TOP 25 COMPANIES LISTED STOCK EXCHANGE :

• Asian paints
• Axis Bank
• Bharti Airtel
• Coal India
• HCL Tech
• HDFC Bank
• Hindustan Zinc
• HUL
• ICICI Bank
• Infosys

• IOC
• ITC Ltd.
• Kotak Bank
• L&T
• Maruti
• NTPC
• ONGC
• SBI
• Sun Pharma
• TCS
• Ultra tech cement
• WIPRO
• Bajaj Finannce
• Titan Company
• Yes Bank Ltd.
HISTORTY OF GLOBAL STOCK EXCHANGE :
The first modern stock trading was created in Amsterdam when
the Dutch East India Company was the first publicly traded
company. To raise capital, the company decided to sell stock
and pay dividends of the shares to investors. Then in 1611, the
Amsterdam stock exchange was created. For many years, the
only trading activity on the exchange was trading shares of the
Dutch East India Company.
The New York Stock Exchange took centuries to become what
it is today. In 1817, the Buttonwood traders observed and
visited the Philadelphia Merchants Exchange to mimic their
exchange model, creating the New York Stock and Exchange
Board.

After the Great Fire of 1835 wiped out 700 buildings in lower
Manhattan, Wall Street suffered a significant property loss.
Fortunately, Samuel Morse opened a telegraph demonstration
office, which allowed brokerages to communicate remotely.
In 1903, the doors of NYSE opened with hundreds of stock
certificates held underground in vaults.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average and the S&P 500 Index.
These are two of the stock market’s most famous benchmarks,
or barometers that try to capture the performance of the whole
market and even the whole economy.
The S&P 500 was created in 1923 by Henry Barnum Poor’s
company, Poor’s Publishing. It began by tracking 90 stocks in
1926. Standard & Poor’s was founded in 1941, when the
company merged with Standard Statistics. The S&P 500 is a
market-cap-weighted index, meaning companies whose market
value is larger have a bigger influence. Market value or market
cap is calculated by multiplying the price-per-share by the
gauges like the Russell 2000 Index, the S&P 500 has become
synonymous among investors with the stock market.

HISTORY OF INDIA STOCK EXCHNAGE :

The stock exchange or market is a place where stocks, shares and

other long-term commitments or investment are bought and sold.

The economic significance of a stock market results from the

increased marketability resulting from a stock exchange share
quotation. The stock exchange is an essential institution for the
existence of the capitalist system of the economy and for the smooth
functioning of the corporate form of organisation.

The Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act of 1-956 defines, a stock

exchange as “an association, organisation or body of individuals,
whether incorporated or not, established for the purpose of
assisting, regulating and controlling, business in buying, selling and
dealing in securities.”

The first organised stock exchange in India was started in 1875 at

Bombay and it is stated to be the oldest in Asia. In 1894 the
Ahmedabad Stock Exchange was started to facilitate dealings in the
shares of textile mills there. The Calcutta stock exchange was
started in 1908 to provide a market for shares of plantations and
jute mills.

Then the madras stock exchange was started in 1920. At present

there are 24 stock exchanges in the country, 21 of them being
regional ones with allotted areas. Two others set up in the reform
era, viz., the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and Over the Counter
Exchange of India (OICEI), have mandate to have nation-wise
trading.

They are located at Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Bangalore,

Bhubaneswar, Mumbai, Kolkata, Kochi, Coimbatore, Delhi,
Guwahati, Hyderabad, Indore, Jaipur’ Kanpur, Ludhiana, Chennai
Mangalore, Meerut, Patna, Pune, Rajkot.

The Stock Exchanges are being administered by their governing

boards and executive chiefs. Policies relating to their regulation and
control are laid down by the Ministry of Finance. Government also
Constituted Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) in April
1988 for orderly development and regulation of securities industry
and stock exchanges.

DETAIL OF NSE & BSE :

• NSE
National Stock Exchange was incorporated in the year 1992 to
bring about transparency in the Indian equity markets. Instead of
trading memberships being confined to a group of brokers, NSE
ensured that anyone who was qualified, experienced, and met the
minimum financial requirements was allowed to trade.[13] In this
context, NSE was ahead of its time when it separated ownership
and management of the exchange under SEBI's supervision.
NSE was established with a diversified shareholding comprising
domestic and global investors. The key domestic investors
include Life Insurance Corporation, State Bank of India, IFCI
Limited, IDFC Limited and Stock Holding Corporation of India
Limited. Key global investors include Gagil FDI Limited, GS
Strategic Investments Limited, SAIF II SE Investments Mauritius
Limited, Aranda Investments (Mauritius) Pte Limited, and PI
Opportunities Fund.
The exchange was incorporated in 1992 as a tax-paying company
and was recognized as a stock exchange in 1993 under the
Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956, when P. V. Narasimha
Rao was the Prime Minister of India and Manmohan Singh was the
Finance Minister.

• INDICES :

1. NIFTY 50

The NIFTY 50 is a benchmark Indian stock market index that

represents the weighted average of 50 of the largest Indian
companies listed on the National Stock Exchange.[1] It is one of the
two main stock indices used in India, the other being the BSE
SENSEX.[2]
Nifty 50 is owned and managed by NSE Indices (previously known
as India Index Services & Products Limited), which is a wholly
owned subsidiary of the NSE Strategic Investment Corporation
Limited.[3][4] NSE Indices had a marketing and licensing agreement
with Standard & Poor's for co-branding equity indices until 2013.
The Nifty 50 index was launched on 22 April 1996,[5] and is one of
the many stock indices of Nifty.

• BSE ( BOMBAY STOCK EXCHANGE )

Bombay Stock Exchange was started by Premchand Roychand in

1875.[8] While BSE Limited is now synonymous with Dalal Street, it
was not always so. In the 1850s, five stock brokers gathered
together under a Banyan tree in front of Mumbai Town Hall, where
Horniman Circle is now situated.[9] A decade later, the brokers
moved their location to another leafy setting, this time under banyan
trees at the junction of Meadows Street and what was then called
Esplanade Road, now Mahatma Gandhi Road. With a rapid
increase in the number of brokers, they had to shift places
repeatedly. At last, in 1874, the brokers found a permanent
location, the one that they could call their own. The brokers group
became an official organization known as "The Native Share &
Stock Brokers Association" in 1875.
The Bombay Stock Exchange continued to operate out of a building
near the Town Hall until 1928. The present site near Horniman
Circle was acquired by the exchange in 1928, and a building was
constructed and occupied in 1930. The street on which the site is
located came to be called Dalal Street in Hindi (meaning "Broker
Street") due to the location of the exchange.
On 31 August 1957, the BSE became the first stock exchange to be
recognized by the Indian Government under the Securities
Contracts Regulation Act. Construction of the present building,
the Phiroze Jeejeebhoy Towers at Dalal Street, Fort area, began in
the late 1970s and was completed and occupied by the BSE in
1980. Initially named the BSE Towers, the name of the building was
changed soon after occupation, in memory of Sir Phiroze Jamshedji
Jeejeebhoy, chairman of the BSE since 1966, following his death.

• INDICES

1. SENSEX
The BSE SENSEX (also known as the S&P Bombay Stock
Exchange Sensitive Index or simply SENSEX) is a free-float
market-weighted stock market index of 30 well-established and
financially sound companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange.
The 30 constituent companies which are some of the largest and
most actively traded stocks, are representative of various industrial
sectors of the Indian economy. Published since 1 January 1986, the
S&P BSE SENSEX is regarded as the pulse of the domestic stock
markets in India. The base value of the SENSEX was taken
as 100 on 1 April 1979 and its base year as 1978–79. On 25 July
2001 BSE launched DOLLEX-30, a dollar-linked version of the
SENSEX.