NAME: NAVARRO DAN RICO P.

YEAR AND SECTION: 3 F

ASSESSMENT DATE: 10/12/2021 ASSESSMENT NO. 4 - 5

EVIDENCE AND WITNESS

I. Give at least 2 examples of each evidence.
1. Oral Evidence - Ex: Statements gathered through testimony of witnesses.
2. Documentary Evidence – Ex: Public records, contracts, certificates.
3. Circumstantial Evidence – Ex: A witness saying that she saw a defendant stab a
victim is providing direct evidence. 
4. Direct Evidence – Ex: Ballistics tests that show a bullet was fired by a specific firearm.
5. Real Evidence – Ex: Fingerprints, blood samples, DNA, a knife, a gun, and other
physical objects.
6. Primary Evidence – Ex: Archives and manuscript material.
7. Secondary Evidence – Ex: A photocopy of a document or photograph.
8. Hearsay Evidence – Ex: Person A sees someone climbing into the window of a house.
A later tells person B that the person he saw was C. Evidence from B of what A told
him is hearsay. If A gave his account in a witness statement to the police, the
statement itself would be hearsay.
9. Judicial Evidence – Ex: Autopsy report of the cause of death of a victim by the
perpetrator.
10. Non – Judicial Evidence – Ex: statements made outside the court.

II. Make a Venn diagram about ordinary and expert witness.

An expert witness gives evidence of

An ordinary witness is a witness of fact
and gives evidence of those facts
which are under inquiry.
The ordinary witness gives evidence of
what he has perceived by his
senses (eyes, ear, nose, skin, etc.)
his opinion.
The expert witness supports his
evidence by the experiments which
have been performed by him in the
absence of the opposite party.
The expert gives the rules and
reasons which support his
opinion. For example: If a medical
expert gives an opinion on symptoms
or after-effects of a particular poison,
then he may also refer to the book in
support of his opinion, based on
which he has opined (suggest,
comment, remark, declare).
II. Give at least two (2) examples of each type of witness.

1. Prosecution Witness - You couldn't see very well, could you?" or, "Did you get to the
scene at 8 p.m.? “The prohibition against leading questions on direct examination
forces lawyers to ask non-suggestive questions instead. So, a prosecutor can't guide
the testimony of a prosecution witness too much. 
2. Defense Witness - In a drug or gun case the prosecution will present a witness who
may testify as “the eyes”. This will be the police officer who observed the alleged
transaction or the officer who actually saw the accused with the gun, drugs,
narcotics, or other contraband. In a drug or gun case, the prosecution may also
present the arresting officer to testify as to the recovery. This witness is also
important during pre-trial motions such as a motion to suppress evidence.
3. Expert Witness – You may be called as a handwriting expert or as a doctor to give an
opinion on something that is relevant to the case.
4. Eye witness - A is a shopkeeper and sits in his shop till 12 midnight. One day B and
his brothers in a feeling of revenge reach C’s place. B and his brothers push C out
from his house and beat him very badly. In some time, C’s head starts bleeding.
Looking at it, B and his brothers ran away from the place, leaving C on the floor.
Here, A, a shopkeeper, is an eye witness who saw the crime taking place and can
give testimony against B in court.
5. Hostile Witness - hostile witnesses can be asked leading questions in the hope that
such questions will prompt testimony that the witness may otherwise be reluctant
to give.
6. Child Witness – The child shall testify in a room separate from the courtroom in the
presence of the guardian ad litem; one or both of his support persons; the facilitator
and interpreter, if any; a court officer appointed by the court; persons necessary to
operate the closed-circuit television equipment; and other persons whose presence
are determined by the court to be necessary to the welfare and well-being of the
child;
7. Dumb witness – this are special people, that are unable to speak but can give
evidence in a different manner.
8. Chance Witness - A and B, renowned businessmen are making a deal of drugs in an
old house where no one resides or generally visits. C, a news reporter, passing
through that lane, was once told about the meetings taking place there. So he
reached there for a general inspection. As soon as C reaches there, he saw that A is
holding a gun against B and kills B. Here, C is a chance witness. C was not supposed
to be there, but by chance, he reaches there and witnesses the crime scene.
9. Accomplice Witness – A robbery case occurred and 3 person was involved. 1 of the 3
saw his accomplices murder a hostage. Because of his conscience he self-reported
himself and the incident that occurred.
 10. Identification Witness - DNA samples · Saliva · Hair other than pubic hair · A nail or
any material found under a nail
11. Interested Witness - A is a family doctor of B. B is a person who has committed so
many crimes but never caught in the hands of the law. And A for the reason of being
doctor always treated B for illness and injuries. Now for a crime, B is tried in court.
Here A can be an interested witness as to previous acts of B, which shall prove that
he is a habitual offender. A is an interested witness here. He has no link or ties with
the case but wants the culprit to be punished.

DEADLINE: OCTOBER 9 @ 11:59PM

Prepared by: JOVELYN Q. BANGAYAN LPT