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    Compitello - Sketching The Future Furiously

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    meemalla

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    Chapter Eleven Sketching the Future Furiously La Movida, Graphic Design, and the Urban Process in Madrid Malcolm A. Compitello “This chapter represents a new dieton in esuch onthe relationships be ‘een urban nsformatins al elu apres ashe hve played ot in Spain's recent past David Harvey bas ffimed tht architects have be ‘come the superboroesof modem and posta un ear replacing he fects ofthe avant-garde" This was ceninly the cae In Spain ding the 1980s and" 1990s. Boh the public and private sesors suave es Cammen Giménez one of tose invalve inthe proses on th publ sis, posed the gal was to “cer idols y vender Espa” (Wo eente Salsa el Spain] Inexorably ound up inthis process isthe woek af raph designee who, as Emilio Gil Cacia bas sted, were the "aguecos de pape” [paper aries.» Their eniogaphicmaginries were nested by thee ‘endows urban taeformaione Spin underwent ding the taney, the Cambios beyond Recourse tothe concept of earographic imaginary, boro frm te wok ofthe erical geographer David Harvey's promdbeaking essay on Bale alos fora vay of sowing how ast engage the un proces ‘The conept offs a way’ of ella the reaonship between rea spaces td the imaginary recreation by esr eeators Tose tages te Selves get bound up in the proces of erban consciousness fomation. They In uence the shape and curl texture of Spins cites, subsequent er {iar ofthe formation of whan consciousness andthe las mpac on the bull enviroment” Tis study examines one paicubr manifesaion of in anys 0 "emer Spain's cultrl emnetormation ihe sition to ema. ‘While aft era rue bs been pred on hs body of inl cutie ee ite of dea wi he ran dnc tat res eatin and peetin." The pags tht ll examine ow the malty ‘pees porved in thi grap wrk can be fled by paces Hone can Doin to a prophic bmaimary topography that rors the difetil tal ‘atl ansfonnation of Spins major tan rion In short ths chapter lors hat these ass asin, what the source of tht gn s nd what he consequences of tse etervention inthe wan ny se, Inthe way i eluates the way bn whic ela productin ply i he snares of the ub process? “The asso his apc material based on Severs widely cep sumptions. The rt that the pried ia wich these urban comies op eared was an import ansfomative moment Spain's istry. Diao Ship ceed sy restoration of deoersey and he pid of aon thst fade tat change was flowed by the reo poltcal hegemony ofthe Paid Socilistn Obero Espatol (PSOE). The PSOE gaining cna af Sins largest meopolan tes nthe iia lesions of 1979 ushered ‘nts perio The second assumption i at an import debate about dhe nature of | sites emerged ding hs time frame I rested inate to redtine the ‘are ofthe urban experince and undo se effets of pote bsed deste ‘ive ura planning processes a they evolved inthe 1960s. This dette bsgan with ras roo effet of seighberood esate ithe i 1970, a¢ Manuel Calls as masterfully std I ed wer pie omsrsatos about planing the fre of ees sch a Moi. Valencia, Sand Barcelona, The en esl of these conversations were ean plans ht Some ay assured the righ 0 the city orth Ingest pt ofthe an opulition sarees by lft alan urban suhes Olas Campo ‘Venu as Fernando de Ten has raed, ag ofthe ground bsking work of Hea Levee whose erp onthe igh tect echoes in M's 195 plan as Malcolm Alan Comte underscores." Thee eat cvem ally filed the pal oF he publi conection gave way toa wall Afferent vision of hw to coneie the ebm planing eed We) 0 tan design. This his well documented by Harvey and many’ eter, lead 0 fandamenal change inthe pilosopy of wan planing. This n ‘ur dishes planming’s tle ss way of spain Soil jase aod allgns planing decisions moee with» neoliberal view of economic pb The ceonomie policies of nelbealism that the PSOE peated inca te collason between te public sector, final istitton. ed mes, ind builders All ofthis scholars of Mais have pone ut, aes ‘waves of speculative urbanism which many times cat se the neds ‘manana wes tan gms mea eH yea uaa Go ‘trios consequences a was he case with Ma's 1985 Plan Conpitio fers ease sty in how the good intentions oftaonnanaing tei ‘woblems around the Atocha win station least waves of geteaton Sd hen intense urban speculation in the ares around Mocha nd what ‘would become the Maseo Navonl Cento de Are Rela Sofa would cren- ‘uly case confomtions been those aie To rest hes process {nd the fres driving them in Lavapigs The Dkupaphenomenon which woud be ane ofthe pil means for esitingthiurtan specsation and whichis sila force restance was tbe foerumer of he ago move: ‘en hat has recent taken bold in Spain and erst of Europes he (seupy movement inthe Unie Sates. Hare ofr an extended corer alization of these moments of sacl ures ‘The hid esumption i that ths intense pid of pia, seal, and cn tnnsformation edited a owering of site production expres ‘of cern level of exhastin with he pst dt desist be mode Moreover" the. modernist vision. that these. younger inellcts— ‘reinaaters [winysomebigs and eur de mel aie not ob abe 1 ‘itl asthe alsin europea led them od in mind wis tthe Habemasian model ofthe madem which ha bees ane ofthe wosckstone of {he ines resistance tothe dictatorship and fomed par af the mode for leis social discourse that the PSOE embraced wien swept owe nthe 1982 general leon, but someting quite dir The dea ofthe med ‘emembraedbytbese younger ils nd etal creators came tobe ‘sociated wth he postnoder ain station in which wo compet ing visions ofa progressive mode exsed sie by sle""Put in another ‘vay cst the center of eect debates he concept of porns Stematv wo the moder nn comty in which could be seged 9 fl ‘own dseoure of modeism had never fly taken hold. This posted modernity beam associated with tht effewesent and sil widely mis ‘derstood cultural phanomenon lbs la ido wth its rs in te yout counter cal of the mi ate 1970s. Ths gape werk unde stl here should be viewed a5 he produc of hs eulintersfomatve vison sda sigan conibr oe The fourth assumption Is that this period of uaa exploration is the Second imortnt period in twentieth century Spin where deep considers ‘ion furan nsfomationeccured athe Satine aan mp ‘al emissance of sor commingled wilhabeghened sense ofthe moe “he fst occurs dving tee ofthe niece enon the fist dees ofthe neath cet. Stsas Larson sais hs phenomenon in di Iniseqalyaparent in Baresons. “The retospectivon Spanish apie design “Signo el siplheld tthe Reina Sofia in 2000 ates othe sch history of i kindof Spanish vial ‘ion in this chapter Soe ofthe most input of the graphic designers ‘vse work i nioloized nda colton began thei work in legenday Undertound alt comics, peraps in td's terminology they Would be ‘eter onedered fanzine, sich Sor which began posing in tbe mid Io 1970s a Francesca ado and Vicente Patan pint oe Ae ear Ice when thee wis 2 confnce of an innovative and anise vision of ons that ws api gaining popularity ad, somewhat paradoxical Iyethe markt conditions tht made hese call podurs profitable 8 veri ble explosion in this tind of prion ok place. Compitelo (Benet nt Spanish Poseoderism") noes tat oe ofthe most mptnt contin, lemons that made the emative magizine Lo Lita de Machi (ine 1) soccer wie is highly organized marketing and dstbuton plan, tof «well abated busines model hat mos atv ella wen: Vins eschew 35 Stephen Duncombe ares. ‘While there were a namber a alematve comics ht followed in So's {ootsteps including Bex mach, Cho, od Rambla, te tan ou. The {rst ws £1 sbora, whieh began publishing in 1979, the second, Carn Tounced in 1981 Mabe. the tied, debuted in 1984 under somewhat seca conor sace Madrid's Coneejaia de fa vento anced 2 For all dat seperais Vira, Cao and ler our, fet of istic tivon they brought ogee the work of imovaive urban graphic ats From Bareloa, whe Fda and Caro were published, Madrid sd Vale ‘in The later Was the Home of 2 tiliant group of young comic ats including Minuet Belin, Miehormunt, Jen Enrique Bosch Quevedo, Seno oF Vieene Llbell ad Dail Tore. Vewlly sting. sacl en. senecally exciting fo he way i maseaged the comi aon and moked Individual visions and even metaheorecal about come production, their ‘work changed number of tematic eonsans tht Llads snd oes have Udescore *One a those wns maining ive of life and abn ero ‘ews a whic hat ison anspie Pero Prez del Slo inert tase coms new (ld) way of bing ‘moder nthe following way: irom seh 0 mere ei, A ess ma he "nd in he 9, wah i fo e-saed senag Prez del Sols attention in his aticle is secure, The modemiy that ‘ucteies he aban imaginary of thse eis may bet ne vision the Figure 184, CoveroLe Lune de Madina 2. Coury o Jd Toro nies “American inaniion of 9 new post-war vision of fie, imbued with an | ‘exuberant Art Devo sett. This esthetic cipher he power snd ens” ‘fan exon on the rebound ro along War std is conmeiied cals SSAA ae ‘this The sure ofthis work, evens shoul be Se fom a der eropcive since the grphis work produced during ths prod conmets Scr te elt effervescent ofthe debts over medrty an the ‘tan tnsfomations Spain was ondergaing in te 1970s and 10602 Transcending the rans and tmbrocing to he ld ad the nee a te same time the btn forth en fhe modem. Apr pert [eof thsi th ease te 1580 Wa the Fon ih Speed al ‘machine. This may da on American modes Ptr del Sta’ re indicates. or rom ide detention wt ihe ashes fat the pole ics of atrisn and tcl the machin, and wh he ste oF te avant-garde mor wel wr* Mateover wha Pee dl Solr tele nas does scout fr tat he pot Franco isin of dey ‘isk became ienifed wit a poster ssc and the serener toned vid 3 was meso! above sting the ch mi Of ens at “ns snmering in Spin te tine for “hs pation Ut gaara alo these seen together wo La nase. Wik cry a th rods of th Fg of la on slo even argu it ste moet deh Alls ula els Sxnesized th comecions between the postmen, la ovale and the rb, Lar Land Hed as Si’ idly cclted magne ‘rent roma the merge youl utr podtton tk ented tnd. Cra o Lat ana’ comers rom i ineepton tes th thee ‘ical tame pase, and won sw asa Sanh egal a Pastner protic, a He Ina etal in Lama's tae Inctletal dvng foes, Bor Casa sl ed Tan Mice, eon the magazine's wcson 10 Sppopiis and promot the gosiodem Spin2* "Pron sin emus, comprobshamosalades qe han get solo ees, io qu ints eva sens aos fina sob ten: Jorge Lozano, lose Lois Brea, Javier Side, less Tae, Mig Cersed .. desde deren posconespresenton a fs Ina eon, Jers (Lyon se], Baul, Hobemes Soe ever, e wer lieved elie tn not ony thee wee people ined ta ho ha [cen inking about the pie fora fs Jes Tonge Lozans, Jost Las Bren, avi Sib, Jess ines Miguel Creed.» om fle perspectives thy eed in (paid oe. Bad Fab rc as iy a signet le nthe ebliotyefeween eal leo Spat ding the 1980s” The page othe sone oe Mehr inant magic exemplify this tnsibn of Eopenn tery no Sear i andthe tansormation of Spanish cure ino “European Whi Co ‘aa defined isl 5 “wrga” would come tobe wena perf sp seutart mares place mie mit>sus. roping ne move tam ne ispins to the confer bas Sponads” plowing heres ta the ican Sues broached inthe pogee of the magazine athe eis” dese to !sseiote wih the feof update Spanish cure hat La Lane presented tachment following Frei Jameson “eveything i “a he ast nai” pli 21" ten eerily te polical figures sigiScaly ia the acs of ela ‘nd linguste unalaion that propel the postmodern othe exer ofthe Spansheutal arena." The growing aesepane of th diourae of port. lode in Spain ding the mid to te 1980 eeenive with impor tan poll and soil wanstormains in the period allowing the restr tio of demoerey. This pecially tre fom 1982 on when Spit soi ism comes Yo oesupy a postion of politeal hegemony. Cast and Teno Marine’ remads ied above us tat interest in postmodernism did nat imply “appear with the aval of the socialist dtc polices, Neve: les once the scien contre ofthe reins of goverment, posmod emis occupies n evermore cena place in cbr debts. ls igation| tom the marist the ener emphasizes how ie polis of ell wars Inn propre the course of postmodern. “The soil ad ula varstormaions in Spin tha une pli le timation witht soil electoral ctor a 982 originated ring the ‘ranstiono deroerey They tok ol afi he muricial leon of 1979 Ives the PSOE gine contol of Mode and ater lage ides alloush ‘any scholars nw pit ut hat they gine enh err. The Highly ‘ible aspes a these changes were apie la Movida, ndeaing the ea fof ew Span onhe move” In dition vo those sredy cited, bt are not mite to (Gard Imber, Moncho Alpers Aiteto Cardin, Jo Luis Gales, andthe collective volume La glviase mova nacional cont unig itrpetations of {his process Inthe nt ew eas here has been a Muy fae work on Le ‘Movida, includlog memoirs by thowe who partied (Sabina Mende, ‘Ava Je a pei), several import rerospetive exhib incuding Lt Imovide, andthe work of Tono Martinez The later comtins te import Fefletions of many who worked on the groundeaking magazine Lo Lane de Mair Theres also a pote body of eal work seuding the Ailes that appeared ina special section fhe Arizona Jornal of Hispame ‘Citra Stes edited oy Wiliam Nichols and Rosi Song. Posimodemism quickly becomes Kind of disse shorthand expe sion forthe image on poate urban and wane Spain o the ove. By 1885, however things od hanged. A pasion pec by Casares to the problems resulting om the equation he and Teno Marte had ma in La ‘Ca’ nal se” The eonjiing of posmoderim and fo Movie nt the phenomenon of waning to Be sci with what in” od tracted themselves tthe magazine tothe elt! manifestation it documented ed tothe ses dette nan tempt to appro be up-dated to ein Psion 1o tke exnomieadvmtge of thei aeociaion wth Lo Lan ane ‘sth postmodern. Cass reletone were ceed! and ited y Ton Mortinez Tar that sme year when he assumed ihe editorship ofthe rmngarne ” Ton adits that he eof the “mova jour as teat pant duc othe “bneiiosas aspectos publics y de marketing que Is ichas pala ee, sobre td, aaa exterior [Beneficial policy and marketing aspects that La ides, especialy aoe). The genaraied ‘sy the eollaborators on La Lane employed the term opened a pce er the anges,” “aque ‘ilatas” qu ian ent apie el cio manera “qussimadssea’ de nar 9 moda sn entender naga” (hos who Sawin the ample we of he em Qusimodean way of being asionble Without compretending anything] To equate "Movi" and poser: em as Lr Lins hal done was, or Tonos soond mstke ss inl eee Tt the hangers on syndrone noted by self and Can Te sae of alse lamented hy Caza Tomo, a ters BEEN Un val rom the moment the pls of the "cambio" embraced newer ‘atilesation of Spanish etre, even is mos aso ones Inthe process {making the cae for Spa's eultual “post-moderszntion” the Soci emmen’ pled thse promoting and eresing ths" Spanish cule iva doble bid. Much of what hey di ae landed by goverment hat ‘ough such funding wished Yo bois the progressive image of Spain ‘whol distin from tha of the Franast prod. Yet the very atte of 3 “ultra expression ofthis kind demanded tht it be eoetesuatory. As Renato Pouuol points ot in his else sy, the aan-gards by he very nature, Imus aime 8 contesnory posture toward sictres of power" In the Spin of the combo this equed the eth! condemnation ofthe nancial tn pln paronage tate prt, ats ned to seep, Thee tei the “haneers on syndrome Casini and other amet Asp 10 isang and capitalize on la ovis made the elspa of Spins progressive government ill “hangeran:" The ens ofthe materi ‘he way the PSOE managed and frend this proces an howe those who ‘owed fom the goverents spor perceived he goverment lors nd motives. Moreover, the fet tht sm avane-arde cule had become Imasively accepted a being in” geometiall Tacs thse who wished 'o eaptaize onthe promotion advantage eng postmodern or Movie lice witht ering sbout what emheaeing sock eal implied socially or politcal “The pein in the round abe on he ste of Spanish eure orga ize by Line diss the problem of ate fund and interventionist Feng Alo thse whe ook part were enged in sone way oath oe ey UNEVEN TENOR YOUNES Spars cau, "Tey now fe 10 conser haw Ghee work had een agrepea by the Socist goverment in pa, they adie, bere oe nding oles (i ot exist. Rama de Espat's sceti condemnaon of goverment _propiation of la Movida piste tenor of he debt: “Lo retina ee {ue movida puede coe en manos de canto concjlr soils que con ‘eor opeor incon delenden sus proyectos en base a cert ente: Que Presidente del Gobieme habe de movida ex como par trace pr I Vent a [The te thing i that a Monson lit the er hands of sos Sts counilnen who wih the bes of worst intention defend thei projets based on thir voting consiteney. That te President ofthe Goverment talks about la Movida sins] Bat hit opinion mot be weighed aga the comments made by Mariano Ania Roo (novel, asa, nl et tale) who acknowledges the nevitabiy ofthe PSOE's cull plies. “Lo grave ex que sino extn ellasy eo Toque mas dicen endo faben Ae alersivas-qien et? Son el mal menor (The worrying thing ha ifthe are no tere and that wate ae eying when hey lu boat sheraives, whois hee? They are the ese ofthe wo evil"! Tha he ‘ounduble ended with Anon Roos stement el sigifians. Other examples ofthis Kind of debe abound. They al laste the itemma fed by shis eonetsoneatre.Inressngly he adversary ss bot some monolihic authoritarian reine. The purported “esmy™ ts 2 leis, progssive goverment tht was fosng he bil fora good potion of what was being produced because it beloved in the tint vale cals {retin ina way that regimes da preceded it dd a, and bee ied to get aximum polite benefit om the prodt for hich it elped tp ‘The aleraative vision of the fre tht these call restr: had in ind was deply connected oan imaginary ta as einen rose in isons of ub space and hot eset an aginary vison congue with ab {Sgend o ransfor Spin’ ces Real paces and thir ial rendering places ofthe inainary were fundamental This was ceil the case with {a Lia de xd. Larson and Pat, an acts who ealisorted on La “Lina, fer important eens which comect he magazine ote ey sod ‘ots urban imaginary. Javier Olivares, deeply involved inthe aerative cult of he 1980s, ‘egies his recent reflection on LaLa ands fame vole on eeting that urban imaginary by sing "No se abe ceca ia sl ve Ibo vie en Marte Deo qu se ene cartza ede que hobo una vex vis en Madi y fu en as as 80. Para quien tenga das, basta ler os 30 ‘femplares(ontando el 0) de Lo Lama de Mdridprs erase della” {One cannot know fo cern i there tee ve ein Mars Whit ean be sue about is ht there war once if in Maid ad hat was Ia the eighties. Fer hose who doubt i i wl slice to orcad the 50 ees tating ith te ir is say “Di dean ftps (Days of a Ps uu] whi sons det th Dovid Harvey's seit so Bel zoe. For Hane) beret mvt conte by ssn 6 ata sen destojed byte bongo tae ees. Tis compe Bales imagine fur ity paso apie he faust eeretonot an imagined post hat never exe case ot hs oo imap. Wa Ot ‘aressgsts berets on the 198s is ui lc epost, Fer Madd the ps athe it, bts rors on. ta aay as ben Se insti tan veo woe eno ‘son planing eed own den athe pl secon fom he 1990; on. The elfevecet csjncon of fore een ube cies tha nbd the sing n words and images of pogtesie Alri has ben los lars onsen pina oc a elas Navn Yok pin ue se a 19, 3 ‘rapeseed [am orig era ec Leche (3.34) underscore this an conecs Movida Yo ban aso ators in Mais capital ns wel (13-85, especially 135-38. Peer Shee ages tht Au: hs Yodan rl inducing S's enn generations abot wht i nso bes reside ofa mee mows cmunity Ts an impo stron ven huh epic ‘th produet ofthe city goverment, not of one othe new mised Comrade Moisi Nevers, seeps the are i pope imi similar in some ways 1 what hs being poryed in Le Lane ‘While the sary of visions ofthe ty that are poreeyed spay me Aileen bea of Mac's th somes pedagoel” ins nner the asaya ofthe ey pak ofthe fd foking Vso toss ‘in Caitl Gabriel Caras, Segio Martin Blas expand ihe con esto spl concems beyond the confines of er Lane td esp “dessin laos btnen ode and cn * Ca sorcery ahem el La srg gua pn ed sore, ors Gon Vi ee {Getta Cop Tore Se Mae yor ir ms be Se ‘aan Mayne Cn Ls ene Meee cc porch ‘nero azesl ale Depts doom ea {enya ba fe enirenen nl he ms dpe a ‘eine cn sins teases man snes de ‘tee comers meer de La Mov. (The aa itd ManideGvr at mato beth Vine ene ‘antl of fre of teers” aed ota at 06 Te ‘here a gt ty pd tone M3, he Go Vin om {hot he ipa er be Tomer af ad rete crn “Ziao an Noa of Cio a ane ns Mena the ao Fanci Cabrel ri: Sipe fap, the ‘ches ane wre in meting pro en eh ‘owners epming wh ets oes na orion ate oe suger ricreect Mod) = ‘The illustrations ofthe aes involved in design oF redesign proces uring this period underscore Ei G's coometionbenwen rep de- Sgn and schtecte; between desing imaginary visions of new pce ead ‘ezing thom insione and ora Perhaps the graphic ast whose work al fh congestive de Han, an assiduous contr to Madi and aber publications sd 9 ioncsing graphic designer whose Wotkbeped shape commen graphic Aesgn tends. His wore apres a sense of aye, the fo of movement dan optimism ofthe spt ta sil thought thal one cau boldly move Forward sas the urbanized canines of Maddon the go th 1980s. His endring of one of Madrid's most familia rb eos he Capito buling (igure 1.2) ember" The Capital he product of ie fist period of Maid's moderiztion and a widely reproduced ion te uran process ia Maid” De Jon jstpoees the buling wth two ‘wel-dessed representatives of Spsin's 1980s modernity. The ted (nthe ign color drawing) city bus a well-ecogsial tan a publ anspor: ‘in in Mri for the ne 197s Tovar Uitte ait places beeen the ty denizens andthe architectural epreenaion of modernity anchors the loge inthe ety pesent atthe sane time i connect th mode of the carly ent centiy (he builéng sll) with a sine surge of ede Style and thous Figue 113 is one of heats most meus images. twat eigialy published in adic vo adverse the magaine. The sense of motion ex: essed in both te muscult moverents ofthe wllressed me figure (elehing 2 copy of the maazzve the puter aderiss) and the emblematic Malai A. Compto CADIT@L gure 14.2. evar deans ranting of Mad Capit! Bong, Ue wih Schnee Fit as slogan “vamenos qu nos vamos” les go that we're leaving. The utp Sion of vehicle and human being andthe magni, andthe weledneced sola of the cys ability o keep up Spain comments on human agen) and iss abil to et chang and Madi olen the process The sh. ‘ant use of peble anspoation ina cig that wis stems W ee he ‘excesses of private vehicular afc eonnets magiaay a rtan proces 2 dows tht fit tat gees the man an the bu epee the ol os Spanish tag. Spain (Madd) was onthe move, people were beau end wel-desod| fashion statements, and big things Were happening ns Figure 114 snes ue 1.3. "Running Man Advarisement for ed by Jer oan eed Sigitcamly they wets taking plae in am ban envionment in which the omncton between eiyscape and aces tones offered emprserment.A ation an movement, trations and modem’ apd an mene a= "tonal eis inking Spanish eltyseape othaz rome ths abe ‘say Olars points ou, pemeats Flgue 11.3, anther ofthe apie de Slane imapning of emoder world onthe move Sinilarconsectons meats te Work of number of oer graphic nite which algo oles up aomaive inaginares ofthe ban. They ae individual ited, bata ll project posible uban Woks tha 0 some ton bul does de a, on he eathetes ofthe avan-gndeo rote ‘son of a mobi, fesibe uran environment with conscrabe emp fn consumption, Spe doc nt ll fora fll nyse ofthe vary of ‘eapones ote bn a appre during tis pei some summary cx nemo ther eet: sin dr The comics by Roger, Se, and Tors Fig 11.4. Matron or Madi. 16 (188) by Javed an Used wih eran R N SCOOTES or Mad No, (184) b rd Ju, awh cia a similar if mote spied ian wih pce and med. The onmecton bien ane Mash ad ein was prone ocr {those frost drawing sr versions os Fate pet reset snes Siem inthe werk of Cewepe (Calon Singhce Pre) whch paced Ihe sf al of he impotnt venues Traut coms, The cover deign he ifr Number 40 of Vora fs one of hs mos pesmi nas Bayne the ses ote moder ht has on described» Oters noe | pera: 2 Mees & Como the same kindof uae arta inaginary sich a his cavers for Calro— {sped hs cover for Nuke 24—or eer emblematic images.” Glen Cite's work in Nodemaey profundas and elsewhere displays sini to fences a doce Michi’ Futraa Seno'sCazando millonrios and earidrsle smount of the work done by Miguel Calatayl and Carlos Giménee 'Ata moment of sock aking the elite of La Ln de a Mei, ested ho thei pubition had Begun as an atemp © document he wile Soy of interesting work that was tnafoning the cys elo apdseape but that i s00n recognized tht peopl looked wo K asa ores charting th

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