DECIMAL FRACTIONS Regularly (1-2) questions have been asked from this chapter. It is one of the most common chapters which ‘we are studying from the very starting age. we FRACTION If any unit is divided into some parts, then .... each of these parts is called fraction of that unit. A fraction is represented as p/q, where q#0 and here q is called as denominator and p is called as numerator. : eg, 1/2,3/4,6/7 etc. are fractions. Simple fraction ‘The fraction which has denominator other than power of 10, is called simple fraction. eg: “e Note Simple traction I aso known as vulgar traction | DECIMAL FRACTION Fraction that has powers of 10 in the denominator ate called decimal fraction. eg. @ < is the tenth part of 1 is written as 0.1. Gi) ae is the hundredth part of 1 is written as 0.01. Types of Decimals 1, Recurring Decimals A decimal number in which a digit or set of digits repeats regularly is called ‘non-terminating repeating decimals or recurring decimals. To represent these fractions, a line is drawn on repeating digits. ce Peonassrtassi, = 066666. £13333...MATHEMATICS > Decimal Fractions 2. Pure recurring decimal A decimal fraction in. which all the digits after the decimal points are repeated, is called a pure recurring decimal, eg. 0.786786786. ..= 0.786 0.77771...=07 EXAMPLE 1 Which one of the following is a non-terminating repeating decimal? o® ee ek a $ eH 3 Sol. . » 2.=0-272727. 413x125 _ 1625 1000 _ 3x625 _ 1875 Ye x625 ~ T0000 7x4 _ 548 a7 = 248 = saa 257 25x4 ~ 100 From above itis clear that all of these are terminating = 1.625 =01875 decimals, Hence, 34 non-temiating repeating decimal. 3. Mixed recurring decimal A decimal fraction in which some digits after the decimal point are not repeated while some are repeated, is called a mixed recurring decimal. eg. 0.179999... 0.053939. 179, 30.0539 Note The cecimal expansion of rational number Is. ether terminating, or nomterminaing recuring. in other words, umber whose decimal expansion is ‘armnaling.”or onterminating securing i @ relonal number Operations on Decimal Fractions, Addition and Subtraction While making addition or subtraction of d fractions the numbers are placed in such a way that the decimal point lie in one column. Then, the numbers can be added or subtracted as usual. EXAMPLE 2, 7.093-3.57=7 fe. 3523, b. 3513 © 3143 4d. 3532 Sol. a. Here, 7.093 = 3570 EXAMPLE 3. 51.3+7.078+138+09=7 0. 61.668 6. 59238 . 60.658 d. None of these 33 Sol. Note Adding!Annesing zerces to the etree right of a decimal freation dove nat change lis Value Multiplication While multiplying two or more decimal fractions, consider them without decimal point and multiply them as usual. In the product so obtained the decimal point is marked off as many places from the right as in the sum ‘of the decimal places in the given numbers. EXAMPLE 4. 5x0. 25x 6.301 0.00394=7 ‘9. 0.0310324220 '. 0.0310328210 . 009310324250 d. None ofthese Sol. €. For the product of 5x 0.25% 6.301 x 0.00394 Here, 5 25% 6301 x 394 = 310324250 Total decimal places(2+3+5)=10 5x 0.25% 6, 301 x 0, 00394=0031032425, Division While dividing the given decimal fraction by a natural number, divide it without the decimal point to get quotient. Here, in the quotient so obtained, place the decimal point after as many places from the right as are there in the dividend. For dividing a decimal fraction by a decimal fraction, multiply the dividend and the divisor by a suitable power ‘of 10 t0 make the divisor a whole number and then proceed as in the previous rule. EXAMPLE 5. 0.01834+13 @. 14107 . 0000181077 Sol. ¢. Here, for 001834413, b. 141077 4. None of these S0,0.01834+13=0.00141077 EXAMPLE 6. 0.0066 + 0.22: 2003 bh 03 3 Sol. 0. 0.0066+0.22 (00066 x 10000 (022% 10000 ~ 22100 100 4. None of these34 To Convert a Pure Recurring Decimal into a Simple Fraction In order to convert a pure recurring decimal fraction into simple (vulgar) fraction, we write the repeated figures only once in the numerator without decimal point and write as many nines in the denominator as the number of repeating figure. 3 5 or 0.45 =— eg 05 ® 99 EXAMPLE 7. 1.27 in the form p/q is equal to EM alt mo im a Sol. «1.37 2140.37 14 27/99 «2227 126 214 399 To Convert Mixed Recurring Decimal into a Simple Fraction ‘The numerator is obtained by taking. the difference between the number formed by all the digits after decimal. point. (Here, repeated digits are taken only once) and the number formed by non-repeating digits. ‘The denominator is obtained by placing, as many nines as in repeating digits followed by as many zeroes as the number of non-repeating digits EXAMPLE 8. The vulgar fraction of 0.1236 is. Ba noneorthese om as Ses Sol, 6, 0.1955 1236= 12 1224 102 900“ 9000 “B25 EXAMPLE 9. What is the value of 1.344 4.127 a BT stg gH ” 0 0 Sos So, dv 1.34=IMET 123 agg 419 A= 4171 9 30790 a71_ 133044081 _ 5411 90-990 990 Comparison of Fractions By Converting in Decimal Form ‘To compare the fraction using decimal, convert each one of the given fractions in decimal form and now arrange them i ascending or descending order as per the requirement. By Equating Denominators For comparison of fractions, take LCM of the denominator of all fractions. So, that their denominators are same. Now, the fractions having largest numerator is the largest fraction. CDS Pathfinder 25163 EXAMPLE 10. Arrange <2, <°, = in ascending 36° 25'7 order. Sand? 7 16 25 3 Zand? a, None of these form, 3 "6 316 2 and 2 are in 6 ascending order. EXAMPLE ll. Arrange in descending order ae'7 ©. 6/7,516,7/8 b. 718,516,617 ©. 718, 67, 5/6 4. 6/7,7/8,5/6 Sol. ¢. LCM of 8, 6, 7 =168 7721147 5_ 5x28 _ 140 87 8x21 168 ~ 66x28 168 66x24 _ 144 7 7x24 168 140, 144 168 “168 and 76 So, descending order offractionsis 2,8 HCF and LCM of Decimal Fractions For finding the HCF or LCM of decimal fractions, first make the given fractions to have same number of decimal places by annexing zeroes, if needed. Now, find the HCF or LCM of the numbers without considering decimal. Finally, in the result mark as many decimal places as are there in cach of the given numbers. EXAMPLE 12. The HCF and LCM of 1.600, 8 and 2.4 is @. 0.800 and 24 'b. 0.6000 and 38 . 0,900 and 42 6. None of these Sol. a. We can write the given numbers as 1.600, 8.000, 2.400. So, without decimal, the numbers are 1600, 8000 and 2400, Now, HCF of 1600, 8000 and 2400 is 800. HCE of 1,600, 8.000 and 2.400 is 0.800. ‘And_ LCM of 1600, 8000, 2400 is 24000, LCM of 1.600, 8.000 and 2.400 is 24.000.a Neuntte > PRACTICE EXERCISE 1 z 1. 12, 13. 14, If (15.9273 ~ x)= 11.0049, then the value of x is, (ayage2s —(o)o.4g22 —(e)04294 (6.992 If (18.29 + 0.2364 5.290+0,0002)=., then the value of xis (a)020916 fo) 2.0916 (©) 208.16 (@) 209162 1€175 1.24= 2.17, then the value of 1.75 x 124 is (avai (©) 0.0217 (27 {@) None of those If 111744+288=388 then the value of 111744 2888 (aaas —(0)0388(e) 3880 (988 (o.3y* ~ (04? ‘The value of O97 = OM is equal to (as raat Ce (6 0.008 ‘The value of 294% 0.0008 eouats to 002 (2) 0.000016 () 0.00016 (0.0016 (6) None of these Which of the following sets of the fractions is in ascending order? O28 ©) ees3 oN tes Bree When 0.232828..i8 converted into a fraction, then the result 6 2 a we @z 3 02 — @ On Oro ‘1f 8.245 x 10* = 00003246, then the value of bi: @s oa 3 os ‘The value of (06 + 08 +07) is 1 1 1 1 @2t &) met ih yet wee weT OTS ‘The value of (6.88 ~ 2.58) is (430 AB (BW (ARB ‘The expression (11.98% 11,98+ 1198 x x+ 002 x 0,02) will be a perfect square for x equal to (oo (02 (004 (aoa 0.5y, then the value of =*2 is Boy rs 1263 @4A3 O15 15 7.2 exceeds its one-tenth by (848 (B)S48 (0) 6.48) 5.28 15. 16. 17. 18. 19, 20, 21. 22, 23. 24. If 2.5252525...=2 (in the lowest form), then q what is the value of £7 P (aioe oases oosse (0206 What decimal ofan hour isa second? faazs e006.) 000027 2) 00125 al 1B =224, thon the value of 5 ig y We - 048 jis mies tee Tho value of | OF =O" ig equal to T0001 err IO 0D ‘he value of 2a seal to 3 08505 3x08 jo HIS IS ONS What should be subtracted ftom the tnulipication of 0.627 and 2.019 to got 1? (a) 0.939085 (b) 0.060851 (0) 1.91984 (d) 2.16085 ‘The value of 0.9407 + 0.1995 is equal to (e048 w a4eoi oa (08 25u. 47 ‘The greatest fraction out of 2,2, 14 and is oe Core ie 8 7 5 ni 2 a of 4 oz 8 of 02 Which ofthe ilowing ratios i eater than 2 5 and less than au § 4 2 of 2 wt of of of Consider the following statements: 1.2 cannot be written as a terminating decimal, 1. 2 can be written as a terminating desimal. 1 can be written as a terminating decimal, TH 3 can be write t ea Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct {@) Only! (land it (6) Only (@) Wand in36 25. Consider the following decimal numbers T. 116666666. Tm 1asisinis... 11. 2.030010001, TV. 1.454545, Which of the above numbers represent(s) rational number(s)? (@) Onyv (b) and (land v (@) None of hese PREVIOUS YEARS’ QUESTIONS 26, What is the value of 0007 + 17,83+ 310.0203 ? (@) 227 28635 (b) 27.9668 of 20121 (@ 927.8868 (@) 827-2068 27. What is the value of 0.242424...? 201218 2B 8 7 47 a) 28 we ol a oz og og of 28, Representation of 0, 2341 in the form and q are integers, q#0.is @ 2 @ Mt 2H m0 4005 9900 Let p be @ prime number other than’? or 5. One would like to express the vulgar fraction 1/p in the form of a recurring decimal. Then, the decimal will be of 20151 (a) pure recurring decimal and its period wil be necessary (p—1) (0)@ med recurring decimal and its period wil be necessary (a) (6) pure recurting decimal and its period will be some: factor of (0-1) (6) mixed recurring decimal and its period vill be some factor of (P=1) 30. The value of (0.63 + 0.37) is of 2015 11 “00 400 4000 (1 w « Ogi 99 298 > HINTS AND SOLUTIONS 4. (a) w= 15.9273 ~ 11.0069 = 49224 5) (04) 10s)? +(04") 10 2 @ 153900 105} + (04F] Sok=-4 0.2360 = (05) ~(04)2=(05-04)(05+04) 4g, 5.2900 (Role 1) +.0,0002 1 09 = 009 {Rote 21 20.9162 oy 924 0.0008 _ oro0n32 x= 209162 aoa 1 a. . +8) (2458 = 175 x 1246217 7. @) Her, & = 075, =07,3 -a- (2-3) si744 i "big 99 4 (Since, HATH 5 3.93 | 5 288 ea + Bass Ba aid B17 «543 (Rates) So, 075-< 07 < 083 < 0846 i % "00 42, (9 Given expression Now 174 7H egrmuieg] | 8 (Odes, 0252523... 3 = (0198) + (a0) + 1198 258 25800 (ohich is recursng decimal) = the en greion Be pert Gasy? 1004")? |e) tem, 10% = 20000245, quae, ve must have aa 3248 sien saventi We =) (a+ be- 2) | aa 5.245 x10 [by wing (e+ 8) = 4 + 3° + 208]MATHEMATICS > Decimal Fractions Now, the expression is [dividing ‘numerator and denominator by y] Rey z/ye1 02041. 120 yay x/y=1 020-1” ~080 oas Shortcut Method POF xt y 05425 yo Bs ey 05-35 [using componeado and didendo] = Bed e-ts ay 1a 14, 72-22 Or = 12-0.7=648 45. (4) Given, £=252 0) 7 "Now, 100 multiply Both sides, we get 1002 = 25253 elit) 1 On subtracting Bq, (i) fom Eq, (i), we 305 BKOR | 3x8E 20. (0) Let # should be subtracted (0527 x 2013) -#>1 1.060851 — > 1 960851 21. 0) 03467 + 01383 3467-34 | 1333-13 9900 a3 Cleary, 0.8 ies Between 0.75. and 0.8335. 3 A ties between 3 and § 5 é 24. (0) 0 A and 2, 22 and 15 are notin nis te form of 2° 5 buen 2. 6 16; the form of 2 x". 804-4 can be ‘writen asa terminating decimal, Hence, statements Tand Il are comet. 37 25, (Since, 1.16666... and 1.454545... are reourting aumbers and we know tbat, feeurting aumbers represent rational ‘numbers Hence, statements I and IV are rational numbers 28. @) 0007 = 0007777777, = 1783 = 1783938383 = 3278663838 on adding 32786638 27. (b) Given, 0.242424... = 0.24 fhe arcing desi mumber) 24.8 7B 28, (g 0.571 = 28=2 = 289 3590 980 29, (9 Vue p maybe 3,7, 31,13 += 03 , Period Her, p-1= Zand is fier of 2 = ORR, Period = 6 Here, p= 1= Wand 2s factor of 10, 30. (c) We have, 0.63 + 037 Let = 063 6363 63, 1008 = 63636363 ., 99. and 2= 3 9 Similarly, y = 037 = 0373737 37