ATD – I Assignment

Modules 1
For course outcomes 1 to 2
Theory questions
1. what is an air standard cycle and define its efficiency
2. Write the differences between petrol engine and diesel engine. What will happen if diesel
engine is injected with petrol and vice versa?
3. Differentiate between two stroke and four stroke cycle
4. derive expressions for efficiencies of Otto, diesel and dual cycles
5. among Otto, diesel and dual cycles which cycle is more efficient for the conditions of a)
same compression ratio b) same peak pressure
Practice problems
1. A six-cylinder engine with a compression ratio of 8 and a total volume of 600 mL intakes
atmospheric air at 20°C. The maximum temperature during a cycle is 1500°C. Assuming
an Otto cycle, calculate (a) the heat supplied per cycle, (b) the air standard efficiency, and
(c) the power output for 4000 rpm.
2. A diesel cycle, with a compression ratio of 18 operates on air with suction taking place at
200 kPa and 200 oC. If the work output is 1000 kJ/ kg, determine the thermal efficiency
and the MEP. Also, compare with the efficiency of an Otto cycle operating with the same
maximum pressure.
3. A dual cycle, which operates on air with a compression ratio of 16, has a low pressure of
200 kPa and a low temperature of 200°C. If the cutoff ratio is 2 and the pressure ratio is
1.3, calculate the thermal efficiency, the heat input, the work output, and the MEP.
4. The maximum allowable pressure in an Otto cycle is 8 MPa. Conditions at the beginning
of the air compression are 85 kPa and 22 "C. Calculate the required heat addition and the
MEP, if the compression ratio is 8.
5. A diesel engine has a 0.6 x 1.2 m bore and stroke and operates with 5 percent clearance.
For a power output of 5000 hp, calculate the compression ratio and the rate of heat input
if the cutoff ratio is 2.5.
6. A compression-ignition engine operates on a dual cycle by receiving air at the beginning
of the compression process at 80 kPa and 20 "C and compressing it to 60 MPa. If 1800
kJ/kg of energy is added during the combustion process, with one-third of it added at
 constant volume, determine (a) the thermal efficiency, (b) the work output, and (c) the
MEP.
7. The temperature at the beginning of the compression process of an air-standard Otto
cycle with a compression ratio of 8 is 300K, the pressure is 1 bar, and the cylinder
volume is 560 cm3. The maximum temperature during the cycle is 2000K. Determine (a)
the temperature and pressure at the end of each process of the cycle, (b) the thermal
efficiency, and (c) the mean effective pressure.
8. At the beginning of the compression process of an air-standard Diesel cycle operating
with a compression ratio of 18, the temperature is 300 K and the pressure is 0.1 MPa. The
cutoff ratio for the cycle is 2. Determine (a) the temperature and pressure at the end of
each process of the cycle, (b) the thermal efficiency, (c) the mean effective pressure, in
MPa.
9. At the beginning of the compression process of an air-standard dual cycle with a
compression ratio of 18, the temperature is 300 K and the pressure is 0.1 MPa. The
pressure ratio for the constant volume part of the heating process is 1.5:1. The volume
ratio for the constant pressure part of the heating process is 1.2:1. Determine (a) the
thermal efficiency and (b) the mean effective pressure, in MPa