The first work relating 0 Indion hlowophy the tramateo of the Whacavad Gita—appested in Russian in 174 Hythe endo 1th and ein fing of 200 century, the Best wos felating 10 the phuknophy of Boddmiem—of such Rasim scholars Oneal ster aw 1 P- Minayen SF. Oldenburg and FY Shcherbarhy- chad heen wily acclaimed by world scholars Aer the Great Octiber Socialist tevolution, the quality of Indian plo sophical stick comiderably. im froved in the Soviet Union. Research fon philosophical developments in India became a part of the compre: hensive and ‘many-sided study of Onental people's historia and cul fal advance ‘Set stady of dan philonophy i ide ino two peti: rom 1917 tothe 194m and from the bepinning of the late 1940 to present times. Inthe fist period an attempt was made to ‘tart the process of mastering. and imitating athe theoretical eve, {rom the Marxist-Leninist pions of sctal development, Indias ich his- {erica and philosophical works. It was the period when the MarustLeninist methodology of analysing tends and Phenomena’ in sprint colture was being introduced in Soviet research, Fifecive research was conducted at Somet centres of Oriental studies shich had om theit staff scholars who Thad bern their career late in the 19th Century. Inthe yeats the mat signi fieant works of such illustrious Scho fam as Academician $F. Oenbrg find FAL Shoherbatsky and theit clone prpils were publibed in the USSR In hin scientific work SF ‘Oldenburg (13-1734) focussed 0” Buddhism and om Buddhist art and Ieratare. Though his works did not ‘ea pearly wth dian philosopy, they eve ery mera ere objectively many historical phe- itioens in. indian cate. SF. ‘Oldenvurg was a wellknown specialist fe Baca, ean story and ul tore: he was a prominent historian of Otiental stadcs He headed the fet tute of Oriental Studies of the USI. ‘Academy of Sciences, which started fanctioming in 10. 5.F. Oldenburg Called up researchers to be guided thy Maras principles while analysing fhe eutural tatoos of Oriental eo He establhed that looking at Ejental counties with thet rch si feua culture a “colonies”, om the On a STUDY OF INDIAN PHILOSOPHY INUSSR ly OLGA MEZENTSEVA Part bal and at a “peculiat exotic was alien 10 science, and thi outlook had nf tute. Me kept saying tepeately that mastering of scientibe. methoallogy was signiicant fo effective research in the traditional world outlook of ing of the creative work of Academician FL. Shehetbatshy (1n#4,-1912), an outstanding Rarsian Scholat, He caried forward the be Ueaditions of Russian Oriental stuhes, ing pettected his kom studying alongwith them frowned European scholars. twas in he European rl phenomena. Us vst Indian philosophy in eoperation with {nan scholars who had been tased 00 the traditional educational system ofthe land, Fl. Shcherbatshy combined his nowedge of European and tradition al Indian studies with his profound Ability to master the philosophical erature of other periods. All this enabled him to comprehend fuddhist Philosophical texts and, even more than th ate Budist phil saphical writings inthe context of the history of philosophical thought inthe world 1. Shcherbatshy's fundamental Atilogy—The Central Conception of Bruddhiom and the Meaning of the Word “Dharma” (W923), The Concep- tion of Huddhis Nirvana (197), adit Logic, «1,2 (1932), which was publnhed in Soviet times— Confirmed bis reputation among the world scholars of Oriental staies asa reat specialist in Buddhist pitas phy. His work made a weighty con: Inibution to Soviet stuties of Indian Philowphy, The Ruwian scholat focused bis attention on Buddhist philowophy and culture as a whole, Iehich he evaluated apainst the back: round of the entice cultural tation {Of Inde i ancient times and during the Middle Apes 1, Sheherbatshy’s works are very al development over a petiod of 1,50 Yyears—from the éth century 1.C- op fo 10h century A.D. Besides, bis teritines showed the high level of evelopment of thought of ancient Ii : 719400) emotsh the Karapean concepts Tiel that Indian scholars were Incapable of independent philmo al thought. According to those biased Concepts, Indian phiimophical Wea te purely “wheat” and Teachings. The woths of the Russian scholar of Buddhist je intrnduced the Eutopeat se centiie community to the wonderfal ‘system of Hudihist logic which was volved on an entirely new basis, without having been snfluenced by opean phikmophers. After Shcherbatsky’s works were publi Indian thoupht no longer 9 “provincial” in cha trendy of Indian thought. FL Shcherbatsky believed that "phi lowophy 1s the strongest feature of India ntellectuahty™ “The study of Huds was not the ‘nly elucidate the history of mat sm of ancient Indi which was not very wellknown during his time. Inbis frucle ented "On the of vr in fia” (1927), the Ruy an scholar obverved thatthe matet- ration in India. was deeply 4m antiquity, He described the ‘major principles of the Charvakas’ materialist teaching. The text of his dtcefeaturestwoceceepts from Foshan thor’ works which contined extracts ‘hom olf manuscripts belonging to the imutetialst philosophers of ancient Aodia-manascripts which have not sut- sived i their entirety FL Shcherbatshysscientie witing was widely acclaimed even duting bis Metime. His name is very well known in fia as well. In his The Discovery of India Sawahatlal Nebru highly praised the scientife endeavours of the Russian scholar, D.N._ Shas ‘dedicated his book to hie in 1983. In the 1970s, D. Chattopadhyaya pubs lished the tecond edition ofthe Indologcal Research. W included the English translation of several OFF L Shcherbatsby, Inthe Preace to the publication, 0 Chattopadhyay is of the pupils and followers have contiibuted f reat deal to the study of Indian philosophy. Along with this, the fet sin the stay of new themes were taken—philosophy of the Middle ry ni Gandhi, 4 ty U. Reskvey, 3s po tne of iu chapters sastourphal pcs of Gandhian ‘Tong the analyse of the politcal det ecloieal uence of Cdn renin the book wa cera extent Ieaided several spect lormadations Shut Mahatma Gade ouiok as devotion to reiiows traditions, bs tnewtcean hie principle of om Slolence, ete) ate wed by Soviet Sehotas way. Ta the 1080, shor articles appeared wich Teatred the materia and {aiomalat tection to Indo plo Spica thought (MS. Teowshys theses on materia of ancient a, TV. Schon’ tes om iaterpretiog the category of mater” in Pa poe fophcal erature, te). The major tenets ofthe Charvakas’ ater Ateching weve nctbed la dead in the atcle"On Matera and Athe: tim in Ancient Inka” (90) by A. Kechetv He showed, onthe bas ut fever istncen taken fom psi {hy and felone, that ea of mate {Siu and aterm were no at al aen Tra buts onthe contrary, tree deipead among sme sectoas ofthe people Indian philosophy of the Me ‘Ages has eatured la the works of ‘Academician AP Baranskon(199)- 1953), an ontiow pecan mod en inion languages end aerrae la the l9Mor-I94on, he tamale, fom Mindi toto Rasian, two welAnown ‘wort: Tai Da’ Ramayona and La We Lat Prem Sager, Tove tal thomas wea sever arte ant the phnophcal ew ol ther ators reviled vakatic iokormate abet Tras ellral te f tat pes. In ence, inthe 192-1940 Soviet Soler id 2 peat deal 10 study the pibophical wetings of India, New theoretical and meto- lop priciptes of Indian studs, Beater aperince of hteical tad [hlonopbicalteearch condsted from the postions of Marsst Leinnt methodology, wider range of esearch themes, new basm for source mate tala played an important le {nthe study of developrsent of Ind ftalowphiesl thought and athe ete tion of the fist outines of tr tnd plaloophial proces of Ont tations a Hr be comme