Conditional 3

Conditionalul de tip 3 exprima o actiune din trecut (care nu s-a intamplat) ce ar

fi putut fi posibila, daca s-ar fi indeplinit o anumita conditie.
In propozitia secundara predicatul sta la timpul past perfect, iar in cea principala
avem constructia would + have + participiul (a treia forma a verbului).
Exemple:
I would have gone to the seaside if the weather had been fine. - As fi mers la mare daca vremea
ar fi fost buna.
If he had known the truth, he would have done things differently. - Daca ar fi stiut adevarul, ar fi
procedat altfel.
I would have stayed at home if it had rained. - As fi stat acasa daca ar fi plouat.

In loc de "would", putem avea alte verbe modale, precum "might" sau "could", astfel
avem constructiile: might + have + participiu sau could + have + participiu.
If he had gone to the garden, he might have met Mary. - Daca s-ar fi dus in gradina, poate ar fi
intalnit-o pe Mary.
If he had graduated high school, he could have gone to college. - Daca ar fi absolvit liceul, el ar fi
putut merge la colegiu.

Alte particularitati ale conditionalelor IF

• In afara de cele trei tipuri de conditional in engleza, mai putem intalni conditionala
0 (prezent + prezent) si conditionale mixte (o combinatie intre conditionala de tip 2 si
3).
If the temperature is below 0 degrees, the water freezes. - Daca temperatura scade sub 0 grade,
apa ingheata. (lucru cert)
If she had taken my advice, today she would be happily married. - Daca m-ar fi urmat sfatul,
astazi ar avea o casnicie fericita.
If he were not so amiable, she wouldn’t have been friends with him. - Daca el nu ar fi asa de
amiabil, ea nu s-ar fi imprietenit cu el.

• "if not" poate fi inlocuit cu "unless".

I won’t go shopping unless you come with me. (I won’t go shopping if you don’t come with me.)
- Nu merg la cumparaturi daca nu vii cu mine.
I wouldn’t have come unless you had invited me. (I wouldn’t have come if you not had invited
me.) - Nu as fi venit daca nu mai fi invitat.

• Propozitia circumstantiala conditionala poate fi inlocuita de un complement

circumstantial conditional, ce poate fi introdus de "but for".
But for her help, he would have been in other country. (If it had not been for her help, he
would have been in other country.). - Daca nu l-ar fi ajutat ea, el ar fi fost in alta tara.

• De obicei, in propozitia principala care este regent unei conditionale intalnim

verbul modal "will" la diverse timpuri (will / would / would have), acesta poate fi
inlocuit de alte verbe modale. Aceste verbe modale aduc nuante diferite fata de
"will".

- "Will" arata gradul de posibilitate cel mai ridicat dintre verbele modale.
If her brother is good, she will be very happy. - Daca fratele ei e bun ea va fi foarte fericita. (un
fapt aproape sigur)
- "May / might" arata tot posibilitate, dar la un grad mai scazut decat will.
If it were cloudy, it might rain. - Daca ar fi innorat, s-ar putea sa ploua. (dar nu este foarte sigur
ca va ploua)
- "Can / could" arata abilitatea.
If he had been there, he could have helped them. - Daca ar fi fost acolo, i-ar fi putut ajuta. (dar
nu stim sigur daca ar fi vrut, stim doar ca ar fi avut abilitatea de a-i ajuta)

• Pe langa exprimarea unei conditii, conditionala se poate referi si la o promisiune

sau o avertizare, in special in cazul conditionalei de tip 1.
If you behave yourself, I will buy you a toy. - Daca te porti frumos, iti voi cumpara o jucarie.
If you don’t work hard, you will get fired. - Daca nu muncesti din greu, vei fi concediat.