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PREFACE

The Mabalacat City College Research Manual for Undergraduate Students embodies the
intricate research manuals of every MCC Institute; it magnifies the selection guidelines,
fees, and processes of the research flow. This Research Manual paves the way into
innovation and adoption of more upgraded research procedures and techniques as this
College revamps its educational system.

This Manual will be revised accordingly as the policies of the College evolve and an
updated version will be available to the faculty in hard copies and soft copies via the MCC
website.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface i
Table of Contents ii
Institute’s Research 1
IASTE & IHTM 1
Thesis (IMRaD & IMFaD) 1
AB History Research 4
BS Bio Research 17
ICS 43
Capstone Project 43
IBE 53
Feasibility Study 53
Guidelines in Selection of Adviser 56
Guidelines in Selection of Statistician 57
Guidelines in Selection Grammarian 58
Guidelines in Selection Panelists 59
Guidelines for Proposal Defense 59
Guidelines for Final Defense 61
Guidelines for Selecting Best Thesis 62
Appendices
Appendix 1Advisory Committee Form 63
Appendix 2 Statistical Service Form 64
Appendix 3 Grammarian Service Form 65
Appendix 4 Research Proposal Rubric 66
Appendix 5 Final Defense Rubric 69
Appendix 6 Proposal Revision Notes 74
Appendix 7 Guidelines for References 75
Appendix 8 Fees 84
Appendix 9 List of Scopus 85
Appendix 10 Appointment Form of an Adviser 128
Appendix 11Appointment Form of a Grammarian 129
Appendix 12 Certification and Recommendation Form 130
Appendix 13 Invitation to Thesis Committee Form 131
Appendix 14 Appointment of a Statistician Form 132
Appendix 15 Plagiarism Run Request 133
Appendix 16 Report Evaluation II Form 134
Appendix 17 Report Evaluation III Form 135
Appendix 18 Report Evaluation IV Form 136
Bibliography 137

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 Thesis (IMRad & IMFaD)

CHAPTER 1: Background of the Study

This section contains the rationale regarding the need to conduct the research. Specifically, this
chapter contains the following sub-parts:
→ Introduction
This section provides the background and aim of the research to be conducted. This demonstrates
the in-depth understanding and knowledge of the researcher/s on the research problem
supported by the findings and recommendations from previous researches and literature.

→ Literature Review
This section contains the related literature and studies that are considered as relevant to the
present study. In writing the literature review, researchers should take note of the year the
literature was published, or the studies were conducted. A literature synthesis is included at the
end of the chapter which explains the difference/s between the reviewed studies or literature to
the present research problem.

→ Theoretical and/or Conceptual Frameworks

The purpose of this section explains the specific gap or problem the researcher/s found from the
previous researches. This section should also explain how the researcher will address this gap
narrowing to the specific purpose, problems, or objectives of the study.

The use of theoretical and/or conceptual framework depends on the research design to be used
in the study. Researches intended to develop theory, testing theory, or application of theory
utilizes the theoretical framework. Theory or theories that consider as the backbone/framework
of the study is explained in this section. While for non-theoretical research, a conceptual
framework is applicable. The conceptual framework explains the variable/s that are included in
the study based on the review of the literature.

→ Statement of the Problem or Research Objectives

Specific research problems or objectives are clear, logical, measurable, and feasible in terms of
human, material, financial, and time resources.

→ Significance of the Study

In this section, the researcher explains significance of the research. It emphasizes the area/s where
the output of the aforementioned is significant.

→ Scope and Limitations

This section explains the boundaries of the research problem in terms of the locale of the study,
respondents/participants/subjects, the period of the conduct of the research, and the factors that
are beyond the control or limitation of the researcher/s could affect the results of the study.

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 → Definition of Terms
This section defines the conceptual and operational definition of important terminologies that
appear in the study.

CHAPTER 2: Method
This section on methodology describes in detail how the study was conducted. It includes the
research design, research locale, the sample, instruments, the data collection procedure, ethical
considerations and data analysis procedure. Research design is a description of the conditions for
data collection and analysis. It may contain sub-sections such as the research design,
characteristics of the participants, sampling procedures, measurement approaches, etc. However,
in qualitative research, methodology may talk about the philosophical underpinning and the
qualitative tradition and design used in the study.
→ Research Design
Research designs are quantitative and/or qualitative. Examples of quantitative design are survey,
descriptive, and experimental designs. Examples for qualitative designs are ethnographic,
phenomenological, grounded theory, and case study designs.

→ Research Locale
This discusses the place or setting of the study. It describes in brief the place where the study is
conducted. Only important features which have the bearing on the present study are included.
Shows the target population.

→ Subjects/ Respondent/ Participants

o Subjects: are the people in the researcher's experiment - usually quantitative
research. (Example: in a medical experiment the control group of 10 subjects did
not receive the medicine, while the experimental group of 10 subjects received the
medicine.) A subject is a term used more in science. A subject is generally a more
passive term (Example: Ten subjects were given the behavior therapy.)
o Respondents: answer (respond/reply to) questionnaires - usually quantitative
research. Respondents generally answer (respond/reply to) the questions asked by
the researcher - no more, no less.
o Participants: participate and answer questions in qualitative studies (eg. interviews
and focus groups). Because qualitative studies are more in-depth than quantitative,
the participant in qualitative studies contributes more (is more active) than
respondents to a survey or subjects in an experiment. The participant generally
gives much more detailed answers than a respondent would in a survey.
→ Sample
This describes the sample profile, sample size and sampling procedure.
Describe the procedures for selecting participants, including (a) the sampling method, if a
systematic sampling plan was used; (b) the percentage of the sample approached that
participated; and (c) the number of participants who selected themselves into the sample.
Describe the settings and locations in which the data were collected as well as any agreements
made to participants.

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 → Instruments
A description of the adoption, construction, and administration of instruments should be included.
Instruments include tests, questionnaires, interview guidelines and/ or schedules, etc. Validity and
reliability of the instruments should be considered. Computers, apparatuses, devices, and
laboratory equipment’s used shall be described. In the case of complex or custom-made
equipment, a drawing or photograph is recommended.

→ Data Collection
The procedures followed in conducting the study should be explained in complete detail.
Techniques, devices, and procedures should be described. In case of experiments, this section
should include instructions given to the participants, the formation of groups, the experimental
manipulations, and control features in the design.

Any errors or weaknesses in the procedures that have been discovered during the conduct of the
research should be pointed out, and any consequent limitations upon the research results should
be fully noted. A flowchart showing the series of activities can effectively illustrate collection and
even data analysis.

Ethical Consideration
It is imperative that ethical issues are considered during the formulation of the evaluation plan.
Ethical considerations during evaluation include:
→ Informed consent means that the person participating in the evaluation is fully informed
about the evaluation being conducted. Participants need to be made aware of the purpose
of the project, who or what group is funding it, how the findings will be used, if there are
any potential adverse impacts of their participation and who will have access to the
findings. The main purpose of informed consent is that the participant can make an
informed decision as to whether they will participate in the evaluation or not. Additional
information should also be provided if the participant becomes distressed in any way
during their participation.
→ Voluntary participation means that people participate in the evaluation free from
coercion. Participants are free to withdraw their participation at any time without
negatively impacting on their involvement in future services or the current program and
relationships with any of the researchers or research bodies involved. It can be challenging
to encourage high risk youth to become engaged in a program and it is therefore difficult
when participants choose not to continue in a program. It is the right of participants to
leave a program of this nature at any time; therefore, no pressure should be placed on
those who choose not to continue. Explanations are also not required.
→ Do no harm, harm means can be both physical and/or psychological and therefore can
be in the form of stress, pain, anxiety, diminishing self-esteem or an invasion of privacy. It
is imperative that the evaluation process does not in any way harm (unintended or
otherwise) participants.
→ Confidentiality means that any identifying information is not made available to or
accessed by anyone but the program coordinator. Confidentiality also ensures such
identifying information is excluded from any reports or published documents. Given that

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 there are often small numbers in peer-based programs, it is very important to consider
how reports are worded to ensure that there is no opportunity for people to be identified
even though names are not used.

Anonymity is a stricter form of privacy than confidentiality, as the identity of the participant
remains unknown to the research team. This is more difficult to achieve than confidentiality as
participants in the context of social research are usually known to the program coordinator.
→ Only assess those components that are of relevance to the program/initiative being
conducted. High risk populations are sometimes being used as guinea pigs or a captive
audience to ask all sorts of questions in evaluations that are of interest to groups
conducting the program/initiative but not relevant to the program nor will be to the group
who are involved in the program. It is important to keep evaluations as simple as possible
and to remain focused on the intention of the evaluation and what the data gathered will
be used for.
→ Data Analysis Procedure may be quantitative and/or qualitative. Quantitative analysis
may include statistics (using the SPSS software) to be computed and a description of the
statistical methods used for testing the null hypotheses. This is done in quantitative
research designs. In qualitative research, methods of analysis from different traditions like
that of Colaizzi, Van Kamm, Giorgi, Yin, Strauss and Glasser can be used according to the
qualitative design each method fits. In qualitative analysis may supplement any
quantitative analysis used. Common statistical formulas shall not be listed.

CHAPTER 3: Findings/Results
This section of the research contains the data gathered which are necessary to answer the research
questions. When presenting the findings, the past tense is usually used since the actual gathering
of the data was already accomplished. The researcher may make use of tables or figures in
presenting his/her data, whichever is more appropriate for the type of data. Such tables and/or
figures need to be captioned properly to be better understood. Usually, for tables, the captions
are placed above it, while for figures, the captions are placed below. It is important to note,
however, that this section only contains the findings or the results without any explanation
whatsoever. Commentaries, interpretations, and analyses of the findings will be presented in the
next chapter.

CHAPTER 4: Discussion
In this section, the researcher will allot a significant portion to explain what the findings or results
mean in the context of the research. It is here where the researcher interprets the data and
analyzes them so that the reader gets to understand how they relate to the research, and finally
answers the research questions posited in the introduction. The researcher may cite other works
to support his/her assertions and strengthen the credibility of his/her generalizations.

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 AB History Research Manual

A History thesis is one of the major requirements in the completion of the AB History Program. It
is the culminating project, which highlight the essential skills that a graduate of the program must
possess. Through the thesis, the student shows that s/he is capable of locating sources of historical
data, subjecting the sources to internal and external criticism, and interpreting these data into a
meaningful narrative, among other skills. After only having proven such capabilities will s/he be
awarded the AB History degree. 
The manual contains various essential information students need to know in proceeding with their
thesis requirement. Presented and explained are the parts of the thesis, the format, the thesis
process, the thesis flow, supplemental requirements and reminders. By following the systematic
process, the student will be guided on how to go about the necessary procedures in
accomplishing the research. 

Contents  
1. Concept of Historical Research 
2. The Writing Process 
3. The Manuscript and Chicago Format 
4. Overview of the Thesis Flow 
5. Thesis Policies 

The Concept of Historical Research

A. Historical Research
Historical research is the systematic and objective location, evaluation and synthesis of evidence
in order to establish facts and draw conclusions about past events (Riello, 2009). It involves a
critical inquiry of a previous age with the aim of reconstructing a faithful representation of the
past. It enables researchers to explore and explain the meanings, phases and characteristics of a
phenomenon or process at a particular point of time in the past (Howell and Prevenier, 2001). The
main variable emphasized in this research is time and the essential aim is to identify appearances
of the chosen phenomenon in a temporally defined situation and environment (Shafer, 1974;
Grassby, 2005).

Historical research is a type of analytical research whose common methodological characteristics

include (Grassby, 2005; Dannehl, 2009; Riello, 2009):
1. review of primary and secondary data,
2. identifying a research topic that examines past events,
3. systematic collection and objective evaluation of data related to past occurrences with the
help of techniques of criticism for historical searches and evaluation of the information,
and
4. synthesis and explanation of findings using theories concerning causes, effects or trends
of these events that may help explain present events and direct future actions.

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Historical studies attempt to provide information and understanding of past events. The historical
method consists of techniques and guidelines where historians use historical sources and other
evidences to research and then write history.

Purpose of Historical Research

Conducting historical research serves a number of purposes for the academe and the community
it serves:
1. Historical research looks into what man has done so far. By identifying humanity’s
accomplishments, the researcher presents of what humanity is capable, thereby revealing
man’s identity.
2. Everything that man is experiencing at the present is a result of a certain phenomenon in
the past. Historical research brings to light the causes of such experiences and explains
whatever man is experiencing today.
3. Man cannot completely prepare for what the future may bring. However, he can avoid
mistakes made in the past and emulate successful strategies or techniques to accomplish
similar endeavors. Historical research provides insights such as these to facilitate the
continuous improvement and development of society.

Characteristics of Historical Research

Historical Research is not a mere accumulation of facts and data or even a portrayal of past
events.
1. HR is analytical in that it uses logical induction.
2. It has a variety of foci such as issues, events, movements and concepts.
3. HR records and evaluates the accomplishments of individuals, agencies or institutions.
4. HR deals with the discovery of data that already exists and does not involve creation of
data using structured tools.
5. It is a flowing, vibrant report of past events, which involve the analysis and explanation of
these occurrences with the objective of recapturing the nuances, personalities, and ideas
that influenced these events.
6. HR involves the process of collecting and reading the research material collected and
writing the manuscript from the data collected. The researcher often goes back-and-forth
among collecting, reading, and writing. i.e., The process of data collection and analysis are
done simultaneously and are not two distinct phases of research.

Approaches to the Study of History

According to Monaghan and Hartman, there are four major approaches to the study of the past:
a. Qualitative Approach is the search for a story inferred from a range of written or printed
evidence. The resultant history is organized chronologically and presented as a factual tale:
a tale of a person who created reading textbooks, such as the Biography of William Holmes
McGuffey (Sullivan, 1994) or the Lindley Murray Family (Monaghan, 1998) in the Western
context. The sources of qualitative history range from manuscripts such as account books,
school records, marginalia, letters, diaries and memoirs to imprints such as textbooks,
children’s books, journals, and other books of the period under consideration.

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 b. Quantitative Approach, in QA researchers intentionally look for evidence that lends itself
to being counted and presumed to have superior validity and generalizability. Researchers
seek to estimate the popularity of a particular textbook by tabulating the numbers printed,
based on copyright records. Quantitative methods emphasize objective measurements
and the statistical, mathematical, or numerical analysis of data collected through polls,
questionnaires, and surveys, or by manipulating pre-existing statistical data using
computational techniques.
c. Content Analysis, CA focuses on the text itself for the examination. This approach uses
published works as its data (in the case of history of textbooks, these might be readers, or
examples of the changing contents of school textbooks in successive editions) and
subjects them to careful analysis that usually include both quantitative and qualitative
aspects. Content analysis is particularly useful in investigating constructs such as race,
caste, etc.
d. Oral History, Qualitative, quantitative, and content approaches use written or printed text
as their database. In contrast, the fourth approach, Oral History, turns to living memory.
For instance, oral historians interested in women’s education could ask their respondents
about their early experiences and efforts in women’s education.
These four approaches are not mutually exclusive. Historians avail themselves of as many of these
as their question, topic, and period permit. This integration is possible because the nature of
historical research cuts across a variety of approaches, all of which commence with the recognition
of a topic and the framing of a question. In other words, although a historical study is qualitative
in nature, it can be approached in a quantitative manner or even a combination of other
approaches. The purpose can be mainly descriptive, aiming to understand some specific
development in a particular period of time in a particular culture, or it could be explanatory, trying
to test and accept / reject widely held assumptions or theories.

A historical investigation is conducted with objectivity and the desire to minimize bias, distortion
and prejudice. Thus, it is similar to descriptive method of research in this aspect. Besides, it aims
at describing all aspects of the particular situation under study (or all that is accessible) in its search
for the truth. Thus, it is holistic, comprehensive in nature and is similar to the interpretive approach.
Though it is not empirical in nature (does not collect data through direct observation or
experimentation), it does make use of reports (all the available written and/or oral material),
definitely qualifying it to be a scientific activity. This is because it requires scholarship to conduct
a systematic and objective study and evaluation and synthesis of evidence to arrive at conclusions.
In other words, historical research is scientific in nature.

Moreover, any competent researcher in other types of empirical studies reviews the related
literature to find prior researches and theoretical work done on a particular topic. This requires
studying journals, books, encyclopedias, and unpublished theses followed by the interpretation
of their significance.

These steps are common to empirical research and historical research. Thus, to some extent, every
researcher makes use of the historical method in his/her research.

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The Writing Process
The essential steps in conducting a Historical Research are:
1. Identify a topic/subject and define the problems/questions for investigation.
2. Search for sources of data.
3. Evaluate the historical sources.
4. Organize, analyze, and interpret the data / information.
5. Write the research report

1. Identify a Topic and Define the Problem

Research Themes
The first part of a research is identifying the problem. In historical research, the problems are
anchored on various themes that reflect the interest of the researcher. Archival materials,
documentary sources, published studies, books are some examples of reading materials that can
be a source of inspiration for a research theme/topic. The researcher may choose from any
historical theme for a topic/problem:
• Political history
• Economic history
• Social history
• Cultural history
• Military history
• Local history
• Institutional history
• History of sectors in society or social structures
• Religious history
In order to identify a significant research problem, Gottschalk recommends four questions to
answer, to identify the scope of the study, including but not limited to: the geographical area, the
number of persons involved, the time span, the number and kinds of human activities involved,
and the delimitation of the study.

• Where do the events take place?

• Who are the persons involved?
• When do the events occur?
• What kinds of human activities are involved?

B. Search for Sources of Data

Historical research may or may not include direct observation of events or persons. These
observations are obtained from several sources of historical data broadly classified into two types:

1. Primary Sources
PS refer to the “testimony” of any eyewitness present at the events of which he tells. A primary
source must have been produced by a contemporary of the events it narrates.” Primary sources
provide a description of a historical event produced shortly after the event happened. Examples

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of primary sources include newspaper reports, letters, public documents, court decisions, personal
diaries, autobiographies, artifacts and eyewitness’s verbal accounts.

Two Broad Categories of Primary Sources Data:

a. The remains or relics of a given historical period including photographs, coins,
skeletons, fossils, tools, weapons, utensils, furniture, buildings and pieces of art and
culture (object d’ art). These sources/relics prove very useful in providing reliable
and sound evidence about the past, delivering non-verbal information.
b. Those objects that have a direct physical relationship with the events being
reconstructed including documents such as laws, files, letters, manuscripts,
government resolutions, charters, memoranda, wills, newspaper reports,
magazines, journals, films, government or other official publications, maps, charts,
logbooks, catalogues, research reports, record of minutes of meetings, recording,
inscriptions, transcriptions and so on.
2. Secondary Sources
SS refer to testimonies describing the event though not actually present and who obtained his/her
descriptions or narrations from another person or source. Secondary sources do not have a direct
physical relationship with the event being studied. They include data which are not original.
Examples of secondary sources include textbooks, biographies, encyclopedias, reference books,
replicas of art objects and paintings and so on. The historical researcher needs to evaluate the
secondary sources for their validity and authenticity. Such secondary materials could include other
historian’s conclusions and interpretations, historical information, references to other secondary
and primary sources.

C. Evaluation of the Historical Sources

The data of historical sources is subject to two types of evaluation. These are: (A) external
evaluation or criticism and (B) internal evaluation or criticism.

• External Criticism of Data

External criticism regards the issue of authenticity of the data- is the source of data genuine?
Theoretically, the main purpose of external criticism is the establishment of historical truth.
Determine whether the document or the artifact is genuinely valid primary data. Look at problems
pertaining to plagiarism, alterations of document, insertions, deletions or unintentional omissions.
Establish authenticity of documents through carbon dating, handwriting analysis, identification of
ink and paper, vocabulary usage, signatures, script, spelling, names of places and writing style and
other considerations. In other words, answer questions about the nature of the historical source
such as “who wrote it?”, “Where?”, “When?”, “Under which circumstances?”, “Is it original?”, “Is it
genuine?”, and so on.
• Internal Criticism of Data
Having established the authenticity of the source of historical data, you may focus now on the
accuracy and worth of the data contained in the document. Be concerned with the meaning of
the written material. Answer questions such as what does it mean; what was the author attempting
to say? What do the words of the decision convey regarding the intent and the will of the count?
Is there any (unintended) misinformation given in the document? Is there any evidence of

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deception? and so on. Be very cautious so that you do not reject a statement only because the
event described in the document appears to be improbable.

D. Organization, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

Before beginning historical research, have a specific and systematic plan for the acquisition,
organization, storage and retrieval of the data. A general way of organizing data gathered is by
going back to the research questions specified. Place the information found under the specific
question by taking note of the answer and their bibliographical information. After finding
sufficient data to answer the question(s), reorganize the data to give a logical flow to the narrative.
Retain the context of the information and always use with careful citations direct and block
quotations.

• Note cards and Bibliography Cards

Prepare bibliography cards of size 3×5 inches for taking down bibliographical notes. A
bibliography card is valuable not only for gathering and recording of information but also for
locating it again at a future date. Such a card contains the essential information concerning a
bibliographical source. Keep plenty of such cards to record very valuable references encountered
unexpectedly. Take note of the document’s relation to the research.

On the other hand, a note card can be of size 4×6 or 5×7 inches for substantive notes. Place only
one item of information on each card. Give each card a code to indicate the place / question /
theme / period / person to which the note relates. Arrange the cards as per the question, theme,
period, place or person under study to make analysis easier. In other words, keep note cards in
multiple copies (e.g., in triplicate or quadruplicate) depending on the ultimate analysis of the data.
• Summary of Quantitative Data
Historical studies are chiefly qualitative in nature since the data obtained includes verbal and/or
symbolic material from an institution, society or culture’s past. However, when the study involves
quantitative data pertaining to the past events, the researcher needs to evaluate the relevance of
the data to the research because recording and analysis of quantitative data is time-consuming
and sometimes expensive. Examples of quantitative data in historical research include financial
and economic information such as budgets, income and expenditure statements, social indicators
such as population censuses and survey results, poverty rates, unemployment rates, and so on.
• Inferences and Interpretations of Historical Data
Interpretation of the facts in the light of the topic of research is necessary. This step requires
caution, imagination, ingenuity, insight and scholarliness. Make scientific sense out of the
multitude of data gathered for the analysis, synthesis and interpretation. Interpretation generally
involves a synthesis of data in relation to a hypothesis or question or theory rather than mere
accumulation or summarization. Fit the data into a logically parsimonious structure. Be clear about
the interpretative framework to be sensitive towards bias in other historical researchers’
interpretations who have conducted research on the same or similar topics.

Identify the motives of the people involved in the event under study while interpreting the data.
These motives may be multiple in nature and interact with each other, making interpretation of

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the data a difficult task. Various reasons may influence each other making the task of
interpretation of data difficult.

Make use of concepts from other social and behavioral science disciplines in analyzing
interpreting data. Some examples of such concepts may be bureaucracy, role, institution (from
sociology), leadership, institutional effectiveness (From management), culture (from
anthropology), motive, personality attitude etc. (from psychology) and so on.

Make use of the concepts of historical time and historical space while interpreting the data
like the use of a chronology of events where you identify the chain of events (chronology) of
substantive history and try to understand the meaning of these events, the relationship among
the events and the relationship of the events to the research topic. Using this concept may gain
increased insight into multiple events and their causes.

Historical space on the other hand deals with ‘where’ the event originated, spread or
culminated. This could provide a different insight into the meaning of the data.

The historical researcher can also use analogy as a source of hypothesis or as a frame of
reference for interpretation. Draw parallels between one historical event and other events. Be
aware of similarities, differences as well as exceptions while comparing two historical events,
otherwise, such an extrapolation will be unreliable. Avoid the risk of interpreting an event by
comparing it with another event in another culture at another time.

E. Writing the Research

Reports of historical research have no standard formats. The presentation of data analysis,
interpretations and findings depend on the nature of the problem. In writing, report historical
investigations with a combination of two or more of the approaches that follow:
1. Report the historical facts as answers to different research questions. Report answers to
each question in a separate chapter.
2. Present the facts in a chronological order with each chapter pertaining to a specific
historical period chronologically.
3. Write the research in a thematic manner where each chapter deals with a specific
theme/topic.
4. Make each chapter deal with a separate location.
5. Make each chapter pertain to a specific historical person.

Avoid the following Problems and Weaknesses in Historical Research

1. The research problem is too broad.
2. Research problem lack sources of data.
3. Dodge excessive use of easy-to-find secondary sources of data.
4. Pass up both-extreme generosity or admiration as well as extreme criticism.
5. Avoid statements of evidence influenced by the opinion of other participants/witnesses.
6. References are non-existent, inaccessible and the language used is unknown to the
researcher.

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 7. Eschew reliance on biased beliefs such as “old is gold” “new is always better” or “change
implies progress”.
8. Avoid unwarranted causal inferences arising on account of:
a. Oversimplification
b. Faulty interpretation of meanings of words
c. Inability to distinguish between facts, opinions and situations
d. Inability to identify and discard irrelevant or unimportant facts
e. Faulty generalization based on inadequate evidence
f. Faulty logic and reasoning in the analysis of data
g. Wrong analogy
h. Faulty comparison of events in similar cultures.
9. Avoid flowery or flippant language, emotional words, dull and colorless language or
persuasive style.
10. Avoid projecting current problems onto historical events as this is likely to create
distortions.

Criteria for Evaluating Historical Research

a. Problem
Is the problem clearly defined?
Is the problem capable of solution?
Is it within the competence of the investigator?
It is difficult enough to conduct historical research adequately, without adding to the
confusion by starting out with a nebulous problem.
b. Data
Are data of a primary nature available in sufficient completeness to provide a solution, or
has there been an overdependence on secondary or unverifiable sources?
c. Analysis
Has the relevance of the data been adequately explored?
Has the dependability of the data been adequately established?
d. Interpretation
Are his hypotheses plausible?
Has the hypothesis been adequately tested?
Does he display adequate historical perspective?
Does he take a sufficiently broad view of the total situation?
Does he see the relationship between his data and other ‘historical facts’? 
Does he maintain his objective, or does he allow personal bias to distort the evidence?
Does the author display adequate mastery of his data and insight into their relative
significance?
e. Presentation
Are his hypotheses plausible?
Has the hypothesis been adequately tested?
Does he display adequate historical perspective?
Does he take a sufficiently broad view of the total situation?
Does he see the relationship between his data and other ‘historical facts’? 

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 Does he maintain his objective, or does he allow personal bias to distort the evidence?
Does the author display adequate mastery of his data and insight into their relative
significance?
The Manuscript and Chicago Format
The Manual Format
• Font style is Times New Roman
• Alignment is Justified
• Font size is 12
• Titles/Headings are boldfaced and in capital letters
• Margins of the document are:
a. Top: 1” Bottom: 1”
b. Left: 1.5” Right: 1”
• Line spacing is Double-spaced
• No page borders

Three Parts of Historical Research

The Introduction
Where the main problem of the research is expounded. The gap in the body of historical
knowledge is established here. The identified gap is the main problem of the research. The student
elaborates this gap and confirms the feasibility of chosen topic. The introduction contains the
following components:
• Background of the study
• Statement of the Problem
• Significance of the study
• Scope and Limitation  
• Review of Related Literature  
• Research Methodology
• Theoretical Framework
• Research Outline

a. Background of the Study

In the background of the study, the researchers present the historical background of the topic,
events and circumstances in which the topic is related to. The researchers may choose to present
the immediate events leading to their chosen topic, or may start with a general event in which
their topic would fall under, or a commonly accepted interpretation of a historical event to which
their topic would delve in. This is done in order to make the readers aware of the gap in the body
of historical knowledge.

b. Statement of the Problem

In the statement of the problem, the researchers clearly and specifically state the main problem
of the research, and its breakdown into specific sub-questions. The specific sub-questions or
research questions are designed such that the aggregate answers will provide the answer to the
main problem devised by the researchers.

13
 c. Significance of the Study
In the significance of the study, the researchers present why the research should be undertaken,
why pursue the study and what will the study ensue.

d. Scope of the Study

In the scope of the study, the researchers state specifically what areas their research will deal with,
which aspect in the historical event will they talk about and what perspective will they use to
present it. They may also state aspects that are not included in the research but may be
erroneously assumed part of the work.

e. Review of Related Literature

In the review of related literature, the researchers survey existing literature relevant and connected
to the study. The works may include the sources (both primary and secondary) that will be used
for the research, studies made that are similar (but not exactly the same) to the research-at-hand,
and other related works. The review should answer what the work is about, how it is related to the
study, and what it does not say about the researchers’ topic that their study will provide.

f. Research Methodology
In the research methodology, the researchers present the procedures they will use in conducting
the study. Specifically, the researchers need to emphasize that the work is historical therefore it
will be descriptive-narrative and analytical in nature. Further, the researchers also note what
framework they will be using in analyzing and interpreting the data. They can also mention the
use of oral history as an additional methodology to supplement their data.

g. Theoretical Framework
In the theoretical framework, the researchers explain the elements of the framework they will use
in the analysis and interpretation of their data. They will explain the flow of the analysis process
in light of the theory that they will use and the application of the theory to their topic.

h. Research Outline
In the research outline, the researchers will explain the research division into chapters, usually with
each sub-question answered in one chapter. They will also describe and present how the study
will look like once it is accomplished. They will present a summary of the expected contents of
each chapter that makes up the manuscript.

The Body of the Research

The research body contains the bulk of the manuscript. It is the most voluminous part of the
research. Here, much of the narration happens since it is where the researchers present their
data in a descriptive-narrative manner. The answers to the sub-questions are given and explored
in the body, which is divided, into chapters and where each chapter corresponds to a sub-question
identified in the introduction. Ideally, the number of chapters that the manuscript will have
depends on the number of sub-questions derived from the main problem. The researchers must
bear in mind that since their work is a historical study, it must be presented descriptive-narratively,

14
and that their interpretation based on their chosen framework must be evident throughout the
body.

Since the Main problem is broken down into the specific sub-questions, thus, to arrive at the
answer to the main problem, the discussions involved in answering the sub-questions are then
synthesized, which composes the last part and the final chapter of the study. It is here where the
gap identified in the beginning of the study is filled. 

It is important to note that the analysis of the facts may happen in between the narration of the
facts, or at the end, after all facts have been given. There is no definite structure as to when the
analysis will be given, so long as the narrative-analytic aspect of the work is fulfilled.

The Synthesis of the Study

The synthesis contains the findings summarized and interpreted to answer the main problem. The
synthesis reveals the summing up of the main points in the research body, which will then be the
answer to the main problem. Here the researchers give their response to the query they posted
in the statement of the problem and present their answer in the gap they discovered. Here they
also present their final interpretation based on the framework they chose.

Chicago Style Formatting Guidelines

This guideline is adapted from Okanagan College History Department, San José State University
Writing Center and University of California Berkeley Library all of which uses The Chicago Manual
of Style, 16th edition and Kate L. Turabian’s A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and
Dissertations, 8th edition. 

The Chicago style, also called “Turabian” style after the author of its most authoritative
resource, A Manual for Writers, is a formatting and citation style guideline commonly used
in the fields of science and humanities. 

Direct Quotes
Direct quotes should be enclosed with double quotation marks if four lines or fewer in
length. Integrate quoted material into a sentence with a footnote, endnote, or parenthetical
citation at the end of the quoted passage. If you choose to include a parenthetical citation, the
author’s last name, the year of publication, and the page number of the quote should be listed. 

Block Quotes
A quotation of at least five lines or at least two paragraphs should be placed in block format
without quotation marks. Indent the entire quotation 0.5”—the same as a standard paragraph
indent. According to Kate L. Turabian’s A Manual for Writers, block quotes should be single spaced
(Turabian 2013, 349). Insert a blank line before and after the block quotation to separate it from
the rest of the text. 

Follow the block quote with a footnote or endnote as a superscript number at the end of the
quotation or use a parenthetical citation at the end of the quotation. If you choose to include a

15
parenthetical citation, you should provide the author’s last name and page number (as shown in
the below example). Unlike the parenthetical citation for an inline quotation, the parenthetical
citation for a block quotation does not require the publication year.

Citation Styles
The Chicago Manual of Style presents two-citation styles: notes-bibliography and parenthetical
citations-reference list also known as “author date” style. Notes-bibliography style is widely used
in the humanities and social sciences fields, while the parenthetical citations-reference list style is
used in the natural and physical sciences. 

Notes-Bibliography Style Basics

Footnotes and Endnotes
For footnotes and endnotes, place a superscript number after the source to indicate that a source
has been used, both for quotations and for paraphrased material. This superscript number will
refer a reader to the bottom of the page (for the footnote) or to the end of the document (for the
endnote).

Your citation material for both footnotes and endnotes should be indented as you would indent
a paragraph. Begin the note with its reference number (not using the superscript as you would in
the text of the document) followed by the author’s name in standard order, the title of the source,
the publication information, and the page number. If you cite the same source again later in the
document, you should shorten all future notes. The Digital Object Identifier (DOI) number should
be cited for a journal article, if available. If no DOI is available, include a URL instead.

Bibliography
In addition to the footnotes or endnotes, you will also list sources at the end of the document in
a bibliography. The bibliography page lists each source with author name, title of publication,
publisher information, and date. Note that pieces of information are separated by periods instead
of commas and that the name of an entry’s first author is listed in inverted order (i.e., last name,
first name); all other names are listed in standard order (i.e., first name last name). In
bibliographies, list all authors’ names.

16
 BS Biology Research Manual

Scientific Research
a. Definition
Science is the process of gathering, comparing, and evaluating proposed models against
observables. A model can be a simulation, mathematical or chemical formula, or set of proposed
steps.

Research, according to Merriam-Webster, is a careful study that is done to find and report new
knowledge about something. Generally, research is understood to follow a certain structural
process. The goal of the research process is to produce new knowledge, which takes three main
forms:
1. Exploratory research, which structures and identifies new problems
2. Constructive research, which develops solutions to a problem
3. Empirical research, which tests the feasibility of a solution using empirical evidence

Research is scientific or critical investigation aimed at discovering and interpreting facts. This
research uses the scientific method, a way of evaluating natural patterns and phenomena and
testing potential sources for causality and influence on measurable biological traits. This usually
comes in the form of defined methodological steps that include:
a. observation, the identification of a question or problem,
b. proposing a hypothesis and predictions,
c. experimenting or testing the proposed hypothesis,
d. evaluating the resulting data and comparing these data to previously published work on
the same or similar hypotheses, and
e. then disseminating the new synthesized findings through presentations and/or
publications. Because any single hypothesis may be tested in numerous ways and using a
variety of experimental systems or species, any individual study does not irrefutably
“prove” or “disprove” a hypothesis; thus, the results of an experiment are always discussed
as “supporting” or “not supporting” a hypothesis.

This research provides scientific information and theories for the explanation of the nature and
the properties of the world around us. It makes practical applications possible.

A primary task of a researcher is the communication of technical results to the broader scientific
community. Whether in written or oral form, scientific communication is a critical step in the
scientific method and is the key driver of movement within a scientific field. Therefore, the
construction of a written scientific manuscript must not be taken lightly since there are common
aspects of a well-constructed scientific manuscript that needed special attention to consider. It
should be noted that manuscripts that are successfully submitted to a journal for publication have
three main components:

17
 1. the overall idea;
2. the execution of the work; and
3. the presentation of the work.

B. Characteristics of a Good Scientific Research

Certain terms are very commonly used in research and the success of any research depends on
these terms. These terms determine whether research is free of biases, prejudices, and subjective
errors or not.
1. Reliability – is the repeatability of any research, research tool or procedure. If any research
yields similar result each time it is undertaken with similar procedures, it is reliable research
2. Validity – the strength in which we can make research conclusions. It determines the
applicability or suitability of the research
3. Accuracy – the degree to which each research process, instrument, and tool is related to
each other. It measures whether research tools have been selected in best possible manner
and research procedures suits the research problem or not.
4. Credibility – comes with the best source of information and best procedures in research.
Based on protocols or reliable information/data.
5. Empirical – based on observations and experiments on theories
6. Systematic – follows an orderly and sequential procedure
7. Controlled – all variables except those that are tested/experimented upon are kept
constant
8. Employs hypothesis – guides the investigation process
9. Analytical – there is critical analysis of all data so that there is no error in their interpretation
10. Objective and logical – all findings are logically based on empirical data
11. Employs quantitative or statistical methods – data are transformed into numerical
measures and are treated statistically. It also pertains to the measurability of the research
wherein each data or information of the objective or aims of the study can be measured.

C. Research Themes for Biological Research

Listed below are some suggested themes for a scientific research.
1. Pharmacology Researches
2. Environmental Analysis Researches
3. Ethnobotanical Researches
4. Nutrition and food production
5. Control of environmental pollution
6. Non-conventional sources of energy
7. Process technology
8. Microbiology
9. Natural pesticides/ insecticides
10. Agricultural productivity
11. Health and medicine
12. Waste management
13. Toxicology
14. Biophysics

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 15. Natural products
16. Environmental assessment
17. Biodiversity and conservation
18. Cellular biology
19. Molecular biology and engineering
20. Biotechnology
21. Balakat tree related researches (MCC-IAS research theme initiative)

D. Guidelines in Writing a Scientific Research Paper

I. Title
The title should be short and simple, but direct to the point and reflects the scientific content, and
not the nature of the assignment. Use descriptive words that would associate strongly with the
content of the paper. The reader should be able to tell, just by reading the title, what has been
done without having to read the paper. It should also be self-explanatory.

is more appropriate than “Lab Report 1” or “Bananas ‘n Scopes.”

The title is not a section, but it is necessary and important. The title should be short and
unambiguous yet be an adequate description of the work. A general rule-of-thumb is that the title
should contain the key words describing the work presented. Remember that the title becomes
the basis for most on-line computer searches - if the title is insufficient, few people will find or
read the paper.

Another example, in a paper reporting on an experiment involving dosing mice with the sex
hormone estrogen and watching for a certain kind of courtship behavior

Poor title:
Mouse Behavior

Why? It is very general and could be referring to any of a number of mouse behaviors.

Better title:
Assessment of Varying Levels of Estrogen on the Nose-Twitch Courtship Behavior in ICR
Mice (Mus musculus L.)

19
Why? Because the key words identify a specific behavior, a modifying agent, and the experimental
organism. If possible, give the key result of the study in the title, as seen in the first example.

Keep in mind as well that the scientific name is inside the parentheses and is not bold but is
italicized. Only the genus begins with an uppercase letter.

Similarly, the above title could be restated as:

Estrogen Stimulates Intensity of Nose-Twitch Courtship Behavior in ICR Mice (Mus
musculus L.)

Poor title:
A Biological Research on the Light and Temperature applied on Bacteria

The reader has no idea what methodology has been done on a vague title. The following is a self-
explanatory title:

Better title:
The Effects of Light and Temperature on the Growth of the Bacterium Escherichia coli

Here the title specifically states three things: the environmental factors that were manipulated
(light and temperature); the response of the organism that was measured (growth); and the
specific organism that was used (Escherichia coli).

Notice that scientific names of organisms are italicized in printed material. Only the genus begins
with an uppercase letter.

If several variables were used, stating all the specific factors that were manipulated are not needed.
For example, if several chemicals were used the following title would be acceptable:

Effects of Various Chemicals on the Growth of Escherichia coli

Always note that the title of the research should be always in an inverted triangle arrangement.
Refer to the examples below.

II. ABSTRACT
The abstract is a short summary of the study. It is a brief (usually no more than 250 words), one-
two paragraph synopsis of the entire research project. It should be a stand-alone entity from which

20
a reader can elucidate all of the main points of the research, thus allowing them to determine
whether reading the paper will be useful for them. Think of the abstract as providing one or two
sentences that summarize each of the subsequent main sections of the paper. Thus, it is often
easiest to write the abstract after the rest of the paper is completed. Specifically, the abstract
should clearly and concisely answer the following questions:
1. What is the broad problem, or knowledge gap that the paper trying to fill?
2. What is the specific purpose of the research in light of that knowledge gap?
3. What specific hypothesis or hypotheses will be tested?
4. Briefly, what was the general methodological strategy for testing that hypothesis?
5. What were the main results?
6. What are the broader implications of these results?

The Abstract is ONLY text. Use the active voice, when possible, but much of it may require passive
constructions. Write the Abstract using concise, but complete, sentences, and get to the point
quickly. Use past tense. Maximum length should be 150-250 words, usually in a single paragraph.

The Abstract SHOULD NOT contain:

a. lengthy background information,
b. references to other literature,
c. elliptical (i.e., ending with ...) or incomplete sentences,
d. abbreviations or terms that may be confusing to readers,
e. any sort of illustration, figure, or table, or references to them.

Although it is the first section of the paper, the Abstract, by definition, must be written last since
it will summarize the paper. To begin composing the Abstract, take whole sentences or key
phrases from each section and put them in a sequence which summarizes the paper in 1 or 2
paragraphs. Then set about revising or adding words to make it all cohesive and clear. Keywords

21
are added at the bottom of the Abstract with no more than 6 words that would give an idea of
what is included in the study. Refer to the example.

III. INTRODUCTION
The introduction provides broad context for the research (what is the “big picture?”), identifies the
specific hypotheses, and briefly outlines the methodological rationale for testing those
hypotheses. A well-written introduction typically leads the reader from broad to specific
information, presenting a convincing argument that the research is important and that the
approach employed is sound. The Introduction (or Chapter 1 in the manuscript) concisely
describes the purpose of the investigation and should tell the reader why this work was done. It
consists of the following parts:

A. Background of the study

B. Statements of the problem
C. Hypothesis
D. Significance of the Study
E. Scope and Delimitations of the Study
F. Definition of Terms

Guidelines in Refining the Topic for Scientific Research

➢ Describe the general question, problem or gap in our knowledge, and explain why it is
important to consider.
➢ Describe the contributions of other studies to addressing this question/problem. What is
the current state of knowledge on the subject, and what new knowledge is required?
➢ Describe the specific goal, which should be to fill one or more of the knowledge gaps that
have just been identified.
➢ If the purpose of the investigation is to learn about a specific biological entity (e.g., a
particular organ, organism, ecosystem, etc.) because it is important in and of itself, then
the presentation of broad context, above, will have already provided necessary
background, and then proceed to describing the hypotheses and strategy.
➢ On the other hand, there is an interest in investigating a general biological process (e.g.,
oogenesis, transcription in eukaryotes, optimal foraging by animals), the model system
chosen must be explained and justified. The model might be a traditional one such as
Drosophila or yeast, or a less traditional model such as birds or deciduous trees. If others
have used this system in a similar way, citation of these other studies supporting the claim
must be done.
➢ Briefly review past research on the problem with enough background information to orient
the reader (this is usually accomplished by a literature search of published materials).
➢ The background information included must be appropriately referenced.
➢ Discuss first the general problem or theory pertaining to the problem and then discuss the
topic more specifically to the group, species, or specific area being researched.
➢ Make sure that statements/ of the problem are measurable in which the answer for those
questions that arise from the study are measured by the experiments that will be

22
 conducted in the study. State the specific question(s) attempting to answer. Refer to the
examples.

Example 1:

Example 2:

➢ State the general method to be used, and how the investigation will help clarify or expand
the knowledge in the general area. One function of the Introduction is to briefly tell the
reader what to expect in the paper.
➢ The purpose and importance of the study should be clear and those who will benefit from
the study.

IV. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This Chapter highlights the literatures with relevance in the research wherein literatures can come
from many resources such as books, published journals, previous studies (unpublished theses),
periodicals, review magazines and even the web.

23
Focus on the primary research journals - the journals that publish original research articles.
Although some general background references (encyclopedias, textbooks, lab manuals, style
manuals, etc.) are acquainted with the subject area, do not cite these, because they contain
information that is considered fundamental or "common" knowledge within the discipline. Cite,
instead, articles that reported specific results relevant to the study (Citing Literature in the Text of
the Paper).

This section supports the study as a whole. What has been conducted, where it has been studied,
related species/other species of the genus that have been researched supporting the study, what
has been done and what is still lacking. Sometimes, a literature synthesis is included to sum up
the relevant literatures related to the focus of the study and to show what’s lacking from these
researches why the research will be undertaken.

It comprises of several parts: Related literature (from books or periodicals) and Related studies
(from published journals) which is further divided into foreign studies (internationally published
journals or studies that have been conducted in other countries) and Local studies (published and
sometimes unpublished researches within the country). In this section, citations of authors are
directed and their researches. Note that these literatures must be paraphrase or rephrase to avoid
PLAGIARISM and are in chronological arrangement from past to latest studies.

Examples:

For 1 author:
On the study of Martinko (2017) regarding the effect of the different concentrations of
Teak ethanolic leaf extract on the histopathology of male ICR mice as a potential hepatoprotective
agent revealed that ….

For several authors

Sahim, et al., (2010) conducted an inventory of freshwater gastropods on the Northwestern
slope of Mt. Arayat ….

Puyat, and colleagues (2012) investigated the heavy metal contamination and bioaccumulation of
lead, arsenic and copper in Manila Bay found out that ….

V. METHODOLOGY
This section is variously called Methods or Methods and Materials. It includes the research design,
materials and the methods.

The research design introduces the general idea of the type of research to be utilized – either
descriptive or experimental. It also presents the experimental design used in the study. For both
descriptive and experimental studies, this section presents the treatments or groups to be studied
in the research in table form with the description (see example below). A student should be
familiar with the basics of research as well as statistical methods which were undertaken in the
earlier year level.

24
The research material section presents the materials to be utilized for the conduct of the study.
These range from questionnaires to experimental animals, plant material, etc.

The research procedures section presents the chronological order of the methods or procedures
to be undertaken in the study in a concise and direct to the point manner. Keep the explanations
brief and concise. This section should be a straightforward description of the methods. It should
not be written as if it were directions in a laboratory manual; therefore, do not make a list of
materials, do not give instructions on how to do something, and do not recount the methods as
a sequence of events. Rather, focus on the experimental design.

For example, do not write:

“For this experiment you will need the following equipment: six petri plates, one liter of agar, and
one inoculating loop. First pour agar into the six petri plates, then inoculate the plates with a fungus
using the inoculating loop. Then you put the plates into the incubator.”

An acceptable manner to convey the same idea as above is:

“Six petri plates were prepared with agar, inoculated with an inoculating loop, and placed in the
incubator for 10 hours at 37oC.”

This strictly uses and applies standard protocols that are being utilized and practice by scientific
researches and may or may not modified according to the research. Protocols are strictly followed
to ensure the reliability of the data to be gathered and are cited within this section. These methods
are employed to obtain data that answer the different objectives of the study. Finally, remember
to describe the statistical analysis methods that were utilized to analyze the results, most likely in
the final section of the Methods section.

VI. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Results
The goal of the results is to describe the analytical results, supported by relevant statistical
information and figures and/or tables clearly and concisely. The data itself should be presented in
tables and figures. Introduce each group of tables and figures in a separate paragraph where the

25
overall trends and data points of particular interest are noted. It should indicate the placement of
a particular table or figure in the text. For experimental studies, key statistics such as the number
of samples (n), the index of dispersion (SD, SEM), and the index of central tendency (mean, median
or mode) must be stated. Include any statistical analysis that was performed, and make sure to
indicate specific statistical data, such as p-values. State the results in simple, declarative
statements of what the analyses revealed.

Statistical information should only be reported once to avoid redundancy. Never report the same
information in both the paragraph and in a table, nor in both a table and a figure. Readers
will be confused if they see the same information multiple times.

Data are generally organized into tables and/or figures (graphs). Tables must have a table
header (above the table) and figures must be accompanied by a caption (below the figure).

A Results section that includes only a table or a figure and no text is not acceptable. Text must be
given first, before tables and figures on a page. Unreduced, not summarized, or “raw” data should
not be included. It is not appropriate to include redundant data and the same data should not be
included in both table and figure form; rather, the data should be shown in the format that is most
clear for the particular type of data collected and analyzed.

The text of the Results section should describe the results presented in tables and figures and call
attention to significant data discussed later in the report. Do not repeat what is already clear to
the reader from reviewing the tables and figures, which, if well-constructed, will show both the
results and experimental design. A portion of the results text might read as follows:

“The number of bacterial colonies increased up to 40ºC, but decreased at higher temperatures
(Figure 1). The greatest amount of growth occurred between 35° and 40°C.”

In this example, Figure 1 refers to the graph in which the data are presented. In the same sentence,
the author says something about the data and refers the reader to the appropriate figure. The
figure (graph) may contain numerous data points (e.g., number of bacterial colonies at 1º C
intervals from 0º to 60º C), but the author did not bore the reader with a description of each.

Rather, generalizations are made concerning the relationships shown by the data, which the figure
illustrates (“a picture is worth a thousand words”).

Use of Tables and Figures

Tables and figures summarize data in a form that allows the reader to easily see any correlations,
relationships, or patterns that are important. Tables are made when it is important that specific
values are shown (i.e., means, standard deviations, standard errors, etc.). Figures are made when
it is more important to shown trends or relationships of data. Certain requirements, however, must
be met:

26
 1. Refer to the tables as Tables; refer to all other items (graphs, pictures, drawings, maps, etc.)
as Figures.
2. When including a table and/or figure, the study must refer to it in the text. For example,
consider the following sentence:

The results of the temperature experiment are in congruence with the study of… (Figure 1).”
This sentence tells the reader that all the pertinent data are to be found in Figure 1 and to refer
to the figure while reading.
3. Independently number tables and figures. For example, in a paper containing two tables
and two figures, number the tables Table 1 and Table 2, and the figures as Figure 1 and
Figure 2.
4. Assign tables and figures their respective numbers on the basis of the order in which first
mention them in the text. The first table mentioned is Table 1, the second is Table 2, etc.
The same applies for the figures.
5. Tables and figures can either follow as closely as possible the actual page on which the
table or figure is mentioned in the text. Ask the instructor for their preference.
6. All tables must have headers and figures must have self-explanatory captions. The rules
for composing the headers and captions are the same as for composing the title of the
paper. The reader should be able to look at a table or figure and by reading the caption
know exactly what was done in that part of the experiment without having to read the text
for an explanation. If appropriate, the sample size should also be included.
7. All tables and figures should include the units of measurement used (grams (g), meters
(m), seconds (s), etc.). Otherwise, the data are meaningless. All columns in a table and both
axes (X axis and Y axis) of a graph must be independently labeled including units. Units
are usually included parenthetically in axes labels. For instance, an appropriate axis label
may be: Time (min).

8. Headers for tables are always placed above the table, and captions for figures are always
placed below the figure. Refer to the examples given.

27
Discussions
The discussion is where the results are explained in plain language, interpreting them both in the
context of the original hypotheses and of previously published work. The results are also likely to
point to new avenues of research.

28
Do not simply restate the results in the discussion; instead discuss the key findings and their
biological significance. The organizational structure of a good discussion is a mirror image of that
presented in the introduction. The narrative will proceed from specific interpretations of the
results in light of the hypotheses, all the way to implications for the broad context with which the
introduction begun. To construct a well-written discussion the following are guidelines:

Interpret the results of the analyses in light of the questions/hypothesis

• Reiterate the main findings in plain language (i.e., describe the main outcome(s) of the
analyses).
• Discuss whether these results support or refute the hypotheses.
• Discuss whether the results are consistent with what others have found if similar
experiments/studies exist. If they are consistent, then the results represent a general
principle, and aren’t specific to the limited conditions of the experiment. If they are not
consistent, propose some explanations for the discrepancies.

Do not simply attribute unexpected results to human error

• Generate and discuss alternate hypotheses to explain the results.
• Discuss any limitations or shortcomings to the research approach, and how might these
be remedied in future studies.

Discuss remaining/newly open questions

• Often, some or all of the results might contradict the expectations, or lead to more
questions that might be the subject of further experiment. Discuss any such situations and
suggest ways to possibly clarify the issues with further work. It’s important to remember
that a particular hypothesis is tested over a very limited set of conditions in a single
species—thus, generalization to all species, and all resource levels from the single study
cannot be done. The best way do is draw conclusions from the studies own limited
experiment, and then relate it to the findings of others. In other words, where should the
research go from here?
• If others have done similar studies and the results contradict theirs, discussion of why the
results differ must be done.

Results and Discussions are not separate sections rather they are together wherein this chapter
(Chapter 4 Results and Discussion) provides the data and the interpretation of these data with
supporting literatures and studies. This is also the reason for the review of related literature
sections since discussions citing studies comes from this. Refer to the examples on the next page.

Example 1:

“Figure 1a presents the inhibition percentage of ear edema after 1 hour of treatments administration.
The graph shows the percentage of inhibition in four treatments, T0 (distilled water) have 0.56%, T+
(diclofenac sodium) have 25.83%, T1 (50mg/kg leaf extract) have 46.27% and T2 (100mg/kg leaf
extract) have 28.21%. Statistical analysis using one way ANOVA result shows a P value of 0.0001

29
which is less than 0.05. This indicates that there are at least one or more treatments that have
significant difference with each other. Followed by the Tukey’s multiple comparison test to verify the
treatments that have significant difference with each other. The (****) indicates that the two
treatments have highly significant difference with each other and (**) indicates very significant
difference with the two treatments. T0 vs T+, T0 vs T1, T0 vs T2, T+ vs T1 and T1 vs T2 have highly
significant difference with each other while T+ vs T2 have very significant difference with each other.

As noticed from the results, the inhibition percentage of each treatment varies and an obvious
difference among treatments is observed. It also shows that T0 is the least effective and T1 as the
most effective anti-inflammatory agent. Though edema inhibition is quite observable in three
different groups (T+, T1 and T2), the percentage of inhibition was still minimal because the first or
initial phase of acute inflammation is happening. According to Onofrio (2013), during the first phase
of acute inflammation, the blood vessels dilate. During this phase, the injured area specifically the
ear shows redness and mice feel heat in that area. Also, Ma et al., (2013) stated that initial phase (0-
1h) is attributed to the release of serotonin, histamine, bradykinin and substance P. It is suggested
that administration of the treatments is not fully penetrated due to the overlapping of anti-
inflammatory and pro-inflammatory mediators.”

Example 2:

“Presented in Table 2 are the mean/average results of the weight of the right ovary of female ICR
mice. The water alone group obtained a mean of 0.056 mg which was the highest among the
treatments followed by L-taurine having 0.043 mg and 0.040 mg for 50% extract. The fourth highest
was the 25% extract which possessed 0.033 mg, 75% extract having 0.026 mg, 100% extract which
revealed 0.021mg and the lowest was the MSG treated group which have 0.019 mg. The occurrence
of such drastic decrease in the organ weight was caused by some underlying cytoarchitecture
distortion most of it driven by the oxidative stress induced by MSG this was supported by the results
of Ilegbedion et al., (2013) and Ewaka et al., (2011).”

30
VII. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The Summary section briefly summarizes the study with its findings in 1 or 2 pages concise and
direct to the point. It does not have to include the numerical data gathered from the study.

The Conclusions section reiterates in a brief but concise manner the findings of the study. It does
not have to clarify if the hypotheses made in the study were accepted nor rejected since these
were already explained in the Results and Discussion section.

Remember that the Conclusions section presents the major results in congruence to the
statements of the problem from the Introduction (Chapter 1) as these answers the latter.

The Recommendations Section shows the future directives and researches based on the study. It
includes statements, proposals and suggestions that were not included or undertaken in the study
due to limitations that can be considered to be done in succeeding researches.

VII. BIBLIOGRAPHY
This section presents the references and cited literatures used in the manuscript. These include
books, published and unpublished journals, dictionaries and encyclopedias, periodicals and
website references.

IX. APPENDICES
This section presents all the pertinent raw data gathered from the study. These range in order of
presentation of raw numerical data, statistical analysis data tables, ANOVA tables, maps (if
applicable), certifications, letters, and receipts. These are included with headers. Refer to the
example below:

31
X. PLATES
This section presents the pictorial documentations that support the conduct of the study. Here
pictures are given brief present tense captions to provide information on each photo.

XI. CITING LITERATURE IN THE TEXT OF A SCIENTIFIC PAPER

Whenever information is mentioned that is not common knowledge or was not obtained
personally (through experiments or observations), a reference must be included to indicate the
source of that information. Failure to cite the work of others not only does not give proper credit
to the researchers, but is considered plagiarism.

There are several ways that references can be cited in a scientific paper. Format is described here.
Scientific papers usually do not use footnotes (so do not). Following, there are several examples
of appropriate ways to cite scientific publications in the text of the paper:

For a single authored publication, the following are suggested:

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“Most of the information in this guide on how to write a scientific research report originally appeared
in Gubanich (1985).

Purple flowers are often pollinated by yellow-tailed bats at higher latitudes (Martinez 2001).”

For two authored publications, these are appropriate in-text citation formats:

“Some birds are primarily insectivorous and probably obtain all the water they need from the body
fluids of the insects they eat (Jones and Smith 1963).

Johnston and Peters (2014) also showed that pigs sometimes vomit after eating pickled yams.”

However, use the later way of referencing sparingly, as the information is the most important part
of the sentence, not the authors.

If three or more authors wrote a single reference (such as Oksche, Farner, Serventy, Wolff and
Nichols 1963), the citation is abbreviated as follows:

“The zebra finch was found to differ in these respects from the species observed in this study (Oksche
et al. 1963).”

In this case only the last name of the first author is used, followed by the abbreviation et al. Both
are Latin; et means “and” and al. is an abbreviation meaning “others” (hence, “and others”).

When this reference is listed in Literature Cited, however, all the authors must be included. If
reference to more than one publication is required in the same sentence, place the citations in the
appropriate parts of that sentence, as shown below:

“Although not all birds have to drink water (Jones and Smith 1963), there are numerous exceptions
(Taylor 1964, Smith and Smith 1968, Altert et al. 1969). The metabolic rate of the species seems to
play a role (Harrigan 1965) as well as the food source (Montegomery and Landers 1966).”

XII. THESIS PREPARATION AND DEFENSE GUIDELINES

A thesis is a major requirement for graduation for the students of the Institute of Arts, Sciences
and Teacher Education.

IASTE students prepare their preferred study or topic for their theses in the Research course, for
AB History on the 1st semester of their senior year and for BS Biology on the 2nd semester during
their junior year. Topics for research or thesis are carefully scrutinized by the Research Instructor
with the Thesis committee which comprises of the Panel members, the Chair (usually the program
head or dean) and the Adviser.

33
A thesis Adviser is assigned by the Research Instructor to each student as soon as they come up
with their research problems.

The research topic, as much as possible, should be in consonance with the institution’s vision,
mission and goals or to the local, regional or national research and development thrusts.

For AB History students, the writing proper and title defense will commence in the first semester
of their senior year. Gathering of data and final defense will be completed on the 2nd semester.
Additionally, students may opt to write their thesis in Filipino.

For BS Biology students, the research is a 3-semester load. Thesis 1 or Research Writing 1 is on
the 2nd semester of their third year which is primarily for the organization of the body
(Introduction, Related literature and Methodology) of the proposed research or thesis title and
subsequent proposal defense.

Thesis 2 or Research Writing 2 is for the proper conduct of the experiment which is on the 1st
semester of their senior year and Thesis 3 is for the final oral defense of the outputs and data
gathered on the 2nd semester.

Proposal Defense
The student prepares his/her manuscript with the approved title that includes the introduction
and background of the problem, objectives and methods on how to conduct the study which will
be examined by the panel which includes the Research Instructor and 2 or 3 critics (depending on
the program) with the expertise on the research topic. Format in writing the manuscript is
followed. Procedure is outlined on the Thesis Procedure page.

Components of the BS Biology Thesis

• Chapter 1 Problem and background of the study
o Introduction
o Statement of the problem
o Significance of the Study
o Hypothesis of the Study
o Scope and Delimitation of the Study
o Definition of Terms (difficult terms used in the study)
• Chapter 2 Review of Related literature
o Related Literature
o Related Studies
▪ Foreign studies
▪ Local studies
▪ Literature Synthesis
• Chapter 3 Methodology
o Research Design
o Research Materials
o Research Methods

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 • Results and Discussions
• Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
• Bibliography
• Appendix
• Plates
• Curriculum Vitae

Conduct of Thesis
After the approved proposal, the student may start conducting his/her research under the
guidance of his/her officially appointed adviser. Procedure is outlined on the Thesis Procedure
page.

In case of an incomplete, incompetent results or plagiarized research that may have been
observed from the thesis during the final defense, a deliberation of the panel will be conducted.
Status of the student for graduation depends on the decision of the majority of the panel (See
Thesis Policies).

Data gathered should be dealt with (for BS Biology) proper statistical treatment in consultation
with the Statistician of the institute or other institute of the College.

After gathering of data and preparation of the final paper scrutinized by the Adviser, the student
prepares for the final defense.

Final Defense
A student who has finished conducting his/hers thesis, scrutinized by the Adviser, will submit a
final defense application to the Research instructor, with copies of the final manuscript for the
Thesis Committee 1 week before the scheduled defense. Procedure is outlined on the Thesis
Procedure page.

Before the submission of the manuscript for final defense, the manuscript should undergo a
plagiarism scan as a proof of original work securing a certificate with a percentage not more than
10%. In the event that a percentage more than 10% is obtained, the student will not undergo the
final defense unless revisions will be made until the required plagiarism percentage is acquired
(See Thesis Policies).

A scheduled defense will not proceed unless the majority of the panel request for a postponement
or rescheduled due to any of the reasons below:
a. The Chair or any member of the Panel upon checking the manuscript prior to proposal
defense of the student deemed that the direction of the paper is going astray; it will
undergo another proposal defense.
b. The research design is questionable.
c. The student is not present.

35
 d. Unavailable room for defense.
e. Occurrence of natural calamities.

Grading System
The rating or grading of the proposal or final oral defense shall be based on a rubric provided by
the Research Instructor from the critics and performance in the Research course.

Post Final Defense Requirements

After the successful oral defense, the student revises the manuscript according to the comments
and suggestions of the panel. The final revised manuscript must be checked by Adviser then by
the English critic and will undergo a final plagiarism scan (See Thesis Policies).

Before printing and bookbinding, the manuscript, a final approval form should be accomplished
and duly signed by the Adviser, Panel Members, Statistician (if statistical tools have been utilized
in the study), English Critic, and Program Head.

Copies of hardbound theses will be submitted to the following:

• Research and Extension Office
• Library
• Institute (See Thesis Policies)

Best Thesis
Each program shall have a best thesis award to be given during the Crème dela Crème and
eventually at the graduation ceremony.

The Thesis instructor will choose candidates for best thesis based on the oral defense grade and
performance in the Research course.

The candidates will eventually present their work during the Institute of Arts and Sciences
Research Colloquium in which invited external evaluators who specialize in the area will examine
the work based on the criteria set forth for best thesis.

The best thesis award will be given to the student who performed exceptionally during the oral
defense and Research Colloquium.

XIII. COMPOSITION OF THE DEFENSE PANEL

The Panel
All researches are carefully examined by a group of critics or panel. The panel is a group of 4-5
people chosen for their expertise based on the research proposed by the student. Below is the
structured panel for each program with their specified roles:
• Research Instructor
• Thesis Adviser
• BS Biology Program Head
• 2 Internal Critics/faculty with expertise on Biological Sciences

36
The Research Instructor
The research instructor is a faculty of the Institute of Arts and Sciences with master’s degree in
his/her field of specialization who have already conducted and presented research papers national
and international. He/she guides the students in coming up with their research titles and paper
and appoint the prospective adviser and panel for the oral defense of the student.

The Thesis Adviser

The adviser is a faculty of the Institute of Arts and Sciences with master’s degree in his/her field
of specialization who have already conducted and presented research papers national and
international. The adviser has the overall responsibility of guiding the students in completing their
thesis. The following are the duties of the thesis adviser:
1. Overall supervision of research of the students. The participation of the adviser starts
at the proposal stage up to the manuscript’s final revision stage. The adviser should
regularly confer and meet with his or her advisees. The adviser may suggest the following,
but not limited to, 1) research topic, 2) framework, and 3) methodology. The thesis adviser
must also have adequate time available for advising the students. More so, s/he must be
able to provide continuing feedback to a) the students’ progress and development
regarding the project and b) to the subject area coordinator.
2. Checking errors and required corrections of the manuscript. The adviser may also
continuously check technical and grammar errors. Also, the adviser may give the students
the directions on the proper format of the written output as well as statistical aspects of
the study
3. Technical supervision in the writing of the research proposal. The adviser should be
physically present during the proposal defense. Should the written defense be observed,
the adviser should constantly monitor the progress of the manuscript.
4. Setting the deadlines for their advisees. The deadline is within the discretion of the
adviser; however, paramount consideration should be made regarding institutional
deadlines. The adviser should evaluate first whether the manuscript is ready for defense.
5. Endorsement of the manuscript for final defense. Once the adviser deems the
manuscript ready for defense, s/he should affix her signature in the approval sheet, thereby
recommending the student for examination. The determination whether or not a
manuscript is ready for defense is within the sound discretion of the adviser. The adviser
should be present during the final defense. Should the written defense be observed, the
adviser should constantly monitor the progress of the manuscript.

XIV. THESIS WRITING PROCESS

1. Students should provide three titles each to the thesis instructor. From which one
approved title will be given to the student to work on by filling out the Research Titles
Form.
2. Once an approved title has been identified, the student will work on his/her manuscript
consulting his/her Research Instructor. After which advisers will be appointed by the
Research Instructor. Consequently, the student will be endorsed to the adviser. For BS

37
 Biology, students must work on the chapters 1-3 (Introduction, Review of Related
Literature and Methodology) and bibliography of the manuscript.
3. The student must regularly consult their Adviser regarding the research problem, the
manuscript, and even during the course of the conduct of the research. The Thesis Writing
Progress Report and Consultation Form will be used as evidence and for grading purposes.
Failure of the student to consult to the adviser, see Thesis Policies regarding Advisership
and Panel.
4. Once the manuscript is complete and ready for proposal defense, members of the panel
will be appointed by the Research Instructor with corresponding appointment form. An
endorsement form will be submitted by the adviser to the Research Adviser for oral
presentation. A schedule of the proposal oral defense will be set up in which each student
will be providing 5 copies of the manuscript endorsed by the adviser along with the Notice
of Proposal Defense form to the members of the panel one (1) week before the scheduled
oral defense. Failure to submit copies of the manuscript 1 week before the scheduled
defense will render the student unable to undergo their schedule proposal defense. See
Thesis Policies regarding Oral Defense.
5. Oral presentations will be held at Mabalacat City College where members of the Panel will
address their questions, comments, insights, and suggestions to the students through the
Panel Suggestion and Recommendations form Proposal Defense. Grading rubric will be
provided by the Research Instructor.
a. Should the any of the members of the Panel assigned cannot come during the
activity, they are asked to give through email the grading sheet and Panel
Suggestion and Recommendations form Proposal Defense (IAS Research Form no.
06) with their decision if the students’ paper is acceptable or not acceptable.
b. Each student will be given 15-20 minutes to present their proposed research while
the readers will be given 10-20 minutes to address their comments and
suggestions.

6. The grading rubric will be returned to the Research Instructor who will also act as the
moderator of the defense for every session.
a. In the case of a parallel session for oral defense, a student moderator will be
appointed by the Research Instructor and the latter will oversee the program.
7. After the proposal defense, the student will be informed if the research is accepted or not.
If accepted, student shall proceed to the methodology/experimentation proper. If rejected,
the student will be given 1 week to identify and prepare another research problem to be
presented orally. An oral defense will be rescheduled by the research instructor.
8. Once the methodology/ experimentation/data gathering proper has ended and the
manuscript has been prepared with endorsement from the Statistician (if study made use
of statistical designs), the Adviser will notify the Research Instructor via the Final Oral
Defense Endorsement form (IAS Research Form no. 08) and student shall undergo a final
defense. Research Instructor will schedule a final defense and copies of the final
manuscript will be prepared along with a Notice of Final Defense form (IAS Research Form
no. 09) to be forwarded to the members of the Panel one (1) week before the scheduled
final defense.

38
 9. For a final defense, manuscripts must have undergone necessary revisions and plagiarism
scans (See Thesis Policies).
10. Final Oral Defense presentations will be held at Mabalacat City College where members of
the Panel will address their questions, comments, insights, and suggestions to the students
through the Panel Suggestion and Recommendations form Final Defense.
a. Should any of the members of the Panel assigned cannot come during the activity,
they are asked to give through email the grading sheet and Panel Suggestion and
Recommendations form Final Defense with their decision if the students’ paper is
passed or not.
b. Each student will be given 15-20 minutes to present the results of the study while
the readers will be given 10-20 minutes to address their comments and
suggestions.
c. If the paper passed, the student should work on the final suggestion and
recommendations given by the Panel. If the paper needs major revisions or
reconduct of the study, see Thesis Policies for guidelines.
11. The grading rubric must be returned to the Research Instructor after the oral presentations.
12. Students must incorporate the comments and suggestions of their respective advisers and
the Panel to their manuscripts. One week will be given to the students to accomplish this.
13. After one week, the manuscript will be checked by the adviser for the revisions. Paper will
also undergo grammar check. Once the final manuscript is ready, final plagiarism scan will
be done (See Thesis Policies).
14. After the plagiarism scan, in which the paper acquired at least 10% or less score, and
needed revisions were made (e.g., from adviser, research instructor, grammarian and
statistician), book bind of the paper will follow. Required attachments are also added (refer
to the Attachments and forms page). Number of book bind copies, soft copies and other
requirements are indicated on the next page for both AB History and BS Biology. Deadlines
are to be announced by the Research Instructor and are strictly implemented.
15. Grades and enlistment to the graduation list will be final once the Institute Research
Clearance has been accomplished.

XV. BS BIOLOGY THESIS TECHNICALITIES

• Font style is Courier New. Justified.
• Font size is 12.
• Body is not in bold face.
• Titles/Headings are boldface
• Chapter numbers are in sentence-case while chapter titles are in capital letters. Refer to
the figure below.

39
 • Margins of the document are:
Top: 1” Bottom: 1”
Left: 1.5” Right: 1”
• Spacing is 2. With green border. Soft copy will be to be given by the Research
Instructor.
• Each chapter should have an introductory paragraph to present the chapter. Refer to
the figure on the other page.

• Sentence format for the proposal defense is future tense while for the final defense,
since the study has already been conducted, sentence format is past tense.
• Hard bound jacket is White.
• Three (3) copies are submitted for the library, institute and research office.

XVI. THESIS POLICIES

Below are the following policies to be observed over the course of the thesis writing.

Plagiarism
• A plagiarism scan is strictly required before the presentation of the final output. It is a
requirement before the adviser could recommend the student for final defense. Before the
submission of the manuscript for final defense, the manuscript should undergo a
plagiarism scan as a proof of original work securing a certificate with a percentage not
more than 10%. In the event that a percentage more than 10% is obtained, the student
will not undergo the final defense unless revisions will be made until the required
plagiarism percentage is acquired. Refer to the following:
o The manuscript should undergo a plagiarism scan before the final defense and
after the final defense.
o The manuscript should undergo the plagiarism scan before the final defense. In
the event that the percentage exceeds 10%, student cannot be scheduled for final
defense, and they will be given one week to revise/prepare the manuscript.
o After the final defense, when all comments and suggestions are incorporated,
another plagiarism scan should re-check the manuscript. But if the final manuscript
did not meet the 10% acceptable percentage and deadline, the student will have
an incomplete status with one year to comply.
Oral Defense

40
 • Students must submit the manuscript one week prior the schedule oral presentation to
the members of the Panel for proposal and final defense. If the student failed to meet with
the strict implementation of the one-week submission, they will not be scheduled for a
defense. For final defense, if this is not met, consequences are on the discretion of the
research instructor provided; the deadline for the final grade submission will be met.
Otherwise, incomplete and has one year to comply.
• Students who are unable to defend the study properly will get a failing grade and needs
to re-enroll the course to graduate.
• Students who are unable to conduct the study will obtain a failing grade.
• If a student conducted the experiment but is unable to present the gathered data will
obtain an incomplete grade and has one year to comply.
• A student can only present once for the redefense, otherwise, incomplete status with one
year to comply.
• Re-conduct and re-defense status are on the discretion of the panel provided; the deadline
for the final grade submission will be met. Otherwise, incomplete and has one year to
comply.
• The panel for the proposal and final defense is the same.

Advisership and Panel

• The adviser for a BS Biology student is required to attend the defense (proposal and final)
otherwise, the defense will not proceed or will be rescheduled. Defense for an AB History
student will proceed even in the absence of the adviser as long as the critics are present
during defense.
• Advisers are appointed and are requested to sign a conforme letter but in the event that
the student is unable to adhere to the following, sanctions are stated below:
o Advisees who are unable to actively interact with the Adviser regarding the
research of the student, the advisership will be withdrawn at the discretion of the
Adviser. The student is responsible to find a substitute adviser.
o In the event that the suggestions and recommendations of the panel are not met
by the student, the panel has the right to withdraw their role as members of the
Panel.

Submissions
• Due dates or deadlines for submissions of manuscripts set by the research instructor are
irrevocable. In the event that the student is unable to meet the deadline, the research
instructor has the discretion to discuss with the student regarding the missed deadline.
• Three (3) copies are submitted for the library, institute and research office. A soft copy of
the manuscript in PDF and journal format (in Word) inside a white envelope is attached at
the back of the institute copy. Only in the institute copy. Others include:
• For BS Biology students, the theses are converted into a journal format prescribed by the
Research Instructor, both hard and soft copy. Printed hard copy of each biological research
will be compiled and soft bound.

41
 • Each BS Biology students are to prepare a poster format of their study which will be
submitted to the Research Instructor, both printed and soft copy in Microsoft Publisher
and any application.

Conducting the Research

• Protocols which are not aligned with their study methodology but otherwise used in the
study, the study will be reconducted.
• Major and minor deviations in the study during the conduction will need to have the
approval of the panel such as the student needed to submit a request letter signed by the
adviser.

42
 Capstone Project

PART I – Preliminary Pages

Title Page
The Title Page lists a brief descriptive title of the project, names of the individuals submitting the
final report, the date of submission, academic division/institution and additional information as
may be required. A Capstone Project Title is a distinguishing name given to a work or project
describing the scope in a specific context and indicates the content of the paper. The title of the
report should present the main topic of the project in a concise, and as appropriate, distinctive
manner. It must be broad enough to include all the main concepts involved in the study or to be
studied.

Adviser’s Recommendation Sheet

This section provides space for the signature of the proponent’s adviser indicating that he has
examined and recommended the Capstone Project for acceptance and approval. No final
Capstone Project documentation will be accepted unless all copies are duly signed by the
Technical Advisor and Instructor/Critic.

Panel’s Approval Sheet

The approval sheet provides space for the signatures of the members of the panel indicating their
acceptance of the work. No final Capstone Project documentation will be accepted unless all
copies are duly signed by all the members of the defense panel and the Dean.

Acknowledgement
This section contains the author’s statement expressing appreciation and gratitude to those who
have assisted and supported the preparation and conceptualization throughout the completion
of the Capstone Project. This page also mentions any sources and permission obtained to quote
copyrighted materials. Acknowledgements must be written in a single page and should be
expressed in simple and tactful descriptions of the contributions of the acknowledgements.

Dedication
This section contains the author’s statement expressing honor or affection for someone who have
assisted and supported the preparation throughout the completion of the Capstone Project.
Dedication must be written in a single page and should be expressed in simple and tactful
descriptions of the appreciation.

Abstract
The abstract is written in a paragraph form in not more than 150-500 words which briefly
summarize the contents of the entire Capstone Project. Words should be clear and concise. It
should briefly describe:
1. the rationale, background and focus of project;
2. the methods utilized in the project;
3. a summary of the results of the project and;

43
 4. conclusions and recommendations.

The abstract of a Capstone Project becomes a public record of the school. The Dean’s Office
collects and binds the Reports and made available to other students in the school library. These
abstracts serve as a measure of the quality of scholarly work expected at Mabalacat City College.

Table of Contents
This page lists the major parts and sections as labeled in the report, including the preliminary
pages and the text. Each item listed should have reference to the page number where that item
starts in the report.

List of Figures/List of Tables/List of Notations

The final report must be supported with figures, graphs, tables, notations, numbered lists,
drawings, etc. These should have self-contained captions and integrated into the body of the
report used to present and summarize data in a clear and concise manner.

• Tables are numbered sequentially.

• Table labels are placed above the table, but the captions are placed below the table.
• Figures (charts, graphs, drawings, pictures) are similarly numbered sequentially.
• Figure labels and captions are placed below the figure.

PART II – TEXT
CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
1.1 Introduction
The goal of the introduction is simply to enable the reader to determine if the study is relevant to
the area of interest. The introduction is typically 1-3 pages. The introduction is a pragmatic
argument of your study about an issue. It primarily answers the question “What are the most
important issues for this topic in terms of the goals of the project and the effects in society”?
Speculation is not acceptable unless it is supported by specific evidence or a published reference.

The Introduction presents the specific issues/topics of the Capstone Project and the general
strategy used to address the issue(s). This section may present some background information;
overall trends and references to studies and literature pertinent to the topic of the project, but
thoroughly addressed in the Literature Review section.

The first paragraph of the introduction should focus on the long-term history of the topic.

The succeeding paragraphs present more recent research trends. It also contains the researcher’s
firm stand on the need to bridge the gap between existing bodies of knowledge and the prevailing
situation. The final section of the introduction states the purpose of the project and the rationale
for the approach used to complete it.

1.2 Background of the Study

44
The introduction should provide proper context both technical and economic motivation that
allows the reader to understand the problem and issue presented. The project setting should
clarify the location and the most relevant background of the project:
1. description of the company
2. the product
3. the market
4. and transition into the area that will be the focus of the project.

It also includes discussion on the current status of the process or system that reasonably describes
the need for the improvement or redesign and challenge or opportunity the project presents.

1.3 Objective of the Study

This section states the purpose of the project, providing the reasons for pursuing the study, and
identifies its significance. It must name the specific and concrete – if possible, measurable –
accomplishments (external and personal) intention of the project. It should answer: “What, exactly,
the project is going to accomplish, produce, and/or deliver? It also includes the necessary
deliverables and defines a reasonable scope of work.

1.4 Scope and Limitation of the Study

Limitations are descriptions of the restrictions that have been imposed on the study that are
beyond the researcher’s concern. Typically, limitations deal with restrictions such as:
1. the voluntary nature of the subjects
2. Inability to control all of the variables which may influence the outcome
3. Limits/impose on the study by participating in the organizations.

Limitation is the descriptions of the ways in which the author has restricted the scope and focus
of the study. The description of the scope and limitations pertaining to the research define the
restrictions placed on the study to make it doable. The complexity and scope of the project must
go significantly beyond the topics covered in any relevant BSIT course. In companies that employ
and supervise IT professionals, standards are generally established by the organization and the
student will be expected to follow those standards. If the limitation and delimitation are short,
they can be combined into a single section.

1.5 Significance of the Study

This section rationalizes the objectives of the research with that of the statement of the problem.
It explains why the research must be done in this area. It also shows detailed and specific
discussions on who benefits from the output of the study and how they are going to benefit from
it.

1.6 Definition of Terms

Many terms are subject to variety of interpretations. In a research study you need to define the
terms clearly to avoid ambiguity and confusion. Such terms should be defined operationally
according to the precise meanings they are intended to convey. There are two (2) types of
definitions:

45
 1. Conceptual which is the universal meaning given to a word or group of words.
2. Operational which is the meaning of the concept or term as use in a particular study.

Chapter 1 Guide:
Chapter 1: The Problem and Its Background
1.1 Introduction Topic
-in general: What is the research all about?

1.2 Background of the Study Topic

in specific:
-Establish the need for conducting the study Problems with existing
research/design/locale/system.
-How other researchers addressed the problem.

1.3 Objectives of the Study General

- The general objective of this study is to …
- Specific In line with this, this study aims to achieve the following specific objectives:

1.4 Scope and Limitations Anchored to the objectives

- The study covers…<general objective>.
- Furthermore, the study aims to <specific objectives>.
- Its purpose is in the hope of <WHY…details here>. <Detailed discussion of the coverage of the
study>.
-The study will be conducted in <WHEN and WHERE details>.
-Due to design constraints, this study does not cover…. <WHAT are the things you will not include
intentionally (boundaries to reduce amount of time spent in certain areas). Out of scope of the
study>.

1.5 Significance of the Study

- Below is a list of significant contributions of the study: In global context, the study will…
- In economic context, the study will…
- In environmental context, the study will…
- In societal context, the study will…

Chapter 2: Literature Review

This section presents the written works and studies that exhibit importance and similarity with the
proposed study. It also discusses the capabilities and limitations of existing researches, theories
and paradigms that are related to the study.

A literature review surveys a minimum of twenty (20) scholarly articles, books and other sources
relevant to the area of your study which should mainly include current (within 3-5 years) literature
and studies. The focus of the literature review is to summarize and synthesize information from
these sources. It should explain what is known or is unknown about the problem; identify areas of
controversy in the literature; and formulate questions that need further research.

46
The literature review has an introduction, a body, and a conclusion, and should be a minimum of
five (5) pages. A brief introduction should preview the type of literature that will be reviewed,
identifying the main literature that made a great impact on the study. In the body, research studies
and other types of literature are grouped according to themes (logically) and arranged
chronologically. Subsets of the literature are organized under sub-headings. Each subset is
concluded with a summary statement relating that section to your problem. At the end of the
chapter, a concluding paragraph summarizes the main findings that will lead to the research
questions.

In the body, research studies and other types of literature are grouped according to what they
have in common, i.e., qualitative versus quantitative approaches, conclusions of authors, specific
purpose or objective, chronology, etc. The studies or articles are summarized using the most space
for the most important ones.

Reviewing the literature is a continuous process. It begins before a research problem is finalized
and continues until the report is finished. The process involves several steps: a) searching for
existing literature and studies within the area of study b) reviewing the selected materials c)
developing a conceptual framework which becomes the basis of the study.

Formats for references, citations and quotations must be based on the Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers (IEEE).

Chapter 2 Guide:
Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature and Studies
2.1 Topic 1 – In order
2.2 Sample Topic 2 – IEEE Citation style
-Place bracketed citations within the line of text, before any punctuation, with a space before the
first bracket. Number your sources as you cite them in the paper. Once you have referred to a
source and given it a number, continue to use that number as you cite that source throughout
the paper. When citing multiple sources at once, the preferred method is to list each number
separately, in its own brackets, using a comma or dash between numbers, as such: [1], [3], [5] or
[1] - [5].

The below examples are from Murdoch University’s IEEE Style LibGuide. Examples of intext
citations:

“…end of the line for my research [13]. This theory was first put forward in 1987 [1]. Scholtz [2] has
argued that … Several recent studies [3], [4], [15], [16] have suggested that… For example, see [7].”

2.3 Conceptual Framework

• analytical tool with several variations and contexts
• an overall picture is needed
• used to make conceptual distinctions and organize ideas

47
 • capture something real and do this in a way that is easy to remember and apply examples

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY
This section is the schema that maps out the sources of data, the type of data to be collected,
how the data will be collected, and the methods to be used in data analysis. Identify, in this section,
your intended methods or modes of research (more on the “how” – and this is an important
requirement of every Capstone project.

Chapter 3 Guide:
Chapter 3: Methodology
3.1 General Method Used
-Discuss what method/s you will use in your study.
-This study used descriptive method of research
-Discuss how descriptive method will be used.

3.2 Procedures Anchored on the objectives

- If software development is to be used, support it with figure and citations.

“Figure 5: Prototyping (Source: Infosys, 2015)

Some components are: Requirements Analysis / Documentation Design of software, Product /
Processes Development and Testing Plans Description of Prototype Implementation Plan”

Specific analysis tools are used to illustrate the existing and the proposed systems as well as the
requirements of the project. The analysis tools that may be used are:
• Visual Table of Contents
• Data Flow Diagrams
• Entity-Relationship Diagram
• System Flowchart
• Program Flowchart
• Character Models
• Storyboard
CHAPTER 4: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
After the data have been gathered and analyzed, it is now the task of the researcher to prepare a
written report on the results of the study. It is important that the research output be presented in
an organized, coherent and understandable manner. Data analysis describes how the data are
organized into tables or graphs and analyzed and what statistical package and comparisons are
used. The discussion gives meaning to the data, explains their significance, and relates them to a
broader context.

Chapter 4 Guide:
Chapter 4: Results and Discussions
Anchored on the objectives and procedures
-Requirements Software, Product/Processes Screen Shots Development and Testing Results
Prototype

48
-Implementation Results

CHAPTER 5: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The summary of findings presents the results of chapter 4. The results are anchored on both the
objectives and chapter 4. It summarizes the main focal of the study and their significance. Create
a list of specific findings and fully describe each. Do not introduce new ideas in this section.

The conclusion section furnishes future undertakings based on the analysis and conclusion of the
study. All conclusions should refer to conclusions drawn in previous sections and should state that
all the requirements of the problem statement have been met.

Recommendations are specific actions to be taken associated with the conclusions and economic
analysis.

Chapter 5 Guide:
Chapter 5: Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations
Summary of Findings Summary of each result from chapter 4
-One paragraph for every results Conclusions
-Directly describe how the objectives were met or not Recommendations
-Enumerated Based on the limitations of the study
-Objectives not met or met but with encountered challenges

References
The list of References is a working resource and should include a minimum of twenty (20) materials
and sources that were used in the research and preparation of the Capstone Project and cited in
the text of the Report. The References list documents the sources used and provides the
information necessary to identify and retrieve each source.

Appendices
- User’s Manual - Letters / communications / certifications - Diagrams/Models - Certificate of
Plagiarism Scanning - Certificate of English Critic - Curriculum Vitae

The appendices should include those items which contain detailed information that is referred to
in the text of the report, and are helpful to the reader, but too complex or large to include in the
body of the report. Items often include a large table, lists of words, or a sample questionnaire or
survey. A single appendix item is labeled Appendix, but if there is more than one, Appendix items
are labeled with a capital letter (Appendix A, Appendix B, etc.) as they are referenced in the text.
Each appendix item must also have a title. Appendices are referred to by their labels in the text.

FORMAT AND STYLE

Capstone Project Main Documentation should adhere to the following standards and format.

General Capstone Format Guidelines

49
I. General Document Guidelines
✓ Margins: 1.50-inch left margin, one inch on the remaining sides (top, bottom, right)
✓ Font Size and Type: 12-pt. Times New Roman
✓ Line Spacing: Double-space throughout the paper, including the title page, body of the
document, references, appendixes, footnotes, tables, and figures.
✓ Spacing after Punctuation: Space once after commas, colons, and semicolons within
sentences. Insert two spaces after punctuation marks that end sentences.
✓ Alignment: Justified
✓ Pagination: The page number appears one inch from the right edge of the paper on the
first line of every page.
II. Abstract: The abstract is a one-paragraph, self-contained summary of the most important
elements of the paper.
✓ Pagination: The abstract begins on a new page.
✓ Heading: "Abstract" (centered on the first line below the running head)
✓ Format: The abstract (in block format) begins on the line following the Abstract heading.

The abstract word limit is set by individual journals. Typically, the word limit is between 150 and
250 words. All numbers in the abstract (except those beginning a sentence) should be typed as
digits rather than words.

III. Body
✓ Pagination: The body of the paper begins on a new page. Subsections of the body of the
paper do not begin on new pages.
✓ Title: The title of the paper (in uppercase and lowercase letters) is centered on the first line
below the running head.
✓ Introduction: The introduction (which is not labeled) begins on the line following the paper
title.

IV. References
All sources included in the References section must be cited in the body of the paper (and all
sources cited in the paper must be included in the References section. Citations are numbered in
the references according to how they sequentially appeared in the document).

GENERAL ACADEMIC ARTICLE WRITING GUIDELINES

I. Title. It should contain maximum of eight (8) to fifteen (15) words, intended to attract the
reader’s attention. It should clearly reflect the main theme, issue, nature and focus of the
study and not create false expectations. It should be as specific as possible given the
restrictions on length. A title should preferably answer the following questions: - What will
be researched? The main theme or the research topic. - How will the topic be researched?
The research designs. -With Whom? (optional) Describes the research population and
measurement. - Where/ in what context will the study be conducted? (optional) The
geographical area.
II. Abstract. It is a short summary of the research study with a maximum length of two
hundred (200) to two hundred fifty (250) words. It serves as an important advertisement

50
 that provides an opportunity for the researcher to impress readers (Feldman, 2004).
According to (Perry et al., 2003), an abstract has the following elements: o Element 1: The
abstract has to start with a brief theme sentence to orientate the reader about the overall
issue addressed in the article. This sentence should grab the reader’s attention. o Element
2: The abstract should indicate the main purpose of the study. o Element 3: Next the
academic and/or practical importance of the study should be explained (sometimes
combined with Element 2) o Element 4: The methodology used in the study should be
briefly described. o Element 5: The main findings of the study should be summarized. o
Element 6: A statement of conclusions should indicate the contribution mad by the study
in filling gaps in the literature o Element 7: Finally, the practical or managerial implications
of the study’s findings should be highlighted where appropriate.
III. Keywords. The keywords serve as hooks that draw the attention of potential readers and
are also used to locate research study in an electronic database. A maximum of six (6) to
eight (8) keywords should be included placed directly after the abstract. The keywords
should preferably reflect the discipline, sub-discipline, theme, research design and context
(industry and/or country) of the study.
IV. Introduction. The recommended length for the introduction is five hundred (500) to one
thousand (1000) words. It can be described as “… an executive summary that gives the
reader and an enticing glimpse of what is to come”. The introduction must grab the
reader’s attention by simulating attention, interest, desire and action and must effectively
“sell” the study. Unfortunately, the introduction is often the most difficult part of an article
to write (Feldman, 2004:2).

An introduction has the following elements:

o Element 1: The writer first has to state the broad theme or topic of the study.
o Element 2: Provide a convincing answer to the question: “Why should anyone be
concerned about this article?”
o Element 3: Summaries the available literature and cites the most important
previous studies that are relevant to the current research.
o Element 4: Indicates the most important gaps, inconsistencies and/or
controversies in the literature that the current study will address.
o Element 5: Provide core research problem/question to be addressed in the study,
or research objectives that will guide your research, or context in which the study
will be conducted, and the units of analysis of the study.
o Element 6: Finally, one has to provide the reader with an outline of the structure
of the rest of the article.
V. Related Literature. The recommended length is one thousand (1,000) to two thousand
(2,000) words. In the literature review, the researcher critically evaluates, re-organizes and
syntheses the work of others. The purpose of a literature review is to “look again” (re +
view) at what other researchers have done regarding a specific topic (Leedy & Ormord,
2005). A literature review is a means to an end, namely to provide background to and serve
as motivation for the objectives and hypotheses that guide your own research (Perry et al.,
2003).

51
 VI. Methodology. The suggested length is five hundred (500) to one thousand (1,000) words.
Methodology describes the steps followed in the execution of the study and also provides
a brief justification for the research methods used (Perry et al., 2003). It should contain
enough detail to enable the reader to evaluate the appropriateness of your methods and
the reliability and researches.
VII. Results and Discussions. The results and discussion section comprises one thousand
(1,000) to two thousand five hundred (2,000) words that summarizes the data collected for
the research study in the form of descriptive statistics and also reports the results of
relevant inferential statistical analyzes (eg., hypothesis tests) conducted on the data.
(American Psychological Association, 2001). Findings should be presented as concisely as
possible but still provide enough detail to properly justify conclusions and enable readers
to understand exactly what the researchers did in terms of data analysis and why.
Results can be presented as follows:
o Use of table
▪ To show many and precise numerical values and other specific data in a
small space.
▪ To compare and contrast data values or characteristics among related items
or items with several shared characteristics.
▪ To show the presence or absence of specific characteristics.
o Use of figure
▪ To show trends, patterns, and relationships across and between data sets
when the general patterns is more important than the exact data values.
▪ To summarize research results.
▪ To present a visual explanation of sequence of events, procedures,
geographic features or physical characteristics.
o Use of text
▪ When the researcher doesn’t have extensive use of complicated data to
present.
VIII. Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations. Usually three hundred
(300) to four hundred (400) words. It presents the interpretation of the results given in the
result section. Draw what the result mean and what actions should be taken as a result of
the findings.

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 Feasibility Study

A feasibility study is a systematic plan and analysis of the sustainability of a project taking into
consideration factors such marketing, production or technical issues, organizational and
management aspects and financial implications. Such a study is designed to provide details on
issues related to courses of action to be taken. The objective of which is to test the viability of a
specific action.

Steps in Conducting a Feasibility Study

o Perform a preliminary analysis. Begin by drafting an initial plan focusing on what you are
looking to achieve and why. Next is to examine the uniqueness of the idea on both its
strengths and weakness. Then, get an overall feel of the type of potential customers. Finally
determine the risks that could possibly reduce the viability of your idea.
o Outline the project scope. Define the area of study by the core tenets of this project
including what the current situation or issue is that you plan to solve, what you plan to
accomplish, estimations on the impact of the project, and what it will take to accomplish
this goal.
o Plan your data collection procedures. Determine the data you need based on exactly what
you want to achieve. Carefully consider what methods (i.e., survey, interview/focus groups,
observation, archival research, secondary data collection) you will use to gather data that
is best suited for your project.
o Carry out your market research. In conducting your market survey consider the industry,
competitors, market share, target customers, trends and outlook. The goal of which is to
have a realistic understanding of the potential sales that can be expected if the project is
undertaken.
o Plan the business organization and operations. Establish the organization and operations
requirements of the planned project. This should contain staffing requirements, including
management and labor alignment. Likewise indicate costs addressing facilities, equipment,
supply, and overhead.
o Calculate the financial costs and projections. The financial costs associated with your
proposed idea will depend on resources required for the implementation. Things to
consider here include what services are required and how much they’ll cost, any
adjustments to revenues and operational costs.
o Review and analyze all information. Reexamine your previous steps and evaluate
everything you’ve uncovered. This is also the time to think about risk, analyzing and
managing, and come up with any contingency plans.
o Make a go/no go decision. Based on your findings determine whether the project is
technically, operationally, and economically feasible. The feasibility study should provide
you the answer of either moving ahead with the proposed idea or action or scrapping the
idea and looking for something different.

MCC Feasibility Studies shall be conducted by undergraduates to identify the viability of a

potential business venture or project. It should identify problems and opportunities, determining

53
objectives, describing situations, defining successful outcomes and assessing the range of costs
and benefits associated with several alternatives for solving a problem.

The following shall be the recommended content of the study:

✓ Executive Summary. Delivers all the key sections of the feasibility study.
✓ Introduction. This section presents the context on which the project would be based on.
✓ Background of the Study. Provides a brief but comprehensive description of the product
or service to be studied.
✓ Statement of the Problem. Requires explaining or describing the problem or challenges
that have prompted the feasibility study.
✓ Objectives of the Study. States what the researchers intend to achieve or accomplish in
the feasibility study. Specifically, it should state financial, marketing, operational,
management or organizational goals.
✓ Significance of the Study. Provides an explanation on how the study will be
advantageous to different parties and stakeholders.
✓ Scope and Limitation of the Study. Refers to the parameters and the areas to be
explored and investigated.
✓ Methodology. Provides specific procedures and techniques applied to collect and analyze
the data of the study.
✓ Marketing Study. A market analysis enables defining the competitors and quantifying
target market within an industry by analyzing the potential overall interest about a product
and/or service. Market can be defined in terms of size, structure, growth prospects, trends,
and sales potential. This information allows for better strategy on how to position a
particular product and/or service in competing for market share.
✓ Product/Service Description. Describe the type and quality of product(s) or service(s) to
be marketed.
✓ Industry Profile. Describe the size and scope of the industry, market or market segment(s)
✓ Industry Competitiveness. Describe the industry concentration including that of major
competitors.
✓ Specific Market Potential. Define and describe the target market(s); Assess market usage
and potential share of the market.
✓ Sales Projection. Estimate usage and project sales under various assumptions (i.e., selling
price, services provided, etc.).
✓ Organization and Management Study. Organizational feasibility aims to assess the
competence of management to bring a product or idea to market. It should include
workforce review and required training.
✓ Organizational Structure. Define the business model and proposed structure of
operations.
✓ Personnel Requirements. Outline the staffing structure along the lines of authority and
decision making.
✓ Technical and Product Description. Technical feasibility assessment focuses on the
technical resources needed to run the project.
✓ Process Flow/Operational Process. Describe enough how the operations will be
conducted (i.e., manufacture, source or create and deliver, etc.) (Thompson, 2005).

54
✓ Facility Needs. Estimate the size and type of facility and capacity requirements including
the need for related buildings, equipment, furniture and fixtures.
✓ Operating Costs. Identify all needed on-going costs for production and operations.
✓ Financial Study. A financial analysis seeks to project revenue and expenses expected upon
implementation of a project. This includes a financial narrative of estimated project costs
and valuations. It should estimate the potential sales that the endeavor will generate.
Another critical part here would be determining the breakeven point, which is the level of
operations that results in exactly enough revenue to cover costs. It should reflect that the
financial benefits exceed the financial costs.
✓ Capital Requirements. Evaluate how much funding will be needed including the source
of financing.
✓ Forecasted Statements. Present balance sheet, income statement and cash flow
projections.
✓ Financial Analysis. Conduct break-even analysis and cost benefit analysis.
✓ Conclusions and Recommendations. This section should determine if criteria have been
met to move the project forward. It would serve as the basis in developing strategy in the
form of a business plan.
✓ Conclusions. Identify business scenarios and alternative business models relating to the
likelihood of success, risks and projected return on investments.
✓ Recommendations. Develop a schedule of potential courses of action that may include:
Choosing the most viable scenario or model; and then (a) developing that scenario’s
business plan; (b) proceeding with creating; and (c) operating the project or business.

55
 Guidelines in Selection of Adviser

The adviser has the overall responsibility of guiding the students in completing their thesis. The
following are the duties of the thesis adviser:
1. Supervise the overall conduct of student research. The participation of the adviser starts
from the proposal stage up to the manuscript’s final revision stage. The adviser regularly
confers and meets with his or her advisees. The adviser may suggest the following but is
not limited to: 1) research topic, 2) framework, and 3) methodology. The thesis adviser
must also have adequate time available for advising the students. More so, s/he must be
able to provide continuing feedback to the subject area coordinator regarding the
progress and development of the students ‘project. The Thesis adviser should keep
communications open with the research instructor on the guidelines the instructors made,
research paper format, research forms, research procedures, calendar of defenses and
templates.  
2. Check errors and required corrections on the manuscript. The adviser may also
continuously check technical and grammar errors. Also, the adviser may give the students
the directions on the proper format of the written output as well as statistical aspects of
the study.  Aside from research panelists, the research adviser is the only authorized person
to make any changes on the research manuscript.
3. Supervise the technical aspects in the writing of the research proposal. The adviser
should be physically present during the proposal defense. Once the proposal defense is
complied with, the adviser should constantly monitor the progress of the manuscript.
Thesis adviser is the co-author of his/her thesis advisee’s research paper. It means he/she
has the obligation to guide and advise on how to write the research manuscript,
establishing the tests of validity and reliability of research paper, establishing the safety of
the advisees during data gathering or during product development and the likes  
4. Set the deadlines for their advisees. The deadline is within the discretion of the adviser;
however, paramount consideration is made regarding institutional deadlines. The adviser
should evaluate first whether the manuscript is ready for defense or not.  Thesis adviser
is allowed to withdraw from his/her advisership with valid reasons, like student-researchers
failed to submit manuscripts on time; the adviser’s timeframe cannot meet the deadline;
student-researches failed to respect the authority of the adviser and the like. 
5. Endorse the manuscript for final defense. The determination whether or not a
manuscript is ready for defense is within the sound discretion of the adviser. Once the
adviser deems the manuscript ready for defense, s/he should affix his/her signature in the
approval sheet, thereby recommending the student paper for examination. The adviser
should be present during the final defense. Once the final defense is complied with, the
adviser should constantly monitor the progress of the final copy of the manuscript
including revisions and deletions and or major or minor changers. As co-author of the
student research paper, the adviser may present the research output and have it published
upon the knowledge and approval of the student researchers. The student researchers
should be the ones to present the research output in any conference or colloquium should
the opportunity to present come along.

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 Guidelines in Selection of Statistician

1. The statistician agreed to be the research paper statistician upon signing the Advisory
Committee Form (Appendix 1).  
2. Quantitative research papers should be analyzed and/or verified by the statistician/s of the
college.  
3. Statistician should be expert in statistics based on their educational qualifications and
experiences  
4. Upon signing the advisory committee form, research statistician has the obligation to
analyze the data gathered by the students 
5. Research statistician can withdraw from his/her role if the student-researcher failed to
follow his/her guidelines, feel being disrespected by the student-researchers and the
etc.  
6. Statistician should be consulted at least twice by the researchers.  One of the consultations
is before research proposal for methodology chapter and the other consultation is during
data analysis.  
7. Before research proposal defense, students need to fill up the Statistical Service Form
(Annex 2), with the following content:
a. Research Title
b. Statement of the Problem or Research Objectives
c. Conceptual Framework and/or Theoretical Framework (if applicable)
d. Methodology
e. Questionnaire  
8. For data analysis, students need to fill up the Statistical Service Form (Annex 2), with the
following content:
a. Research Title
b. Statement of the Problem or Research Objectives
c. Conceptual Framework and/or Theoretical Framework (if applicable)
d. Methodology
e. Questionnaire
9. The summary of the data gathered in Microsoft Excel. 
10. The consultation hour spent by the statistician on the research papers can be counted as
the consultation hours required to every faculty of the college.  
11. Statistician can only sign the Certificate of Statistical Treatment Form (Annex 2) if
researchers were able to meet the consultations required to them.  
12. If in case there are some changes to accomplish on data analysis due to students’ error,
additional compensation will be applied: 
a. 75% - when a new statistical tool is needed to generate more information 
b. 50% - when there are additional statements of the problem or research objectives
where reprocessing of data due to student errors is required 
13. Accepting any form of professional fees directly from the students is prohibited, any
professional fee should be included on the tuition fee upon enrolment of the
course (Republic Act 6713.)

57
Roles
1. Statistician should avoid manipulation of data at all costs  
2. Statistician should maintain objectivity in handling the statistical work.  
3. Statistician maintains professionalism by respecting their fellow statisticians.   
4. Statistician should explain to the student-researchers the results of data analysis.
5. Statistician should clarify to the students the rules and expectation to them upon accepting
the task.
6. Statistician should provide guidance to student-researchers in establishing and writing
their research methodology.

Guidelines in Selection of Grammarian

1. The grammarian agrees to be the research grammarian upon signing the Advisory

Committee Form (Annex 3).  
2. The Grammarian should be an expert in grammar based on his/her educational
qualifications and experiences  
3. Research grammarian can be consulted for checking the research instrument to be used
in data gathering by the researchers.
4. Upon signing the advisory committee form, research grammarian has to edit the research
manuscript after the final defense.  
5. The Research grammarian can withdraw from his/her role if the student-researcher failed
to follow his/her guidelines, feel being disrespected by the student-researchers and etc.  
6. The consultation hour spent by the grammarian on the research papers can be counted
for the consultation hour required to every faculty of the college.  
7. Grammarian can only sign the Certificate of Grammarian Services Form (Annex 3) if
researcher was able to meet the consultations required of him/her.  
8. In case there are some changes on the manuscript   after editing, due to students’ error,
additional compensation will be applied:  
a. 100% - when there is a total revision of the research manuscript 
b. 50% - when there are several changes or additional statement due to student
errors  
9. Accepting any form of professional fees directly from the students is prohibited, any
professional fee should be included on the tuition fee upon enrolment (Republic Act 6713.)

Roles
1. Grammarian should maintain objectivity in the editing the manuscript.   
2. Grammarian maintains professionalism by respecting another grammarian
3. Grammarian should avoid manipulation of results or technical terminologies at all costs.  
4. Grammarian should clarify to the students the rules and expectation upon accepting the
task.  
5. Grammarian should explain to the student-researchers the results of changes made or
suggested on the research manuscript.

58
 Guidelines in Selection of Panelists

1. There are at least three (3) panelists to evaluate the proposal. The panelists are
composed of a chairman and at least two (2) members. The Chairman should be
Ph.D./Ed.D. degree holder or the Program Coordinator or FOSH of the area of
specialization and the members of panel should be MA graduates (with thesis writing)
and/or with experience in writing researches in their areas of specialization or faculty
members with specific knowledge on research, statistics or area of specialization.  
2. Student-researchers should secure the approval of the panelists through the Advisory
Committee Form (Annex 1).
3. The panelists in the research proposal should be the same panelists in the final defense.
4. If in any case, due to inevitable reason/s, a particular panelist failed to attend the final
defense, he/she forfeits her right to suggest major revisions on the research paper; instead,
the suggestions, comments and recommendation in the research proposal will be
followed.
5. The decision of the Chairman of the panelists will be the one to follow when
disagreement with the other members of the panelists ensue.
6. Accepting any form of professional fees directly from the students is prohibited; any
professional fee should be included in the tuition fee upon enrolment of the
course (Republic Act 6713.)

All researches are carefully examined by a group of evaluators or the panel. The panel is a group
of 3-5 people chosen for their expertise based on the proposed research by the student. Below is
the structured panel for each program:
• Research Instructor 
• Thesis Adviser 
• The Field of Study Head 
• 1 Internal Critic/faculty with expertise on History or Social Sciences 
• 1 External Reader (Chosen by the Research Instructor)

Guidelines for Proposal Defense

Pre-proposal Defense
• The students will only be allowed to enroll the Thesis Writing Course upon successful
completion of all Core, Major, and Cognate courses as prescribed in the student’s
prospectus.
• The students must prepare their preferred topic for their thesis in the Research Writing
course. 
• The writing and presentation of the topic and proposal commence on the first semester of
their senior year.  
• Students may opt to write their thesis in English or formal Filipino. 
• The research topic, as much as possible, should be in consonance with the institution’s
vision, mission, goals, or the local, regional or national research and development thrusts. 

59
 • A thesis adviser will be assigned to each student as soon as they produce their research
problems.
• The Research Instructor scrutinizes topics for research or thesis with the Thesis committee,
which comprises of the Panel members, the Chair (usually the field of study head or dean)
and the Adviser.
• Students who are unable to defend the study properly will get a failing grade and needs
to re-enroll the course to graduate. 
• The research instructor, after consultation with the Field of Study Head, will have the final
decision regarding other concerns not mentioned in this manual.

Note:
The Panel of critics/readers for the proposal defense will be the same panel for the final defense.
In the event that a member of the panel is unavailable, the Research Instructor may decide to
reschedule the defense or proceed with the presentation.

The adviser is required to attend the defense (proposal and final). However, upon the discretion
of the Research Instructor, the defense may proceed even in the absence of the adviser.

Proposal Defense
• The student prepares his/her manuscript for Proposal Defense.
• The manuscript will be examined by the panel, which includes the Research Instructor
and 2 or 3 critics who are experts on the topic.
• Chicago format will be used in writing the Introduction consisting of the following:
o Background of the Study 
o Statement of the Problem 
o Significance of the Problem 
o Scope
o Review of Related Literature 
o Research Methodology 
o Theoretical Framework 
o Research Outline 
1. Research instructor will approve the proposed research title of the students, makes referral
on the composition of Research Advisory Committee, provide all the forms needed by the
researchers to accomplish, give the research format to be followed, and give the
timeline/schedule for research proposal and final defense.  
2. Research manuscript and rubric for research proposal (Annex 3) should be distributed to
the panelists one (1) week prior to the date of the research proposal  
3. Groups that are assigned on the same proposal day should coordinate with each other
with the guidance of the research instructor regarding the preparation of snacks and food
for the panelists 
4. After the research proposal, researchers should consolidate all the comments, suggestions,
and recommendations of the panelists using the Proposal Revision Notes (Annex 5) duly
approved by the research adviser and panelists.  

60
 5. The student researchers will be allowed to proceed on data gathering once the Proposal
Revise Notes are approved.

Guidelines for Final Defense

1. After gathering sufficient data for the thesis and having the thesis approved by the Adviser,
the student may now submit an application for Final Defense to the Research instructor.
2. Before submitting the manuscript for final defense, it should undergo plagiarism scan with
no more than 10% proof of original work. In the event where the percentage proof of
original work from the scan is more than 10%, the student has to revise the manuscript
until he acquires the required 10 % or lower. He/ She will be given 1-week allowance to
revise/prepare the manuscript after which he/ she will be scheduled for final defense.
3. One week before the scheduled defense, student needs to submit copies of the final
manuscript to the Thesis Committee. 
4. After the final defense, when all comments and suggestions are incorporated, another
plagiarism scan should re-check the manuscript. If the final manuscript did not meet the
10% acceptable percentage and deadline set for the revisions, the student will have an
incomplete status with 1 year to complete.
5. In case of a failed defense, a student can only have 1 attempt at a re-defense. The re-
defense status is upon the discretion of the panel provided it does not jeopardize the
deadline for the submission of final grade. Otherwise, the student will get a grade
of Incomplete and has 1 year to complete. 
6. Research manuscript with appendices and rubric for research final defense (Annex
4) should be distributed to the panelists one (1) week prior on the date of the research
proposal.
7. Groups that are assigned on the same day of proposal should coordinate with each other
with the guidance of the research instructor in regard to the preparation of the snacks and
food to be given to the panelists.
8. After the research final defense, researchers should consolidate all the comments,
suggestions, recommendations of the panelists using the Final Defense Revision Notes
(Annex 6) and it should be approved by the research adviser and panelists before book
binding.

Note: The status of the student for graduation depends on the decision of the majority of the
panel relative to the final defense of his/her paper as the thesis is one of the major requirements
for his/her graduation.

Post-final Defense
• After the successful oral defense, the student will revise the manuscript according to the
comments and suggestions of the panel. The final revised manuscript will be checked by
the Adviser, then by the English critic, and will undergo a final plagiarism scan.
• Before printing and binding the manuscript, a final approval form should be accomplished
and duly signed by the Adviser, Panel Members, Statistician (if statistical tools were utilized
in the study), English Critic, Field of Study Head, and the Dean.

61
• A softcopy of the final manuscript, with scanned copies of attachments and accomplished
forms must also be submitted to the research instructor.
• Hardbound copies of the thesis will be submitted to the following:
o Research and Extension Office
o Library
o Institute 

Guidelines for Selecting Best Thesis

1. The Thesis instructor will choose candidates for best thesis based on the oral defense
grade and performance in the Research course.  
2. The candidates will present their work in a colloquium where invited evaluators who
specialize in the area will examine the work based on the following criteria for best thesis:
Impact/contribution of the thesis to 40%
the body of knowledge
Sufficiently answered the research 30%
questions or attained the research
objectives posited
Logical flow of ideas presented 20%
Over-all grammar and style of 10%
presentation of ideas
Total 100%
3. The research which is found to be highly satisfactory based on the criteria will receive the
award for best thesis.

62
 Appendix 1

ADVISORY COMMITTEE FORM 

 
Group Number: ____ Course/Major: _____________________ 
Group Members: 
1. __________________________________________ 
2. __________________________________________ 
3. __________________________________________ 
 
Proposed Title:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Nominated Thesis Adviser:_____________________________________________ 

 
The following are recommended to the thesis advisory committee: 
 
Chair:  _________________________________________ 
Member:  _________________________________________ 
Member:  _________________________________________ 
Statistician:              _________________________________________ 
English Critic:  _________________________________________ 
 
Research Instructor: _________________________________________ 
  
Approved by: _________________________________________ 
Program Head/FOSH  
 
Noted by: _________________________________________ 
Dean
 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------
Panel Acceptance 
 
We hereby indicate our commitment to serve as members of the thesis advisory
committee for Group Number _______.
 
Adviser: _________________________________ Date: ______________ 
Chair: _________________________________ Date: ______________ 
Member: _________________________________ Date: ______________ 
Member:  _________________________________ Date: ______________ 
Statistician:  _________________________________ Date: ______________ 
English Critic: __________________________________Date: ______________ 

63
 Appendix 2

STATISTICAL SERVICE FORM 

 
Course/Major: _____________________ Date: ______________  
Group Members: 
1. __________________________________________ 
2. __________________________________________ 
3. __________________________________________ 
 
Proposed Title:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
Nominated Thesis Adviser: __________________________________________________________ 
 
Nature of Consultation/Meeting  Remarks 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Attested by:  

Statistician  _________________________________ Date: ______________ 

64
 Appendix 3

GRAMMARIAN SERVICE FORM 
 
Course/Major: _____________________ Date: ______________  
Group Members: 
1. __________________________________________ 
2. __________________________________________ 
3. __________________________________________ 
 
Proposed Title: 
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nominated Thesis Adviser: __________________________________________________________ 
 
Nature of Consultation/Meeting  Remarks 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Attested by:  
Grammarian _________________________________ Date: ______________ 

65
 Appendix 4
RESEARCH PROPOSAL RUBRIC
Research Title: _______________________________________________________________________________________________
Students’ Names: _________________________________________________________________________ Date:______________

Level of Performance
Dimensions/Criteria/Indicators/Weight 4 3 2 1 Rating Weight
Excellent Very Satisfactory Poor
Satisfactory
A. Timeliness (20%) Submitted on Submitted 1 to 3 Submitted 4 to 5 Submitted more
Date of submission of manuscript: or before the days after the days after the than 5 days after
Date of Submission assigned date assigned date of assigned date of the assigned date
of submission submission submission of submission
B. Content (80%)
Introduction All entries in
• Clear and analytical the scoring 1 of the entries
• Shows evidence of an intelligent rubric are in the scoring
grasp of the problem in the field present rubric is NOT 2-4 of the entries
of specialization present in the scoring
• Systematically leads to the rubric are NOT
statement of the specific problems present 4-5 of the entries
to be answered in the scoring
• Cites findings and rubrics are NOT
recommendations of previous present
studies conducted that are related
to the topics
• State difference of the present
paper to the previous
studies Places the
researchers’ observations or

66
 reasons why they intend to
investigate the topic
• Conditions the readers on the
direction of developing the paper
• Specific terms, definitions or
abbreviations are fully defining
use in the study.
• the specific problem is a clear and
acceptable manner
• SOP should be arranged so that
one logically leads to the
next sufficient to warrant the need
for an undergraduate thesis under
the field of specialization to
investigate and answer
Methodology All entries in
• Identifies the accurate research the scoring
design rubric are 1 of the entries
• Identifies the research present in the scoring
instruments rubric is NOT
• Identifies the present 2-3 of the entries
respondents/subjects of the study in the scoring
• Identifies sampling procedure rubric are NOT
• Identifies the statistical procedure present 4-5 of the entries
or data treatment procedure in the scoring
• List all the ethical considerations rubrics are NOT
and how to control it. present

67
 Power point presentation All entries in
• Limited to 15 slides only the scoring 1 of the entries
• Limited to 15 minutes per group rubric are in the scoring
presentation present rubric
• Free from over-used animation is NOT present 2-3of the entries
and effects in the scoring
• Each slide contains ten lines or less rubric
• The font size for the title or are NOT present 4-5 of the entries
heading is 40 and for the content in the scoring
is 32 rubrics
are NOT present
Presenter All entries in
• Answers the questions in logical the scoring 1 of the entries
and empirical manner rubric are in the scoring
• Explains the proposal clearly and present rubric is NOT 2-3 of the entries
simply present in the scoring
• Free from mannerism that tend to rubric are NOT 4-5 of the entries
overpower the presentation present in the scoring
• Free from grammatical lapses rubrics are NOT
present
Final Grade
Equivalence of Weighted Ratings: 4 = 100%; 3.0 to 3.9 = 91 – 99%; 2.0 – 2.9 = 80 to 89%; 1 to 1.9 = 70 to 79%

68
 Appendix 5
FINAL DEFENSE RUBRIC
Research Title: _______________________________________________________________________________________________
Students’ Names: _________________________________________________________________________ Date:______________

Level of Performance
Dimensions/Criteria/Indicators/Weight 4 3 2 1 Rating Weight
Excellent Very Satisfactory Poor
Satisfactory
A. Timeliness (20%) Submitted on Submitted 1 to Submitted 4 to 5 Submitted more
Date of submission of manuscript: or before the 3 days after days after the than 5
Date of Submission assigned date the assigned assigned date of days after the
of submission date of submission assigned date of
submission submission
B. Content (80%)
Introduction All entries in
• Clear and analytical the scoring 1 of the entries
• Shows evidence of an intelligent grasp rubric are in the scoring
of the problem in the field of present rubric is NOT 2-4 of the entries
specialization present in the scoring
• Systematically leads to the statement of rubric are NOT
the specific problems to be answered present 4-5 of the entries
• Cites findings and recommendations of in the scoring
previous studies conducted that are rubrics are NOT
related to the topics present
• State difference of the present paper to
the previous studies Places the
researchers’ observations or reasons
why they intend to investigate the topic
• Conditions the readers on the direction
of developing the paper

69
 • Specific terms, definitions or
abbreviations are fully defining use in
the study.
• the specific problem is a clear and
acceptable manner
• SOP should be arranged so that one
logically leads to the next sufficient to
warrant the need for an undergraduate
thesis under the field of specialization to
investigate and answer
• For quantitative researches conceptual
and/or theoretical framework was
analytically, logically and clearly
discussing the variables of the study
Methodology (Quantitative Research) All entries in
• Identifies the accurate research the scoring
design/approach rubric are 1 of the entries
• Identifies the research instruments present in the scoring
• Identifies the setting, rubric is NOT
total respondents/subjects and sampling present 2-3 of the entries
procedure of the study in the scoring
• Identifies the data gathering rubric are NOT
procedures present 4-5 of the entries
• Identifies the statistical procedure or in the
data treatment procedure or analysis scoring rubrics
plan are NOT present
• List all the ethical considerations and
how to control it.

70
*Methodology (Qualitative Research) All entries in
• Identifies philosophical underpinning of the scoring
the study rubric are 1 of the entries
• Identifies the setting, present in the scoring
total respondents/subjects and sampling rubric is NOT
procedure of the study present 2-3 of the entries
• Identifies the ways of gathering the in the scoring
narratives rubric are NOT
• Identifies the process of reflective present 4-5 of the entries
analysis in the scoring
• List all the ethical considerations and rubrics are NOT
how to control it. present
*Results (Quantitative Research)
• Discuss what the study found out
• Shows the figures, graphs and tables
• Shows the analysis of data

*Results (Qualitative Research)

• Discuss what the study found out
• Shows responses of the participants
• Shows the results/insights (Themes,
Codes and etc.)

71
*Discussion/Conclusion (Quantitative
Research)
• It should show the implications of
answers and why does it matter
• Shows the analysis with related
literature
• Shows the conclusion
• Shows the recommendation

*Discussion/Conclusion (Qualitative
Research)
• It should show the implications of
answers and why does it matter
• Shows the analysis with
related literature
• Shows creative synthesis
• Shows implication and future direction
Power point presentation All entries in
• Limited to 15 slides only the scoring 1 of the entries
• Limited to 15 minutes per group rubric are in the scoring
presentation present rubric
• Free from over-used animation and is NOT present 2-3of the entries
effects in the scoring
• Each slide contains ten lines or less rubric
• The font size for the title or heading is are NOT present 4-5 of the entries
40 and for the content is 32 in the scoring
rubrics
are NOT present

72
Presenter All entries in
• Answers the questions in logical and the scoring 1 of the entries
empirical manner rubric are in the scoring
• Explains the proposal clearly and simply present rubric is NOT 2-3 of the entries
• Free from mannerism that tend to present in the scoring
overpower the presentation rubric are NOT 4-5 of the entries
• Free from grammatical lapses present in the scoring
rubrics are NOT
present
Final Grade
Equivalence of Weighted Ratings: 4 = 100%; 3.0 to 3.9 = 91 – 99%; 2.0 – 2.9 = 80 to 89%; 1 to 1.9 = 70 to 79%

73
 Appendix 6
PROPOSAL REVISION NOTES
TITLE:_____________________________________________________________________
NAME OF RESEARCHERS: __________________________________________________

Suggestions/Recommendations by Page No. Reflecting

Action Taken
the Panelists the Change Done

Corrected and Recommended for Data Gathering by:

Statistician: ______________________________ Date: ______________

Adviser: _________________________________ Date: ______________

Member: ________________________________ Date: ______________

Member: ________________________________ Date: ______________

Chair: __________________________________ Date: ______________

74
 Appendix 7
Guidelines for References (Chicago Citation and Style Formats)
Books 
Book with a single author  
Notes   1Terry Glavin, A Death Feast in Dimlahamid (Vancouver: New Star Books,
1990), 106.  
Bibliography   Glavin, Terry. A Death Feast in Dimlahamid. Vancouver: New Star Books,
1990.  
Comments   Shortened notes:  
If you have only one source by the author, provide the author’s name and
page number in subsequent notes to that same source.  
2Glavin, 108.  
If you have used more than one source by the author, provide the author’s
name, an abbreviated title, and the page number in subsequent notes.  
3Glavin, Death Feast, 108.  
Use ibid. for notes that refer to the same source as the note
immediately preceeding it (ibid. is an abbreviation for the
Latin word ibidem, meaning “in the same place”). If the note refers to the
same source but different page numbers, include the page numbers in the
note.  
4Ibid.  
5Ibid., 97.  
Book with two or three authors (or editors) 
Notes   6Carole Shammas, Marylynn Salmon, and Michel Dahlin, Inheritance in
America: From Colonial Times to the Present (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers
University Press, 1987), 97.  
Short note:  
7Shammas, Salmon and Dahlin, Inheritance in America, 142.  
Bibliography   Shammas, Carole, Marylynn Salmon, and Michel Dahlin. Inheritance in
America: From Colonial Times to the Present. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers
University Press, 1987.  
Comments   In the bibliography, the first author is listed last name first, and the second
author is listed first name first.  
Book with more than three authors (or editors) 
Notes   8Alison Prentice et al., Canadian Women: A History (Toronto: Harcourt
Brace Jovanovich, 1988), 121-23.  
Short note:  
9Prentice et al., Canadian Women, 134.  
Bibliography   Prentice, Alison, Paula Bourne, Gail Cuthbert Brandt, Beth Light,
Wendy Mitchinson, and Naomi Black. Canadian Women: A History.
Toronto: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1988.  

75
Comments   In notes, only the name of the first author is given, followed by et al. (et al.
is a Latin abbreviation meaning “and others”). In the bibliography, all the
authors’ names are listed.  
E-book from a library database  
Notes   10Menno Boldt, Surviving as Indians: The Challenge of Self-
Government (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1993),
http://site.ebrary.com/lib/okanagan/docDetail.action?docID=10200930,
23.  
11M. R. D. Foot and I. C. B. Dear, eds., Oxford Companion to World War
II (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), 154. doi: 10.1093
/acref/9780198604464.001.0001.  
Bibliography   Boldt, Menno. Surviving as Indians: The Challenge of Self-Government.
Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1993.
http://site.ebrary.com/lib/okanagan/docDetail.action?docID=10200930.  
Foot, M. R. D and I. C. B. Dear, eds. Oxford Companion to World War II.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. doi:10.1093
/acref/9780198604464.001.0001.  
Comments   A DOI (Digital Object Identifier) is a unique string of numbers and letters
permanently applied to the content of an article or E-book.  
E-books are cited exactly the same as a print book, with the addition of a
DOI or URL at the end of the note or bibliography entry. If the library
database provides a stable URL, provide that one..  
If the work is paginated, include the page number in your footnote. If the
work is unpaginated, provide a chapter number or section title.  
E-book freely available online  
Notes   12Grey Owl, The Men of the Last Frontier (1932; Project Gutenberg, 2011),
chap. 5, http://www.gutenberg.ca/ebooks/greyowl-
menofthelastfrontier/greyowl-menofthelastfrontier-00-e.html  
Short note:  
13Grey Owl, Men of the Last Frontier, chap. 3.  
Bibliography   Grey Owl. The Men of the Last Frontier. Reprint of the 1932 New York
edition, Project Gutenberg,
2011. http://www.gutenberg.ca/ebooks/greyowl-
menofthelastfrontier/greyowl-menofthelastfrontier-00-e.html  
Comments   If the book is a reprint edition, include both the original publication date
and the newer, electronic publication date, as well as the name of the
online collection from which it was retrieved.  
If it is a contemporary book from Google Books or other online e-book
collection, cite the book as you would a print book and include the URL at
the end of the citation.  
Edited Book / Edition other than the first  
Notes   14Mona Gleason et al., eds., Rethinking Canada: The Promise of Women’s
History, 6th ed. (Don Mills, ON: Oxford University Press, 2011), 165-6.  

76
 Short note:  
15Gleason et al., Rethinking Canada, 210.  
Bibliography   Gleason, Mona, Tamara Myers, and Adele Perry, eds. Rethinking Canada:
The Promise of Women’s History, 6th ed. Don Mills, ON: Oxford University
Press, 2011.  
Comments   For lesser-known Canadian and American cities, or cities that might be
confused with another city of the same name, include a two-letter state or
province po  
Chapter or article in an edited book  
Notes   16Roger Sarty, “Canada and the Great Rapprochement 1902-1914,” in The
North Atlantic Triangle in a Changing World: Anglo-American-Canadian
Relations, 1902-1956, ed. B.J.C. McKercher and Lawrence Aronson
(Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1996), 19.  
Short note:  
17Sarty, “Canada and the Great Rapprochement, 1902-1914,” 134-6.  
Bibliography   Sarty, Roger. “Canada and the Great Rapprochement, 1902-1914.” In The
North Atlantic Triangle in a Changing World: Anglo-American-Canadian
Relations, 1902-1956, edited by B.J.C. McKercher and Lawrence Aronson,
12-47. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1996.  
Comments   In the bibliography entry, include the page range of the chapter within the
book.  
Page ranges: for numbers less than 100, use all digits. For numbers higher
than 100, use only the changed digits (e.g. 25-29; 109-11; 345-7; 228-34;
398-402)  
Institutional author / Online document from a website  
Notes   18University of Chicago Press, The Chicago Manual of Style, 16th ed.
(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010), 65.  
19Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, Honouring the Truth,
Reconciling for the Future: Summary of the Final Report of the Truth and
Reconciliation Commission of Canada (Winnipeg, MB: Truth and
Reconciliation Commission of Canada, 2015), 24. http://www.trc.ca.  
Short Note:  
20Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Honouring the Truth, 25.  
Bibliography   University of Chicago Press. The Chicago Manual of Style. 16th ed.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.  
Truth and Reconcilliation Commission of Canada. Honouring the Truth,
Reconciling for the Future: Summary of the Final Report of the Truth and
Reconciliation Commission of Canada. Winnipeg, MB: Truth
and Reconcilliation Commission of Canada, 2015. http://www.trc.ca.  
Comments   An institutional author may be an organization, association, corporation,
committee, etc. Provide the organization as author in the
bibliography even if the organization is also the publisher.  

77
 Note that the online version is cited exactly the same as a print version,
with the addition of a URL.  
Unknown Author  
Notes   21The Lottery (London: J. Watts, 1732), 18.  
Bibliography   The Lottery. London: J. Watts, 1732.  
Book series with more than one volume  
Notes   22Edward Hallett Carr, The Bolshevik Revolution, 1917-
1923 (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1966), 3: 170-3.  
Bibliography   If you used only one volume in the series:  
Carr, Edward Hallett. The Bolshevik Revolution, 1917-1923. Vol.
3. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1966.  
If you used more than one volume in the series:  
Carr, Edward Hallett. The Bolshevik Revolution, 1917-1923. 3
vols. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1966.  
Comments   If a single volume in a multivolume work has a separate title, include it
after the volume number.  
Book in a series  
Notes   23Mariana Valverde, The Age of Light, Soap, and Water: Moral Reform in
English Canada, 1885-1925, The Canadian Social History Series, ed.
Gregory S. Kealey (Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1991), 53.  
Bibliography   Valverde, Mariana. The Age of Light, Soap, and Water: Moral Reform in
English Canada, 1885-1925. The Canadian Social History Series, edited by
Gregory S. Kealey. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1991.  
Book in translation  
Notes   24Alexander Solzhenitsyn, August 1914, trans. Michael
Glenny (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1974), 110.  
Bibliography   Solzhenitsyn, Alexander. August 1914. Translated by Michael
Glenny. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1974.  
Comments   The author's name appears first. The name(s) of the editor(s), compiler(s) or
translator(s) appear after the title.  
In the bibliography, spell out the terms: ‘edited by’, ‘translated by’, or
‘compiled by’. In notes, use the abbreviation “trans.” "ed.” or "comp."  
If more than one role is listed in addition to the author, list the names in the
same order as on the title page of the original source.  
Reprint edition  
Notes   25Herbert Westerby, History of Pianoforte Music (1924; reprint, New York,
Da Capo Press, 1971), 11. Citations are to the 1971 edition.  
26Grey Owl. The Men of the Last Frontier. (1932; Project Gutenberg, 2011),
chap. 5, http://www.gutenberg.ca/ebooks/greyowl-
menofthelastfrontier/greyowl-menofthelastfrontier-00-e.html  
Bibliography   Westerby, Herbert. History of Pianoforte Music. 1924. Reprint, New York:
Da Capo Press, 1971.  

78
 Grey Owl. The Men of the Last Frontier. Reprint of the 1932 New York
edition, Project Gutenberg, 2011.
http://www.gutenberg.ca/ebooks/greyowl-menofthelastfrontier/greyowl-
menofthelastfrontier-00-e.html  
Articles 
Journal article in print  
Notes   27Constance B. Backhouse, “Married Women’s Property Law in
Nineteenth-Century Canada,” Law and History Review 6, no. 2 (Fall 1988):
233.  
Short note:  
28Backhouse, “Married Women’s Property Law,” 244.  
Bibliography   Backhouse, Constance B. “Married Women’s Property Law in Nineteenth-
Century Canada.” Law and History Review 6, no. 2 (Fall 1988): 211-57.  
Comments   Journal citations should include the volume number as well as the issue
number and month or season (if available). Put volume and issue numbers
in arabic numerals. Seasons are capitalized and spelled out in full. Months
may be abbreviated or spelled out in full.  
Journal article from a library database – URLs  
Notes   29James L. McClain, “Castle Towns and Daimyo Authority: Kanazawa in
the Years 1583-1630,” Journal of Japanese Studies 6, no. 2 (Summer 1980):
269, http://www.jstor.org.ezproxy. okanagan.bc.ca/stable/132323.  
30Adele Perry, "From "the hot-bed of vice" to the "good and well-ordered
Christian home": First Nations Housing and Reform in Nineteenth-Century
British Columbia," Ethnohistory 50, no. 4 (2003): 587-610, Project Muse.  
Bibliography   McClain, James L. “Castle Towns and Daimyo Authority: Kanazawa in the
Years 1583-1630.” Journal of Japanese Studies 6, no. 2 (Summer 1980):
267-99. http://www.jstor.org.ezproxy.okanagan.bc.ca /stable/132323.  
Perry, Adele. "From "the hot-bed of vice" to the "good and well-ordered
Christian home": First Nations Housing and Reform in Nineteenth-Century
British Columbia." Ethnohistory 50, no. 4 (2003): 587-610. Project Muse.  
Comments   When citing a URL from a library database, do not use the URL from the
browser’s address bar. Use a shortened, stable URL provided by the
database (look for an icon or link called permalink, stable URL or persistent
link).  
If no stable URL or DOI is available, then include the database name (as in
the second example above).  
Journal article from a library database – DOIs  
Notes   31Gary Warrick, “European Infectious Disease and Depopulation of
the Wendat-Tionontate (Huron-Petun),” World Archaeology 35, no. 2
(2003): 272, doi:10.1080/0043824032000111416.  
Bibliography   Warrick, Gary. “European Infectious Disease and Depopulation of
the Wendat-Tionontate (Huron-Petun).” World Archaeology 35, no. 2
(2003): 258-275. doi:10.1080/0043824032000111416.  

79
Comments   A DOI is always preferable to a URL in a citation. If no DOI is available, use
a stable URL.  
Journal article freely available on the internet  
Notes   32Trudi Johnson, “Women and Inheritance in Nineteenth-Century
Newfoundland,” Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 13, no. 1
(2002): 5, http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/031151ar.  
Bibliography   Johnson, Trudi. “Women and Inheritance in Nineteenth-Century
Newfoundland.” Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 13, no. 1
(2002): 1-22. http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/031151ar.  
Comments   Cite the paragraph number [e.g., par. 16] if no page numbers are provided
in a full-text article.  
Book review  
Notes   33Edward N. Lutwak, review of The Cold War, by John Lewis Gaddis, Times
Literary Supplement, March 24, 2006, 5.  
Bibliography   Lutwak, Edward N. Review of The Cold War, by John Lewis Gaddis. Times
Literary Supplement, March 24, 2006, 5.  
Magazine article  
Notes   34Philip E. Tetlock and Dan Gardner, “Doctors without Science: A Brief
History of Quackery, From Leeches to Ostrich Eggs,” The Walrus,
December 2015, http://thewalrus.ca/doctors-without-science/.  
35Ken MacQueen and Michael Friscolanti, "Who gets to be
Canadian?" Maclean's, October 19, 2015, 18.  
Bibliography   Tetlock, Philip E. and Dan Gardner, “Doctors without Science: A Brief
History of Quackery, From Leeches to Ostrich Eggs.” The Walrus,
December 2015. http://thewalrus.ca/doctors-without-science/.  
MacQueen, Ken, and Michael Friscolanti. "Who gets to be
Canadian?" Maclean's. October 19, 2015.  
Comments   Weekly and monthly magazines are usually cited by date only, even if they
have volume and issue numbers. Cite the specific page in your note, but do
not include the page range in the bibliography.  
Newspaper article  
Notes   36“Bull and the Gun,” Edmonton Journal, August 18, 1990, G1.  
Bibliography   Newspaper articles are not usually cited in bibliographies.  
Online news source  
Notes   37“Vietnam-China row over South China Sea plane landing,” BBC News,
January 6, 2016, http://www.bbc.com/ news/world-asia-35216579.  
Bibliography   “Vietnam-China row over South China Sea plane landing,” BBC News,
January 6, 2016. http://www.bbc.com/ news/world-asia-35216579.  
Reference Materials (Dictionaries and Encyclopedias) 
Printed reference works  
Notes   38Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 2, s.v. “Laval, François de.”  
39Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed., s.v. “Charivari.”  

80
Bibliography   Reference works are not usually entered in the bibliography.  
Comments   The abbreviation s.v. signifies the Latin sub verbo, meaning “under the
word.”  
Online reference works  
Notes   40Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed., s.v. “Charivari,” March 2012,
http://www.oed.com /view/Entry/30734.  
41Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 12, s.v. “Davie, Theodore,”
accessed April 25, 2012, http://www.biographi.ca/.  
 
Bibliography   Reference works are not usually entered in the bibliography.  
Comments   An online reference work is cited the same way as a printed work, with the
addition of the date of last revision, or the access date. If the entry cites
a stable URL address, include it. Otherwise, use the URL for the
homepage. The first example above includes the date of last revision and
a stable URL. The second includes the date of access and the homepage
of the online dictionary.  
Other 
Unpublished thesis or dissertation  
Notes   42John S. Lutz, “Losing Steam: Structural Change in the Manufacturing
Economy of British Columbia, 1860-1915” (master’s thesis, University of
Victoria, 1988), 67.  
Bibliography   Lutz, John S. “Losing Steam: Structural Change in the Manufacturing
Economy of British Columbia, 1860-1915.” Master’s thesis, University of
Victoria, 1988.  
Government document / Institutional author  
Notes   43British Columbia, Report of Royal Commission on Matters Relating to the
Sect of Doukhobors in the Province of British Columbia, 1912 (Victoria:
King’s Printer, 1913), T22.  
44Parks Canada, State of Canada’s Natural and Historic Places
2011, Ottawa, 2011. http://www.pc.gc.ca /eng/docs/pc/rpts/elnhc-
scnhp/2011/index.aspx.  
Bibliography   British Columbia. Report of Royal Commission on Matters Relating to the
Sect of Doukhobors in the Province of British Columbia, 1912. Victoria:
King’s Printer, 1913.  
Parks Canada. State of Canada’s Natural and Historic Places 2011. Ottawa,
2011. http://www.pc.gc.ca/eng/docs /pc/rpts/elnhc-
scnhp/2011/index.aspx.  
Sound recording – Online  
Notes   49Franklin Delano Roosevelt, “First Inaugural Address,” March 4, 1933,
transcript and Adobe Flash audio, 18:59, Miller Center of Public Affairs,
University of Virginia, http://millercenter.org/president/speeches/detail
/3280.  

81
Bibliography   Roosevelt, Franklin Delano. “First Inaugural Address.” March 4, 1933.
Transcript and Adobe Flash audio, 18:59. Miller Center of Public Affairs,
University of Virginia. http://millercenter.org/president/speeches
/detail/3280.  
Film  
Notes   50“Looking for Louise,” Thelma & Louise, dir. Ridley Scott (1991; Santa
Monica, CA: MGM Home Entertainment, 2004), DVD.  
Bibliography   Thelma & Louise. Directed by Ridley Scott. 1991. Santa Monica, CA: MGM
Home Entertainment, 2004. DVD.  
Comments   The note above refers to a specific scene or DVD chapter. Include this
information if relevant.  
Include the year for both the original film and the DVD version. When citing
online multimedia, include the same information for a film, but also add a
URL and access date.  
Web page -- no author  
Notes   51“Our History, Our Health,” First Nations Health Authority, accessed
December 20, 2015, http://www.fnha.ca/wellness/our-history-our-health.  
Bibliography   “Our History, Our Health.” First Nations Health Authority. Accessed
December 20, 2015. http://www.fnha.ca /wellness/our-history-our-
health.  
Comments   Cite individual web pages rather than entire websites.  
Entries should include the following elements, where available: the title or a
description of the web page, the author’s name, the owner or sponsor of the
site, the URL, and the date. If there is no date, then include an access date.  
Web page – with author  
Notes   52Anthony S. Wohl, “Victorian Racism,” The Victorian Web, accessed
January 20, 2016, http://www.victorianweb.org/history/race/rc5.html.  
Bibliography   Wohl, Anthony S. “Victorian Racism.” The Victorian Web. Accessed January
20, 2016, http://www.victorianweb.org/history/race/rc5.html.  
Blogs  
Notes   53K. Mandla, “The Elephant in the Room: A
Coda,” Motho ke motho ka botho (blog), http://kmandla.wordpress.com.  
Bibliography   Blog entries are not cited in the bibliography, unless you cite several entries
from the blog.  
Comments   For blogs, cite the author, the entry title, the blog title, and the URL. Add the
word blog in parentheses following the blog title, unless the word blog
appears in the title itself.  
Document from a digital primary source collection  
Notes   54Hilda Hay, Hilda Hay to William Hay, December 10th 1943, letter, from
Canadian Letters and Images Project, accessed December 17, 2015,
http://www.canadianletters.ca/content/document-8360.  

82
 55W. P. Upham, Map of Salem Village 1692, map, from Salem Witch Trials:
Documentary Archive and Transcription Project, accessed December 21,
2015, http://salem.lib.virginia.edu/maps/index.html.  
Bibliography   Hay, Hilda. Hilda Hay to William Hay, December 10th 1943. Letter. From
Canadian Letters and Images Project. Accessed December 17, 2015.
http://www.canadianletters.ca/content/document-8360.  
Upham, W. P. Map of Salem Village 1692. Map. From Salem Witch Trials:
Documentary Archive and Transcription Project. Accessed December 21,
2015. http://salem.lib.virginia.edu/maps/index.html.  

83
 Appendix 8
Fees
Description Amount
Defense Fees 
• Covers the utility fees used
during defense (if it is face-to-face) like 200.00
electric bill 
• No fees to be collected for virtual
defenses  
Thesis Adviser (Regardless of Educational 2,000
Qualification)  
Chairman (Regardless of Educational 1,500
Qualification) 
Member (Regardless of Educational 1,000 per member (counted as two)
Qualification) 
Statistician (Regardless of Educational 500
Qualification) 
Grammarian (Regardless of Educational 500
Qualification) 
Total  6, 700
1. Fees should be collected upon enrolment of the research course.
2. No direct payment should be given to any member the of faculty or officials of MCC.
3. Students can conduct the research defenses even if they have not paid in full the required  
payment.
4. Fees should follow the government provision of collecting extra fees without the violation
of the provision of the UNIFAST.
5. If there are no professional fees for compensation, proposal is hereby forwarded to give
points to the task of the panelists, statisticians and grammarians to be merited in the
ranking system of the college. The current practice is, only the thesis adviser is given points
for the ranking system.  

84
 Appendix 9
List of Scopus and Reuters-indexed Journals
(As of April 2018)
History and Social Sciences
Full title  ISSN  EISSN 
AGEING & SOCIETY  0144-686X  1469-1779 
AGRICULTURE AND HUMAN VALUES  0889-048X  1572-8366 
ALTERNATIVES  0304-3754  2163-3150 
ANNALS OF REGIONAL SCIENCE  0570-1864  1432-0592 
ANNALS OF SCIENCE  0003-3790  1464-505X 
ANTHROPOLOGICAL QUARTERLY  0003-5491  1534-1518 
ANTHROPOLOGY & EDUCATION QUARTERLY  0161-7761  1548-1492 
APPLIED GEOGRAPHY  0143-6228  1873-7730 
ASIAN JOURNAL OF WOMENS STUDIES  1225-9276  2377-004X 
ASIAN SURVEY  0004-4687  1533-838X 
ACROSS LANGUAGES AND CULTURES  1585-1923  1588-2519 
AFRICAN AND ASIAN STUDIES  1569-2094  1569-2108 
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANTHROPOLOGY  0084-6570  null 
ANNUAL REVIEW OF LAW AND SOCIAL SCIENCE  1550-3585  null 
ANNUAL REVIEW OF SOCIOLOGY  0360-0572  null 
ANTHROPOLOGICAL FORUM  0066-4677  1469-2902 
ANTHROPOLOGICAL NOTEBOOKS  1408-032X  null 
ANTHROPOLOGICAL THEORY  1463-4996  1741-2641 
ANTHROPOLOGY & MEDICINE  1364-8470  1469-2910 
ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE  1568-4849  1568-5314 
ASIAN STUDIES REVIEW  1035-7823  1467-8403 
BMGN-THE LOW COUNTRIES HISTORICAL REVIEW  0165-0505  2211-2898 
BOUNDARY 2-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LITERATURE
AND CULTURE  0190-3659  1527-2141 
BIOSOCIETIES  1745-8552  1745-8560 
BIODEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIAL BIOLOGY  1948-5565  1948-5573 
BODY & SOCIETY  1357-034X  1460-3632 
COMPARATIVE STUDIES IN SOCIETY AND HISTORY  0010-4175  1475-2999 
CONTEMPORARY SOCIOLOGY-A JOURNAL OF REVIEWS  0094-3061  1939-8638 
CRITIQUE OF ANTHROPOLOGY  0308-275X  1460-3721 
CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY  0886-7356  1548-1360 
CULTURAL CRITIQUE  0882-4371  1460-2458 
CULTURAL GEOGRAPHIES  1474-4740  1477-0881 
CULTURAL STUDIES  0950-2386  1466-4348 
CULTURE HEALTH & SEXUALITY  1369-1058  1464-5351 
CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY  0011-3204  1537-5382 

85
CURRENT HISTORY  0011-3530  1944-785X 
CURRENT SCIENCE  0011-3891  0011-3891 
CURRENT SOCIOLOGY  0011-3921  1461-7064 
CURRICULUM INQUIRY  0362-6784  1467-873X 
CITY & COMMUNITY  1535-6841  1540-6040 
CLIMATE AND DEVELOPMENT  1756-5529  1756-5537 
COLD WAR HISTORY  1468-2745  1743-7962 
COMMUNICATION CULTURE & CRITIQUE  1753-9129  1753-9137 
COMMUNICATION AND CRITICAL-CULTURAL STUDIES  1479-1420  1479-4233 
CONSERVATION & SOCIETY  0972-4923  0975-3133 
CONTEMPORARY SOUTHEAST ASIA  0129-797X  1793-284X 
CRITICAL SOCIOLOGY  0896-9205  1569-1632 
CULTURAL SOCIOLOGY  1749-9755  1749-9763 
CURRENT PERSPECTIVES IN SOCIAL THEORY  0278-1204  null 
DIFFERENCES-A JOURNAL OF FEMINIST CULTURAL STUDIES  1040-7391  1527-1986 
ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY  1708-3087  null 
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND CULTURAL CHANGE  0013-0079  1539-2988 
ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY  0013-0095  1944-8287 
ECONOMY AND SOCIETY  0308-5147  1469-5766 
EDUCATION AND URBAN SOCIETY  0013-1245  1552-3535 
EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY  1436-4522  1436-4522 
ENVIRONMENT AND HISTORY  0967-3407  1752-7023 
ENVIRONMENT AND URBANIZATION  0956-2478  1746-0301 
ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY  1084-5453  1930-8892 
ETHICS  0014-1704  1539-297X 
ETHNIC AND RACIAL STUDIES  0141-9870  1466-4356 
ETHNICITY & DISEASE  1049-510X  1945-0826 
ETHNOHISTORY  0014-1801  1527-5477 
ENERGY RESEARCH & SOCIAL SCIENCE  2214-6296  2214-6326 
ENVIRONMENTAL COMMUNICATION-A JOURNAL OF
NATURE AND CULTURE  1752-4032  1752-4040 
ETHNICITIES  1468-7968  1741-2706 
ETHNOGRAPHY  1466-1381  1741-2714 
FOOD CULTURE & SOCIETY  1552-8014  1751-7443 
GAIA-ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES FOR SCIENCE AND
SOCIETY  0940-5550  0940-5550 
GENDER & SOCIETY  0891-2432  1552-3977 
GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS  0016-7363  1538-4632 
GEOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL  0016-7398  1475-4959 
GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW  0016-7428  1931-0846 
GEOGRAPHY  0016-7487  2043-6564 

86
GAMES AND CULTURE  1555-4120  1555-4139 
GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH  1745-5863  1745-5871 
GEOGRAPHY COMPASS  1749-8198  1749-8198 
GEOPOLITICS  1465-0045  1557-3028 
GEOSPATIAL HEALTH  1827-1987  1970-7096 
HISTORICAL JOURNAL  0018-246X  1469-5103 
HISTORICAL METHODS  0161-5440  1940-1906 
HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF THE LIFE SCIENCES  0391-9714  1742-6316 
HISTORY AND THEORY  0018-2656  1468-2303 
HISTORY OF SCIENCE  0073-2753  1753-8564 
HISTORY OF THE HUMAN SCIENCES  0952-6951  1461-720X 
HISTORY WORKSHOP JOURNAL  1363-3554  1477-4569 
HUMAN ECOLOGY  0300-7839  1572-9915 
HUMAN NATURE-AN INTERDISCIPLINARY BIOSOCIAL
PERSPECTIVE  1045-6767  1936-4776 
HEALTH INFORMATION AND LIBRARIES JOURNAL  1471-1834  1471-1842 
HEALTH SOCIOLOGY REVIEW  1446-1242  1839-3551 
HEALTH AND HUMAN RIGHTS  1079-0969  2150-4113 
HISTORICAL STUDIES IN THE NATURAL SCIENCES  1939-1811  1939-182X 
HISTORY AND ANTHROPOLOGY  0275-7206  1477-2612 
HISTORY OF ECONOMIC IDEAS  1122-8792  1724-2169 
HISTORY OF EDUCATION  0046-760X  1464-5130 
HISTORY OF THE FAMILY  1081-602X  1873-5398 
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTERCULTURAL RELATIONS  0147-1767  1873-7552 
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF URBAN AND REGIONAL
RESEARCH  0309-1317  1468-2427 
INTERNATIONAL REGIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW  0160-0176  1552-6925 
INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF SOCIAL HISTORY  0020-8590  1469-512X 
INTERNATIONAL SOCIOLOGY  0268-5809  1461-7242 
INFORMATION & CULTURE  2164-8034  2166-3033 
INFORMATION COMMUNICATION & SOCIETY  1369-118X  1468-4462 
INNOVATION-THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE
RESEARCH  1351-1610  1469-8412 
INTER-ASIA CULTURAL STUDIES  1464-9373  1469-8447 
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CULTURAL POLICY  1028-6632  1477-2833 
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CULTURAL STUDIES  1367-8779  1460-356X 
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FEMINIST APPROACHES TO
BIOETHICS  1937-4585  1937-4577 
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH GEOGRAPHICS  1476-072X  1476-072X 
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HERITAGE STUDIES  1352-7258  1470-3610 
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF SPORT  0952-3367  1743-9035 

87
INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH  1944-0391  1944-0405 
INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY  1749-5679  1749-5687 
INTERNATIONAL REVIEW FOR THE SOCIOLOGY OF SPORT  1012-6902  1461-7218 
JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC LIBRARIANSHIP  0099-1333  1879-1999 
JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGY  0278-4165  1090-2686 
JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL RESEARCH  0091-7710  2153-3806 
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE  0305-4403  1095-9238 
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE  1296-2074  1778-3674 
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY  1468-2702  1468-2710 
JOURNAL OF ETHNIC AND MIGRATION STUDIES  1369-183X  1469-9451 
JOURNAL OF GENDER STUDIES  0958-9236  1465-3869 
JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHY IN HIGHER EDUCATION  0309-8265  1466-1845 
JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHY  0022-1341  1752-6868 
JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR  0022-1465  2150-6000 
JOURNAL OF HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY  0305-7488  null 
JOURNAL OF HISTORICAL SOCIOLOGY  0952-1909  1467-6443 
JOURNAL OF LIBRARIANSHIP AND INFORMATION SCIENCE  0961-0006  1741-6477 
JOURNAL OF MATERIAL CULTURE  1359-1835  1460-3586 
JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHILOSOPHY  0360-5310  1744-5019 
JOURNAL OF MODERN HISTORY  0022-2801  1537-5358 
JOURNAL OF MULTILINGUAL AND MULTICULTURAL
DEVELOPMENT  0143-4632  1747-7557 
JOURNAL OF POPULAR CULTURE  0022-3840  1540-5931 
JOURNAL OF RURAL STUDIES  0743-0167  null 
JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ARCHAEOLOGY  1469-6053  1741-2951 
JOURNAL OF SOCIAL HISTORY  0022-4529  1527-1897 
JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY  1440-7833  1741-2978 
JOURNAL OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES  0022-4634  1474-0680 
JOURNAL OF SPORT & SOCIAL ISSUES  0193-7235  1552-7638 
JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF BIOLOGY  0022-5010  1573-0387 
JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF SEXUALITY  1043-4070  1535-3605 
JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES  0022-5061  1520-6696 
JOURNAL OF URBAN HISTORY  0096-1442  1552-6771 
JOURNAL OF WOMENS HISTORY  1042-7961  1527-2036 
JOURNAL OF WORLD PREHISTORY  0892-7537  1573-7802 
JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCES  1827-4765  2037-0644 
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHILOSOPHY  0264-3758  1468-5930 
JOURNAL OF CONSUMER CULTURE  1469-5405  1741-2900 
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL ECONOMY  1753-0350  1753-0369 
JOURNAL OF EARLY MODERN HISTORY  1385-3783  1570-0658 

88
JOURNAL OF EAST ASIAN STUDIES  1598-2408  2234-6643 
JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL SYSTEMS  1435-5930  1435-5949 
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HISTORY  1740-0228  1740-0236 
JOURNAL OF LINGUISTIC ANTHROPOLOGY  1055-1360  1548-1395 
JOURNAL OF MAPS  1744-5647  1744-5647 
JOURNAL OF SPANISH CULTURAL STUDIES  1463-6204  1469-9818 
JOURNAL OF THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL HISTORY OF THE
ORIENT  0022-4995  1568-5209 
LANGUAGE IN SOCIETY  0047-4045  1469-8013 
LOCAL GOVERNMENT STUDIES  0300-3930  1743-9388 
LANGUAGE & HISTORY  1759-7536  1759-7544 
LANGUAGE CULTURE AND CURRICULUM  0790-8318  1747-7573 
MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY  0145-9740  1545-5882 
NATION  0027-8378  0027-8378 
NATURE  0028-0836  1476-4687 
NATURE + CULTURE  1558-6073  1558-5468 
POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY  0962-6298  1873-5096 
POLITICS & SOCIETY  0032-3292  1552-7514 
PUBLIC CULTURE  0899-2363  1527-8018 
POLICY AND SOCIETY  1449-4035  1839-3373 
POLITICS & GENDER  1743-923X  1743-9248 
POLITICS PHILOSOPHY & ECONOMICS  1470-594X  1741-3060 
POLITICS AND RELIGION  1755-0483  1755-0491 
PSYCHOANALYSIS AND HISTORY  1460-8235  1755-201X 
QUALITATIVE SOCIOLOGY  0162-0436  1573-7837 
RACE & CLASS  0306-3968  1741-3125 
RATIONALITY AND SOCIETY  1043-4631  1461-7358 
PSYCHOANALYSIS AND HISTORY  1460-8235  1755-201X 
QUALITATIVE SOCIOLOGY  0162-0436  1573-7837 
RACE & CLASS  0306-3968  1741-3125 
RATIONALITY AND SOCIETY  1043-4631  1461-7358 
REGIONAL SCIENCE AND URBAN ECONOMICS  0166-0462  1879-2308 
REGIONAL STUDIES  0034-3404  1360-0591 
RURAL SOCIOLOGY  0036-0112  1549-0831 
RACE AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS  1867-1748  1867-1756 
RURAL HISTORY-ECONOMY SOCIETY CULTURE  0956-7933  1474-0656 
SCIENCE & SOCIETY  0036-8237  1943-2801 
SCIENCE AS CULTURE  0950-5431  1470-1189 
SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY & HUMAN VALUES  0162-2439  1552-8251 
SOCIAL & CULTURAL GEOGRAPHY  1464-9365  1470-1197 
SOCIAL HISTORY OF MEDICINE  0951-631X  1477-4666 

89
SOCIAL POLITICS  1072-4745  1468-2893 
SOCIAL RESEARCH  0037-783X  null 
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE  0277-9536  null 
SOCIAL SCIENCE HISTORY  0145-5532  1527-8034 
SOCIAL SCIENCE JOURNAL  0362-3319  1873-5355 
SOCIAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY  0038-4941  1540-6237 
SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH  0049-089X  1096-0317 
SOCIAL STUDIES OF SCIENCE  0306-3127  1460-3659 
SOCIETY & ANIMALS  1063-1119  1568-5306 
SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES  0894-1920  1521-0723 
SOCIETY  0147-2011  1936-4725 
SOCIOLOGICAL INQUIRY  0038-0245  1475-682X 
SOCIOLOGICAL METHODS & RESEARCH  0049-1241  1552-8294 
SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES  0731-1214  1533-8673 
SOCIOLOGICAL QUARTERLY  0038-0253  1533-8525 
SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH ONLINE  1360-7804  1360-7804 
SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW  0038-0261  1467-954X 
SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION  0038-0407  1939-8573 
SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH & ILLNESS  0141-9889  1467-9566 
SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION  1069-4404  1759-8818 
SOCIOLOGY OF SPORT JOURNAL  0741-1235  1543-2785 
SOCIOLOGY-THE JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH SOCIOLOGICAL
ASSOCIATION  0038-0385  1469-8684 
STUDIES IN HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE  0039-3681  1879-2510 
SOCIOLOGY COMPASS  1751-9020  1751-9020 
SPACE AND CULTURE  1206-3312  1552-8308 
SPORT IN SOCIETY  1743-0437  1743-0445 
TEACHING SOCIOLOGY  0092-055X  1939-862X 
TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE  0040-165X  1097-3729 
TESOL QUARTERLY  0039-8322  1545-7249 
THEORY AND SOCIETY  0304-2421  1573-7853 
THEORY CULTURE & SOCIETY  0263-2764  1460-3616 
TIME & SOCIETY  0961-463X  1461-7463 
URBAN GEOGRAPHY  0272-3638  1938-2847 
URBAN STUDIES  0042-0980  1360-063X 
WAR IN HISTORY  0968-3445  1477-0385 
WOMENS HEALTH ISSUES  1049-3867  1878-4321 
WOMENS STUDIES INTERNATIONAL FORUM  0277-5395  null 
WORLD POLITICS  0043-8871  1086-3338 

List of Scopus and Reuters-indexed Journals

90
 (As of April 2019)
Natural Sciences
FULL TITLE ISSN EISSN CATEGORY NAME
1550- 1550- PHARMACOLOGY &
AAPS JOURNAL 7416 7416 TOXICOLOGY
1530- 1530- PHARMACOLOGY &
AAPS PHARMSCITECH 9932 9932 TOXICOLOGY
ACS CHEMICAL 1948- 1948- NEUROSCIENCE &
NEUROSCIENCE 7193 7193 BEHAVIOR
ADVANCED DRUG 0169- 1872- PHARMACOLOGY &
DELIVERY REVIEWS 409X 8294 TOXICOLOGY
AGRICULTURAL AND 1459- 1795-
FOOD SCIENCE 6067 1895 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
AGRICULTURAL AND 1461- 1461- PLANT & ANIMAL
FOREST ENTOMOLOGY 9555 9563 SCIENCE
AGRICULTURAL AND 0168- 1873-
FOREST METEOROLOGY 1923 2240 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0308- 1873-
AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS 521X 2267 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
AGRICULTURAL WATER 0378- 1873-
MANAGEMENT 3774 2283 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
AGRICULTURE
ECOSYSTEMS & 0167- 1873-
ENVIRONMENT 8809 2305 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
0167- 1572-
AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS 4366 9680 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0002- 1435-
AGRONOMY JOURNAL 1962 0645 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
1226- 2093- PLANT & ANIMAL
ALGAE 2617 0860 SCIENCE
0939- 1438- BIOLOGY &
AMINO ACIDS 4451 2199 BIOCHEMISTRY
0173- 1568- PLANT & ANIMAL
AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA 5373 5381 SCIENCE
AMPHIBIAN & REPTILE 1083- PLANT & ANIMAL
CONSERVATION 446X NULL SCIENCE
ANALYTICAL 0003- 1096- BIOLOGY &
BIOCHEMISTRY 2697 0309 BIOCHEMISTRY
ANIMAL BIODIVERSITY 1578- 2014-
AND CONSERVATION 665X 928X ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
1570- 1570- PLANT & ANIMAL
ANIMAL BIOLOGY 7555 7563 SCIENCE
1049- 1532- PLANT & ANIMAL
ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 5398 2378 SCIENCE

91
 1435- 1435- PLANT & ANIMAL
ANIMAL COGNITION 9448 9456 SCIENCE
1367- 1469-
ANIMAL CONSERVATION 9430 1795 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE 0377- 1873- PLANT & ANIMAL
AND TECHNOLOGY 8401 2216 SCIENCE
0268- 1365- PLANT & ANIMAL
ANIMAL GENETICS 9146 2052 SCIENCE
ANIMAL HEALTH 1466- 1475- PLANT & ANIMAL
RESEARCH REVIEWS 2523 2654 SCIENCE
ANIMAL REPRODUCTION 0378- 1873- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 4320 2232 SCIENCE
ANIMAL SCIENCE 1344- 1740- PLANT & ANIMAL
JOURNAL 3941 0929 SCIENCE
ANIMAL SCIENCE PAPERS 0860-
AND REPORTS 4037 NULL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
ANNALS OF
AGRICULTURAL AND
ENVIRONMENTAL 1232- 1898-
MEDICINE 1966 2263 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ANNALS OF APPLIED 0003- 1744-
BIOLOGY 4746 7348 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0305- 1095- PLANT & ANIMAL
ANNALS OF BOTANY 7364 8290 SCIENCE
ANNALS OF CLINICAL 0004- 1758-
BIOCHEMISTRY 5632 1001 CLINICAL MEDICINE
ANNALS OF FOREST 1286- 1297- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 4560 966X SCIENCE
ANNALS OF 1590- 1869-
MICROBIOLOGY 4261 2044 MICROBIOLOGY
0364- 1531- NEUROSCIENCE &
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY 5134 8249 BEHAVIOR
ANNALS OF NUTRITION 0250- 1421-
AND METABOLISM 6807 9697 CLINICAL MEDICINE
0003- 1464- SOCIAL SCIENCES,
ANNALS OF SCIENCE 3790 505X GENERAL
APPLIED AND
ENVIRONMENTAL 0099- 1098- BIOLOGY &
MICROBIOLOGY 2240 5336 BIOCHEMISTRY
APPLIED ANIMAL 0168- 1872- PLANT & ANIMAL
BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE 1591 9045 SCIENCE
APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY 0273- 1559- BIOLOGY &
AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2289 0291 BIOCHEMISTRY

92
APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY 0003- 1573- BIOLOGY &
AND MICROBIOLOGY 6838 8183 BIOCHEMISTRY
APPLIED ENGINEERING IN 0883- 1943-
AGRICULTURE 8542 7838 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY 0003- 1347- PLANT & ANIMAL
AND ZOOLOGY 6862 605X SCIENCE
APPLIED VEGETATION 1402- 1654- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 2001 109X SCIENCE
AQUACULTURAL 0144- 1873- PLANT & ANIMAL
ENGINEERING 8609 5614 SCIENCE
AQUACULTURE
ECONOMICS & 1365- 1551- PLANT & ANIMAL
MANAGEMENT 7305 8663 SCIENCE
AQUACULTURE 1353- 1365- PLANT & ANIMAL
NUTRITION 5773 2095 SCIENCE
1355- 1365- PLANT & ANIMAL
AQUACULTURE RESEARCH 557X 2109 SCIENCE
0044- 1873- PLANT & ANIMAL
AQUACULTURE 8486 5622 SCIENCE
0304- 1879- PLANT & ANIMAL
AQUATIC BOTANY 3770 1522 SCIENCE
AQUATIC CONSERVATION-
MARINE AND
FRESHWATER 1052- 1099-
ECOSYSTEMS 7613 0755 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
1386- 1573-
AQUATIC ECOLOGY 2588 5125 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM 1463- 1539-
HEALTH & MANAGEMENT 4988 4077 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
0165- 1744- PLANT & ANIMAL
AQUATIC INSECTS 0424 4152 SCIENCE
AQUATIC LIVING 0990- 1765- PLANT & ANIMAL
RESOURCES 7440 2952 SCIENCE
AQUATIC MICROBIAL 0948- 1616- PLANT & ANIMAL
ECOLOGY 3055 1564 SCIENCE
1015- 1420- PLANT & ANIMAL
AQUATIC SCIENCES 1621 9055 SCIENCE
0166- 1879- PLANT & ANIMAL
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY 445X 1514 SCIENCE
ARCHIVES OF ANIMAL 1745- 1477- PLANT & ANIMAL
NUTRITION 039X 2817 SCIENCE
ARCHIVES OF
BIOCHEMISTRY AND 0003- 1096- BIOLOGY &
BIOPHYSICS 9861 0384 BIOCHEMISTRY

93
ARCHIVES OF
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONTAMINATION AND 0090- 1432-
TOXICOLOGY 4341 0703 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ARCHIVES OF 0302- 1432-
MICROBIOLOGY 8933 072X MICROBIOLOGY
ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY 0003- 1543-
& LABORATORY MEDICINE 9985 2165 CLINICAL MEDICINE
ARCHIVES OF 0340- 1432- PHARMACOLOGY &
TOXICOLOGY 5761 0738 TOXICOLOGY
ARTHROPOD STRUCTURE 1467- 1873- PLANT & ANIMAL
& DEVELOPMENT 8039 5495 SCIENCE
ADVANCES IN 0065-
AGRONOMY 2113 NULL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
ADVANCES IN ANATOMY
EMBRYOLOGY AND CELL 0301- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGY 5556 NULL GENETICS
ADVANCES IN APPLIED 0065- BIOLOGY &
MICROBIOLOGY 2164 NULL BIOCHEMISTRY
ADVANCES IN
BIOCHEMICAL
ENGINEERING- 0724- 1616- BIOLOGY &
BIOTECHNOLOGY 6145 8542 BIOCHEMISTRY
ADVANCES IN BOTANICAL 0065- PLANT & ANIMAL
RESEARCH 2296 NULL SCIENCE
ADVANCES IN 0065-
ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2504 NULL ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ADVANCES IN 0065-
IMMUNOLOGY 2776 NULL IMMUNOLOGY
ADVANCES IN INSECT 0065- PLANT & ANIMAL
PHYSIOLOGY 2806 NULL SCIENCE
ADVANCES IN MARINE 0065- PLANT & ANIMAL
BIOLOGY 2881 NULL SCIENCE
ADVANCES IN MICROBIAL 0065-
PHYSIOLOGY 2911 NULL MICROBIOLOGY
ADVANCES IN 0065-
PARASITOLOGY 308X NULL MICROBIOLOGY
AGROECOLOGY AND
SUSTAINABLE FOOD 2168- 2168-
SYSTEMS 3565 3573 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
AGRONOMY FOR
SUSTAINABLE 1774- 1773-
DEVELOPMENT 0746 0155 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

94
ANIMAL CELLS AND 1976- 2151- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
SYSTEMS 8354 2485 GENETICS
ANIMAL NUTRITION AND 0972- 0974-
FEED TECHNOLOGY 2963 181X AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2076- 2076- PLANT & ANIMAL
ANIMALS 2615 2615 SCIENCE
1751- 1751- PLANT & ANIMAL
ANIMAL 7311 732X SCIENCE
ANNALS OF ANIMAL 2300- 2300- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 8733 8733 SCIENCE
ANNALS OF CLINICAL
MICROBIOLOGY AND 1476-
ANTIMICROBIALS 0711 NULL MICROBIOLOGY
ANNALS OF FOREST 1844- PLANT & ANIMAL
RESEARCH 8135 NULL SCIENCE
ANNUAL REVIEW OF 0066- BIOLOGY &
BIOCHEMISTRY 4154 NULL BIOCHEMISTRY
ANNUAL REVIEW OF CELL
AND DEVELOPMENTAL 1081- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGY 0706 NULL GENETICS
ANNUAL REVIEW OF 0066- PLANT & ANIMAL
ENTOMOLOGY 4170 NULL SCIENCE
ANNUAL REVIEW OF
ENVIRONMENT AND 1543-
RESOURCES 5938 NULL ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ANNUAL REVIEW OF FOOD
SCIENCE AND 1941-
TECHNOLOGY 1413 NULL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
ANNUAL REVIEW OF 0066-
MICROBIOLOGY 4227 NULL MICROBIOLOGY
ANNUAL REVIEW OF 0199-
NUTRITION 9885 NULL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
ANNUAL REVIEW OF 0066- BIOLOGY &
PHYSIOLOGY 4278 NULL BIOCHEMISTRY
ANNUAL REVIEW OF 1543- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT BIOLOGY 5008 NULL SCIENCE
2041- 2041- PLANT & ANIMAL
AOB PLANTS 2851 2851 SCIENCE
APPLICABLE ANALYSIS
AND DISCRETE 1452-
MATHEMATICS 8630 NULL MATHEMATICS
APPLICATIONS IN PLANT 2168- 2168- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCES 0450 0450 SCIENCE

95
APPLIED BIOLOGICAL 2468- 2468-
CHEMISTRY 0834 0842 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
AQUACULTURE
ENVIRONMENT 1869- 1869- PLANT & ANIMAL
INTERACTIONS 215X 7534 SCIENCE
1864- 1864- PLANT & ANIMAL
AQUATIC BIOLOGY 7790 7782 SCIENCE
ARCHIVES OF AGRONOMY 0365- 1476-
AND SOIL SCIENCE 0340 3567 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
ARCHIVES OF BIOLOGICAL 0354- 1821- BIOLOGY &
SCIENCES 4664 4339 BIOCHEMISTRY
ARTHROPOD
SYSTEMATICS & 1863- 1864- PLANT & ANIMAL
PHYLOGENY 7221 8312 SCIENCE
ARTHROPOD-PLANT 1872- 1872- PLANT & ANIMAL
INTERACTIONS 8855 8847 SCIENCE
ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL
OF TROPICAL 2221- 2588-
BIOMEDICINE 1691 9222 CLINICAL MEDICINE
ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL 1995- 2352-
OF TROPICAL MEDICINE 7645 4146 CLINICAL MEDICINE
AUSTRIAN JOURNAL OF 0379- 0375- PLANT & ANIMAL
FOREST SCIENCE 5292 524X SCIENCE
BASIC & CLINICAL
PHARMACOLOGY & 1742- 1742- PHARMACOLOGY &
TOXICOLOGY 7835 7843 TOXICOLOGY
BASIC AND APPLIED 1439- 1618-
ECOLOGY 1791 0089 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY 0340- 1432- PLANT & ANIMAL
AND SOCIOBIOLOGY 5443 0762 SCIENCE
1045- 1465- PLANT & ANIMAL
BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY 2249 7279 SCIENCE
BIOCATALYSIS AND 1024- 1029- BIOLOGY &
BIOTRANSFORMATION 2422 2446 BIOCHEMISTRY
0327- 1667- BIOLOGY &
BIOCELL 9545 5746 BIOCHEMISTRY
BIOCHEMICAL 0006- 1873- PHARMACOLOGY &
PHARMACOLOGY 2952 2968 TOXICOLOGY
BIOCHEMICAL
SYSTEMATICS AND 0305- 1873- BIOLOGY &
ECOLOGY 1978 2925 BIOCHEMISTRY
0006- BIOLOGY &
BIOCHEMISTRY 2960 NULL BIOCHEMISTRY

96
BIOCONTROL SCIENCE 0958- 1360-
AND TECHNOLOGY 3157 0478 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
1342- 1884-
BIOCONTROL SCIENCE 4815 0205 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
1386- 1573-
BIOCONTROL 6141 8248 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0923- 1572- BIOLOGY &
BIODEGRADATION 9820 9729 BIOCHEMISTRY
BIODIVERSITY AND 0960- 1572-
CONSERVATION 3115 9710 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
1173- 1179- PHARMACOLOGY &
BIODRUGS 8804 190X TOXICOLOGY
BIOLOGICAL &
PHARMACEUTICAL 0918- PHARMACOLOGY &
BULLETIN 6158 NULL TOXICOLOGY
BIOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE 0144- 2165-
& HORTICULTURE 8765 0616 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0006- 1939- BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 3185 8697 BIOCHEMISTRY
1431- 1437- BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY 6730 4315 BIOCHEMISTRY
BIOLOGICAL 0006- 1873-
CONSERVATION 3207 2917 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
1049- 1090- PLANT & ANIMAL
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL 9644 2112 SCIENCE
0716- 0717- BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH 9760 6287 BIOCHEMISTRY
1464- 1469- BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS 7931 185X BIOCHEMISTRY
1045- 1095- PHARMACOLOGY &
BIOLOGICALS 1056 8320 TOXICOLOGY
BIOLOGY AND
ENVIRONMENT-
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 0791- 2009-
ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY 7945 003X ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY 0178- 1432-
OF SOILS 2762 0789 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
1062- 1026- BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGY BULLETIN 3590 3470 BIOCHEMISTRY
1525- 1526- BIOLOGY &
BIOMACROMOLECULES 7797 4602 BIOCHEMISTRY
BIOMEDICAL AND
ENVIRONMENTAL 0895-
SCIENCES 3988 NULL ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY

97
 0006- 1097- BIOLOGY &
BIOPOLYMERS 3525 0282 BIOCHEMISTRY
BIOPROCESS AND
BIOSYSTEMS 1615- 1615-
ENGINEERING 7591 7605 ENGINEERING
BIOREMEDIATION 1088- 1547-
JOURNAL 9868 6529 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
BIORESOURCE 0960- 1873- BIOLOGY &
TECHNOLOGY 8524 2976 BIOCHEMISTRY
BIOSCIENCE
BIOTECHNOLOGY AND 0916- 1347- BIOLOGY &
BIOCHEMISTRY 8451 6947 BIOCHEMISTRY
0144- 1573- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
BIOSCIENCE REPORTS 8463 4935 GENETICS
0006- 1525- BIOLOGY &
BIOSCIENCE 3568 3244 BIOCHEMISTRY
BIOSYSTEMS 1537- 1537-
ENGINEERING 5110 5129 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0303- 1872- BIOLOGY &
BIOSYSTEMS 2647 8324 BIOCHEMISTRY
BIOTECHNIC & 1052- 1473- BIOLOGY &
HISTOCHEMISTRY 0295 7760 BIOCHEMISTRY
0736- 1940- BIOLOGY &
BIOTECHNIQUES 6205 9818 BIOCHEMISTRY
BIOTECHNOLOGY 0734- 1873- BIOLOGY &
ADVANCES 9750 1899 BIOCHEMISTRY
BIOTECHNOLOGY AND 0885- 1470- BIOLOGY &
APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY 4513 8744 BIOCHEMISTRY
BIOTECHNOLOGY AND 0006- 1097- BIOLOGY &
BIOENGINEERING 3592 0290 BIOCHEMISTRY
BIOTECHNOLOGY AND
BIOPROCESS 1226- 1976- BIOLOGY &
ENGINEERING 8372 3816 BIOCHEMISTRY
0141- 1573- BIOLOGY &
BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS 5492 6776 BIOCHEMISTRY
BIOTECHNOLOGY 8756- 1520- BIOLOGY &
PROGRESS 7938 6033 BIOCHEMISTRY
0006- 1744-
BIOTROPICA 3606 7429 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
0006- 0373- PLANT & ANIMAL
BLUMEA 5196 4293 SCIENCE
1976- 1976- BIOLOGY &
BMB REPORTS 6696 670X BIOCHEMISTRY

98
 1471- 1471- BIOLOGY &
BMC BIOCHEMISTRY 2091 2091 BIOCHEMISTRY
1741- BIOLOGY &
BMC BIOLOGY 7007 NULL BIOCHEMISTRY
1472- BIOLOGY &
BMC BIOTECHNOLOGY 6750 NULL BIOCHEMISTRY
1471- 1471- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
BMC CELL BIOLOGY 2121 2121 GENETICS
BMC DEVELOPMENTAL 1471- 1471- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGY 213X 213X GENETICS
1472-
BMC ECOLOGY 6785 NULL ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
BMC EVOLUTIONARY 1471- 1471- PLANT & ANIMAL
BIOLOGY 2148 2148 SCIENCE
1471- 1471- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
BMC GENETICS 2156 2156 GENETICS
1471- 1471-
BMC IMMUNOLOGY 2172 2172 IMMUNOLOGY
1471- 1471-
BMC MICROBIOLOGY 2180 2180 MICROBIOLOGY
BMC MOLECULAR 1471- 1471- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGY 2199 2199 GENETICS
1471- 1471- PLANT & ANIMAL
BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2229 2229 SCIENCE
BMC PHARMACOLOGY & 2050- PHARMACOLOGY &
TOXICOLOGY 6511 NULL TOXICOLOGY
BMC STRUCTURAL 1472- BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGY 6807 NULL BIOCHEMISTRY
1752- BIOLOGY &
BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 0509 NULL BIOCHEMISTRY
BMC VETERINARY 1746- PLANT & ANIMAL
RESEARCH 6148 NULL SCIENCE
2044- 2044-
BMJ OPEN 6055 6055 CLINICAL MEDICINE
0006- 1874- PLANT & ANIMAL
BOTANICAL REVIEW 8101 9372 SCIENCE
0387- 1872- NEUROSCIENCE &
BRAIN & DEVELOPMENT 7604 7131 BEHAVIOR
0278- 1090- NEUROSCIENCE &
BRAIN AND COGNITION 2626 2147 BEHAVIOR
0093- 1090- NEUROSCIENCE &
BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 934X 2155 BEHAVIOR
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND 0006- 1421- NEUROSCIENCE &
EVOLUTION 8977 9743 BEHAVIOR

99
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND 0889- 1090- NEUROSCIENCE &
IMMUNITY 1591 2139 BEHAVIOR
1015- 1750- NEUROSCIENCE &
BRAIN PATHOLOGY 6305 3639 BEHAVIOR
BRAIN RESEARCH 0361- 1873- NEUROSCIENCE &
BULLETIN 9230 2747 BEHAVIOR
0006- 1872- NEUROSCIENCE &
BRAIN RESEARCH 8993 6240 BEHAVIOR
BULLETIN OF
ENTOMOLOGICAL 0007- 1475- PLANT & ANIMAL
RESEARCH 4853 2670 SCIENCE
BULLETIN OF 1721- PLANT & ANIMAL
INSECTOLOGY 8861 NULL SCIENCE
BULLETIN OF MARINE 0007- 1553- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 4977 6955 SCIENCE
1881- 1881- BIOLOGY &
BIOSCIENCE TRENDS 7815 7823 BIOCHEMISTRY
1316- 1316-
BIOAGRO 3361 3361 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
BIOCHEMISTRY AND CELL 0829- 1208- BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGY 8211 6002 BIOCHEMISTRY
1745- BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGY DIRECT 6150 NULL BIOCHEMISTRY
1744- 1744- PLANT & ANIMAL
BIOLOGY LETTERS 9561 957X SCIENCE
2046- 2046- BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGY OPEN 6390 6390 BIOCHEMISTRY
2319- 2320- BIOLOGY &
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 4170 2890 BIOCHEMISTRY
BIOMOLECULES & 1976- 2005- PHARMACOLOGY &
THERAPEUTICS 9148 4483 TOXICOLOGY
2218- 2218- BIOLOGY &
BIOMOLECULES 273X 273X BIOCHEMISTRY
1981- 1981-
BIOSCIENCE JOURNAL 3163 3163 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
BIOSCIENCE OF
MICROBIOTA FOOD AND 2186- 2186-
HEALTH 3342 3342 MICROBIOLOGY
BIOTECHNOLOGY 1860- 1860- BIOLOGY &
JOURNAL 6768 7314 BIOCHEMISTRY
BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR 1754- BIOLOGY &
BIOFUELS 6834 NULL BIOCHEMISTRY
2007- 2007- PLANT & ANIMAL
BOTANICAL SCIENCES 4298 4476 SCIENCE

100
 1999- 1999- PLANT & ANIMAL
BOTANICAL STUDIES 3110 3110 SCIENCE
2381- 2381- PLANT & ANIMAL
BOTANY LETTERS 8107 8115 SCIENCE
1916- 1916- PLANT & ANIMAL
BOTANY 2790 2804 SCIENCE
CELL BIOLOGY AND 0742- 1573- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
TOXICOLOGY 2091 6822 GENETICS
CELL BIOLOGY 1065- 1095- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
INTERNATIONAL 6995 8355 GENETICS
1001- 1748- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
CELL RESEARCH 0602 7838 GENETICS
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR 1425- 1689- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGY LETTERS 8153 1392 GENETICS
CELLULAR AND 0145- 1165- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 5680 158X GENETICS
CELLULAR AND
MOLECULAR LIFE 1420- 1420- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
SCIENCES 682X 9071 GENETICS
CELLULAR AND
MOLECULAR 0272- 1573- NEUROSCIENCE &
NEUROBIOLOGY 4340 6830 BEHAVIOR
0008- 1090-
CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY 8749 2163 IMMUNOLOGY
1462- 1462-
CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY 5814 5822 MICROBIOLOGY
CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY 1015- 1421- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
AND BIOCHEMISTRY 8987 9778 GENETICS
0262- 1478-
CELLULAR POLYMERS 4893 2421 MATERIALS SCIENCE
COMMUNICATIONS IN
SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT 0010- 1532-
ANALYSIS 3624 2416 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
COMPARATIVE
BIOCHEMISTRY AND
PHYSIOLOGY A-
MOLECULAR & 1095- 1531- BIOLOGY &
INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 6433 4332 BIOCHEMISTRY
COMPARATIVE
BIOCHEMISTRY AND
PHYSIOLOGY B-
BIOCHEMISTRY & 1096- 1879- BIOLOGY &
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 4959 1107 BIOCHEMISTRY

101
COMPARATIVE
BIOCHEMISTRY AND
PHYSIOLOGY C-
TOXICOLOGY & 1532- 1878- BIOLOGY &
PHARMACOLOGY 0456 1659 BIOCHEMISTRY
COMPARATIVE
IMMUNOLOGY
MICROBIOLOGY AND 0147- 1878- PLANT & ANIMAL
INFECTIOUS DISEASES 9571 1667 SCIENCE
COMPARATIVE 1525- 1938-
PARASITOLOGY 2647 2952 MICROBIOLOGY
COMPOST SCIENCE & 1065- 2326-
UTILIZATION 657X 2397 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS
IN FOOD SCIENCE AND 1541- 1541-
FOOD SAFETY 4337 4337 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0888- 1523-
CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 8892 1739 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
0722- 1432- PLANT & ANIMAL
CORAL REEFS 4028 0975 SCIENCE
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 1064- 1547-
AND TECHNOLOGY 3389 6537 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN
FOOD SCIENCE AND 1040- 1549-
NUTRITION 8398 7852 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN 1040- 2162-
IMMUNOLOGY 8401 6472 IMMUNOLOGY
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN 1040- 1549-
MICROBIOLOGY 841X 7828 MICROBIOLOGY
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN 0735- 1549- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT SCIENCES 2689 7836 SCIENCE
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN 1040- 1547- PHARMACOLOGY &
TOXICOLOGY 8444 6898 TOXICOLOGY
0011- 1435-
CROP SCIENCE 183X 0653 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0960- 1879- BIOLOGY &
CURRENT BIOLOGY 9822 0445 BIOCHEMISTRY
0343- 1432-
CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY 8651 0991 MICROBIOLOGY
CURRENT MOLECULAR 1566- 1875-
MEDICINE 5240 5666 CLINICAL MEDICINE
CURRENT OPINION IN 1369- 1879-
MICROBIOLOGY 5274 0364 MICROBIOLOGY

102
CURRENT OPINION IN 1471- 1471- PHARMACOLOGY &
PHARMACOLOGY 4892 4973 TOXICOLOGY
CURRENT OPINION IN 1369- 1879- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT BIOLOGY 5266 0356 SCIENCE
CURRENT
PHARMACEUTICAL 1389- 1873- PHARMACOLOGY &
BIOTECHNOLOGY 2010 4316 TOXICOLOGY
0011- 0011-
CURRENT SCIENCE 3891 3891 MULTIDISCIPLINARY
2228- 2228- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
CELL JOURNAL 5806 5814 GENETICS
2211- 2211- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
CELL REPORTS 1247 1247 GENETICS
2405- 2405- BIOLOGY &
CELL SYSTEMS 4712 4720 BIOCHEMISTRY
2045- BIOLOGY &
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE 3701 NULL BIOCHEMISTRY
2073- 2073- BIOLOGY &
CELLS 4409 4409 BIOCHEMISTRY
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR 1672- 2042-
IMMUNOLOGY 7681 0226 IMMUNOLOGY
CENTRAL EUROPEAN
JOURNAL OF 1426- 1644-
IMMUNOLOGY 3912 4124 IMMUNOLOGY
1860- 1860- PHARMACOLOGY &
CHEMMEDCHEM 7179 7187 TOXICOLOGY
CHEMICAL BIOLOGY & 1747- 1747- BIOLOGY &
DRUG DESIGN 0277 0285 BIOCHEMISTRY
CURRENT OPINION IN
ENVIRONMENTAL 1877- 1877-
SUSTAINABILITY 3435 3443 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
CURRENT OPINION IN 2214- 2214-
FOOD SCIENCE 7993 8000 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
CURRENT OPINION IN 2214- 2214-
INSECT SCIENCE 5745 5753 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
CURRENT TOPICS IN
DEVELOPMENTAL 0070- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGY 2153 NULL GENETICS
CURRENT TOPICS IN
MICROBIOLOGY AND 0070- 2196-
IMMUNOLOGY 217X 9965 IMMUNOLOGY
CURRENT TOPICS IN
NUTRACEUTICAL 1540- PHARMACOLOGY &
RESEARCH 7535 NULL TOXICOLOGY

103
 1674- 2396- PLANT & ANIMAL
CURRENT ZOOLOGY 5507 9814 SCIENCE
0974- 1742-
CYTOJOURNAL 5963 6413 CLINICAL MEDICINE
0095- 1934- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
CYTOLOGY AND GENETICS 4527 9440 GENETICS
DEVELOPMENTAL 0012- 1095- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGY 1606 564X GENETICS
DRUG DEVELOPMENT AND 0363- 1520- PHARMACOLOGY &
INDUSTRIAL PHARMACY 9045 5762 TOXICOLOGY
DRUG DEVELOPMENT 0272- 1098- PHARMACOLOGY &
RESEARCH 4391 2299 TOXICOLOGY
0012- 1179- PHARMACOLOGY &
DRUGS 6667 1950 TOXICOLOGY
DAIRY SCIENCE & 1958- 1958-
TECHNOLOGY 5586 5594 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0906- 1600-
ECOGRAPHY 7590 0587 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ECOHYDROLOGY & 1642- 2080-
HYDROBIOLOGY 3593 3397 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ECOLOGICAL 1051- 1939-
APPLICATIONS 0761 5582 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
0921- 1873-
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS 8009 6106 ECONOMICS & BUSINESS
ECOLOGICAL 0307- 1365- PLANT & ANIMAL
ENTOMOLOGY 6946 2311 SCIENCE
ECOLOGICAL
MANAGEMENT & 1442- 1442-
RESTORATION 7001 8903 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
0304- 1872-
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING 3800 7026 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ECOLOGICAL 0012- 1557-
MONOGRAPHS 9615 7015 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
0912- 1440-
ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH 3814 1703 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
1708- SOCIAL SCIENCES,
ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY 3087 NULL GENERAL
1461- 1461-
ECOLOGY LETTERS 023X 0248 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ECOLOGY OF FOOD AND 0367- 1543-
NUTRITION 0244 5237 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
ECOLOGY OF 0906- 1600- PLANT & ANIMAL
FRESHWATER FISH 6691 0633 SCIENCE

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 0012- 1939-
ECOLOGY 9658 9170 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
0013- 1874- PLANT & ANIMAL
ECONOMIC BOTANY 0001 9364 SCIENCE
1195- 2376-
ECOSCIENCE 6860 7626 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
1432- 1435-
ECOSYSTEMS 9840 0629 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND 0147- 1090-
ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 6513 2414 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
0963- 1573-
ECOTOXICOLOGY 9292 3017 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENT AND 0013- 1552- SOCIAL SCIENCES,
BEHAVIOR 9165 390X GENERAL
ENVIRONMENT AND 0956- 1746- SOCIAL SCIENCES,
URBANIZATION 2478 0301 GENERAL
ENVIRONMENT
DEVELOPMENT AND 1387- 1573-
SUSTAINABILITY 585X 2975 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL &
ENGINEERING 1078- 1558-
GEOSCIENCE 7275 9161 GEOSCIENCES
ENVIRONMENTAL & 0924- 1573-
RESOURCE ECONOMICS 6460 1502 ECONOMICS & BUSINESS
ENVIRONMENTAL AND 0098- 1873- PLANT & ANIMAL
EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 8472 7307 SCIENCE
ENVIRONMENTAL 1461- 1749-
ARCHAEOLOGY 4103 6314 GEOSCIENCES
ENVIRONMENTAL 0378- 1573- PLANT & ANIMAL
BIOLOGY OF FISHES 1909 5133 SCIENCE
ENVIRONMENTAL 0376- 1469-
CONSERVATION 8929 4387 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL 1092- 1557-
ENGINEERING SCIENCE 8758 9018 ENGINEERING
ENVIRONMENTAL 0046- 1938- PLANT & ANIMAL
ENTOMOLOGY 225X 2936 SCIENCE
ENVIRONMENTAL FLUID 1567- 1573-
MECHANICS 7419 1510 GEOSCIENCES
ENVIRONMENTAL 1527- 1527-
FORENSICS 5922 5930 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL
GEOCHEMISTRY AND 0269- 1573-
HEALTH 4042 2983 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY

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ENVIRONMENTAL 1462- 1462-
MICROBIOLOGY 2912 2920 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL
MODELING & 1420- 1573-
ASSESSMENT 2026 2967 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL 1364- 1873-
MODELLING & SOFTWARE 8152 6726 COMPUTER SCIENCE
ENVIRONMENTAL
MONITORING AND 0167- 1573-
ASSESSMENT 6369 2959 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL 0269- 1873-
POLLUTION 7491 6424 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL 0013- 1096-
RESEARCH 9351 0953 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL 1208- 1181-
REVIEWS 6053 8700 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 1462- 1873-
& POLICY 9011 6416 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 0013- 1520-
& TECHNOLOGY 936X 5851 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL 0959- 1479-
TECHNOLOGY 3330 487X ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL
TOXICOLOGY AND 0730- 1552-
CHEMISTRY 7268 8618 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL
TOXICOLOGY AND 1382- 1872- PHARMACOLOGY &
PHARMACOLOGY 6689 7077 TOXICOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL 1520- 1522-
TOXICOLOGY 4081 7278 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
0013- 1939- SOCIAL SCIENCES,
ENVIRONMENT 9157 9154 GENERAL
1180- 1099-
ENVIRONMETRICS 4009 095X ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENZYME AND MICROBIAL 0141- 1879- BIOLOGY &
TECHNOLOGY 0229 0909 BIOCHEMISTRY
EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY 1522- 1937-
RESEARCH 0613 3791 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
0269- 1573-
EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY 7653 8477 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
EXPERIMENTAL 0014- 1469-
AGRICULTURE 4797 4441 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY 1535- 1535-
AND MEDICINE 3702 3699 CLINICAL MEDICINE

106
EXPERIMENTAL 0014- 1090-
PARASITOLOGY 4894 2449 MICROBIOLOGY
EXPERIMENTAL 0958- 1469- BIOLOGY &
PHYSIOLOGY 0670 445X BIOCHEMISTRY
EMERGING MICROBES & 2222- 2222-
INFECTIONS 1751 1751 MICROBIOLOGY
EMIRATES JOURNAL OF 2079- 2079-
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 052X 0538 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
ENDANGERED SPECIES 1863- 1613-
RESEARCH 5407 4796 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENERGY & 1754- 1754-
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 5692 5706 CHEMISTRY
1476-
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 069X NULL ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL 1758- 1758-
MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2229 2229 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCE-PROCESSES & 2050- 2050-
IMPACTS 7887 7895 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
ENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCE-WATER
RESEARCH & 2053- 2053-
TECHNOLOGY 1400 1419 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
1229- 1875-
FIBERS AND POLYMERS 9197 0052 MATERIALS SCIENCE
0015- 1573-
FIBRE CHEMISTRY 0541 8493 CHEMISTRY
FISH & SHELLFISH 1050- 1095- PLANT & ANIMAL
IMMUNOLOGY 4648 9947 SCIENCE
1467- 1467- PLANT & ANIMAL
FISH AND FISHERIES 2960 2979 SCIENCE
0388- PLANT & ANIMAL
FISH PATHOLOGY 788X NULL SCIENCE
FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND 0920- 1573- PLANT & ANIMAL
BIOCHEMISTRY 1742 5168 SCIENCE
FISHERIES MANAGEMENT 0969- 1365- PLANT & ANIMAL
AND ECOLOGY 997X 2400 SCIENCE
FISHERIES 1054- 1365- PLANT & ANIMAL
OCEANOGRAPHY 6006 2419 SCIENCE
0165- 1872- PLANT & ANIMAL
FISHERIES RESEARCH 7836 6763 SCIENCE
0919- 1444- PLANT & ANIMAL
FISHERIES SCIENCE 9268 2906 SCIENCE

107
 0363- 1548- PLANT & ANIMAL
FISHERIES 2415 8446 SCIENCE
0090- 1937- PLANT & ANIMAL
FISHERY BULLETIN 0656 4518 SCIENCE
FOOD AND
AGRICULTURAL 0954- 1465-
IMMUNOLOGY 0105 3443 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS 0960- 1744-
PROCESSING 3085 3571 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
FOOD AND CHEMICAL 0278- 1873- PHARMACOLOGY &
TOXICOLOGY 6915 6351 TOXICOLOGY
FOOD AND NUTRITION 0379- 1564-
BULLETIN 5721 8265 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0890- 1532-
FOOD BIOTECHNOLOGY 5436 4249 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0740- 1095-
FOOD MICROBIOLOGY 0020 9998 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
FOOD SCIENCE AND 1226- 2092-
BIOTECHNOLOGY 7708 6456 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
FOOD SCIENCE AND 1344-
TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 6606 NULL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
FOOD TECHNOLOGY AND 1330- 1334-
BIOTECHNOLOGY 9862 2606 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0015- 0015-
FOOD TECHNOLOGY 6639 6639 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
FOREST ECOLOGY AND 0378- 1872- PLANT & ANIMAL
MANAGEMENT 1127 7042 SCIENCE
1437- 1439- PLANT & ANIMAL
FOREST PATHOLOGY 4781 0329 SCIENCE
FOREST PRODUCTS 0015- 0015- PLANT & ANIMAL
JOURNAL 7473 7473 SCIENCE
0015- 1938- PLANT & ANIMAL
FOREST SCIENCE 749X 3738 SCIENCE
0015- 1464- PLANT & ANIMAL
FORESTRY 752X 3626 SCIENCE
0046- 1365- PLANT & ANIMAL
FRESHWATER BIOLOGY 5070 2427 SCIENCE
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY 1540- 1540-
AND THE ENVIRONMENT 9295 9309 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
0269- 1365-
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY 8463 2435 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
FUNCTIONAL PLANT 1445- 1445- PLANT & ANIMAL
BIOLOGY 4408 4416 SCIENCE

108
 1560- 1878- PLANT & ANIMAL
FUNGAL DIVERSITY 2745 9129 SCIENCE
FUNGAL GENETICS AND 1087- 1096- PLANT & ANIMAL
BIOLOGY 1845 0937 SCIENCE
2042- 2042-
FOOD & FUNCTION 6496 650X AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
FOOD & NUTRITION 1654- 1654-
RESEARCH 6628 661X AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
FOOD CULTURE & 1552- 1751- SOCIAL SCIENCES,
SOCIETY 8014 7443 GENERAL
FOOD PACKAGING AND 2214- 2214-
SHELF LIFE 2894 2894 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
FOOD SCIENCE & 2048- 2048-
NUTRITION 7177 7177 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
FOOD SCIENCE AND 0101- 1678-
TECHNOLOGY 2061 457X AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
FOOD AND BIOPROCESS 1935- 1935-
TECHNOLOGY 5130 5149 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
FOODBORNE PATHOGENS 1535- 1556-
AND DISEASE 3141 7125 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
FORENSIC SCIENCE
MEDICINE AND 1547- 1556-
PATHOLOGY 769X 2891 CLINICAL MEDICINE
1860- 1860- PHARMACOLOGY &
FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY 8965 8973 TOXICOLOGY
2095- 2197- PLANT & ANIMAL
FOREST ECOSYSTEMS 6355 5620 SCIENCE
2171- 2171- PLANT & ANIMAL
FOREST SYSTEMS 5068 9845 SCIENCE
1999- 1999- PLANT & ANIMAL
FORESTS 4907 4907 SCIENCE
FOUNDATIONS OF 1233- 1572- SOCIAL SCIENCES,
SCIENCE 1821 8471 GENERAL
2161- 2161- PLANT & ANIMAL
FRESHWATER SCIENCE 9549 9565 SCIENCE
FRONTIERS IN LIFE 2155- 2155-
SCIENCE 3769 3777 MULTIDISCIPLINARY
FRONTIERS IN 1664- 1664-
MICROBIOLOGY 302X 302X MICROBIOLOGY
FRONTIERS IN 1663- 1663- PHARMACOLOGY &
PHARMACOLOGY 9812 9812 TOXICOLOGY
FRONTIERS IN 1664- 1664- BIOLOGY &
PHYSIOLOGY 042X 042X BIOCHEMISTRY

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FRONTIERS IN PLANT 1664- 1664- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 462X 462X SCIENCE
1742- PLANT & ANIMAL
FRONTIERS IN ZOOLOGY 9994 NULL SCIENCE
FRONTIERS OF
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2095- 2095-
& ENGINEERING 2201 221X ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
FUNDAMENTAL AND 1863- 1863- PLANT & ANIMAL
APPLIED LIMNOLOGY 9135 9135 SCIENCE
FUNGAL BIOLOGY 1749- 1878- BIOLOGY &
REVIEWS 4613 0253 BIOCHEMISTRY
1878- 1878- PLANT & ANIMAL
FUNGAL BIOLOGY 6146 6162 SCIENCE
1754- 1878- PLANT & ANIMAL
FUNGAL ECOLOGY 5048 0083 SCIENCE
1746- 1746-
FUTURE MICROBIOLOGY 0913 0921 MICROBIOLOGY
HERPETOLOGICAL 0268- 0268- PLANT & ANIMAL
JOURNAL 0130 0130 SCIENCE
0862- 1805-
HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE 867X 9333 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0018- 2327-
HORTSCIENCE 5345 9834 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
1063- 1943-
HORTTECHNOLOGY 0198 7714 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL 1080- 1549-
RISK ASSESSMENT 7039 7860 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE 1226- 2465-
& TECHNOLOGY 8763 8588 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
HORTICULTURE
ENVIRONMENT AND 2211- 2211-
BIOTECHNOLOGY 3452 3460 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2189- 2189-
HORTICULTURE JOURNAL 0102 0110 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2052- 2052-
HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 7276 7276 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
IMMUNOLOGICAL 0882- 1532-
INVESTIGATIONS 0139 4311 IMMUNOLOGY
IMMUNOLOGICAL 0105- 1600-
REVIEWS 2896 065X IMMUNOLOGY
IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL 0818- 1440-
BIOLOGY 9641 1711 IMMUNOLOGY
0165- 1879-
IMMUNOLOGY LETTERS 2478 0542 IMMUNOLOGY

110
 0019- 1365-
IMMUNOLOGY 2805 2567 IMMUNOLOGY
IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
AND 0892- 1532-
IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY 3973 2513 IMMUNOLOGY
INTERNATIONAL 1465- 2053- PLANT & ANIMAL
FORESTRY REVIEW 5489 7778 SCIENCE
INTERNATIONAL 0953- 1460-
IMMUNOLOGY 8178 2377 IMMUNOLOGY
INTERNATIONAL 1567- 1878- PHARMACOLOGY &
IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY 5769 1705 TOXICOLOGY
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 0020- 1879-
FOR PARASITOLOGY 7519 0135 MICROBIOLOGY
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
OF AGRICULTURE AND 1560- 1814-
BIOLOGY 8530 9596 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
OF ANTIMICROBIAL 0924- 1872- PHARMACOLOGY &
AGENTS 8579 7913 TOXICOLOGY
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL 1357- 1878- BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGY 2725 5875 BIOCHEMISTRY
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
OF BIOLOGICAL 0141- 1879- BIOLOGY &
MACROMOLECULES 8130 0003 BIOCHEMISTRY
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 0168- 1879-
OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY 1605 3460 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
OF FOOD SCIENCE AND 0950- 1365-
TECHNOLOGY 5423 2621 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
OF FOOD SCIENCES AND 0963- 1465-
NUTRITION 7486 3478 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
HERPETOLOGICAL 0268- 0268- PLANT & ANIMAL
JOURNAL 0130 0130 SCIENCE
0862- 1805-
HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE 867X 9333 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0018- 2327-
HORTSCIENCE 5345 9834 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
1063- 1943-
HORTTECHNOLOGY 0198 7714 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL 1080- 1549-
RISK ASSESSMENT 7039 7860 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY

111
HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE 1226- 2465-
& TECHNOLOGY 8763 8588 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
HORTICULTURE
ENVIRONMENT AND 2211- 2211-
BIOTECHNOLOGY 3452 3460 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2189- 2189-
HORTICULTURE JOURNAL 0102 0110 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2052- 2052-
HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 7276 7276 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
INTERNATIONAL FOOD 1985- 2231-
RESEARCH JOURNAL 4668 7546 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
FOR PARASITOLOGY-
DRUGS AND DRUG 2211- 2211-
RESISTANCE 3207 3207 MICROBIOLOGY
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
FOR PARASITOLOGY- 2213- 2213- PLANT & ANIMAL
PARASITES AND WILDLIFE 2244 2244 SCIENCE
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 1449- 1449- BIOLOGY &
OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2288 2288 BIOCHEMISTRY
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
OF ENVIRONMENTAL 1735- 2008-
RESEARCH 6865 2304 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
OF ENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCE AND 1735- 1735-
TECHNOLOGY 1472 2630 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 2194- 1556-
OF FOOD ENGINEERING 5764 3758 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF
AGRICULTURAL AND 0021- 1520-
FOOD CHEMISTRY 8561 5118 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF 0021- 1469-
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 8596 5146 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY 0931- 1439-
AND CROP SCIENCE 2250 037X AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND 1230- 1230- PLANT & ANIMAL
FEED SCIENCES 1388 1388 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL 0931- 1439- PLANT & ANIMAL
BREEDING AND GENETICS 2668 0388 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL 0021- 1365- PLANT & ANIMAL
ECOLOGY 8790 2656 SCIENCE

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JOURNAL OF ANIMAL
PHYSIOLOGY AND 0931- 1439- PLANT & ANIMAL
ANIMAL NUTRITION 2439 0396 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL 0021- 1525- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 8812 3163 SCIENCE
0021- 0021- PHARMACOLOGY &
JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS 8820 8820 TOXICOLOGY
JOURNAL OF
ANTIMICROBIAL 0305- 1460- PHARMACOLOGY &
CHEMOTHERAPY 7453 2091 TOXICOLOGY
JOURNAL OF APPLIED 0021- 1365-
ECOLOGY 8901 2664 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
JOURNAL OF APPLIED 1364- 1365- BIOLOGY &
MICROBIOLOGY 5072 2672 BIOCHEMISTRY
JOURNAL OF APPLIED 0921- 1573- PLANT & ANIMAL
PHYCOLOGY 8971 5176 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF APPLIED 0021- 1097-
POLYMER SCIENCE 8995 4628 CHEMISTRY
JOURNAL OF APPLIED 1056- 1537- PLANT & ANIMAL
POULTRY RESEARCH 6171 0437 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF APPLIED 0260- 1099- PHARMACOLOGY &
TOXICOLOGY 437X 1263 TOXICOLOGY
JOURNAL OF AQUATIC 0899- 1548- PLANT & ANIMAL
ANIMAL HEALTH 7659 8667 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF AQUATIC 0146- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT MANAGEMENT 6623 NULL SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF 0021- 1098-
BACTERIOLOGY 9193 5530 MICROBIOLOGY
JOURNAL OF BASIC 0233- 1521-
MICROBIOLOGY 111X 4028 MICROBIOLOGY
JOURNAL OF
BIOCHEMICAL AND 1095- 1099- PHARMACOLOGY &
MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY 6670 0461 TOXICOLOGY
JOURNAL OF 0021- 1756- BIOLOGY &
BIOCHEMISTRY 924X 2651 BIOCHEMISTRY
JOURNAL OF 0305- 1365-
BIOGEOGRAPHY 0270 2699 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL 0021- 1083- BIOLOGY &
CHEMISTRY 9258 351X BIOCHEMISTRY
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL 1021- 1423-
SCIENCE 7770 0127 CLINICAL MEDICINE
0250- 0973- BIOLOGY &
JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES 5991 7138 BIOCHEMISTRY

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JOURNAL OF 0168- 1873- BIOLOGY &
BIOTECHNOLOGY 1656 4863 BIOCHEMISTRY
0373- 1743- PLANT & ANIMAL
JOURNAL OF BRYOLOGY 6687 2820 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF CELL 0021- 1540- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGY 9525 8140 GENETICS
JOURNAL OF CELL 0021- 1477- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
SCIENCE 9533 9137 GENETICS
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR
AND MOLECULAR 1582- 1582- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
MEDICINE 4934 4934 GENETICS
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR 0730- 1097- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
BIOCHEMISTRY 2312 4644 GENETICS
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR 0021- 1097- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
PHYSIOLOGY 9541 4652 GENETICS
0022- 1365-
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 0477 2745 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC 0022- 1938- PLANT & ANIMAL
ENTOMOLOGY 0493 291X SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF
ENTOMOLOGICAL 0749- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 8004 NULL SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF
ENVIRONMENTAL 0254- 0254-
BIOLOGY 8704 8704 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
JOURNAL OF
ENVIRONMENTAL
PATHOLOGY TOXICOLOGY 0731- 2162- PHARMACOLOGY &
AND ONCOLOGY 8898 6537 TOXICOLOGY
JOURNAL OF
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
AND HEALTH PART A-
TOXIC/HAZARDOUS
SUBSTANCES &
ENVIRONMENTAL 1093- 1532-
ENGINEERING 4529 4117 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
JOURNAL OF
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
AND HEALTH PART B-
PESTICIDES FOOD
CONTAMINANTS AND 0360- 1532-
AGRICULTURAL WASTES 1234 4109 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
JOURNAL OF 1059- 1532-
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 0501 4095 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY

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AND HEALTH PART C-
ENVIRONMENTAL
CARCINOGENESIS &
ECOTOXICOLOGY REVIEWS
JOURNAL OF
ENVIRONMENTAL 1001- 1878-
SCIENCES 0742 7320 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
JOURNAL OF 0278- 2162- BIOLOGY &
ETHNOBIOLOGY 0771 4496 BIOCHEMISTRY
JOURNAL OF 0378- PHARMACOLOGY &
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 8741 NULL TOXICOLOGY
JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC 1066- 1550-
MICROBIOLOGY 5234 7408 MICROBIOLOGY
JOURNAL OF 0022- 1477- BIOLOGY &
EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY 0949 9145 BIOCHEMISTRY
JOURNAL OF 0022- 1460- PLANT & ANIMAL
EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 0957 2431 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF
EXPERIMENTAL MARINE 0022- 1879- PLANT & ANIMAL
BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY 0981 1697 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF
EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY
PART B-MOLECULAR AND
DEVELOPMENTAL 1552- 1552- PLANT & ANIMAL
EVOLUTION 5007 5015 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF FISH 0022- 1095- PLANT & ANIMAL
BIOLOGY 1112 8649 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF FISH 0140- 1365- PLANT & ANIMAL
DISEASES 7775 2761 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF FOOD AND 1021- 1021- PHARMACOLOGY &
DRUG ANALYSIS 9498 9498 TOXICOLOGY
JOURNAL OF FOOD 0145- 1745-
BIOCHEMISTRY 8884 4514 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF FOOD
COMPOSITION AND 0889- 1096-
ANALYSIS 1575 0481 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF FOOD 0260- 1873-
ENGINEERING 8774 5770 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF FOOD 0145- 1745-
PROCESS ENGINEERING 8876 4530 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF FOOD
PROCESSING AND 0145- 1745-
PRESERVATION 8892 4549 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

115
JOURNAL OF FOOD 0362- 1944-
PROTECTION 028X 9097 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF FOOD 0146- 1745-
QUALITY 9428 4557 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF FOOD 0149- 1745-
SAFETY 6085 4565 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF FOOD
SCIENCE AND 0022- 0975-
TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE 1155 8402 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF FOOD 0022- 1750-
SCIENCE 1147 3841 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 1007- 1993- PLANT & ANIMAL
RESEARCH 662X 0607 SCIENCE
0022- 1938- PLANT & ANIMAL
JOURNAL OF FORESTRY 1201 3746 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER 0270- 2156-
ECOLOGY 5060 6941 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
JOURNAL OF GENERAL 0022- 1540- BIOLOGY &
PHYSIOLOGY 1295 7748 BIOCHEMISTRY
JOURNAL OF GENERAL 1345- 1610- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT PATHOLOGY 2630 739X SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF 0022- 1550-
IMMUNOLOGY 1767 6606 IMMUNOLOGY
JOURNAL OF 1524- 1537-
IMMUNOTHERAPY 9557 4513 IMMUNOLOGY
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL 1088- 1530-
ECOLOGY 1980 9290 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL
MICROBIOLOGY & 1367- 1476- BIOLOGY &
BIOTECHNOLOGY 5435 5535 BIOCHEMISTRY
JOURNAL OF INSECT 0892- 1572- PLANT & ANIMAL
BEHAVIOR 7553 8889 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF INSECT 1366- 1572- PLANT & ANIMAL
CONSERVATION 638X 9753 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF INSECT 0022- 1879- PLANT & ANIMAL
PHYSIOLOGY 1910 1611 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF INSECT 1536- 2250- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 2442 2645 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF
INVERTEBRATE 0022- 1096- PLANT & ANIMAL
PATHOLOGY 2011 0805 SCIENCE
1129- 1723-
JOURNAL OF LIMNOLOGY 5767 8633 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY

116
JOURNAL OF MARINE 0022- 1543- PLANT & ANIMAL
RESEARCH 2402 9542 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF MARINE
SCIENCE AND 0948- 1437-
TECHNOLOGY 4280 8213 ENGINEERING
JOURNAL OF MARINE 0924- 1879- PLANT & ANIMAL
SYSTEMS 7963 1573 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF
MICROBIOLOGICAL 0167- 1872-
METHODS 7012 8359 MICROBIOLOGY
JOURNAL OF
MICROBIOLOGY AND 1017- 1738-
BIOTECHNOLOGY 7825 8872 MICROBIOLOGY
JOURNAL OF
MICROBIOLOGY
IMMUNOLOGY AND 1684- 1995-
INFECTION 1182 9133 IMMUNOLOGY
JOURNAL OF 1225- 1976-
MICROBIOLOGY 8873 3794 MICROBIOLOGY
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR
AND CELLULAR 0022- 1095- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
CARDIOLOGY 2828 8584 GENETICS
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR 0022- 1089- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGY 2836 8638 GENETICS
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR
MICROBIOLOGY AND 1464- 1660-
BIOTECHNOLOGY 1801 2412 MICROBIOLOGY
JOURNAL OF PEST 1612- 1612- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 4758 4766 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE 1348- 1349- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 589X 0923 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF
PHARMACEUTICAL AND 0731- 1873- PHARMACOLOGY &
BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS 7085 264X TOXICOLOGY
JOURNAL OF
PHARMACEUTICAL 0022- 1520- PHARMACOLOGY &
SCIENCES 3549 6017 TOXICOLOGY
JOURNAL OF
PHARMACOLOGICAL AND
TOXICOLOGICAL 1056- 1873- PHARMACOLOGY &
METHODS 8719 488X TOXICOLOGY
JOURNAL OF
PHARMACOLOGICAL 1347- 1347- PHARMACOLOGY &
SCIENCES 8613 8648 TOXICOLOGY

117
JOURNAL OF
PHARMACOLOGY AND
EXPERIMENTAL 0022- 1521- PHARMACOLOGY &
THERAPEUTICS 3565 0103 TOXICOLOGY
JOURNAL OF PHARMACY
AND PHARMACEUTICAL 1482- PHARMACOLOGY &
SCIENCES 1826 NULL TOXICOLOGY
JOURNAL OF PHARMACY 0022- 2042- PHARMACOLOGY &
AND PHARMACOLOGY 3573 7158 TOXICOLOGY
0022- 1529- PLANT & ANIMAL
JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 3646 8817 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1138- 1877- BIOLOGY &
AND BIOCHEMISTRY 7548 8755 BIOCHEMISTRY
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 0867- BIOLOGY &
AND PHARMACOLOGY 5910 NULL BIOCHEMISTRY
JOURNAL OF PLANKTON 0142- 1464- PLANT & ANIMAL
RESEARCH 7873 3774 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF PLANT
BIOCHEMISTRY AND 0971- 0974- PLANT & ANIMAL
BIOTECHNOLOGY 7811 1275 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF PLANT 1226- 1867- PLANT & ANIMAL
BIOLOGY 9239 0725 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF PLANT
NUTRITION AND SOIL 1436- 1522-
SCIENCE 8730 2624 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF PLANT 0190- 1532- PLANT & ANIMAL
NUTRITION 4167 4087 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF PLANT 1125- PLANT & ANIMAL
PATHOLOGY 4653 NULL SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF PLANT 0176- 1618- PLANT & ANIMAL
PHYSIOLOGY 1617 1328 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF PLANT 0918- 1618- PLANT & ANIMAL
RESEARCH 9440 0860 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF 0388- 1880- PHARMACOLOGY &
TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES 1350 3989 TOXICOLOGY
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL 0266- 1469-
ECOLOGY 4674 7831 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL 0128- 0128- PLANT & ANIMAL
FOREST SCIENCE 1283 1283 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE 0090- 1943- PLANT & ANIMAL
DISEASES 3558 3700 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE 0022- 1937- PLANT & ANIMAL
MANAGEMENT 541X 2817 SCIENCE

118
JOURNAL OF WOOD
CHEMISTRY AND 0277- 1532-
TECHNOLOGY 3813 2319 MATERIALS SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF WOOD 1435- 1611- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 0211 4663 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGICAL
SYSTEMATICS AND 0947- 1439- PLANT & ANIMAL
EVOLUTIONARY RESEARCH 5745 0469 SCIENCE
0952- 1469- PLANT & ANIMAL
JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 8369 7998 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED 2090- 2090-
RESEARCH 1232 1224 MULTIDISCIPLINARY
JOURNAL OF
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 1680- 1680-
AND TECHNOLOGY 7073 7073 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF 1059- 1545- SOCIAL SCIENCES,
AGROMEDICINE 924X 0813 GENERAL
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL
SCIENCE AND 2049- 2049-
BIOTECHNOLOGY 1891 1891 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND 1018- 1018- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT SCIENCES 7081 7081 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF APPLIED
BIOMATERIALS & 2280- 2280-
FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 8000 8000 MATERIALS SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF APPLIED 1214- 1214- PHARMACOLOGY &
BIOMEDICINE 021X 0287 TOXICOLOGY
JOURNAL OF AQUATIC
FOOD PRODUCT 1049- 1547-
TECHNOLOGY 8850 0636 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF DIABETES 2040- 2040-
INVESTIGATION 1124 1124 CLINICAL MEDICINE
JOURNAL OF DIABETES 2314- 2314-
RESEARCH 6745 6753 CLINICAL MEDICINE
1753- 1753-
JOURNAL OF DIABETES 0393 0407 CLINICAL MEDICINE
JOURNAL OF FOOD AND 1336- 1338-
NUTRITION RESEARCH 8672 4260 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
JOURNAL OF FOREST 1341- 1610- PLANT & ANIMAL
RESEARCH 6979 7403 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF 2314- 2314-
IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 8861 7156 IMMUNOLOGY
JOURNAL OF 1547- 1547- PHARMACOLOGY &
IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY 691X 6901 TOXICOLOGY

119
JOURNAL OF
PHARMACEUTICAL 1872- 1939- PHARMACOLOGY &
INNOVATION 5120 8042 TOXICOLOGY
JOURNAL OF PLANT 1752- 1752- PLANT & ANIMAL
ECOLOGY 9921 993X SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF PLANT 1742- 1742- PLANT & ANIMAL
INTERACTIONS 9145 9153 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF
TOXICOLOGIC 0914- 1881- PHARMACOLOGY &
PATHOLOGY 9198 915X TOXICOLOGY
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY 2450- 2450- PLANT & ANIMAL
RESEARCH 7393 7393 SCIENCE
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY 1229- 1976- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 845X 555X SCIENCE
0024- 1879- BIOLOGY &
LIFE SCIENCES 3205 0631 BIOCHEMISTRY
LIMNOLOGY AND 0024- 1939-
OCEANOGRAPHY 3590 5590 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
1439- 1439-
LIMNOLOGY 8621 863X ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
MACROMOLECULAR 1598- 2092-
RESEARCH 5032 7673 CHEMISTRY
0024- 1520-
MACROMOLECULES 9297 5835 CHEMISTRY
0025- 1432- PLANT & ANIMAL
MARINE BIOLOGY 3162 1793 SCIENCE
1436- 1436- PLANT & ANIMAL
MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY 2228 2236 SCIENCE
MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 0300- 1432-
AND IMMUNOLOGY 8584 1831 IMMUNOLOGY
1369- 1460- PLANT & ANIMAL
MEDICAL MYCOLOGY 3786 2709 SCIENCE
0095- 1432-
MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 3628 184X ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
MICROBIOLOGICAL 0944-
RESEARCH 5013 NULL MICROBIOLOGY
MICROBIOLOGY AND 0385- 1348-
IMMUNOLOGY 5600 0421 MICROBIOLOGY
MICROBIOLOGY AND
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1092- 1098-
REVIEWS 2172 5557 MICROBIOLOGY
1350- 1465-
MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 0872 2080 MICROBIOLOGY

120
 0026- 1608-
MICROBIOLOGY 2617 3237 MICROBIOLOGY
MOLECULAR & CELLULAR 1535- 1535- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
PROTEOMICS 9476 9484 GENETICS
MOLECULAR AND
BIOCHEMICAL 0166- 1872-
PARASITOLOGY 6851 9428 MICROBIOLOGY
MOLECULAR AND 0300- 1573- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY 8177 4919 GENETICS
MOLECULAR AND 0270- 1098- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
CELLULAR BIOLOGY 7306 5549 GENETICS
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF 1059- 1939- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
THE CELL 1524 4586 GENETICS
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 0301- 1573- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
REPORTS 4851 4978 GENETICS
0026- 1608- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 8933 3245 GENETICS
MOLECULAR 1073- 1559- BIOLOGY &
BIOTECHNOLOGY 6085 0305 BIOCHEMISTRY
0962- 1365-
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY 1083 294X ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
MOLECULAR 0950- 1365-
MICROBIOLOGY 382X 2958 MICROBIOLOGY
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & 1613- 1613-
FOOD RESEARCH 4125 4133 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
MOLECULAR 1543- PHARMACOLOGY &
PHARMACEUTICS 8384 NULL TOXICOLOGY
MOLECULAR 0026- 1521- PHARMACOLOGY &
PHARMACOLOGY 895X 0111 TOXICOLOGY
MOLECULAR PLANT 1464- 1364- PLANT & ANIMAL
PATHOLOGY 6722 3703 SCIENCE
MOLECULAR PLANT- 0894- 1943- PLANT & ANIMAL
MICROBE INTERACTIONS 0282 7706 SCIENCE
1229- 2092- BIOLOGY &
MYCOBIOLOGY 8093 9323 BIOCHEMISTRY
1867- 1867-
MARINE BIODIVERSITY 1616 1624 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
MARINE BIOLOGY 1745- 1745- PLANT & ANIMAL
RESEARCH 1000 1019 SCIENCE
1660- 1660- PHARMACOLOGY &
MARINE DRUGS 3397 3397 TOXICOLOGY
MICROBIAL 1751- 1751-
BIOTECHNOLOGY 7915 7915 MICROBIOLOGY

121
MICROBIAL DRUG 1076- 1931- PHARMACOLOGY &
RESISTANCE 6294 8448 TOXICOLOGY
2045- 2045-
MICROBIOLOGYOPEN 8827 8827 MICROBIOLOGY
1087- 1546- BIOLOGY &
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY 0156 1696 BIOCHEMISTRY
1465- 1476- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY 7392 4679 GENETICS
0028- 1476-
NATURE 0836 4687 MULTIDISCIPLINARY
NUTRITION RESEARCH 0954- 1475-
REVIEWS 4224 2700 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0271- BIOLOGY &
NUTRITION RESEARCH 5317 NULL BIOCHEMISTRY
0029- 1753-
NUTRITION REVIEWS 6643 4887 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2058- 2058-
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY 5276 5276 MICROBIOLOGY
2055- 2055- PLANT & ANIMAL
NATURE PLANTS 026X 0278 SCIENCE
2046- 2046- BIOLOGY &
OPEN BIOLOGY 2441 2441 BIOCHEMISTRY
2391- BIOLOGY &
OPEN LIFE SCIENCES 5412 NULL BIOCHEMISTRY
0932- 1432-
PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH 0113 1955 MICROBIOLOGY
0031- 1469-
PARASITOLOGY 1820 8161 MICROBIOLOGY
1015- 1423- BIOLOGY &
PATHOBIOLOGY 2008 0291 BIOCHEMISTRY
0031- 1465-
PATHOLOGY 3025 3931 CLINICAL MEDICINE
PHARMACEUTICAL 1388- 1744- PHARMACOLOGY &
BIOLOGY 0209 5116 TOXICOLOGY
PHARMACEUTICAL 0724- 1573- PHARMACOLOGY &
RESEARCH 8741 904X TOXICOLOGY
PHARMACOLOGICAL 1043- PHARMACOLOGY &
RESEARCH 6618 NULL TOXICOLOGY
PHARMACOLOGICAL 0031- 1521- PHARMACOLOGY &
REVIEWS 6997 0081 TOXICOLOGY
0031- 1423- PHARMACOLOGY &
PHARMACOLOGY 7012 0313 TOXICOLOGY
PHILIPPINE AGRICULTURAL 0031-
SCIENTIST 7454 NULL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

122
PHYSIOLOGICAL 0862- 1802- BIOLOGY &
RESEARCH 8408 9973 BIOCHEMISTRY
0031- 1522- BIOLOGY &
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS 9333 1210 BIOCHEMISTRY
0031- NEUROSCIENCE &
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR 9384 NULL BEHAVIOR
PHYSIOLOGY AND
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF 0971- 0974- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANTS 5894 0430 SCIENCE
1548- 1548- BIOLOGY &
PHYSIOLOGY 9213 9221 BIOCHEMISTRY
PHYTOCHEMICAL 0958- 1099- PLANT & ANIMAL
ANALYSIS 0344 1565 SCIENCE
PHYTOCHEMISTRY 1568- 1572- PLANT & ANIMAL
REVIEWS 7767 980X SCIENCE
0031- PLANT & ANIMAL
PHYTOCHEMISTRY 9422 NULL SCIENCE
0944- 0944- PHARMACOLOGY &
PHYTOMEDICINE 7113 7113 TOXICOLOGY
0031- 1943- PLANT & ANIMAL
PHYTOPATHOLOGY 949X 7684 SCIENCE
0031- 1710- PLANT & ANIMAL
PHYTOPROTECTION 9511 1603 SCIENCE
PHYTOTHERAPY 0951- 1099- PHARMACOLOGY &
RESEARCH 418X 1573 TOXICOLOGY
PLANT AND CELL 0032- 1471- PLANT & ANIMAL
PHYSIOLOGY 0781 9053 SCIENCE
0032- 1573-
PLANT AND SOIL 079X 5036 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
1435- 1438- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT BIOLOGY 8603 8677 SCIENCE
1126- 1724- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT BIOSYSTEMS 3504 5575 SCIENCE
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY 1467- 1467- PLANT & ANIMAL
JOURNAL 7644 7652 SCIENCE
0179- 1439- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT BREEDING 9541 0523 SCIENCE
PLANT CELL AND 0140- 1365- PLANT & ANIMAL
ENVIRONMENT 7791 3040 SCIENCE
0721- 1432- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT CELL REPORTS 7714 203X SCIENCE
PLANT CELL TISSUE AND 0167- 1573- PLANT & ANIMAL
ORGAN CULTURE 6857 5044 SCIENCE

123
 1040- 1532- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT CELL 4651 298X SCIENCE
0191- 1943- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT DISEASE 2917 7692 SCIENCE
1385- 1573-
PLANT ECOLOGY 0237 5052 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
PLANT FOODS FOR 0921- 1573-
HUMAN NUTRITION 9668 9104 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
PLANT GROWTH 0167- 1573- PLANT & ANIMAL
REGULATION 6903 5087 SCIENCE
0960- 1365- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT JOURNAL 7412 313X SCIENCE
PLANT MOLECULAR 0735- 1572- PLANT & ANIMAL
BIOLOGY REPORTER 9640 9818 SCIENCE
PLANT MOLECULAR 0167- 1573- PLANT & ANIMAL
BIOLOGY 4412 5028 SCIENCE
0032- 1365- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT PATHOLOGY 0862 3059 SCIENCE
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND 0981- PLANT & ANIMAL
BIOCHEMISTRY 9428 NULL SCIENCE
0032- 1532- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 0889 2548 SCIENCE
PLANT PRODUCTION 1343- 1349-
SCIENCE 943X 1008 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
PLANT PROTECTION 1212- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 2580 NULL SCIENCE
0168- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT SCIENCE 9452 NULL SCIENCE
PLANT SOIL AND 1214- 1805-
ENVIRONMENT 1178 9368 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0913- 1442- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT SPECIES BIOLOGY 557X 1984 SCIENCE
1545- 1545- BIOLOGY &
PLOS BIOLOGY 7885 7885 BIOCHEMISTRY
1549- 1549-
PLOS MEDICINE 1676 1676 CLINICAL MEDICINE
1553- 1553- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
PLOS GENETICS 7404 7404 GENETICS
1932- 1932-
PLOS ONE 6203 6203 MULTIDISCIPLINARY
1553- 1553-
PLOS PATHOGENS 7366 7374 MICROBIOLOGY
0032- 1525- PLANT & ANIMAL
POULTRY SCIENCE 5791 3171 SCIENCE

124
PROGRESS IN 0301- 1873- NEUROSCIENCE &
NEUROBIOLOGY 0082 5118 BEHAVIOR
PROGRESS IN 0079-
OCEANOGRAPHY 6611 NULL GEOSCIENCES
2167- 2167-
PEERJ 8359 8359 MULTIDISCIPLINARY
2475- 2475- BIOLOGY &
PEPTIDE SCIENCE 8817 8817 BIOCHEMISTRY
1999- 1999- PHARMACOLOGY &
PHARMACEUTICS 4923 4923 TOXICOLOGY
PHARMACOGENETICS 1744- 1744- PHARMACOLOGY &
AND GENOMICS 6872 6880 TOXICOLOGY
PHARMACOLOGICAL 1734- 1734- PHARMACOLOGY &
REPORTS 1140 1140 TOXICOLOGY
PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF 0115-
CROP SCIENCE 463X NULL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY 1863- 1863- PLANT & ANIMAL
REPORTS 5466 5474 SCIENCE
1342- PLANT & ANIMAL
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY 4580 NULL SCIENCE
PLANT ECOLOGY & 1755- 1755- PLANT & ANIMAL
DIVERSITY 0874 1668 SCIENCE
PLANT ECOLOGY AND 2032- 2032- PLANT & ANIMAL
EVOLUTION 3913 3921 SCIENCE
QUARTERLY REVIEW OF 0033- 1539- BIOLOGY &
BIOLOGY 5770 7718 BIOCHEMISTRY
QUATERNARY SCIENCE 0277-
REVIEWS 3791 NULL GEOSCIENCES
RESEARCH IN 0923- 1769-
MICROBIOLOGY 2508 7123 MICROBIOLOGY
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY 0034- 1532- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 5288 2661 SCIENCE
1061- 1526-
RESTORATION ECOLOGY 2971 100X ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
REVIEWS IN FISHERIES 2330- 2330- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE & AQUACULTURE 8249 8257 SCIENCE
REVIEWS OF
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONTAMINATION AND 0179- 2197-
TOXICOLOGY 5953 6554 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
REVIEWS OF PHYSIOLOGY
BIOCHEMISTRY AND 0303- BIOLOGY &
PHARMACOLOGY 4240 NULL BIOCHEMISTRY

125
 1513-
SCIENCEASIA 1874 NULL MULTIDISCIPLINARY
0036- 1095-
SCIENCE 8075 9203 MULTIDISCIPLINARY
0890- 1547-
SCIENTIST 3670 0806 MULTIDISCIPLINARY
TOXICOLOGICAL AND
ENVIRONMENTAL 0277- 1029-
CHEMISTRY 2248 0486 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
1096- 1096- PHARMACOLOGY &
TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES 6080 0929 TOXICOLOGY
TOXICOLOGY AND 0041- 1096- PHARMACOLOGY &
APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY 008X 0333 TOXICOLOGY
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & 0169- 1872-
EVOLUTION 5347 8383 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE 0924-
& TECHNOLOGY 2244 NULL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
0168- 1362- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
TRENDS IN GENETICS 9525 4555 GENETICS
1471- 1471-
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY 4906 4981 IMMUNOLOGY
TRENDS IN 0966- 1878-
MICROBIOLOGY 842X 4380 MICROBIOLOGY
TRENDS IN MOLECULAR 1471- 1471- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY &
MEDICINE 4914 499X GENETICS
TRENDS IN 0166- 1878- NEUROSCIENCE &
NEUROSCIENCES 2236 108X BEHAVIOR
TRENDS IN 1471- 1471-
PARASITOLOGY 4922 5007 MICROBIOLOGY
TRENDS IN
PHARMACOLOGICAL 0165- 1873- PHARMACOLOGY &
SCIENCES 6147 3735 TOXICOLOGY
TRENDS IN PLANT 1360- 1878- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 1385 4372 SCIENCE
0564- 0564-
TROPICAL ECOLOGY 3295 3295 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
TROPICAL JOURNAL OF
PHARMACEUTICAL 1596- PHARMACOLOGY &
RESEARCH 5996 NULL TOXICOLOGY
TROPICAL MEDICINE & 1360- 1365- SOCIAL SCIENCES,
INTERNATIONAL HEALTH 2276 3156 GENERAL
0394- 1970- PLANT & ANIMAL
TROPICAL ZOOLOGY 6975 9528 SCIENCE

126
VETERINARY 0378- 1873- PLANT & ANIMAL
MICROBIOLOGY 1135 2542 SCIENCE
WATER AIR AND SOIL 0049- 1573-
POLLUTION 6979 2932 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
WATER AND 1747- 1747-
ENVIRONMENT JOURNAL 6585 6593 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
WATER ENVIRONMENT 1061- 1554-
RESEARCH 4303 7531 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
WATER QUALITY
RESEARCH JOURNAL OF 1201- 1201-
CANADA 3080 3080 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
0043-
WATER RESEARCH 1354 NULL ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
WATER RESOURCES 0920- 1573-
MANAGEMENT 4741 1650 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
WATER RESOURCES 0043- 1944-
RESEARCH 1397 7973 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
WATER SCIENCE AND 0273- 1996-
TECHNOLOGY 1223 9732 ENVIRONMENT/ECOLOGY
0909- 1903- PLANT & ANIMAL
WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 6396 220X SCIENCE
1035- 1448- PLANT & ANIMAL
WILDLIFE RESEARCH 3712 5494 SCIENCE
WOOD AND FIBER 0735- 0735- PLANT & ANIMAL
SCIENCE 6161 6161 SCIENCE
1336-
WOOD RESEARCH 4561 NULL MATERIALS SCIENCE
WOOD SCIENCE AND 0043- 1432- PLANT & ANIMAL
TECHNOLOGY 7719 5225 SCIENCE
WORLD JOURNAL OF 0959- 1573- BIOLOGY &
MICROBIOLOGY 3993 0972 BIOCHEMISTRY

127
 Appendix 10
Appointment Form of an Adviser

128
 Appendix 11
Appointment Form of a Grammarian

129
 Appendix 12
Certification and Recommendation Form

130
 Appendix 13
Invitation to Thesis Committee Form

131
 Appendix 14
Appointment of a Statistician Form

132
 Appendix 15
Plagiarism Run Request Form

133
 Appendix 16
Report of Evaluation II Form

134
 Appendix 17
Report of Evaluation III Form

135
 Appendix 18
Report of Evaluation IV Form

136
 Bibliography
Masanja, N.M. (2020). A Practical Guide to Writing a Feasibility Study (1st ed). NMM Printers.

Laverty, M., & Littel, C. (2020). [eTextbook] Entrepreneurship.

Thompson, A. (2005). Business feasibility study outline. Enterpreneurship and business

innovation: The art of successful business start-ups and business planning, 185-198.

Wright, G., Hofstrand, D., & Holz-Clause, M. (2020, July). What is a Feasibility Study?: Ag Decision
Maker. Iowa State University Extension and Outreach.
https://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/wholefarm/html/c5-65.html.

Blum, D., M. Knudson & R. Marantz Henig. 2006. A Field Guide for Science Writers: The Official
Guide of the National Association of Science Writers. Oxford University Press, 321 pages.  

Burke, P. 2001. Eyewitnessing: The Use of Images as Historical Evidence. London, pp. 9-19.  

Busha, C. and Harter, S. P. 1980. Research Methods in Librarianship: techniques and

Interpretations. Academic  

Clunas, C.1991. Superfluous Things:Material Culture and Social Status

in EarlyModern China. Cambridge  

Dannehl, Karin, ‘Object biographies: From production to consumption’, in Karen Harvey (ed.).
2009. History and Material Culture: a student’s guide to approaching alternative
sources Abingdon, Routeldge, pp. 123-138  

Denzin, N. K. and Lincoln, Y.S. (editors).1998. Strategies of Qualitative Inquiry. Sage Publications,

London  

Garraghan, G. J. 1946. A Guide to Historical Method. Fordham University Press, New York  

Gottschalk, L.1950. Understanding History: A Primer of Historical Method, Alfred A. Knopf: New

York   

Graff, G. & C. Birkenstein. 2010. They Say I Say: The Moves That Matter in Academic Writing, 2nd
edition. W. W. Norton and Company, 245 pages.  

Hamling, Tara and Richardson, Catherine, ‘Introduction’, in Tara Hamling and Catherine

Richardson (eds.), Everyday Objects (Aldershot, 2010), pp. 1-13 Harvey, Karen, ‘Introduction:
History and Material Culture’, in Karen Harvey (ed.), History and Material Culture (London, 2009),
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Howell, M. and Prevenier, W. 2001. From Reliable Sources: An Introduction to Historical Methods,
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Hurcombe, L M. 2007. ‘Materiality’ , in Archaeological Artifacts as Material Culture, Abingdon, pp.

109-118  

McCullagh, B. 1984. Justifying Historical Descriptions, Cambridge University Press: New York  

Percival F. Almoro ,Maria Cecilia G. Conaco, Clarissa C. David, et al 2015 UP Research Guidebook

(eds) Percival F. Almoro, Carla B. Dimalanta and Alice Ross T. Morta 2016  

Prown, J D. 2001. Art as Evidence: Writings on Art and Material Culture New Haven and London.  

Riello, Giorgio, ‘Things that Shape History: material culture and historical narrative, in Karen
Harvey (ed.), History and Material Culture: a student’s guide to approaching alternative
sources (Abingdon, 2009), pp. 24-46.  

Shafer, R. J. 1974. A Guide to Historical Method. The Dorsey Press, Illinois   

Strunk, W. Jr. & E. B. White. 1999. The Elements of Style, 4th edition. Longman Publishing, 105
pages.  

Styles, J. 2000. ‘Product Innovation in Early Modern London’, Past and Present, pp. 124- 169.  

Styles, J and Vickery, A, ‘Introduction’, in John Styles and Amanda Vickery (eds.),Gender, Taste
and Material Culture in Britain and North America, 1700-1830 (Studies in British Art 17) (New
Haven, 2006), pp. 1-34 (pp. 1-2, 14-22)

Grassby, 2005. Material Culture and Cultural History, Journal of Interdisciplinary History, pp.
591-603.  

A list of library sources (at Western Kentucky University) for beginning historical
research. http://www.cortland.edu/www/history/research.html  

Historical Research on the Internet. An extensive list of historical resources in all

formats. http://www.nyu.edu/library/bobst/research/hum/hist-us/libs.htm  

Subject: Special issue of Prologue, on African American Historical

Research http://www2.wku.edu/library/dlps/histindx.htm

Masanja, N.M. (2020). A Practical Guide to Writing a Feasibility Study (1st ed). NMM Printers.

Laverty, M., & Littel, C. (2020). [eTextbook] Entrepreneurship.

Thompson, A. (2005). Business feasibility study outline. Enterpreneurship and business

innovation: The art of successful business start-ups and business planning, 185-198.

138
Wright, G., Hofstrand, D., & Holz-Clause, M. (2020, July). What is a Feasibility Study?: Ag
Decision Maker. Iowa State University Extension and Outreach.
https://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/wholefarm/html/c5-65.html.

Blum, D., M. Knudson & R. Marantz Henig. 2006. A Field Guide for Science Writers: The Official
Guide of the National Association of Science Writers. Oxford University Press, 321 pages.

THESIS FILES

Department of Sociology and Anthropology of Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Thesis

Files

K.A.T. Joven. AB History Thesis Files. 2019

L.F.S. David. BS Biology Thesis Files. 2019

S.J.D.Dizon. BS Biology Thesis Files. 2018

University of Santo Tomas Graduate forms, 2018

RESEARCH MANUALS

MCC Research Guide. MCC Research Office. 2017. Mabalacat City College   

Okanagan College History Department Research Manual, 2016  

Policies and Guidelines for the Research Program of the UP Open University, 2007.  

San José State University Writing Center Research Manual, 2012  

The UPLB Research Manual: Guidelines and Procedures Governing Research and Its Related
Activities, Office of the Vice-Chancellor for Research and Extension, UPLB, College, Laguna,
Philippines, 2008.  

Turabian, Kate L. 2013. A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations:
Chicago Style for Students and Researchers. 8th ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.  

University of California Berkeley Library Research Manual, 2005.  

University of Chicago Press. 2010. The Chicago Manual of Style, 16th ed. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press.  

UP Manila Research Manual, 2011.  

UP Open University, Research Ethical Guidelines, 2011.

139
Biological Research Manual. 2016. College of Science, University of the Philippines-Diliman

140