AS YOU CAN SEE THERE ARE A LOT OF EXPRESSIONS IN THIS READING SELECTION ABOUT THE HISTORY

OF ENGINEERING. WRITE THE SPANISH TRANSLATION OF EACH WORD. (23 POINTS)

Nº EXPRESSION SPANISH TRANSLATION EXPRESSION SPANISH TRANSLATION

1 Almost 29 later
2 beautiful 30 long
3 best 31 mankind
4 better 32 manner
5 between 33 motion
6 Branch 34 nevertheless
7 bridge 35 nowadays
8 century 36 origin
9 challenge 37 overpopulation
10 country 38 peaceful
11 damage 39 pyramids
12 development 40 rampart
13 early 41 roads
14 engineering 42 search
15 environment 43 several
16 fastly 44 sickness
17 fields 45 Ship
18 fight 46 society
19 food 47 space
20 fortification 48 Struggle
21 goods 49 theories
22 Happy 50 times
23 however 51 tomorrow
24 hydraulic 52 train
25 improvement 53 unknown
26 lackness 54 way
27 last 55 wheel
28 lasting 56 works
PART II – REGULAR & IRREGULAR VERBS

A. REGULAR VERBS

COMPLETE THE TABLE OF THE REGULAR VERBS USE IN THE READING (13 POINTS)
INFINITIVE (TO…) PAST PAST PARTICIPLE SPANISH TRANSLATION
appear
apply
connect
construct
develop
emerge
enable
face
help
move
obtain
search
state

B. IRREGULAR VERBS (9 POINTS)

COMPLETE THE TABLE OF THE IRREGULAR VERBS USE IN THE READING (9 POINTS)
INFINITIVE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE SPANISH TRANSLATION
be
bring up
build
come
Come out
get
go
have
known
PART III – FILL IN THE BLANKS

Fill the blanks with the proper words to complete the sentences (9 points)
1. Some of the branches of engineering are ,
, , and .
2. The industrial revolution happened in in 1775.
3. Frederick W. Taylor developed engineering in the last
part of XIX Century.
4. The connects Great Britain with Europe.
5. The of food is one of the problems, man is facing now.

PART IV - QUESTIONS

Answer the following sentences about the reading (22 points)

1. What was an engineering work of primitive man?
2. State some evidences of the first engineering works.
3. When did formal engineering appear?
4. Name some of the works Napoleon Bonaparte made to get his conquests.
5. What is the oldest engineering branch?
6. What was the origin of Mechanical Engineering?
7. What was the origin of Chemical Engineering?
8. How did Electrical Engineering appear?
9. What was Industrial Engineering based on?
10. Describe some of the latest engineering works.
11. State some of the challenges of the engineering of tomorrow.
PART VI – COGNATES (10 points)
Cognates are words in two languages that share a similar meaning,
spelling, and pronunciation. 30 to 40% of all words in English have a
related word in Spanish. For Spanish-speaking cognates are an obvious
bridge to the English language.

Identify 10 words in English (cognates), that are written very similarly to those
in Spanish in the lesson.
Example:
Mathematics
Nº COGNATES
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09.
10.

PART VIII. Glossary (14 POINTS)

Reading Selection Taken from: The Language of Civil Engineering in English By Eugene Hall.