APUNTES DEL IDIOMA ESPAÑOL.

EL VERBO.
PEM. Fernando Custodio Alvarez Lorenzana
TIEMPO PRESENTE

Formación para los verbos regulares: Raíz + terminaciones

Pronombres AR ER IR
Yo o o o
Tú as es es
Él, ella, usted a e e
Nosotros amos emos imos
Ellos, ellas, ustedes an en en

Terminación ar:
Ayudar to help Hallar to find
Bajar to do down, to descend Invitar to invite
Borrar to erase Llenar to fill
Buscar to look for, to seek Llevar to carry, to wear
Caminar to walk Mirar to look (at)
Cantar to sing Necesitar to need
Comprar to buy Pagar to pay (for)
Contestar to answer Preguntar to ask
Cultivar to cultivate Preparar to prepare
Dejar to let, to allow, to leave Quitar to take away
Desear to want, to wish Regresar to return, come
back
Enseñar to teach, to show Tomar to take, to drink
Entrar to enter Trabajar to work
Escuchar to listen (to) Usar to use
Esperar to wait for, to await, to Viajar to travel
hope, to expect
Estudiar to study Visitar to visite
Explicar to explain Hallar to find
Gritar to shout Invitar to invite
Hablar to speak Llenar to fill

Terminación er
Aprender to learn Leer to read
Barrer to sweep Meter to put inside, to insert
Beber to drink Prometer to promise
Comer to eat responder to answer
comprender to understand Romper to break
Corer to run Tejer to knit, to weave
Coser to sew Toser to cough
Esconder to hide Vender to sell
 APUNTES DEL IDIOMA ESPAÑOL.
EL VERBO.
PEM. Fernando Custodio Alvarez Lorenzana
Terminación ir
Abrir to open Imprimir to print
Aplaudir to applaud interrumpir to interrupt
Asistir to attend Omitir to omit
compartir to share Recibir to receive
Cubrir to cover Resumir to summarize, to sum up
Decidir to decide Sacudir to shake
describer to describe Sufrir to suffer
Dividir to divide Transmitir to transmit
escribir to write vivir to live

Verbos que cambian o x ue en todas las personas, excepto nosotros.

acordarse to remember Mostrar to show

acostarse to go to bed Mover to move
almorzar to have luch Oler cambia por Hue to smell
Costar to cost Poder to be able.
Devolver to return, to give back Probar to prove,
Dormer to sleep Recordar to remember
encontrar to find Resolver to resolve,
envolver to wrap up Soltar to let go of,
Jugar to play Soñar to dream
Llover to rain Sonar to sound,
Morder to bite Volar to fly
Morir to die Volver to return

Verbos que cambian e x ie en todas las personas, excepto nosotros.

Apretar to squeeze Hervir to boíl
atender top ay attention Mentir to lie
atravesar to cross Negar to deny
Cerrar to close Nevar to snow
comenzar to begin Pensar to think
confesar to confess Perder to lose
defender to defend Preferir to prefer
despertar-se to wake up quebrar to break
divertir-se to have a good time Querer to want
empezar to begin Regar to wáter
encender to light, to turn on sentarse so sit
entender to understand sentirse to feel, to be sorry for
gobernar to govern temblar to tremble
 APUNTES DEL IDIOMA ESPAÑOL.
EL VERBO.
PEM. Fernando Custodio Alvarez Lorenzana
Verbos que cambian e x i en todas las personas, excepto nosotros y ustedes
Competir to compite Sonreír to smile
despedir-se to fire, to say good bye vestir-se to dress onself
Impedir to hinder, to prevent conseguir to get, to obtain
Medir to measure Corregir to correct
Pedir to ask for Elegir to elect
reír-se to laugh perseguir to pursue
Servir to serve, to be used Seguir to continue,
VERBOS IRREGULARES
Poner to put decir to say, tell saber to know
Tener to have estar to be salir to leave, go out
caber to fit hacer to do, make ser to be
caer to fall ir to go traer to bring
dar to give oír to hear valer to be worth
ver to see venir to come
Verbos derivados de Poner y Tener
Poner Tener
componer to prepare, to put in contener to contain
order
descomponer to put out of order detener to stop
exponer to expound, to entretener-se to amuse
exhibit, to expose oneself, to
entertain
posponer to postpone, to put mantener to keep, to
behind support
proponer to propose obtener to obtain, to get
reponer to make up (time) sostener to support, to
hold
suponer to suppose
Verbos que terminan en cer-cir, cambian c x zc en YO
Aborrecer to hate Padecer to suffer
Aparecer to appear parecer-se to seem,
Carecer to lack permanecer to stay
Crecer to grow pertenecer to belong
desaparecer to disappear reconocer to recognize
desobedecer to disobey Conducir to drive, to lead
enorgullecerse to be proud, Deducir to deduce
entristecerse to become sad Inducir to induce
establecer to establish Introducir to introduce
Merecer to deserve Lucir to shine,
Obedecer to obey Producir to produce
Ofrecer to offer Reducir to reduce
 APUNTES DEL IDIOMA ESPAÑOL.
EL VERBO.
PEM. Fernando Custodio Alvarez Lorenzana
Excepciones: cocer, ejercer y vencer.

Verbos que terminan en ger-gir-guir, cambian g x j y gu x g, en YO.

Coger to catch, Elegir to elect

encoger to shrink Exigir to demand
escoger to choose conseguir to obtain
proteger to protect distinguir to distinguish
recoger to pick up extinguir to extinguish,
corregir to correct perseguir to persecute
Dirigir to direct, proseguir to continue
dirigirse to address seguir to follow,

Los verbos que terminan en uir, agregan una y, antes de agregar las terminaciones en
todas las personas, excepto, nosotros.
Atribuir to attribute Huir to flee
concluir to end, to conclude Incluir to include
contribuir to contribute Influir to influence
destituir to dismiss Instruir to instruct
disminuir to diminish Intuir to intuit
distribuir to distribute obstruir to obstract
Excluir to exclude sustituir to substitute

USOS DEL TIEMPO PRESENTE:

1. Expresa acciones habituales en el presente.
Ella siempre almuerza a las doce y media
Expresiones de tiempo para el Presente
a menudo often
actualmente actually
ahora now
cada día every day
en este momento right now
frecuentemente frequently
hoy today
todos los días every day
usualmente usually
2. Presente histórico: Se usa para darle más énfasis a acciones ocurridas en el
pasado. (titulares de periódicos)
Cristobal Colón descubre América en 1942.
Mueren 15 personas en accidente.

3. Uso idiomático:
HACE + EXPRESIÓN DE TIEMPO + QUE + PRESENTE
Hace + dos años + que + trabajo en esta escuela.