Example of how the OSI Layers work using an e-mail/message sent from the

computer to another.

MESSAGE SENT FROM PC “ A” TO PC “A” LAYERS

Identify sender and intended receiver; is there an e-mail APPLICATION

application available?
layer 7

Encode data with X coding key; use ASCII characters. PRESENTATION

layer 6

Initiate and terminate the session according to X protocol. SESSION

layer 5

Make sure all data is sent intact TRANSPORT

layer 4

Keep track of how many hops; NETWORK

open shortest path First; layer 3

Is the initial connection set up? Put data into frames DATA LINK
according to X standard.
layer 2

Send as electrical signal over the network cable at X voltage, PHYSICAL

and X Mbps.
layer 1