Biology Form 4 - Chapter 1

Introduction to

Biology &

Laboratory rules

Ainur Hanie Bin Zainudin

Chapter 1

01 Fields and Career in Biology

02 Safety & Rules in Biology Laboratory

03 Communicating in Biology
04 Scientific Investigation in Biology
01

Fields & Career in

Biology

Please state any career in this field.

1.2 Safety and Rules in

Biology Laboratory

Learning Standard :
1.2.1 Explain self protective equipments and their functions.
1.2.2 Identify and justify substances that can be disposed into the
sink.
1.2.3 Identify and justify substances that cannot be disposed into
the sink.
1.2.4 Describe methods in managing biological wastes.
1.2.5 Communicate about steps to manage accidents in a
laboratory.
1.2.6 Conclude safety practices in a Biology laboratory.
Equipment and their functions
02
Equipment and their functions
Personal protective equipment

GOGGLES FACE MASK LABORATORY GLOVES

HANDWASH LAB SHOES

LAB COAT
 Subtances that cannot be disposed

into the sink

ORGANIC SOLVENT SUBSTANCES THAT HAVE CHEMICALS (ACIDS, SOLID WASTE HEAVY METAL
(ACETONE, ALCOHOL, LESS THAN 5 OR MORE GREASES, OILS) (CHEMICALS, GLASS, (MERCURY)
BENZENE) THAN 9 RUBBER)

ORGANIC WASTE
VOLATILE SUBSTANCES TOXIC SUBSTANCES REACTIVE RADIOACTIVE
(MICROORGANISM,
SUBSTANCES SUBSTANCES
CARCASES)
02

Accidents in the

laboratory
 Causes of accidents

CARELESSNESS NEGLIGENCE LACK OF SKILL

 GENERAL CHEMICAL SPILL

1. INFORM YOUR TEACHER 2. DECLARE THE SPILL 3. PREVENT THE

AREA AS A RESTRICTED AREA CHEMICAL SPILL FROM
SPREADING USING
SAND

4. SCOOP UP THE CHEMICAL 5. DISPOSE IT

SPILL USING APPROPRIATE SAFELY
EQUIPMENT
 DECLARE THE SPILL AREA AS
RESTRICTED AREA

SPRINKLE SULPHUR TO
COVER THE MERCURY
SPILLS
MERCURY SPILL
STEP TO HANDLE
CALL FIRE AND RESCUE
INFORM YOUR TEACHER DEPARTMENT
Methods for

managing
CATEGORY A CATEGORY B
biological waste. Sharp Waste Non-sharp wastes

CATEGORY C CATEGORY D
Animal Carcases Liquids
 NICATING IN
MU BI
M OL
CO O
GY
3
1.
 Standard Learning

01 Communicate by constructing tables

based on experimental data.
02 Plot a suitable graph based on the
data from an experiment.
03 Sketch biological drawings based on
observations.
04 Identify body planes, sections and
directional terms in organisms.
COMMUNICATING IN BIOLOGY

PLANE,
BIOLOGICAL
GRAPH SECTION &
DRAWING
DIRECTION
 TABLES
To record and present data
 There are several types of graphs such
GRAPH as line graphs, bar charts and histograms
BIOLOGICAL DRAWINGS
CHARACTERISTICS
Large and accurate
Not shaded artistically.
Lines drawn must be clear, clean and
continuous. Do not use a ruler to draw the
outline of a specimen.
Drawings must be labelled. Label lines must
point to the correct structure, no
arrowheads, must be straight and not cross
each other.
Drawings must have titles.
Each structure in the drawing must be
placed in the correct position, and its size
should be proportionate to the rest of the
structures
A plan drawing is a line drawing that shows
the outline of a structure.
A detailed drawing shows the cells in a
structure.
The magnification factor of a drawing must
be stated such as 2x
 PLANE, SECTION & DIRECTION

SAGITTAL PLANE FRONTAL PLANE

Divides the body into right Divides the body into frontal
and left parts and rear parts)

HORIZONTAL PLANE
Divides the body into upper
and lower parts
Directional

Term in Biology
1.4 Scientific Investigation in

Biology
 TEST YOUR MIND!

1. What is the meaning of biology?

2. Name two safety equipment used in the laboratory with their
function .
3. State 3 types of personal protective equipment in laboratory.
4. State 5 types of substances that cannot be disposed into the sink.
5. Explain on how to draw a line graph.
6. Name 3 characteristic of biological drawings.
7. State the steps of carrying out an investigation.
ACTIVITY 1.1
Thats all for

today, Thank you