DESCRIPTION > DESCRIPTION (") NOTE: The Electronic Stability Control (ESC) may also be referred fo as Electronic Stability Program (ESP) depending on the vehicle model year and configuration. Certain components may also reference ESP, ESC, or use the traction contro! symbol. Fig 1: Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU), Primary & Secondary Brake Tubes, Chassis Lines & Antilock Brake System (ABS) Module Electrical Connector 2841853 Couresy of CHRYSLER GROUP LLC ‘The Antilock Brake System (ABS) is an electronically operated, four channel brake control system which is part of Electronic Stability Control (ESC) including Electronic Roll Mitigation (ERM). The vehicle alsohas Electronic Variable Brake Proportioning (EVP) designed into the system which eliminates the ‘combination/proportioning valve. The combined Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) and ABS module is located forward of the master oylinder, under the engine air box. The system is designed to prevent wheel lockup and maintain steering control during braking. Preventing lockup is accomplished by modulating fluid pressure to the wheel brake units. ‘The hydraulic system is a four channel design. All wheel brakes are controlled individually. The ABS electrical system is separate from other electrical circuits in the vehicle. The ABS module operates the system components. ABS system major components include: ‘= Antilock Brake Module (ABM) ‘* Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) ‘+ Wheel Speed Sensors (WSS) + ABS Warning Light ‘+ Dynamics Sensor - The Dynamics Sensor includes @ yaw rate sensor, (The Dynamics Sensor is located under the center console near the center of the vehicle). ‘+ Steering Angle Sensor (SAS) - The SAS is part of the Steering Control Module (SCM) in the steering column, OPERATION > OPERATION Battery voltage is supplied to the Antilock Brake System (ABS) module. The ABS module performs a system initialization procedure at start up along with an ABS motor check. Initialization consists of @ static and dynamic seff check of system electrical components. ‘The static and dynamic checks occurs at ignition start up. During the dynamic check, the ABS module briefly cycles solenoids to verify operation. An audible noise may be heard during this setf check. This noise should be considered normal If an ABS component exhibits a fault during initialization, the ABS module illuminates the amber warning light and registers a fault code in the microprocessor memory. ‘The ABS module monitors wheel speed sensor inputs continuously while the vehicle is in motion. However, the ABS module will not activate any ABS components as long as sensor inputs indicate normal braking. During normal braking, the master cylinder, power booster and wheel brake units all function as they would in a vehicle without ABS. The Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) components are not activated. ‘The purpose of the antilock system is to prevent wheel lockup. Preventing lockup helps maintain vehicle braking action and steering control The ABS module activates the system whenever sensor signals indicate periods of wheel slip.Brake fluid apply pressure is modulated according to wheel speed, degree of slip and rate of deceleration. Sensors at each wheel convert wheel speed into electrical signals. These signals are transmitted to the ABS module for processing and determination of wheel slip and deceleration rate. The ABS system has four fluid pressure control channels. Each wheel brakes are controlled separately ‘A speed sensor input signal indicating a wheel slip condition activates the ABS module antilock program. ‘There are Two solenoid valves (Isolation and Dump valve) which are used in each antilock control channel, The valves are all located within the HCU valve body and work in pairs to either increase, hold, or decrease apply pressure as needed in the individual control channels. During an ABS stop the ISO valve is energized which acts to prevent further pressure build-up to the calipers. Then the Dump valve dumps off pressure until the wheel unlocks. This will continue until the wheels quit slipping altogether. OPERATION > OPERATION > ELECTRONIC ROLL MITIGATION (ERM) This system anticipates the potential for wheel lift by monitoring the driver's steering wheel input and the speed of the vehicle. When ERM determines that the rate of change of the steering wheel angle and vehicles speed are sufficient to potentially cause wheel lift, it applies the appropriate brake and may reduce engine power to lessen the chance that wheel lft wil occur. ERM will only intervene during very severe or evasive driving maneuvers. ERM can only reduce the chance of wheel lift occurring during severe or evasive driving maneuvers. It can not prevent wheel lift due to other factors such as road conditions, leaving the roadway or striking objects or other vehicles. OPERATION > OPERATION > READY ALERT BRAKING Ready Alert Braking is a feature that applies very low brake pressure to all calipers after a rapid accelerator pedal release is detected. This feature provides a firm confident pedal feel and optimal stopping distance in the case of rapid accelerator release. OPERATION > OPERATION > RAIN BRAKE SUPPORT ‘The Rain Brake Support is a feature that removes the water film that builds up between the pads and the rotors when driving in wet conditions. When the windshield wipers are active, this feature applies a very low brake pressure to all calipers periodically, This maintains a firm, confident brake pedal feel and optimal stopping distance in wet conditions DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING > DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - ANTILOCK BRAKE SYSTEMSwill set a trouble code in its memory. (*) NoTE: An audible noise may be heard during the self-test. This noise should be considered normal. (") NoTE: The scan tool is used to diagnose the ABS system. For additional information, refer to the appropriate Electrical service information . For test procedures, refer to ANTILOCK BRAKE SYSTEM (ABS) - ELECTRICAL DIAGNOSTICS STANDARD PROCEDURE > STANDARD PROCEDURE - ABS SYSTEM BLEEDING (") NOTE: The ABS System Bleeding procedure is only necessary if the Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) is replaced. ‘The Antilock Brake System (ABS) bleeding requires performing a base pressure brake bleeding, followed by use of the scan tool to cycle and bleed the HCU pump and solenoids. 1. Perform the Pressure Bleeding procedure. Refer to PRESSURE BLEEDING 2. After the Pressure Bleeding procedure, connect scan tool to the Data Link Connector. 3. Select ANTILOCK BRAKES, followed by MISCELLANEOUS, then ABS BLEED BRAKES and follow the instructions displayed for the procedure. 4, Remove the pressure bleeder from the master cylinder and make sure the brake fluid is properly filed and capped. (°) Nore: If the ABS module was not replaced, the ABS VERIFICATION TEST is not needed. 5. If the ABS module was replaced, perform the ABS VERIFICATION TEST. Refer to STANDARD PROCEDURESPECIFICATIONS > TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS DESCRIPTION Nm Ft. Lbs, In, Lbs. Dynamics Sensor Nuts 9 - 80 ICU bracket fasteners to ICU 1" - 97 Hydraulic Control a - 186 Unit/Controller Antilock Brakes, Brake Lines Hydraulic Control 29 - 25.5 Unit/Controller Antilock Brakes ABM Screws (Crisscross Pattern) Wheel Speed Sensors Front 10.7 : 95 Sensor Bolt Wheel Speed Sensors Rear 10.7 - 95 Sensor Bolt ELECTRICAL > SENSOR, DYNAMICS > DESCRIPTION > DESCRIPTIONFig 1: Dynamics Sensor, Electrical Connector & Occupant Restraint Controller (ORC) Module Coutesy of CHRYSLER GROUP, LLC (*) NOTE: If the dynamics sensor is replaced, it must be initialized using the scan tool. ‘The yaw rate, lateral acceleration and longitudinal acceleration sensors are housed into one unit known as the dynamics sensor (2). The sensor is used to measure vehicle rotational sensing (how fast the vehicle is turning - yaw), side-to-side (lateral) motion and longitudinal acceleration (forward). The dynamics sensor (2) has one electrical connector (1) is located on the floor panel transmission tunnel Under the center floor console, in front of the Occupant Restraint Controller (ORC) module (3). ‘Yaw and Lateral Acceleration Sensors cannot be serviced separately. The entire Dynamics Sensor must be replaced when necessary.ELECTRICAL > SENSOR, DYNAMICS > REMOVAL > REMOVAL Fig 1: Dynamics Sensor, Electrical Connector & Occupant Restraint Controller (ORC) Module 2854996 Coutesy of CHRYSLER GROUP, LLC *) NOTE: If the dynamics sensor is replaced, it must be initialized using the scan tool. 1, Disconnect and isolate the battery negative cable. Wait two minutes for the system capacitor to discharge before further service. 2. Remove the center console. Refer to CONSOLE, FLOOR, REMOVAL 3. Disconnect electrical connector (1) from the dynamics sensor (2).ELECTRICAL > SENSOR, DYNAMICS > INSTALLATION > INSTALLATION Fig 1: Dynamics Sensor, Electrical Connector & Occupant Restraint Controller (ORC) Module 2854996 Coutesy of CHRYSLER GROUP. LLC *) NOTE: If the dynamics sensor is replaced, it must be initialized using the scan tool. 1. Position the dynamics sensor (2). 2. Install the retaining nuts (4) and tighten to 9 N.m (80 in. Ibs.) 3. Install the electrical connector (3)6. Initialize the dynamics sensor by performing the ABS VERIFICATION TEST. Refer to STANDARD PROCEDURE ELECTRICAL > SENSOR, STEERING WHEEL ANGLE > DESCRIPTION > DESCRIPTION Fig 1: Steering Column Shroud, Steering Angle Sensor (SAS), Clockspring, Telescope Switch & Trim Cover Cowtesy of CHRYSLER GROUP, LLC Under transient comering conditions the lateral acceleration sensor does not measure the true side to side force on the car. In order to compensate for this the system uses the Steering Angle Sensor (SAS) (2) and vehicle speed to estimate the true sway force. This signal is matched with the lateral acceleration sensor signal to ensure a significantly-reduced transient side to side force of the vehicle body. The SAS is part of the Steering Control Module (SCM) and is not serviced separately from the SCM, For more information on the SCM, refer to MODULE, STEERING COLUMN CONTROL, DESCRIPTION . For replacement of the SAS (SCM), refer to MODULE, STEERING COLUMN CONTROL, REMOVAL ELECTRICAL > SENSOR, WHEEL SPEED, FRONT > DESCRIPTION > DESCRIPTIONFig 1: Front Wheel Sensor, Mounting Bott, Wiring & Knuckle Courtesy of CHRYSLER GROUP, LLC. Awheel speed sensor is used at each wheel. The front sensors (1) are mounted to the steering knuckles @). ELECTRICAL > SENSOR, WHEEL SPEED, FRONT > OPERATION > OPERATION Wheel speed sensors convert wheel speed into an electrical signal. This signal and amperage is changed by magnetic induction when the magnet (internal to the hub/bearing) passes the wheel speed sensor. This signal is sent to the Antilock Brake System (ABS) module which measures the voltage and amperage of the dicital signal for each wheel to determine wheel speed. ‘The signal strenath is affected by the distance between the sensor and the tone ring. If the "Air Gap" between the sensor and the magnet is too large, the signal can drop out at low speed, (below 40 mph)ELECTRICAL > SENSOR, WHEEL SPEED, FRONT > REMOVAL > REMOVAL (") wore: Wheel removed for clarity. Fig 1: Wheel Speed Sensor Electrical Connector, Wheel Speed Sensor Wiring & Wheel Speed Sensor Wiring Routing Clips Coutesy of CHRYSLER GROUP, LLC 1. Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to HOISTING, STANDARD PROCEDURE, (*) Nore:2. Disconnect the wheel speed sensor electrical connector (1). 3. Disconnect the wheel speed sensor wiring routing clips (2, 3). 4, Remove the wheel speed sensor wiring (4) from the brake flex hose bracket. Fig 2: Front Wheel Sensor, Mounting Bolt, Wiring & Knuckle CCoutesy of CHRYSLER GROUP, LLC 5. Disconnect the sensor wire routing clips from the brake hose. 6. Remove the wheel speed sensor wiring (3) from the knuckle (4). 7. Remove the front wheel sensor mounting bolt (2) and remove the sensor (1) from the knuckle (4) ELECTRICAL > SENSOR, WHEEL SPEED, FRONT > INSTALLATION > INSTALLATION( NoTe: Wheel removed for clarity. Fig 1: Front Wheel Sensor, Mounting Bott, Wiring & Knuckle Courtesy of CHRYSLER GROUP, LLC 1. Position the wheel speed sensor (1) in the knuckle (4), install the mounting bolt (2), and tighten to 10.7 N.m (95 in. Ibs.) 2. Attach the sensor wire routing clips to the brake hose. 3. Attach the wheel speed sensor wiring (3) to the knuckle (4).Fig 2: Wheel Speed Sensor Electrical Connector, Wheel Speed Sensor Wiring & Wheel Speed Sensor Wiring Routing Clips Couey of CHRYSLER GROUP, LLC 4, Connect the sensor electrical connector (1), 5. Attach the wheel speed sensor wiring routing clips (2, 3) to the body, 6. Attach the wheel speed sensor wiring (4) to the brake flex hose bracket. 7. Remove the supports and lower vehicle. ELECTRICAL > SENSOR, WHEEL SPEED, REAR > DESCRIPTION > DESCRIPTIONFig 1: Wheel Speed Sensor & Knuckles Coutesy of CHRYSLER GROUP, LLC Awheel speed sensor (2) is used at each wheel. The rear sensors (2) are mounted to the knuckles (4). ELECTRICAL > SENSOR, WHEEL SPEED, REAR > OPERATION > OPERATION Wheel speed sensors convert wheel speed into an electrical signal. This signal and amperage is changed by magnetic induction when the magnet (internal to the hub) passes the wheel speed sensor. This signal is sent to the Antilock Brake System (ABS) module which measures the voltage and amperage of the digital signal for each wheel to determine wheel speed. ‘The signal strength is affected by the distance between the sensor and the tone ring. Ifthe "Air Gap" between the sensor and the magnet is too large, the signal can drop out at low speed, (below 40 mph) and can cause an ABS activation. No adjustment is available for the air gap.Fig 1: Wheel Speed Sensor, Connector & Cradle 2857266 Coutesy of CHRYSLER GROUP, LLC 1. Raise and support the vehicle. Refer to HOISTING, STANDARD PROCEDURE, 2. Disconnect the wheel speed sensor wiring connector (1) from the wiring hamess connector (2). 3. Remove the wheel speed sensor (1) wiring routing clip (not shown) from the top of the cradle (3)Fig 2: Wheel Speed Sensor & Knuckles Courtesy of CHRYSLER GROUP, LLC 4, Remove the wheel speed sensor wiring routing clips (1) from the camber link 5. Remove the wheel speed sensor mounting bolt (3), and remove the sensor (2) from the knuckle (4). ELECTRICAL > SENSOR, WHEEL SPEED, REAR > INSTALLATION > INSTALLATIONFig 1: Wheel Speed Sensor, Connector & Cradle Coutesy of CHRYSLER GROUP, LLC 2857266 1, Route the wheel speed sensor and connect the wheel speed sensor wiring connector (1) to the wiring harness connector (2) 2. Attach the wheel speed sensor (1) wiring routing clip (not shown) to the top of the cradle (3).Fig 2; Wheel Speed Sensor & Knuckles Courtesy of CHRYSLER GROUP. LLG 3. Route and attach the wheel speed sensor wiring routing clips (1) to the camber link 4. Install the wheel speed sensor (2), and mounting bott (3), and tighten to 10.7 N.m (95 in. Ibs.) 5. Remove the supports and lower the vehicle HYDRAULIC/MECHANICAL > HYDRAULIC CONTROL UNIT (HCU) > DESCRIPTION > DESCRIPTIONFig 1: Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU), Primary & Secondary Brake Tubes, Chassis Lines & Antilock Brake System (ABS) Module Electrical Connector vi IS 2841853, Coutesy of CHRYSLER GROUP. LLC ‘The Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) (1) consists of a valve body, pump motor, and inlet/outlets for the brake lines. The combined HCU and Antilock Brake System (ABS) module is located forward of the master cylinder, under the engine air box. HYDRAULIC/MECHANICAL > HYDRAULIC CONTROL UNIT (HCU) > OPERATION > OPERATION ‘Accumulators in the valve body store extra fluid released to the system for Antilock Brake System (ABS) mode operation. The pump is used to clear the accumulator of brake fluid and is operated by a DC type motor. The motor is controlled by the ABM.During antilock braking, the solenoid valves are opened and closed as needed. The valves are not static. They are cycled rapidly and continuously to modulate pressure and control wheel siip and deceleration. During normal braking, the HCU solenoid valves and pump are not activated. The master cylinder and power booster operate the same as a vehicle without ABS. During antilock braking, solenoid valve pressure modulation occurs in three stages, pressure increase, pressure hold, and pressure decrease. The valves are all contained in the valve body portion of the HCU. HYDRAULIC/MECHANICAL > HYDRAULIC CONTROL UNIT (HCU) > OPERATION > OPERATION > PRESSURE DECREASE ‘The outlet valve is opened and the inlet valve is closed during the pressure decrease cycle pressure decrease cycle is initiated when speed sensor signals indicate high wheel slip at one or more wheels. At this point, the ABS module closes the inlet then opens the outlet valve, which also ‘opens the return circuit to the accumulators. Fluid pressure is allowed to bleed off (decrease) as needed to prevent wheel lock. Once the period of high wheel slip has ended, the ABS module closes the outlet valve and begins a pressure increase or hold cycle as needed. HYDRAULIC/MECHANICAL > HYDRAULIC CONTROL UNIT (HCU) > OPERATION > OPERATION > PRESSURE HOLD Both solenoid valves are closed in the pressure hold cycle. Fluid apply pressure in the control channel is maintained at a constant rate. The ABS module maintains the hold cycle until sensor inputs indicate a pressure change is necessary. HYDRAULIC/MECHANICAL > HYDRAULIC CONTROL UNIT (HCU) > OPERATION > OPERATION > PRESSURE INCREASE ‘The inlet valve is open and the outlet valve is closed during the pressure increase cycle. The pressure increase cycle is used to counteract unequal wheel speeds. This cycle controls re-application of fluid apply pressure due to changing road surfaces or wheel speed. HYDRAULIC/MECHANICAL > HYDRAULIC CONTROL UNIT (HCU) > REMOVAL > REMOVAL + Bamnve and jcakate the manative hattery eable fram the haterbrake fluid to drain out of the brake fluid reservoir while the brake lines are open. This will allow you to bleed out the area of repair instead of the entire system, 3. Siphon the master cylinder reservoir. 4, Remove the air cleaner body. Refer to REMOVAL - 3.0L, REMOVAL - 3.0L Turbo Diesel REMOVAL - 3.6L, REMOVAL - 5.7L or REMOVAL - 6.4L Fig 1; Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU), Primary & Secondary Brake Tubes, Chassis Lines & Antilock Brake System (ABS) Module Electrical Connector Wa 2841853 Courtesy of CHRYSLER GROUP, LLC ["] Nore: Mark the brake lines locations before removing to assist in proper installation. 5. Remove the primary and secondary brake tubes (2) at the Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) (1). 6. Remove the chassis lines (4) at the HCU (1).lifting the assembly from the push mount pins. Fig 2: Four ABS Module Screws & Module 2857406 Couey of CHRYSLER GROUP, LLC & CAUTION: When removing the ABS module from the HCU, be sure to completely separate the two components approximately 38 mm (1.5 in.) straight out before moving module to the side. Otherwise, damage to the pressure sensor or Pump Motor connection may result requiring HCU replacement. Do not to touch the sensor terminals on the ‘module side or the contact pads on the HCU side as this may result in contamination and issues in the future. NOTE: If replacing the ICU (HCU and ABS module together) then step 9 is not necessary.firmly pull straight apart. 10. Remove and transfer the bracket as necessary. HYDRAULIC/MECHANICAL > HYDRAULIC CONTROL UNIT (HCU) > INSTALLATION > INSTALLATION Fig 1: Integrated Control Unit (ICU) 2857455 Coutesy of CHRYSLER GROUP. LLC & CAUTION: When installing the ABS module to the HCU, be sure to properly align the ABS module and the HCU so that sensor terminals or the contact pads do not touch other parts of the ‘modules. Otherwise. damage to the pressure sensor or Pump Motor connection may result*) NOTE: IF replacing the Integrated Control Unit (ICU) steps 1 and 2 may not be necessary. 1, If necessary, align the ABS module contact tower (3) and the tower receiving hole (2) of the Hydraulic Control Unit (1) and put ABS module (4) and the HCU (1) together without touching the tower terminals to any solenoids Fig 2: Four ABS Module Screws & Module 2857406 Coutesy of CHRYSLER GROUP, LLC NOTE: Tighten the ABS module screws (2) in a crisscross pattern four ABS module screws (2) securing the module (1) to the HCU andFig 3: Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU), Primary & Secondary Brake Tubes, Chassis Lines & Antilock Brake System (ABS) Module Electrical Connector os” 2841853 Cotes of CHRYSLER GROUP LLC 3. Install the ICU (1) to the vehicle by firmly pushing the assembly onto the push mount pins. 4, Install the chassis lines (4) at the HCU (1), 5. Install the primary and secondary brake lines (2) to the HCU (1) and tighten to 21 N.m (186 in. Ibs.). 6. Reconnect the HCU (1) electrical connector (3), 7. Install negative battery cable to the battery. 8. Install the air cleaner body. Refer to INSTALLATION - 3.0L, INSTALLATION - 3.0L Turbo Diesel, INSTALLATION - 3.6L, INSTALLATION - 5.7L or INSTALLATION 9, Remove the brake pedal prop rod. 10. Pressure bleed the base brake system, Refer to PRESSURE BLEEDINGperforming the ABS VERIFICATION TEST. Refer to STANDARD PROCEDURE 13. Verify proper brake operation.