UNIVERSITEIT VAN PRETORIA

DEPARTEMENT SIVIELE EN BIOSISTEEM INGENIERSWESE

HOUTONTWERP SIB 310 / TIMBER DESIGN SIB 310
Eksamen / Examination 2004

Externe Eksaminator / External Examiner Prof B W J van Rensburg

Interne Eksaminator / Internal Examiner Prof W M G Burdzik

Datum/Date: 2 Junie / 2 June 2004 Tyd/Time: 3 uur/hours

Volpunte = 100 / Full marks = 100

Toegelaat: Sakrekenaar, formules, tabelle, notas.

Allowed: Calculator, formulas, tables, notes

Vraag 1: (10 punte)

Die gebou in die Figuur 1 staan in Durban reg langs die strand. Bepaal die maksimum windlas op die
mure en dak van die gebou.

Question 1: (10 marks)

The building in Figure 1 is placed right next to the beach in Durban. Determine the maximum wind
load on the walls and the roof.

Figuur 1: Gebou langs die strand in Durban

Figure 1: Building next to the beach in Durban

Vraag 2: (15 punte)

‘n Hout, AA, balk dra ‘n gedeelte van ‘n dak. Die kappe word teen 750 mm hartafstande geplaas.
Bepaal die werklas asook die gefakoriseerde las op die balk AA in Figuur 2: Die dak is bedek met
teëls met ‘n massa van 55 kg/m2, die plafon het ‘n massa van 15 kg/m2 en die kappe ‘n massa van
12 kg/m2.

Question 2: (15 marks)

A timber beam carries part of a roof. The trusses are spaced at 750 mm centre-to-centre. Determine
the service load as well as the factored ultimate load on the beam in Figure 2. The roof is covered with
tiles with a mass of 55 kg/m2, the ceiling has a mass of 15 kg/m2 and the trusses a mass of 12 kg/m2.

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Figuur 2: / Figure 2.

Vraag 3: (15 punte)

Indien die balk AA in Figuur 2 ‘n permanente (dooie) werkslas van 8,9 kN/m (eie gewig ingesluit) en ‘n
lewende werkslas van 2,9 kN/m moet kan dra, bepaal ‘n geskikte graad 10 lamelhoutbalk. Onthou dat
die defelksie kriterium Span/300 moet wees.

Question 3: (15 marks)

If the beam AA in Figure 2 carries a permanent (dead) working load of 8,9 kN/m (self weight included)
and a live working load of 2,9 kN/m, determine a suitable grade 10 laminated beam. Remember that
the deflection criterion is Span/300.

Vraag 4: (15 punte)

‘n Tweede verdieping houtvloer bestaan uit 73 x 225 mm graad 7 balke, wat 4,5 m span, en
vloerplanke van 22 mm dikte. Balke is op 450 mm hartafstande. Die eienaars wil weet wat die
maksimum lewendelas is wat die vloer mag dra. Die defleksie kriterium is Span/250 en die kruipfaktor
d1 is 1,3. Aanvaar dat die produk van die γ faktore = 0,9.

Question 4: (15 marks)

A second storey floor consists of 73 x 225 mm grade 7 beams, that span 4,5 m, and floorboards with a
thickness of 22 mm. Beams are spaced at 450 mm. The owner would like to know what the maximum
live load is that the floor may carry. The deflection criterion is Span/250 and the creep factor d1 is 1,3.
Assume that the product of the γ factors = 0,9.

Vraag 5: (20 punte)

‘n Graad 10 lamelhout element, wat deel is van ‘n raam, is onderworpe aan die ongefaktoriseerde
laste soos in Figuur 3. Die laterale ondersteunings word verskaf deur die windgordinge, wat aan ‘n
verspanningsraam gekoppel word. Die onderkant van die kolom is geskarnier en die bokant is
ingeklem vir moment om die sterk as en geskarnier om die swakker as. Bepaal ‘n geskikte
lamelhoutdeel.

Question 5: (20 marks)

A grade 10 laminated section that is part of a frame carries the unfactored loads as shown in Figure 3.
The lateral supports re provided by the wind-girts, which are connected to a bracing frame. The
member is hinged at the bottom and at the top it is fixed for moments about the major axis and hinged
about the minor axis. Determine a suitable sized member.

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Figuur 5 / Figure 5

Vraag 6: (25 punte)

Die kappe in Figuur 6 word teen 750 mm hartafstande geplaas. Verspanning word voorsien met
behulp van verspanningsrame. Die kappe dra teëls met ‘n massa van 60 kg/m2 en ‘n lewendelas van
0,5 kN/m2. Die plafon het ‘n massa van 15 kg/m2. Verwaarloos die eiegewig van die kappe.
Bepaal:
a) Bepaal die gefaktoriseerde las op die bokoord en die onderkoord.
b) Konsentreer die laste by die knooppunte en bepaal die kritieke druk- en trekkrag in die bo-
en onderkoord.
c) Gebruik die formulas in Figuur 6a en bepaal die momente in die bo- en onderkoord.
d) Ontwerp die bo- en onderkoorde in graad 5 hout met b=36 mm indien die kragte en
momente soos in Figuur 6b is.

Question 6: (25 marks)

The trusses in Figure 6 are spaced at 750 mm centers. Bracing is by means of bracing frames. The
trusses carry tiles with a mass of 60 kg/m2 and a live load of 0,5 kN/m2. The ceiling has a mass of
15 kg/m2. Ignore the self-weight of the trusses.
a) Determine the factored load on the top and bottom chords
b) Concentrate the loads at the nodes and determine the critical compression and tension in
the top and bottom chord
c) Use the equations in Figure 6a and determine the moments in the top and bottom chords.
d) Design the top and bottom chord in grade 5 timber with b=36 mm if the ultimate forces
and moments are as given in Figure 6b.

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