Chapter 6 Thermodynamics 4. Answer (1) L. H,O(l) + H'(aq) + OH-(aq); AH = $7.32 kd Hyg) + Fo,0) > H,Ol); AH = -286.20 ks Adding | & II we get, Ho) * 50,0) > H'(aq) + OF (a9) AH = 57.32 — 286.2 =-228.88 kJ 2. Answer (3) 3 CH,OH() + $.0,(9) > CO,(g) + 24,00) reaction = AGproducts ~ AG, = [-394.4- 2 297.2] - [-166.2] =-702.6 kd AG, We know, efficiency of a fuel cell, iG aH x100 -102.6 726 100 =97% 3. Answer (3) AG = AH-TAS For equilibrium AG = 0 For spontaneous reaction, AG <0 TT, 4. Answer (3) In 3 phat Gt NH, Alyy, =-46 kd iw 3, NH, —>2N, +3H, >No tHe 10. 4 3 48 = 9H —5%(712)-5x436 Hy 4 =352kJ/mol ‘Answer (1) AH =-111-(2* 54) =-219kJ ‘Answer (1) From the data, itis clear that Pb*? is more stable than Pb“ and Sn*? is less stable than Sn*4 ‘Answer (4) AH= AE + n,RT. 1366.5 = AE + (-1 x 8,314 « 300 x 10-3) AE = ~1364 kd ‘Answer (2) Answer (1) For isothermal reversible expansion of an ideal gas, the work done is given by We ==0.04x8.914x310nS7S =-207.22=~208 J Q=—Way = +2085 Answer (1) C,H,OH()) + 30,(g) > 2C0,(g) + 3H,0(/) Bomb calorimeter gives AU of the reaction So, as per question AU = ~1364.47 kJ mol AH = AU + An,RT 1%8.314x298 1000 = ~1366.93 kJ moh" =-1364.47— ‘Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456CHEMISTRY ARCHIVE - JEE (Main) 11. Answer (4) 2NO(g) + 0,(9) == 2NO,(g) is) esd [(46 Jematon pad 7 or -RTIn Ke =2x(s6'),, -2(06'), = (ac"),, =2(a6'), RT In Kp +) _2x86600-R(298)in Kp 2 (00'),, = ASEOO RIe8B) I Ke 2x86600-R(298)In1.6x10'? aereeeeers =0.5{ 286,600-R(298)In1.6x10"] 12. Answer (3) C(s) + 0,(g) > CO,(g) AH = - 393.5 kJ mol” co(g) + $0.9) > CO,(g) AH = - 283.5 kJ mol" ©(s) + $0,(g) —> CO(G) AH =- 110.5 kJ mal* 43. Answer(1) G, +0,(g) > CO,(g) AH? = 393.5 kJ molt...) rope) Hola)+Z0,(@) > 4,010: AH? = -285.8 kJ mol.) CO,(g) + 2H,0()) > CH,(g) + 20,19); AH? = 890.3 kJ mob". By applying the operation () +2* Gi + Gil), we got c + 2H,(9) > CH,(g); AH’ = -393.5 -285.8 x 2 + 890.3 -74.8 kJ mol* graphite) 44. Answer (1) For adiabatic process, q = 0 As per 1® law of thermodynamics, AU=W ‘Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Answer (4) 15 CaH() + "804g +80, (6)+ 34,00) An, 15 3 AH = AU+An,RT = 3263.9+( 3)x8.314x298x10°% 2) = 3263.9 +(-3.71) = -3267.6 kJ mol? ‘Answer (3) Work done in an isothermal reversible expansion is given by W =-2.303 nRTlog Yt M M Wi=netin Ye TT, $0, (Vr, >My, Hence, slope at T, will be greater but intercept at T,, will be lesser. Answer (3) AM, 394_ As, = the = 3 1.22 aH as, Mes _ 2491 _ 6.67 0 "373,373 Total entropy change AS = 9.26 kJ kg? Kt Answer (3) AH = 200 J mol AS = 40 JK molt ‘akash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456ARCHIVE - JEE (Main) CHEMISTRY For spontaneous reaction, (14t) T,+h) (he Seg = Cpin| 2" | cn (2, i me) 200s 5 =p] CT 2a ah | So, minimum temperature is 5 K 22. Answer (3) 19. Answer (4) W = Poly ¥)) =A Nav? (1 —5)m? =16Nm'=> 16J MgO (s) + C(s) > Mg{s) + Co(g) For reaction to be spontaneous AH®-TAS* <0 For isothermal process 46 J AU=q+w'> q=-w (+. AU= 0 for isothermal process) 4911x1000 From calorimetry > 498 Heat given = nCAT T> 2480.3 K 16 = 1X24 IxAT 23, Anguod a) = nolK AG°=A-BT, And B are non-zero constants AT==2K ¢ AG® = AH’ =TAS® = A- BT Reaction will be endothermic if A > 0. 20. Answer (2) 24. Answer (4) FAG" is positive then K,, < 1 C, and C, for ideal gases are dependant on temperature only. So, C, will not change with so, Wey pressure id 25. Answer (2) IfAG* is negative then K,, > 1 ‘According to Hess's law, the enthalpy change of a reaction does not depend on the number of steps wo Ma involved inthe reaction Cigraphite) + Fo.) CO (g) AHY = y kJ mor AG? = 120 8 1 CO(g) + 5 0,{g) > CO,(g) AHs =z kJ molt At315 K, AG* = 120 - 118.125 = positive Xa) + 7 Ox{a) > COn(a) AHg = 2 kd mo} so, [X] > [YJ 21. Answer (2) C(graphite)+0,(g) — A°H, = x kJ mol" +s AH = AH?+ AH} xaytz ** in reaction i, Product should be CO (gas) instead of CO, (gas). 26. Answer (4) (B) and (D) are not correct representation for isothermal expansion of ideal gas. ‘Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456CHEMISTRY 27. Answer (4) AU=q+W Adiabatic process q = 0 AU=W For isothermal, AU = 0 For cyclic, AU For isochoric, W = 0 28. Answer (3) n=3 T,=300 T, = 1000 ©, =23+0.01T P ane [noyer J (23+0.01T)aT so o.orr? |" afasrs Ioo = 3[16100 + 4550] x 20650 = 61950 J 1.95 kd =62 29. Answer (4) AU=N Gy, AT =5%28x100 = 14 kd A(PV)=nR(T,— 7) = 5x Bx 100= 44d 30. Answer (2) (A) q+w=AU, - state function a, path function Qw path function (0) H-TS=G, state function 31. Answer (3) w= 10 kJ q=-2kd AU=q+w=10-2=8kJ 32, Answer (1) A reaction is spontaneous if AG, Gg = AH yy, — TAS yg ays iS negative. 33, 36, 36, 37. 38. 39, ARCHIVE - JEE (Main) A reaction will be spontaneous at all temperatures if AH... {8 negative and AS,,, = +ve ‘Answer (4) CyHye +110, —* 4760, + 8H,0 0 @ @ an, RT ART =-(1 bar) x (9L) 108 Pa) x (9 x 10°) m? =-9* 10? Nem =-900 J=-0.9 kJ ‘Answer (4) '{s) — |,(9) (AH), —(AH)y, = (ACp (Te Ts) (AH)pp = (AH) pop * (0.031 — 0.055) 50 = 24 ~ 50 x 0.024 = 22.8 Answer (1) Br, (I) > 2Br(g), AH=x kJ/mol Br,(g)— 2Br(g);. AH=y kJ/mol Br, (I) > Br2(g) > 2Br(g) x>y| Answer (3) Both entropy and change in entropy are function of temperature, Answer (3) From the given ionisation enthalpy data it can be concluded that valency of the given metal is one. Its hydroxide is MOH MOH + HC!» McI+H,0 MOH +H,SO, —+ M,SO, +H,0 Tmo! "2 mal ‘Answer (2) For 1 mole of ideal gas. © Both internal energy (U) and Enthalpy (H) depends on temperature © Compressibility factor Z = 4 © Cem Cym=R and dU = CaT ‘Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456ARCHIVE - JEE (Main) CHEMISTRY 40. Answer (1) 45. Poe = 0 w=-P,,aV =0 41. Answer (-192.5) (1) C+O,—»CO, AH = - 286 kJ/mol @ H, +40, —3H,0 AgH® =-393.5 kJ/mol 46. (8) CH, +20, 200, +3H,0 AGH? = - 1560 kuimol 2x (1) +3 (2)-() 2C+3H, C,H, AH; (C Hg) = 2(-286) + 3(-393.5) + 1560 = 192.5 kJ/mol 42, Answer (48.00) Work done by a gas that undergoes a reversible expansion along the path ABC is given by 47. 2 8 12 Volume —> (om) w=(6x6)+(4x4x6] =(6x6)+{ 2 = 4 (gx4%8) = 48.004 43. Answer (6.25) AU=nC,aT 6000 = 4 x C,(500 ~ 300) 48, C, = 6.25 JK*mol* 44, Answer (189494) H,0()) + H,0(9) AH yay = AU + ANJRT AU = AH, —RT = 41,000 - 8.314 x 373 J mol = 37898.878 For 5 moles, AU = 37898.878 x5J = 189494 J qgaa ‘Answer (-326400) C,H,0H (I) + 30,(g) —> 2C0,{g) + 3H,0(1) AH = ~327 keal; An, =—1 AH = AU + An,RT AU =~327 +2 10x 300 =~ 326.4 kcal =~ 326400 cal Answer (37) ‘At30 bar pressure mass of CO, in 1 kg water = 44 gm At 3 bar pressure mass of CO, in 1 kg water =4.4gm Moles of CO, in 1 kg water = 0.1, H,CO, = H’ + HCO; OI-a) Ota Ota {H*JHCO3) Ka, = IKCOs) 1603] x10" $0.1 a=2% 104; pH=3.7 =37 x10" ‘Answer (1537.57) 2A(9) >A,(9) 20 ksimol and AS? = ~ 30 JIK mol Ue + An, RT 20000 - 1 8.314 x 298 2247757 -Tas* 13637.57 ‘Answer (-02,70) A(¢) == 28(g), An, =2 AH = AU + (An,) RT (21+2%2%900%107) kcal 3-300 x 20 x 10% 3-6 2.7 kcal. ‘Aakash Educational Services Limited - Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005 Ph.011-47623456