Lesson 1 Energy Flow in

Ecosystems
Group Name: KIAH :)
Members: Kisa Zahra, Anayah Ahsen,Haleema Haroon,
Inaya Haq
Ecosystems video
Producer
★ An organism that can make its own food is known or
called as a “producer.”
★ Producers are the source of all the food in an
ecosystem.
★ In some ecosystems producers get energy from a
different source other than the sunlight.
★ The example of producers are shrubs,fruits,green
plants,algae and etc.
Consumers
★ Organisms that cannot produce their own food are known as
consumers.
★ In order to obtain energy, consumers feed on other
organisms.
★ They are classified on what they eat.
★ There are three types of consumers
★ Herbivores
★ Carnivores
★ And Omnivores
Types Of Consumers
★ Herbivores: Are animals that eat only plants. Example: Koala

Omnivores: Are animals that eat both meat and plants. Example;
Human beings

★ Carnivores: Animals that only eat meat. Example; Lions

 Pictures For The Types Of Consumers

Omnivores

Herbivores omnivores

Carnivores
Decomposers

• Decomposers break down wastes and dead organisms,

returning the raw materials back to the ecosystem.
• While they are obtaining energy for themselves,
they return simple molecules to the environment.
• These molecules can be reused by other organisms.
• Examples of decomposers:
✰ Mushrooms
✰Bacteria
Pictures for types of decomposers!
Producers
Consumers
Decomposers
Food Chains
• A food chain is a series of events in which one organism
eats another and obtains energy.
• It starts from producers, and ends at predator species
or decomposers.
• A food chain shows how organisms are linked to each
other by the food they eat.
Food Webs
★ In a food chain, you can see the energy flow
only one path.
★ However in a food web, you can see many food
chains as one
★ Organisms in food webs can play more than one
role
★ A food web consists of many overlapping food
chains in an ecosystem.A food web consists of 5
stages,
• Decomposers
• Producers
Energy Pyramids
★ An organism in an ecosystem obtains energy through
food
★ They use this energy to grow, live, reproduce, and for
other reasons
★ An Energy Pyramid is a technical drawing that shows
the quantity of the energy that proceeds from one
feeding level to another in a food web
★ The highest amount of energy is found on the producer
level
★ As the pyramid moves upwards, the less the energy is
available
★ The diagram is mostly shown as a pyramid
 Agriculture
Hundreds of millions of people are living on earth and
they need food.Many people made technologies to increase the
amount of food that is produced.These technologies have a
negative impact on the environment.E.G the technologies that help
people to clear large tracts of forests for a new farmland affect
the amount of carbon dioxin the atmosphere in 2 ways
1. Equipment used to remove trees that burn oil
2. Trees use carbon dioxide and with lesser trees there will be
more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Farmers may use different methods to increase their crop yield
Agriculture (continue)
1. Insecticides for insects that damage the crop
2. Herbicides kill weeds
These chemicals can enter
the soil and can be absorbed by roots and also can be
driven into lakes and streams poisoning them and killing the
organisms.Farmers may use fertilizers which put nutrients
back in the soil. Like insecticides and herbicides they can
also enter the lakes and streams and the fertilizer may
increase plant and algae growth this overgrowth can kill
organisms in the water.
Overuse of resources
When humans overuse resources animals living there can be
affected. The marine ecosystems provide food for most
people.Especially fish.If people keep on catching fish their
population will decrease.In the rural areas people use
grassland ecosystems to raise farm animals.The animals eat
grasses faster than grass growing or they eat all the grass
and it does not grow after that.Without the roots to hold
the grass winds can blow away fertile top soil that supports
plant growth.then the grasslands can become dry that can
lead to desertification
 Thank you!!
✰
Presentation by: KIAH (Kisa,Inaya,Anayah,Haleema)