Perfect 4th 5 Perfect 4th 5 Perfect 5th 7 Perfect 5th 7 Minor 6th 8 Major 6th 9 Minor 7th 10 Major 7th un Perfect 8th 12 Perfect 8th 12 EXERCISE 8+1 From each starting pitch, write ascending and descending natural minor scales inboth treble clef and bass clef. The scales in this exercise are grouped in per feat fifths so that each successive scale requires one additional sharp. The new sharp is always the supertonic of that scale. Remember that, like the major scale, the minor scale is composed of an alphabetical sequence of pitches, and thus no chromatic half steps are used. When you have written the scales, check that the half steps fall only between the second and third and the fifth and sixth degrees. Indicate the half steps in each scale. E natural minor oe Bnatural minor Finatural minor 197 Natural Minor Scale198 Minor Seales Ctnatural minor G# natural minor D# natural minor At natural minor EXERCISE 8+2 Write ascending and descending natural minor scales from each starting pitch. (The scales in this exercise are grouped so that each succeeding scale requires one additional flat—the submediant of that scale.) When you have written the scales, check that the half steps fall only between the second and third and the fifth and sixth degrees, Indicate the half steps in each scale.D natural minor G natural minor’ C natural minor F natural minor Be natural minor 199 Natural Minor Seale200 Minor Seales natural minor Ab natural minor be. EXERCISE 8+3 Write ascending natural minor scales beginning with the given tonic pitches, This exercise and the one following use the same scales you wrote in the previ ous two exercises, but now they are out of sequence.202 Minor Seales EXERCISE 8+4 ‘Write natural minor scales in descending form, beginning with the given tonic pitches. Indicate the half steps in each scale.203 Natural Minor Seale MUSICAL PROBLEM The American folk song “Erie Canal” is in the key of D natural minor. In the space provided, rewrite this folk song in the key of D major. Then, sing orplay both versions in class and discuss the differences between the two types of scales. (continued)Gf harmonic minor scale h half’ step a mae EXERCISE 8+6 \Wite the following harmonic minor scales, in ascending and descending forms, inboth treble clef and bass clef. A simple way to begin is to write a natural ninor scale and then borrow the leading tone from the parallel major. This, of course, is the same as raising the seventh degree of the natural minor scale by ahalf step. (Try to learn to think both ways; don’t rely on either method exclu- sively) To check your work, make sure that each scale has three half steps, and then mark them. ‘This exercise deals with sharp scales only. E harmonic minor eo Bharmonie minor Ftharmonic minor 207 Harmonie Minor SealeMinor Seales Ctharmonic minor Gtharmonic minor Dt harmonic minor Atharmonic minor EXERCISE 8+7 Write the following minor scale in the harmonic minor form, in both ascend! and descending patterns, using both treble clef and bass clef. Even though t exercise deals with flat scales only, you will occasionally need to use a sign in order to raise the seventh scale degree to the proper pitch. When voz finish, check that each scale has three half steps, and mark them.D harmonic minor 209 Harmonie Minor Seale Gharmonic minor Charmonic minor F harmonic minor BP harmonic minorE> harmonic minor 210 Minor Scales oe A harmonic minor EXERCISE 8-8 Write the following harmonic minor scales in ascending form. This exercise and the one following use the same scales as in the previous two exercises, but now out of sequence.Minor Seales EXERCISE 8+9 Spell the indicated harmonic minor scales using letter names and any neces, sary accidentals. For each scale, indicate where the half steps fall. 1G ee MUSICAL PROBLEM Rewrite the following melody by transposing it from the original key (G major) to the key of G harmonic minor. Then, sing or play both versions in class, Discuss the differences between the major and harmonic minor versions. “The Wabash Cannon Ball”EXERCISE 8+10 Identify by letter name the following scale degrees. 1. supertonic of C harmonic minor 2. dominant of B} harmonic minor 3 leading tone of G harmonic minor 4. mediant of A harmonic minor 5. subdominant of B harmonic minor 6 tonic of harmonic minor 1. mediant of C* harmonic minor —__ 8 submediant of D harmonic minor 8 supertonic of B harmonic minor 213 Harmonic Minor SealeMinor Seales ic minor ___ bdominant of CF harmonic m : ph harmonie minor —— odiant of 11, median of C harmonic minor —— cia 12. submet upertonic of A aarmonie minor dominant of E harmonic minor —— tonic of F? harmonic minor —— .D harmonic minor —___ 16, subdominant o 17. leading tone of BP harmonic minor — mediant of Aé harmonic minor submediant of F harmonic minor leading tone of F harmonic minor subdominant of E* harmonic minor _ 29, supertonic of Br harmonic minor 23, dominant of C* harmonic minor 24, supertonic of D harmonic minor 25, submediant of E harmonic minor —__ EXERCISE 8-11 Complete the following: 1. Gis the dominant of the 2. Bris the mediant of the 3. Fis the submediant of the 4. GF is the leading tone of the 5. Ais the leading tone of the 6. Cis the mediant of the 4. 8 9 harmonic minor scale. harmonic minor scale. harmonic minor scale. harmonic minor scale. harmonic minor scale. harmonic minor scale. Eis the leading tone of the harmonic minor scale. Gis the subdominant of the ——— harmonic minor scale. Fis the dominant of the harmonic minor scale. 10. e is the leading tone of the —— harmonic minor scale. = fe the dominant of the _ —— harmonic minor scale. is the supertonic of the _ —— harmonic minor scale. 13. Dis the leading tone of the 14. Gis the mediant of. the 15. Bhis the submediant of the —— harmonic minor scale. —— harmonic minor scale. ——— harmonic minor scale.C melodic minor scale, descending “e we = As in the harmonic minor, double sharp signs will occasionally be required ‘Minor Scales tg form the melodic minor, 216 D# melodie minor scale EXERCISE 8+12 Write melodie minor scales, ascending and descending, in both treble clef and bass clef, beginning with the given tonic pitches. (This exercise deals with sharp scales only.) Mark the half steps in each scale. E melodic minor oe B melodic minor Ft melodie minorCt melodic minor 217 Melodie Minor Seale Gf melodic minor Dimelodic minor Af melodic minor INBRCISE 8+13 Unte melodic minor scales, ascending and descending, in both treble clef and tis de, beginning with the given tonic pitches. Even though this exercise dels oly with flat scales, you will need to use sharps occasionally to alter the ‘sath scale degree. Be sure to mark the half steps in each scaleD melodie minor 218 Minor Scales G melodie minor 2, C melodic minor 3, F melodic minor 4 Bi melodie minorE} melodie minor 6 219 Melodic Minor Scale oe Ab melodic minor be EXERCISE 8+14 Write melodic minor scales, ascending and descending, beginning with the siven tonic pitches. These are the same scales as in the two previous exercises, but now out of sequence.and seventh scale degrees are lowered. Similar alterations in syllables are nec: sary for the harmonic and melodic versions of the minor scale. MUSICAL PROBLEM — ‘The two methods of sight-singing minor scales are given below for each of Sih Sinzing the three kinds of minor scales. Sing the scales both ways, and decide for of Minor Scale yourself which system seems most advantageous. Then, practice that sys- tem until you can sing the minor scales easily and accurately. Cratural minor ti re mi fa sol la te me fa sol le te do C melodie minor re mi fa sol si la sol fa me re do ti ti do te le sol fa me re do ard as Be ra EXERCISE 8+15 Spell the indicated melodic minor scales using letter names and any necessary actidentals, Indicate where the half steps occur.224 Minor Seales MUSICAL PROBLEM Sing or play the following melodies. Locate the tonic for each melody, ang identify the principal form of the minor scale on which each melody ig based. Then, write the appropriate sight-singing syllables in the spaces provided, and learn to sing one or more of the melodies, using the sight singing syllables. “Joshua Fit the Battle of Jericho” Tonic Form of minor scale