SOCIOLOGY - I

Course Code: Credit: 4

A) INTRODUCTION
Sociology is the scientific study of society, involving patterns of Social interaction,
Culture and Social Relationship. It can be considered as a domain uniting knowledge
about human activity. Sociology as a subject has deep connection with law. Society is
regulated by certain means of social control and law acts as a tool of control. This
subject introduces the student to fundamental concepts and theories of sociology.

B) OBJECTIVES:
1. To enable students, comprehend basic concepts and perspectives in Sociology;
2. To give them a broader and deeper understanding into the relationship between social
institutions, social change, social control and law;
3. To sensitize them into understanding how multiple forms of inequalities still exist in
society and the role law plays.

C) COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES:

1. Grasp sociological concepts and theoretical perspectives which will broaden their
understanding of society;
2. Appreciate the relationship between society and law;
3. Realize the role law can play in eradicating the still existing inequalities in society as well
as the reasons why laws have failed.

D) CURRICULUM

Unit Content Hours

60
1. Introduction to Sociology 4
1.1 What is Sociology and Sociological Imagination?
1.2 Emergence, nature and scope of Sociology
1.3 Relationship of Sociology with other social sciences (History, Geography,
Biology, Economics, Psychology, Anthropology, Biology and Law)

2. Sociological perspectives and contributions by scholars 11

2.1 Evolutionary, Structural functionalism, Symbolic interactionism and
Conflict perspectives.
 2.2 August Comte, Herbert Spencer, Emile Durkheim, Karl Marx and Max
Weber.

3. Fundamental Concepts 5
3.1 Culture and Culture lag theory, Society, Crowds and social groups
3.2 Community and Association, Institution and Institutional traits, Role and
Status
4. Socialization 6
4.1 What is Socialization?
4.2 Stages, types, agencies and theories of socialization
5. Indian Legal System 12

4.1 Indian Constitution: Salient Features

4.2 Judicial System in India:
4.2.1 Hierarchy of Courts
4.2.2 Jurisdiction of the Courts.
6. Social change 5
6.1 What is social change?
6.2 Need for social change and how
society/institutions/structures/functions/culture and law have been constantly
changing and WHY? (For instance, why was POSCO introduced).
6.3 Theories of social change
7. Social control 5
7.1 What is social control?
7.2 Need for social control and changing forms of social control
7.3 Agencies of social control like family, school, workplace and law. (For
instance, has the law on drunken driving been successful in controlling human
actions?)
8. Social inequalities and laws 12
8.1 Meaning, nature and different forms of inequalities,
8.2 Sex and Gender (laws protecting women like domestic violence, sexual
harassment at workplace, laws for the third gender)
8.3 Caste (law on manual scavenging, Untouchability)
 8.4 Class (minimum wages act, equal pay at equal work)
8.5 Age (sociology of gerontology and the law protecting the elderly)
8.6 Labels and stigmas attached to color/beauty/body/type, differently abled
people

Self-Learning Topics (Unit Wise)

Sr.No. Sub-Unit Topics Links

1 1.1 What is Sociological Imagination? What is Sociological Imagination? | National
University (nu.edu)
2 7.1 What is Social Control? Social Control: The Meaning, Need, Types and
other details (yourarticlelibrary.com)

E) RECOMMENDED READINGS/ REFERENCES

1. Sociology: Principles of Sociology with an introduction to Social Thought - C. N.
Shankar Rao
2. An Introduction to Sociology - Vidya Bhushan and D. R, Sachdeva
3. Sociology: Basic concepts - H. K. Rawat
4. Sociological Traditions: Methods and Perspectives in the Sociology of India - T. N.
Madan
5. Sociology - Horton and Hunt
6. Sociology: Themes and Perspectives - Haralambos and Herald
 LEGAL METHOD

Course Code: UL-FBA- 401 Credit: 4

A) INTRODUCTION
Legal Method commonly refers to a set of techniques used to analyze and apply the law; and
to determine the appropriate weight that should be accorded to different sources of law. Legal
method is an introductory course for students in law to get them indoctrinated into legal studies.
It helps students to lay a foundation for proper understanding and application of the various
substantive rules and principles which they will come across as they progress in their legal
education.

B) OBJECTIVES:
To develop an appreciation of application of law in the society.
To develop an understanding of various sources of law and their application.
To orient the learners with the basic concepts of the legal system

C) COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES:

At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Describe the basic legal concepts like classification, sources and schools of law.
2. Give an account of statutes, methods of interpretation and analysis of judgments.
3. Appreciate the features of the Indian judicial system.

D) CURRICULUM

Unit Content Hours

60
1. Introduction to Legal Methods 8

1.1 Definition of Law

1.2 Functions of Law
1.3 Law, Justice and Morality
1.4 Classification of Laws:
1.4.1 Public and Private Law,
1.4.2 Substantive and Procedural Law,
` 1.4.3 Municipal and International Law,
1.4.4 Civil Law and Criminal Law.
2. Schools of Law 14

2.1 Analytical School John Austin, Bentha,

2.2 Sociological School Roscoe Pound, Dugit,
2.3 Historical School Savigny, George Friedrich Puchta, Ehrlich
2.4 Philosophical School or Natural Law -Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau,
2.5 Realist School American Realism, Scandinavian Realism
3. Statutes, Methods of Interpretation, Judgment Analysis and 13
Precedent
 2.1 Statute Law
2.2 Structure of Legislation
2.3 Rules of Interpretation
2.4 Case Law in the study of Legal Method
2.5 Studying Law under the Case Method
2.6 Precedent, Doctrine of Stare Decisis
2.7 Determining the Ratio-Decidendi of a Case
2.8 Understanding Law Reports

4. Basic Concepts of Legal System 7

3.1 Sources of Law: Custom, Precedent, Legislation

3.2 Common Law Foundations
3.3 Rule of Law
3.4 Separation of Powers
3.5 Principles of Natural Justice
3.6 Rule of Equity

5. Indian Legal System 12

4.1 Indian Constitution: Salient Features

4.2 Judicial System in India:
4.2.1 Hierarchy of Courts
4.2.2 Jurisdiction of the Courts.
6. Legal Writing and Research 6

5.1 Legal Materials: Statutes, Reports, Journals, Manuals, Bill, Act

5.2 Case Analysis and Preparation of Briefs
5.3 Kinds of Legal Research: Doctrinal and Non-Doctrinal Research
5.4 Techniques of Legal Research
5.5 Citations and Bibliography.

Self-Learning Topics {Unit Wise}

Sr. Sub Topic Reference
No. Unit
1. 2.6 Precedent https://www.legalserviceindia.com/legal/article-579-
judicial-precedent-is-source-of-law.html

https://www.thelawlane.com/legal-method/

2. 4.1 Indian Constitution: https://blog.ipleaders.in/salient-features-of-the-indian-

Salient Features constitution/

https://www.drishtiias.com/printpdf/general-studies-II
 E) RECOMMENDED READINGS/ REFERENCES
1. A.T.H. Smith, Glanville Williams, Learning the Law, Sweet and Maxwell, 2013.
2. John William Salmond, Jurisprudence, Sweet and Maxwell, 1966.
3. D.D. Basu, Introduction to the Constitution of India, LexisNexis, 2013.
4. Benjamin N. Cardozo, The Nature of Judicial Process, Dover Publications, 2005.
5. S.K. Verma and M. Afzal Wani, Legal Research and Methodology, ILI, Delhi, 2001.
6. A. V. Dicey, An Intriduction to the Study of the Law of Constitution, Universal Law
Publishing Co., 10th edn. 4th Indian Reprint, 2003
7. Benjamin Cardozo, Nature of Judicial Process, Universal Law Publishing Co., 9th
Indian Reprint 2011

8. Bodenheimer, Jurisprudence, Universal Law Publishing Co., 7 th Indian Reprint, 2011

9. G. W. Paton, A Textbook of Jurisprudence, Oxford University Press, 2007
10. Mani Tripathi, Introduction to Jurisprudence and Legal Theory, Allahabad Law
Agency, 2011
 LAW OF TORTS
[Including Consumer Protection Act, 2019
and
Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 (as amended by 2019)]

Course Code: UL-FLL-103 Credits: 4

A) INTRODUCTION

Law of Torts is a core legal subject having its origin in the Anglo- Saxon jurisprudence and
has always been an integral part of the legal framework of all Common Law nations
worldwide. It encompasses the study of certain kinds of civil wrongs that are redressable by
unliquidated damages.

The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 is a welfare legislation enacted to protect the interests of
consumers; and for the said purpose to establish authorities for timely and effective
administration and settlement of consumers' disputes.

The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 as amended in 2019, is a statute that provides remedies to
victims of mishaps occurring in the use of motor vehicles, i.e. road accidents.

B) OBJECTIVES
The core objectives of this subject are:
1. To familiarize the students with the origin, developments, basic concepts and types of
Torts; the different dimensions of tortious liability, defences and the remedies available.
2. To throw a light upon the rights of consumers; enforcement of Consumer Protection
through CDRC ; Consumer Protection Councils; Consumer Disputes Redressal
Commission and Mediation and Consumer Protection Authority
3. To analyse key concepts under the Motor Vehicles Act (Amendment) Act, 2019;
Compensation under the Motor Vehicle Act; Nature and Extent of Insurer ;
Claims; Tribunals; Award of Compensation and Judicial Approach to Motor
Vehicular Accidents and Claims cases in India.

C) COURSE OUTCOMES
It is expected that at the end of the semester, the learners will be able to:
1. Understand the origin, evolution, and fundamental ideas of the Law of Torts; different
dimensions of tortious liability; Torts against a person, personal relationship, and
property; Nuisance, negligence and develop an understanding of the various remedies
available under the Law of Torts.
2. Have a thorough awareness of the existing Consumer Protection Act and rights of
the consumers.
3. Appreciate the working and enforcement of the Motor Vehicles Act.
 D) CURRICULUM

Units Contents Hours

1 Introduction to Law of Torts 7
1. Origin and Development of Law of Torts
2. Definitions- Nature, Scope, Object, Purpose, and Fundamental
Principles of Tortious Liability
3. General Defences in Torts

2 Dimensions of Tortious Liability 9

2.1 Actio Personalis Moritur Cum Persona

2.2 Waiver
2.3 Acquiescence
2.4 Accord and Satisfaction
2.5 Sovereign Immunity
2.6 Vicarious Liability of the state
2.7 Doctrine of Respondent Superior
2.8 Doctrine of Qui Facit Alium Facit Per Se
2.9 Doctrine of Ratification
2.10 Doctrine of
2.11 Independent Contractor and Servant
2.12 Borrowed Contractor
2.13 Principal and Agent

3 Torts against Person, Personal Relationships and Property 11

3.1 Assault, Battery, Mayhem

3.2 False Imprisonment
3.3 Defamation:
3.3.1 Libel and slander
3.3.2 Defences available in Defamation
3.4 Malicious Prosecution
3.5 Immovable property
3.5.1 Trespass
3.5.2 Trespass Ab initio
3.5.3 Dispossession
3.6 Movable Property
3.6.1 Trespass to Goods
3.6.2 Trover, Detention, Conversion
3.7 Negligent Misstatement
3.8 Passing off
3.9 Injurious- Falsehood

4 Nuisance, Negligence and Remedies under Law of Torts 13

4.1 Nuisance- Definition, Kinds and Causes

 4.2 Negligence- Doctrine of Contributory Negligence, Doctrine of Res
Ipsa Loquitur
4.3 Doctrine of Strict Liability Doctrine of Absolute
Liability
4.4 Legal Remedies- Damages, Specific Restitution, Injunction
4.5 Extra Legal Remedies Self-help, Distress Damage feasant

5 The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 10

5.1 Introduction and need for amendment

5.2 Various Definitions under the Act
5.3 Rights of consumers
5.4 Enforcement of Consumer Protection through CDRC
Dispute Redressal Commissions)
5.5 Consumer Protection Councils
5.6 Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission
5.7 Mediation and Consumer Protection Authority
5.8 Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rules, 2020

6 Motor Vehicle (Amendment) Act, 2019 10

6.1 Introduction and need for amendment

6.2 Definitions and analysis of key concepts
6.3 Compensation under the Motor Vehicle Act
6.4 Nature and Extent of Insurer
6.5 With and without Fault Liability
6.6 Claims
6.7 Tribunal
6.8 Award of Compensation
6.9 Judicial Approach to Motor Vehicular Accidents and Claims cases in
India

Self Learning Topics {Unit Wise}

Sr. No. Sub Unit Topics Links

1. 1.3 General Defenses in Torts General Defenses In Torts -

Academike (lawctopus.com)

2. 4.1 Nuisance- Definition, Kinds and Cases Nuisance under Law of Torts:
Elements, Kinds, Remedies, and
Defences - LawBhoomi
 E) RECOMMENDED READINGS/ REFERENCES

th
1. Ratanlal & Dhirajlal, The Law of Torts, LexisNexis, 28 Edition [Edition 2020-2021]
2. Durga Das Basu, The Law of Torts, 18th Edition, Prentice-Hall of India Private
Limited, 1977
3. David Howarth, Martin Matthews, Jonathan Morgan, Janet O'Sullivan, Stelios Tofaris
and Bob Hepple, Hepple and Matthews' Tort Law, Cases and Materials, BLOOMSBURY
th
Publications, 7 Edition.
4. Oughton, David and Harvey, Barbara, Law of Torts, Oxford University Press,
8th Edition, 2015.

5. Singh, Guru Prasanna, Ratanlal & Dhirajlal's Law of Torts, 26th ed. New Delhi: Wadhwa
& Co, 2013.

6. Jones, Michael A. Textbook on Torts. New Delhi: Lawman. 1995.

7. Lakshminath, A. and Sridhar M. Ramaswamy lyer's Law of Torts, 10th ed. New
Delhi: LexisNexis, 2007.

8. Weir, Tony. Introduction to Tort Law, 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.

9. Pillai, P. S. A. Law of Tort. 9th ed. Lucknow: Eastern Book Company., 2004.

10. Dugdale, Anthony, ed. Clerk & Lindsell on Torts, 19th ed. London: Sweet &
Maxwell, 2006.

11. Howarth, D. R., Hepple Howarth, and Mathews. Tort: Cases & Materials. London:
Oxford University Press, 2005.

12. Weir, Tony. Case book on Tort. 10th ed. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2004.

13. Rogers, W. V. H. Winfield & Jolowicz on Tort, 7th ed. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2006.
14. Harpwood, Vivenne. Law of Tort. London: Cavendish, 1994.
15. Giliker, Paula. Tort. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2008.
16. Rogers, W. V. H. Winfield & Jolowicz on Tort. 7th ed. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2006.
17. Brazier, Margaret. Street on Torts. 9th ed. London: Butterworths,1993.
18. Epstien, Richard. Torts. New York: Aspen Law & Business,1999.
19. Samuel, Geoffrey. Tort: Cases & Materials. 2nd ed. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2007.
20. Rogers, W. V. H. Tort. London: Sweet & Maxwell, 2002.
21. Surendra Malik and Sudeep Malik, Supreme Court on Consumer Protection (1986
to 2018), 2019 Edition, Eastern Book Company.
22. Y.P. Bhagat & Kumar Keshav, Commentary on The Consumer Protection Act,
2019, 2021 Edition, Whitesmann Publishing Co.
23. G.B. Reddy & Baglekar Akash Kumar, Consumer Protection Act, A commentary,
Edition 2021, Eastern Book Company.
24. Taxmann -As amended by the Motor
Vehicles (Amendment) Act 2019, (Enforced with Effect from 1-9-2019)
25. Sengupta, Commentaries on Motor Vehicle Act and Rules with allied laws, as
th
amended by the Motor Vehicles Act, 2019, 7 Edition, Skyline Publications.
Statutes and Regulations to be referred:

1. The Consumer Protection Act, 2019

2. The Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 2019

Case Laws under the Law of Torts:

1. Baltimore and Ohio R.R. V. Goodman, 275 U.S. 66 (1927)

2. Bethel v. New York City Transit Authority, 703 N.E.2d 1214 (1998)
3. Donoghue v. Stevenson [1932] A.C. 562, [1932] UKHL 100, 1932 S.C. (H.L.) 31,
1932 S.L.T. 317, [1932] W.N. 139.
4. Caparo Industries Plc v Dickman [1990] UKHL 2
5. McDonald's Coffee Case- Stella Liebeck v. McDonald's Restaurants, P.T.S., Inc. and
McDonald's International, Inc., 1994 Extra LEXIS 23 (Bernalillo County, N.M. Dist.
Ct. 1994), 1995 WL 360309 (Bernalillo County, N.M. Dist. Ct. 1994),
6. Martin v. Herzog - 228 N.Y. 164, 126 N.E. 814 (1920)
7. Palsgraf v. Long Island R. Co. - 248 N.Y. 339
8. Pokora v. Wabash Railway Co. - 292 U.S. 98, 54 S. Ct. 580 (1934)
9. Rylands v Fletcher (1868) LR 3 HL 330
10. Tarasoff v. Regents of Univ. of Cal. - 13 Cal. 3d 177, 118 Cal. Rptr. 129, 529
P.2d 553 (Cal. 1974)
11. Trimarco v. Klein - 56 N.Y.2d 98, 451 N.Y.S.2d 52, 436 N.E.2d 502 (1982)
12. United States v. Carroll Towing Co. - 159 F.2d 169
13. Vaughan v. Menlove, 3 Bing. (N.C.) 467, 132 Eng. Rep. 490 (Court of Common
Pleas 1837)
14. Kasturilal Ralia Ram Jain V. The State of Uttar Pradesh 1965 AIR 1039; 1965 SCR
(1) 375
15. Owen Diaz v. Tesla, Inc., 3:17-cv-06748-WHO (N.D. Cal. Oct. 6, 2021)
16. M. C. Mehta v. Union of India, AIR 1987 SC 1086
17. M. P. Electricity Board v. Shail Kumar, AIR 2002 SC 551
18. Hughes v. Lord Advocate, [1963] AC 837
19. Smith v. Leech Brain & Co. Ltd [1962] 2 QB 405
20. Hambrook V. Stokes Bros. [1925] 1 KB 141: 1924 ALL ER REP 110

21. McLoughlin v. O L)
22. Page v. Smith [1995] 2 WLR 644; [1995] UKHL 7; (1995) 2 ALL ER 736
23. Dulieu v. White & Sons (1901) 2 KB 669
24. King v. Phillips (1953) 1 Q.B. 429
25. Municipal Corporation of Delhi v. Subhagwanti, AIR 1966 SC 1750
26. Haynes v Harwood [1936] 1 KB 146
27. Manindra Nath Mukherjee v. Mathuradas Chatturbhuj, AIR 1946 CAL. 175
28. Hall v Brooklands Auto-Racing Club [1933] 1 KB 205
29. T.C. Balakrishnan v. T.R. Subramanian, AIR 1968 Ker. 151
 30. White v. John Warrick & Co. Ltd, (1953) 2 All ER 1021
31. Town Area Committee v. Prabhu Dayal, AIR 1975 All. 132
32. Rajkot Municipal Corporation v. Manjulben Jayantilal Nakum & Ors. 1997 (9) SCC
552

Case Laws under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019:

1. Jagnarayan Lal v. Dr. Smt. Girija Tiwari [2021 (9) TMI 1158- SCC]
2. M/s Sylvanus Properties Ltd. V. paresh Pratap Rai Mehta [2021 (9) TMI 1147- Delhi
High Court
3. Yogesh Aggarwal v. M/s. Aneja Consultancy (a part of Aneja Group) & Ors. [2021
(9) TMI 1157- SCC]
4. Ireo Grace Realtech Pvt. Ltd. V. Abhishek Khanna and Ors. [2021 (9) TMI
1154-SCC]
5. Neena Aneja and Ors. V. Jai Prakash Associates Ltd. [2021 (9) TMI 1155- SCC]

Case Laws under the Motor Vehicles 1988, as amended by 2019:

1. The Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd v. Hansrajbhai V. Kodala & Ors. [2001] Insc 192
(4 April 2001)

2. National Insurance Co. Ltd. V. Sinitha & Ors. [2011] INSC 1148 (23
November, 2011)

3. New India Assurance Co. Ltd. v. Rula & Ors. Civil Appeal No. 1985-1987 Of 2000
(Special Leave Petition (Civil) No. 3396-3398 Of 1999) (07-03-2000)

4. New India Assurance Co.Ltd v. Rula 9. National Insurance Co. Ltd. Vs. Swaran
Singh & Ors [2004] Insc 12 (5 January 2004)

5. Shamanna and Another Vs. The Divisional Manager, Oriental Insurance Company
Ltd. and Ors. [Civil Appeal No. 8144 of 2018 arising out of SLP (C) No.26955 of
2017]
6. National Insurance Co. Ltd v. Laxmi Narain Dhut Appeal (civil) 1140 of 2007
 GENERAL ENGLISH

A) Introduction

Words are the essential tools of the law. In the study of law, language has a great role to play.
English not only enables students to formulate and develop their communicative
competencies in English but also contributes to the formation and development of general
competencies to live and work more effectively. It provides an important international
communication tool promoting a sense of global citizenship.

B) Objectives

1)To enable students to formulate and develop their communicative competencies through
practicing listening, speaking, reading and writing.
2)To equip the students with a mature command of the English language through learner-
centred and law-oriented English language.

C) Course Outcome

1) The learner will be able to develop skills in listening, speaking, reading and writing English.
2) The learner with the help of basic rules of grammar will be able to strengthen his/her legal
language.
3) The learner will be able to analyze statues and judgements and formulate logical and
persuasive arguments.
4)The students will be able to comprehend basic concepts of functional English, to integrate
and utilize them in legal scenario.

D) Curriculum

Unit Content No. of Hours

1. Grammar and Usage (Communication with special 3
focus on Law)

1.1 Part of Speech -Preposition, Conjunction, Punctuation

1.2 Collocation and Articles
1.3 Sentences - Simple, Compound and Complex
1.4 Active and Passive Voice
1.5 One word Substitutes

2. Vocabulary 3

2.1 Legal/Latin/Foreign words and maxims

2.3 Verb Concord and Tense agreement
2.4 Usage of Dictionary for Words
 2.5 Prefix, Suffix and Morpheme

3. Comprehension Skills 9

3.1 Reading Comprehension Principles and Practice

3.2 Listening Comprehension
3.3 Formal Correspondence
3.4 Speech Writing and delivery

4. Writing Skills 9

4.1 Paragraph Writing

4.2 Precis Writing
4.3 Informal and Formal Letter Writing
4.4 E-Mail Writing

5. Law and Literature 18

5.1 The Merchant of Venice (focus on Act IV)- William

Shakespeare
5.2 On Liberty-John Stuart Mill
5.3 Due Process of Law( Part 1-5)-Lord Denning
5.4 Bleak House-Charles Dickens
5.5 White Tiger- Arvind Adiga
5.6 Letters to a Law student- Nicholas McBride
5.7 To kill a Mocking Bird- Harper Lee

6. Prose-Work and Poetry 18

6.1 Animal Farm- George Orwell

6.2 Trials of Gandhi- Mahatma Gandhi
6.3 Law like Love-W.H. Auden
6.4 Justice (Act II)-John Galsworthy
6.5 Of Judicature- Francis Bacon
6.6 Apology-Plato
6.7 Counsellor at Law-Elmer Rice

SELF LEARNING TOPICS {UNIT WISE}

Sr. No. Sub Unit Topic

1. Watching 12 Angry Men Movie and having Discussion
2. Listening to Ted X speaker
Write Report on any current Issue for eg.- Pandemic
 RECOMMENDED READINGS/ REFERENCES

1) International Oxford English

2) Black
3) Law lexicom
4) English Grammar, Composition and Usage: Macmillan
5) Strengthen your writing: V. R. Narayana Swamy
6) Written Communication in English: Sarah Freeman
7) English Pronouncing Dictionary: Daniel Jones
8) English for Law: Yadugiri and Geetha Bhaskar
9) Legal Language and General English: Dr. S. C. Tripathi
10) High School English Grammar and Composition: Wren and Martin
11) Oxford Advanced Learner A S Hornby
12) Introduction to Shakespeare: Edward Dowden
13) Critical Interpretation of Merchant of Venice: Harold Bloom
14) Marginalised voice in The Merchant of Venice: Susan Oldrieve
15) Auden,W.H. Law like Love(https://www.poemhunter.com/law-like-love)
16) Tagore, Rabindrtanath (XXXV) from Gitanjali, Rupa 2002
17) Takahav, N.S. Bacon Essays, Mumbai: Karnatak Publishing House
18) J.S. Singh & Nishi Behl, Legal Language, Writing and General English,
Allahabad Law Agency, 2009
19) Asprey, Michele M. Plain Language for Lawyers. New Delhi: Universal Law Publishing
Co., 2011. (Module 1-2 (a)- Ch.-2,3,13).
20) Anirudh, Prasad. Outlines of Legal language in India. Allahabad: Central
Law Publications, 2009.
21) Bowell, Tracey and Gary Kemp. Critical Thinking A Concise Guide. New York:
Routledge, 2005.
22) Garner, Bryan A. ed. Black . 9th Edition.
23) Law and Literature: Dr. Shakuntala Bharwani
24) Kalam, A P J Abdul. est of APJ Abdul Kalam - The
Righteous Life. New Delhi: Rupa Publications, 2014.
25) Ledwon, Lenora. Law and Literature: Text and Theory. London: Garland
Publishing, 1996.
26) Oltman, Gretchen, et al. Law Meets Literature A Novel Approach for the English Class
room. London: Rowman and Littlefield, 2016.
27) Shakespeare, William. The Merchant of Venice. Ed. John Fletcher. OUP, 1998.
28) Wishingrad, Jay. Legal Fictions: Short Stories about Lawyers and Law. New York:
Overlook Press, 1992.
29) Gandhi, M K. of the Bar. . Ed. S B
Kher. Ahmedabad: Navjivan Trust, 2004.
30) Stephens P. Robbins, Organizational Behaviour, Pearson Education India, 2013
(15th Edn)
31) John Galsworthy, Justice, F.Q. Books, 2010
32) J.S. Singh & Nishi Behl, Legal Language, Writing and General English, Allahabad
Law Agency, 2009
 ECONOMICS I (PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS)

A) Introduction

Economics is the social science of studying the production, distribution and consumption of
goods and services and it is a complex social science that spans from mathematics to psychology.
The subject is to understand different types of economic systems, behaviour of consumers and
firms, determination of output and prices of products and factors in different market conditions,
working of the economies, national income, economic growth, economic welfare, employment,
monetary policies and monetary problems. The knowledge of the principles of Economics helps
in understanding and solving the problem of unemployment, inflation, economic instability and
economic growth.

B) Objective

1. To understand the fundamental concepts, terms and terminologies used in

microeconomic analysis.
2. To state analytical tools of economics-demand, supply and equilibrium, along with
different types and degrees of elasticity and their measurements.
3. To study the traditional economic theories pertaining to Production, Costs and Revenue.
4. To categorise the different kinds of markets and how price and output is determined
in different market models.
5. The objective of the subject is to involve the learners in project work to link theory
with actual experience.

C) Course Outcome

1. Define and describe the fundamental principles and concept of Economics.

2. Apply the analytical tools of Economics used in legal analysis.
3. To evaluate the importance of economic analysis in policy making and advisory functions.

D) Curriculum
Unit Content No. of
Hours
1 Introduction to Economics & Micro-economics 10
1.1 Introduction to Economics: Principles of Economics
1.2 Problem of Scarcity
1.3 Introduction to Microeconomics
1.4 Choice, Opportunity Costs, and Specialization
Tools for Economic Analysis - Functional relationships like
Schedules; Graph; Equations; Slope
1.5 Demand: Law of demand, demand schedule, demand curve,
individual demand, market demand, factors affecting demand
1.6 Supply: Law of supply, supply schedule, supply curve, individual
supply, market supply, factors affecting supply
2 Demand Analysis 14
2.1 Utility Meaning, Concept & Assumptions - Cardinal Utility
2.2 Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility - Ordinal Utility
Case study on consumer Protection laws
2.3 Indifference curve - Concept and Properties, Consumer
Equilibrium - Law of Demand
2.4 Concept & characteristics - Elasticity of Demand
a) Price Elasticity - Definition, Types, Determinants, Importance
b) Income Elasticity - Types & Importance
c) Cross Elasticity- Concept & Importance
Market Equilibrium and impact of Government intervention through
Floor Price and Price Ceiling (Discuss Farm laws and economic
impact on the farmers) Impact and Incidence of taxes on market
equilibrium. Paradox of Plenty

3 Statistics 15
3.1. Data Representation and Interpretation: Raw data, grouped data,
ungrouped data
3.2 Calculation of mean, median and mode
3.3 Merits and Demerits of the three measures of central tendency
3.4 Appropriate choices and usage of mean, median and mode
4 Theory of Production 10
4.1 Production Function-short run vs long run production function
Total Price, Average Price, Marginal Price and their
interrelationships
4.2 Law of variable proportions - Law of Returns to scale
Theory of Revenue & Cost
4.1 Theory of Revenue: Concept of Total, Average and Marginal
Revenue
4.2 Nature of Revenue curves in Various Markets
 4.3 Relationship between Average and Marginal Revenue Curves in
different market situations (Monopoly, Oligopoly, etc.)
4.4 Theory of Cost: Short-run total, Average and Marginal Cost
Curves, shape of Short-Run Cost Curves with their relationships
4.5 Long-run average and marginal Cost Curves, Derivations and
their Shapes and utilities

5 Introduction to Market Structure 11

3.1 Meaning & Classification - Perfect Competition: Concept
3.2 Characteristics, price determination in short run and long run,
equilibrium of the firm and industry - Monopoly- Concept
3.3 Characteristics and short and long run Equilibrium. Price
discrimination - Monopolistic Competition
3.4 Concept, Characteristics, short & long run Equilibrium, Selling
cost- concept - Oligopoly Concept, Characteristics. Duopoly
Concept, Characteristics
Factor Pricing
6.1 Marginal Productivity theory of Distribution
6.2 Theories of Rent (Ricardian, Modern & Quasi Rent) - Meaning
of Wages: Money and Real Wages - Modern theory of wage
6.3 Minimum Wages and Collective Bargaining - Case Studies on
the concept of Rent & Wages

Self- Learning Topics (Unit Wise)

Sr. No Sub Unit Topic Links

1 1.1 Introduction to Economics:
Principles of Economics
2 1.3 Introduction to Microeconomics
Introduction to Economics: Basic Concepts &
Principles - MBA Crystal Ball
Introduction to Microeconomics - Reference Notes
for Short Questions | Economics - Management
Notes
 RECOMMENDED READINGS/ REFERENCES

1. Petersen, Craig H., W. Chris Lewis and Sudhir K. Jain: Managerial Economics, Pearson
Education, Delhi.

2. Keat, Paul G. and Philip K.Y. Young: Managerial Economics, Economic tools for Today
Decision Makers, Pearson Education, Delhi.

3. McEachern. (2017). Economics a Contemporary Introduction (11th Edition), Cengage

Learning

4. Misra, S.K. and V.K. Puri, Indian Economy Its Development Experience, Himalaya
Publishing House, Mumbai.

5. Dwivedi, D.N.: Microeconomics. Theory and Applications, Pearson, Delhi.

6. Pindyck, Robert S., Daniel L. Rubinfield and Prem L. Mehta: Microeconomics, Pearson,
Delhi.

7. Raj Kumar, Prof. Kuldeep Gupta, Business Economics, UDH Publishing and Distributors
P(Ltd.), New Delhi.

8. G.Mankar, Business Economics, Himalaya Publishing House.

9. Ahuja H. L. (2016). Macroeconomics Theory and Policy, Chand and Co. Ltd. New Delhi.

10.Mankiw, Principles of Economics, Pearson

th
11.Sameulson and Nordhaus, 19 Edition, McGraw Hill
12.Pindyck, Robert S., Daniel L. Rubinfield and Prem L. Mehta: Microeconomics, Pearson
 POLITICAL SCIENCE I

(INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL SCIENCE).

Course Code: UL-FBA 102 Credit: 4

A) INTRODUCTION
Political science is a social study concerning the allocation and transfer of power in decision
making, the roles and systems of governance including governments and international
organizations, political behaviour and public policies.

B) OBJECTIVES
1) To understand the concept of state, nation and civil society.
2) To understand the elements and factors of state and nation.
3) To know about the meaning of sovereignty, types and characteristics.

C) COURSE OUTCOME
By the end of the course the Learner should be able to:
1) Understand the main concepts and debates in classical and contemporary political theory.
2) Explain the relationship between political science and other disciplines.
3) Apply philosophical concepts in order to understand and critically assess real-world
political phenomena.
4. Analyze the meaning of organs of government and theory of separation of power.
 D) CURRICULUM

Units Contents Hours

1 Introduction 10

1.1 . Meaning, Nature & Scope of Political Science

1.2 . Relation of Political Science with Sociology, History,
Economics Ethics and Law.

2 State and civil Society 10

2.1. Definition meaning of State

2.2 Civil Society and Nation State ( concept)
2.3 Elements and functions of State
2.4. Theories of evolution of State.

3 Democracy and Constitutionalism 10

3.1. Meaning, Definition,

3.2 Evolution and characteristics of Democracy
3.3 Theories of Democracy
3.4. Constitutionalism in Democracy
3.5. Democratic Citizenship ( rights liberties obligation)
3.6. Comparison with other countries

4 Justice 15
4.1 Concept of justice meaning scope
4.2 Types of Justice Distributive and Procedural Substantive
4.3 Aspects of Justice Legal Political
4.4 Jurisprudence and Justice ( differences and similarities)
4.5 Rule of Law
5 Government Structures and Functions 15

5.1. Theory of Separation of powers

5.2. Legislature: Rule making function
5.3. Judiciary: Rule adjudication function
5.4. Executive: Functions and policies
5.5. Administrative Law
5.6. Judicial Review
 Self-Learning Topics {Unit- Wise}
Sr. No Sub Topics
Unit
1 2.2 Distinction Between Society, Nation, State, and
Government - Kailasha Online Learning LLP
Civil Society and Nation State (concept) (kailashafoundation.org)
2 4.4 Jurisprudence and Justice ( differences Difference Between Law and Justice | Difference
and similarities) Between

RECOMMENDED READINGS/ REFERENCES

1) Sabine George Holland & Thomas L Thorson, Political theory, Paperback, 2019.

2) J.W. Garner, Political Science and Government, The World Press Private LTD, Calcutta.

3) M P Jain, Political Theory: Liberal and Marxian, Authors Guild, 1985.

4) Held David, Models of Democracy, Stanford University Press, 2006.