UNIT-05

HYPOTHESIS TESTING

ohulonon: nfinitu gAup o Jndiwmoduals und

sthdy scalludhehulatie
samlez o t u l t Awmdiunduals prm
thololaten called ambluamd
musmlen JnduHduals Jm a amhlLo sw
called sakahls une
uuosia:olared i stimatimg hu paulatian
chanactnae laard uhon vamble chanadiusi

|Komdlom damhle : St ss ene im ushuch och-

dmt A hohulation has
LAaLchorces
A lmg wmclidiob Ou elad n

Lonamtii stattica constat s tho hshu

Imam,OImc, dc

tatiutic:tataticalcoastaib o vamhle
EL&tatiatic)=Lanammeli
Lotl umlwu o llsamahle o igp n
o thu hehuiaten s ige N
 iasSMAte
Dcte
Poge

a) N N!Cro N d NONE
(N-n) (N-n)n n

LOch sAmaple mtt cnstitths he vaomhl

diTilnutin l statiatic"
Att1,t2, ta t K Je thu womnle distilntn
tatiatios dit t e thu ramdem uaalle
hictake the ale alse
t+t2t te 1
K K n1

1
vott L1

Ort)
2 t-E(t) NO,1
van Lt)
Cb) P(1 Nto, 1) NONE

at igmupicor _Lmalte us te decole en

That huthe the duiatien euseem tho

o ned stotiatic amo th huhsthitical
ammelin hedrwoie elueem u e
Aondepimdint tatistio i s sigmificont
ar

Lnil dute he uudinaiiom auammple

thesisi b i a datiumt_made alaut th

anamlau o eulaton ou d e n
Jctiusm h a l uo dzvied statistit and
bhstheicol haxaoniti
 N l l dyhothasis: 4b i a byhsthias Ahuch
Tistid tho hob y e t
md the asumtion that it he ue.
demstidu Ho

2Atinmati tyhsthisuwi d hyhsthesw utichi

ull Ahothosis E io dnotid lp H
Ho:J=Mo
Lwo-taitad alturmatime auhotheusl
Ho uz60
H1:_ 60
altummatine
neailed hoths} Lejt oR Right

Two-Tailed
8-Mach- 2021
Lett-Tailed Right-Taited
3 hich o hollourmg cammob Je
maAasrid cdatl caleulatid t
C&ammhle ktamdand
Vd Pohulatien Meam
lenate
sae vamyle nz30 dange amhle
Z-te
amhle sOmhle nK30 Small
bomhla
T-esb, F-Jut
h Somhling
maum DyicA
th Lamnltheo J te d
ugtiomation alut hehulatuen han
 clAsSMAte
Date
Page

m thlsatso vamhl uusult. m ractice we

maydicudu to acceht ou uject lat' momythngs
o thu lradid os damle ist. Ko,_wea
alt te onaks mmustakes emmmt
huchaegue lelour

TYPE I ERROR Jhuw tyhu s uLpansses i ut

HLLct thu muLl hyhoathests shim

TYPE- TI ERROR: dcczing thu aullhyhathisi utin.

it salse
JyhI wor = PCucbing thuHa|Ho
yh I HHB_Plaskht th Ho[H12

elaumg th_hnolla a t we ilb puo a t tho

thim n To mmumise
ao 01 O-05 amd

Knel icamce PuheT o

 utica Keniomi
thu nnobalrliy
cume Ahiuh
Requon uduu
mull hpethuus
t h ujecuorn
cutica Accehttd\ utica
Rag
Ragkor

1 Ho ss Hyectid wh H, s u
2H. tzeettdh acchtid whsmHo is
H. is clid wbum Ha Js talse
4His atchtid uhem H, Js ol
dtatu a PLHlHe)
Ho ReTECTED AcCEPTED
TRUE
PCHH
No U U
FALSE TI

5TRUE -REJECTED IS: PCHH)

a hI_(6 e T No arno NONE
w o
Jest:P(H1 H)
Volnllty sf yacung thu
Jwhun it i faae.. mullhyhsthiss
3P(HHo) + P(HS H)=1
1-PHsHa) PCHGH.) +P(HJH
1-B
LPHHa)- PH:H1)1
B:0
1 _owe
dlence tRat_s zeo
hallou t h value s
P ualiu
 alAssMAte
Date
Page.
12-Mah-2021

Z-dust
S a large sample, wt t Js amy atatistics,thim
i t ollLew amoramal disbilltim, Jh
Leshomdimg eulatien panamiliuuw
mLam= EE) dnd andand dmation = SE (t
Go lange somblesi Z=t-EC2,
SEL)
calldthe iat-alatistic (Z-tatistid

laaeIdomhleoneam
SE= * =
lT) and pehulatiim samlu)
tatikticz = C -

Sas MamoL Ju amhlrs oC amd C

n1 n2

AoaI 3amhle stamdarddwiatim (G) amd aohuulien

tamdard dexiatien t)
z= S - E
2n
daahle tamdand dematiend S1,S2
Z= S1-S2
2n1 2n2

aomhla hohtieb amdhehuulaten preheienP

*=P Lo= 1-P z=-P
N

MoAVI u e samhle hnohoutensp1,p2

n2
6 a large Lot ofleduo oulls,hemean
i amd tamdad diimatian th u
a e 3 o haww amdl D hon Xeshrdela. 4
aahle 6 2 5 Jbults is choent is
h a t mmeam amd
wme
lpe stamdand dwnaton
the lls m the damnhle a 355 WU nd
90hours eshoctrelySam use sorcluee that
thsaahle us draumm ena h fapul
stat 5) leel augnilriance.
LA5)Level1zl =1!q c

ene ulll tyhothais Hai hu samplo ss

diau ae hehulatem uth maoam-
3 6 D ouns AmdLg'D:T =90 Asu.
dlhinatu typothesis Hi: ut 36Dsuns
10e lball a e the
Jwe -tailed ttest
355, uE 360 hz 6 25, = 90
Z _C-

z = (355-36.02 =
-1389.
J625
1 z ) <2:5
5 |Z|<
. 1.96
na, 1Z] =
1:389<1.96 at 5y lenel a
dO, w siqi
lgies

orehtthu
hyhkstheais mull
fhat h
samhiio dLaunnom ho hohslatin.
ue Jalid Jaled
57. 1zl<1:96 Sy 1zl<1G45
1 => lz|<2:
58 1
1z<2:33.
 alAsSMAte
Date
Page

l e amd tamelard dmalnen e he ull oxe

QuO ulls amd 90 hounA MLaudiilp.Asamh s

e amd ulamdanddematiom th Jublls im

samahle ane 25O heus amd 0 howw e i e
e aluee Z-datiaticail e
a2.222 (b 1111 () 3 33 3 2.112
Z=P-ME 24O+=9o = 250 n=4OO
. ( 25O -24o = 10X420
2.22.2

8 h e aesamd meamá u e mdu ndi

onde uamhlea an oo, 225; 3.5 amd3:O
Heapratiuelp- Lom use ceaclauduthat the samble
duasia a t h o amepspulaten uth
ndand dunatia 1:5 Ldt1z' lhnel 1zl= 2:581
e m MullJduhatheaiw Ho 1LLacas le
diau uea daamehepulati. dtrnate
dHaum
heua H1:ALt ua ws-Taild
ni HO0 ; na= 226 1 3 : 5 ; 2 30;Ta1:5
n1
Z = 8:5-3.D) = 4-0
1 51 1
4 0 0
225

mce 1Zl=4Z2:58at 1 wels digaanpcanc.

e reJec themull hathtaid t a t the
 iudinis im a c l a s s
Aa 100, T
Ghmummlu a

nth tamdarddewiteni 1 0Jhilu

ils s 70
aNANAge maanks veoed Lry 36
uit damsand deuattian a 8 Jestt1
Jesel s uqmcamce hethe th nls
hmnmnd tt thamLroys
2 Ll1z=2:331.
enu ull shsthess Ho: U2
hät tho lnyimd qrls puuonedLquall
ALtinnát dhethuss Hi1 uZua thatquls
mand e l l . Kle dhallwsL it-talod
n = 36,C =10;T1 8 n2= GL
DC2 66 ; t = 10
z C1-OC2 *
Z=(I0- 6 = 2:189
G4
nu zl= 2:189<2:33 at 1.
evels
gmucamce. O,use accehtt thu mulA
atssamd qrls hukamed. 2auallyhihoth
We sammst
domeludthat thu qlsar
10h mamhigh o 80 eys, whe d
tha alhkAD hailucspa
167t t h SD:e c
Lemhetitie w a
callege
e naeamhug
 JAssmate
Date
Page

thu emaimumg 160 s y uhe dd mot

D
hanticin a a 163 cooa nt S:D 10 comda
alue Ztatistic wiR le
(a 361 p.621 :126 d 2:335
ni80;T= 167,TG; na 160; a -163;T10
- *

n
167-163
*+102- NO:1125+06625 0-41
80 16O
4
81 100 1:0125+0:G25 1:279
N 80 160
= 3:1258
13-Manch-2021
n<30 nall samahle
LT-Jst -Jeat
Atiucsatis) o y c a u s ? (Snedeca.s

KAt_JA meam atho sasmhl Sus thu tandad

deanatiem o samhle
amnloAao tho mian

tetulasthin.
t -
S/Nn-1
h-1=dsgue ok neede

Jsti damnhles

theau amhlis
duré
1,S2 S D
=(h2S
n5 n21
 Page

41 id sthe follourimg ista mad u lanae

amhls:at-at (SE-rat lez-hat

12 AmualL 1aimkall a t a LAnlcum l a c e s

dudiuluids vmomallp t h mntam 45cmvPh
1aakall duung last e year ane Htm
42cim40com44c amd 43m Lammue
Cenelda hat the aNenage Aamal duwa
last M Aeara id dess tham a moma
aimall
u st5 Lenl gicamce [dt.52luel l= 2:132
Aimu Nul byhdhusts Ha: C=
hi s ma
vgpncontdinimcein
Aiinati iypsthisss H eankall.
Zc T< u [Ahe-t&ilod
4-+42T40+4L+43
5
= 43.4
JE 45 jh
5 ;S
2-)>S=2:¢53
S
48)+42)4O)+44)u3- (43.4) =1:0
9/An-1 43.4-45
dinne,El= (2.6532)/J5-1
1. 2.06 <2:
132 at 57.
1.206

eedew: leAe
,wd accrft thu n-1=5-1 Amd a
4 amnd 57*6|
Jhab heu o me nul 5*
huhathsiw.
ignikiëamg dil nce
 clASSMAÉe

Jh hughi a 8 malu hantichatina

chamiinahih aru taumd te be 115 tm168cm
.170 Lmm, 161cao 160m,113 c,168 im

thhehulsie is Healinha 16 5 cmet

6 e l s vigucan Lat 5 ueItl= 1:8951

Ackni Nli Auhethsne Hai =.

Jhát thee us me dLgmicant demc
the huahts

T: 5+168 +1G5+1110+167+160t173716S
168:25
s Zc- (T= 2266I6 -1G8.25 18.9375

S 4:3517:_uz 165na 6
= (168-25-43165) 1:976
S/Nn-1 3517/N8-1
kine, tl= 1.9161:895 at 5 lul ugrikco
1e uect mull hethems and accaht thu
altiimati hahsis. hat the aexage as
ahu tha 165 cm
40hle a 11 valucso a nawmai
amdan.
lauen ha amLan sl 105 c m a n d I h
as
Auane denátLms Lem h
nian
n

1225sAr
T
th assumten
moimal hehuilatienv
amaam 110km
scasenalle Pe s t

a5 annel 2i hicamce.Ldt 5 lowel ltl= 2.12

 iassMAte.
Date
Page

elime ull hetheal Ho=uE 110 m

1 1 0 . c m s alid
ha 0msa hejulate is
ddhctKeas' Hdiu110 cml3Jue-taild
dltimatv
S So- = 1 2 2 5 = a,4887
17

8:4881;L 110 n= 1 3 = 105

=
t bo-A 105-110) = -2.3561
SJn-1 8-4981/N11-1
dimceltl= 2-3561 2 2:12at 5/ Leuel s kigmdie.
e, 1e yeci mull hyhsthesis amdaccet
altnmat hhsthrass duu, mtam e th
oulation iaaot 110cm

15 1hcb o hu tollesing tist is uaed son dierant

10uamco liueem e ohulatem
atJt (E-Jut z-Jest
16 amdem samhlea siges amd6 gane h
olleunng alussa ha anualu.Jest thedi
th o thestiatis o th hetulatom taa mcs

at5 uiel s sugnicamc.[at 5:leel.1l= 4:82J-

Som15 22 2 26 18 1729 |21 24
SarHl e 12 a1C 15 | 10
n= 9;c = 200= 22.222.2

6
11:6667
2(c-T) (15-22 2222) +22-22:2222 2

n1 ( 24-22.222
9
21 1294
 dassMAte
Date
Page-

s 2(y-q) -(8-11:6G61)(12-11-G66)+
n2 20-11: 6667)
6
88881

n-1/ X24-1294 24-4456

2
T n S2
n2-1/ 6xa-688110
5 6657
Aul hyhethri Ho : T-T 2

ALtinmat hyhethus H1: T*

2
24:44E56
10 6657
mceE =2:29<4 82 at 5
lel el wigpniicamce
ds, use accept tho mul hyhsthass
ncethere is me wignikicddt diptenumce detixen
heulation auemies
Marck:2021
Chi-Souane stilritam (kai)
h e Chi-
squanwdistiultimhs densid ly
X-ditlrtioms. ale kmour thati a Rv
A Nu,2), thum t h tamdardnc
monoal nuah
Z Z _z =[x - NO, 1)

he Auane e he tamdlaie memal vauat Z

22
'z2 x -

AsCAalled chv-sqane 0 u a l wth 1dugu

edemw 2

(X-ui n dege
ede
 X Rst oqeodmsso
Oi =Olsëned aLemcuo
Ei = hactid uapuencus
i 1 1

(O-E
1
E

A-tist fa as Non-
hanamibu et
x Oi-Ei)2]
L1 L Ei

denemda
thu dsgieeA smlAidom.thu Oi Amd Ei amd
i
adnhasmdhat e thu hoplaben
hanari
cendtioi fa ahhlicatien
(

1 Di 7 2i=1 E ep X-tiat
(D2i-1 Oi K 2i-1Ei
Ei1 1 OL Si1 Eu
18hedimamd oa
actiny um umd haitucularn
i wha harnt in
vany en
DAYS doy to da
ted-
DEMAND
MDNTUEWEDTH FRISAT
ON DAY 1124
dc tho
1125 THU FRI
11101120 1126 SAT
htheais 1115
1126|1115
d met dlepimd thab mumleru sS
LA 11:01,K= hner h day
Level-4 ugicance.12 59, a=dayouseck
demao mumleusdema
1 at
at 5y
5
 CiASSALA

Ha mamd deset dheord hon day ck

H1 demmamddehinds uuhe day at uduk.

ucchastid nalus deeansmd stach dayi
Oi 1124+ 1125+ 1110+1120+1126+ 1115 = 672Q = 1120

DAYS O E O-E(Oi-E) Oi EE
M.ON1124 1120 16 O: 014
O 022
TUE 1125 1120 5 25
WED 1110 1120 -10 100 0-089
THU 1120
1120 O O

ER1126 1120 6 36 - 03 2
SAT 1115 1120 -5 25 O 022
720 6720 O 179
Oi- Oi-1
-E O.179
Ei
2
O 119 < 11:07.so,ueatcehtNulL Hybothesis
weake...
hat demand docs mst dhend uhe doy
hat dleince dn thu value o dimama
mn-dugnikcani

19. amhle amalIw A M-T: E ult s 2008:Te.ch

CSE:atiudemE unsmade tusos foumd thatt
46sndutu had doiledu, 68atiudsnta secunelthe.
thud dwnsien amd 62 diLoenta secunadd secend
dinaie
diansin asadnest wereplaced im r a t dinnsicn
iLL these iqunes Aememaunatu i t h th

1atie 4 3 : 2 1 o a L e w caligoius
es el
 Ho Samahl HAults Commmamsuualo uth umue
HLALlt.
H1 Uhanu i s a ugnitcamb d Mc m Hesult
CATEGORRY Oi Ei Oi-Ei)(Oi-E:*O-E
FAIL 46 x 20080-36 1156 14:450
1I DIVISlDN 68 20 60 8 G 1:001
II DIVIS|ON 6y x0s 40 22
I DIVISION 24H 1200 20 12-100
200
1 6 O80D
200 28 417
iE) E 28:417
A2 )
EL
28:417>1:815

ko, u eectho ull byhsthauis

amahle d a s mot
cemmlasrale wdthu the.
Marchr 2021 LEAVE
Manch-2021
iat w used fo
trsting
eultion vauamces.
the
sapialcty e
T i thw Test-
xtatiatie witdege
d o Ch1-1, na-1)
1 c;-)and 1
-1
n-1
callLedu tho
VasLece mbnaaedutimatis a hebulae
dls e khDur hab the
sanhle vouwmces
 aASSMAte
Date
Page

n1 2

ea, amd D ue hare

(n-1)T2=n S 9 = ni Sx
n-1

(na-1D TA= baSy Ty*= h2

na 1 Sy
20 sAmhle a 8 elsuwDtonw, tho um s
ioDA auinatiomsothethe samble aluis

dAmhle e 1 0 olsAHALaiems t uas 102 6. Jeat

uhcthen the dllirumc vauemc
eance

n 2(c; - T = 84.4 na= 10;`y-*=102:6

T1
1
cz -
1
E) = 84.
7
12-O5 7

1
102: 6= 11: H
i-1
F= a 12 Q57 = 1:057 <3.29
14
F(7, )=3-29
O-o5

l e accet H that thew is e uiqrm c a r t

rUNceJsetiseer hehulaue auence
du
21 hl hanegmem t h e data o
we samls
Meam um gau odeAtalian
Somhl 15 Soci - =
g6
96
2 na 12 14 ly-qa 108
 Date
Page-

leen dtall .
dammhle has
Jeat huthwu tth at 57: e
hohulato
h same na
icamce

emdtvunb
H ammhls aw drtau
olallen
wheu S= 1
h+n22L
Slx-)+22-
N

10+12-2 20

15-14
9-91+
L1012
.9XGt5 .9x11
6
t:815
t 0742 < 2 O86 he accetH.
S*= 1 c-z)= = 90 = 10
n1-1

n2-1
108 9:82.
11
F=Sx =1 0 e
1-018 <2.9o
Eo-o59,11) 2:90 1e accet Ha.
ce aml has e e taken
e v ame

0mhle dage As LLas Uham

Test dilluuce elutm thu
0uLqnmal te 30
hohulatuoru
t T-
mea
lat-iat Z-trat C) F t s t
iswnlasio
Lxtiatie
 S = sam
anuemce
eulatien S/ Jn-
E 1 (e-)2 S ( c -e )
ni-1 =1

n s NT/n :1x 52 s
n-1 Nn-1
SNn-1
23 n s 3 0Amd u e u a t to thot Hha d mc
mam fhe tE
with ilRe nt sizen
-
h1tn2
(\h1
11
Alegee s oemai n1tna-2-

24 4
24 ns 30 emd ue a t e Tist ha i mci
it same ae

di = Ci-4i d w h a r d= 1 di
S/Nn
2
s di-) egee ot feedeain-1
n-1 i-1