University of Botswana Faculty of Engineering & Technology Depariment of Mechanical Engineering (Energy Section) _Subraission date; May 04, 2022 ‘Thermodynamics I (MMB 323) ASSIGNMENT. MM-80 Note- Attempt all five questions, Use of calculator, mollier diagram, and Steam-table is allowed. Explain the answer/solution in your own words. Similarity/Copy-paste (plagiarism) is strictly prohibited & penalty will be imposed in such a case. Q.[1] Describe the construction, working, and advantages of a Babcock and Wileox water tube boiler with the help of a neat diagram. [20 marks] Q.22] At Morupule Power station two boilers are in operation one with a superheater and the other without a superheater. Boilers are delivering equal quantities of steam into a common main. ‘The pressure in the boilers and main is 20 bar. eater? The temperature of steam from a boiler with a superheater is 350°C and the temperature of the steam in the main is 250°C. Determine the quality of steam supplied by the other boiler. Take cps = 2.25 kJ/kg [5 marks] Q.[3] At the Orapa plant, a heat engine (reversible) operates between two thermal reservoirs at temperatures 700°C and 50°C. The engine drives a reversible refrigeration machine that operates between temperatures of 50°C and - 25°C. The heat transfer to the engine is 2500 kj and the net-work output of the combined engine refrigerator plant is 400 KJ. a) Draw the schematic diagram with the proper direction of flow [5 marks] 4) Determine the heat transfer to the refrigerant and the net heat transfer to the reservoir at 50°C. [5 marks] @ Reconsider above (b) given that the efficiency of the heat engine and the C.0.P. of the refrigerator are each 45 percent of their maximum possible values. [Smarks]Qi] Q15] In experimental testing, per kg Water at 273 K is brought into contact with a heat reservoir at 373 K, When the water has reached 373 K, a) Find the entropy change of the water, the heat reservoir, and the universe. [5 marks] b) water is heated from 273 K to 373 K by first bringing it in contact with a reservoir at 323 K and then with a reservoir at 373 K, what will the entropy change of the universe be? [5 marks] Explain how water might be heated from 273 K to 373 K with almost no change in the entropy of the universe? [5marks] Atthe newly installed Morupule B power station, the testing (s) of recently imported turbine assembly is going on. In one of the testings, the steam condition at the turbine inlet is 80 bar, 500°C, and the condenser pressure is 0.1 bar. The heat source comprises a stream of exhaust gases from a gas turbine discharging at 560°C and 1 atm pressure. The minimum temperature allowed for the exhaust gas stream is 450 K. The mass flow rate of the hot gases is such that the heat input rate to the steam. cycle is 100 MW. The ambient condition is given by 300K and 1 atm. Determine thermal efficiency, work ratio and power output of the following cycles: {a) basic Rankine cycle, without superheat [4 marks] (b) Rankine cycle with superheat [4 marks] (c) Rankine cycle with reheat such that steam expands in the Ip. turbine until it exits asa dry saturated vapor, [Smarks] (@) Draw the T-s diagram for the arrangement given in (a), (b) and (c). [12 marks] STATEMENT ON ACADEMIC DISHONESTY: Academic disho Jy serious offence and will note tolerated in any form, Academie dishonesty in broad terms is the presentation of someone"s work pretending it’s your work. Copying or plagiatizing class assignments including homework, reports, design, bringing unapproved aids, either in written or electron form to an exam, obtaining copics of an exam priorto its administration, ‘Communicating to lecturers before the exam results with the intention to influence the outcome, All suel action will ot be tolerate