Speaker 1 (00:01)

To wrap up our discussion on the contemporary world, we now have a sensitivity of the remaining
topics in our course, and these are cultural globalization, global mobility, migration, demographics,
sustainable development, and global citizenship. Let's first deal about cultural globalization. Now,
having learned about economic and political globalization, we can see how integrated the exchanges,
transmission, movement, transfer, and convergence of cultures are made across nations through
global political and economic processes. Through globalization, cultures involving people's, traditions,
beliefs, and values are transmitted due to policies, agreements, legal practices, as well as travels,
foods, languages, media platforms, fashions industry, among others.

Speaker 1 (01:04)
Tom Lonson believes that globalization lies at the heart of modern culture, while cultural practices lie
at the heart of globalization as how his Tiger defines globalization. Tom Lanson also agrees that it
refers to the rapidly and ever densening network of interconnections and interdependences that
characterize modern social life. Now, putting the concept in our context, this means that the kind of
culture that we have right now as a nation that is considered as a modern social life is due to the
interconnections and interdependences of countries in the world affecting the way of life of people
across the planet.

Speaker 1 (01:50)
So if I ask you now, how much do you know about your Indigenous Filipino culture? Maybe you can
answer only a few in as much as the globalizing forces are beyond limits, and they are strong enough
to affect what we originally own.

Speaker 1 (02:08)
And in this case, we observe the convergence over the divergence of cultures, the complementary of
foreign and our own culture. Thus, what defines our modern social life is how we are evolving through
time and how we are constantly adapting new wave of cultures. We Filipinos are actually
cosmopolitan people. There are various factors that paved the way for globalization to take place at a
constant and even faster speed. As what Jack Lou asserts, globalization could not occur without
media.

Speaker 1 (02:48)
Take note of that. So globalization is impossible to take place without the help of media, because,
according to him, globalization and media have created the conditions through which many people
can now imagine themselves as part of one world or what Marshall McLaughan believes as global
imaginary and the concept of global village. Okay, so this means further that media made it possible
for governments, businesses, and Peoples across the world, remove the various types of barriers and
feel that there is only one planet that they are living under one roof, and there is only one home for all
of them.

Speaker 1 (03:33)
Because when we say media, we don't simply mean social media. When we speak of media, we mean
the print media.

Speaker 1 (03:43)
We mean aural form of communication. So through the use of language, if you look at it, how could
globalization possible to happen without the use of language or without the use of any form of media
for globalization and religion under cultural globalization, we have to understand that religion plays a
major role in social cultural Evolution The increased contact of nations makes religion tends to adapt
with the influences of globalization. Experts agree that religion tends to occupy a crucial place in the
global sphere and that includes the state.

Speaker 1 (04:29)
Although there has already been the dichotomy of the state and religion, or simply the separation of
the Church and state as it is also enshrined in the Philippine Constitution is stating that the principle
of the separation of the Church and state shall be inviolable inviolable means something that must
not be violated. But we can still observe how the Church is affecting or influencing much the state in
terms.

Speaker 1 (05:00)
Of its political decisions. For example, in our country, although we don't have a state religion meaning
there is no official religion in the Philippines, unlike in the case of Saudi Arabia, where Islam, if there's
state religion and the only religion allowed, which means that no other religions are practiced. As a
matter of fact, even the bringing in of Christian Bible in Saudi Arabia is prohibited. However, we are
unfortunate in the Philippines because there is what we call a freedom of religion. So all kinds of
religions are allowed in the country.

Speaker 1 (05:38)
Furthermore, some of the policies in the Philippines are influenced by the Catholic religion being, of
course, Roman Catholicism as the majority or as the religion of majority of the Filipinos. That is why
some of our countries holidays are religion based. Christmas, for example, it's very long holiday in the
Philippines length all things day event festivals, municipal festivals also have something to do with
the festivals of our patron Saints, among others. But the Church has been totally excluded in our
political affairs in the Philippines, as far as the 187 Constitution is concerned.

Speaker 1 (06:32)
Now, for another example, history tells us that during the period of Spanish colonization in the country
safe note that the state and the Church were United.

Speaker 1 (06:44)
The kind of government that we had during the Spanish period was not actually Democratic. Neither
was it Republic, but it was called theocratic or theocracy, which means the Union of the Church
specifically, of course, the Roman Catholic Church and the Spanish colonial government. The Union of
these two institutions had brought a not so good, but not so good. It's not really good, but an abusive
power against our ancestors or against our forefathers who were alive during those times. So such
observations were even immortalized by Dr.

Speaker 1 (07:28)
Sarazal. If you remember his novels no Limit Angere and Elsa Lebuster is he even depicted the
Spanish Friars who were abusive of their power in the person of Padre Damaso. So having with him
boss because Madrid amassed had bossed the power of the Church and also the state. So
secularization or the process by which religion has detached itself from the classastical nature in
adopting the worldly changes. This paved way for globalization to take place at another level.

Speaker 1 (08:06)
So when we speak of secularization, it's the process where the Church did not focus solely on the
classical nature of religion but had already embraced the worldly changes. So religion then had
gradually adapted to the changes of the time. But then there were also religions that were able to
maintain their principles and teachings and still were able to move such religion across the world
without changing any of the teachings which undergoes through what we call transnationalization.
There are actually religions that are called transnational religions. There is one example in the
Philippines that is considered classified as a transnational religion.

Speaker 1 (09:02)
Maybe you can make a guess. Okay, such kind of religion is in the like of Iglesonic Crystal why I
Glacier Ni Crystal because Igleshany Christo originated in the Philippines, right? Since it originated in
the Philippines. Greshenicrysto is a local religion in the country. But then it has taken its move to
transport the religion in various parts of the world.

Speaker 1 (09:31)
It has created also millions of followers across borders. This religion, the Glacier Christian Themes, is
still its principles, its teachings and the practices of its believers. Example, the beliefs and the
practices of Inc members in the Philippines are also observed the same way with the other Inc
members in all.