4 06-11-2021!17!37-22 Merichkatik Awam Sahityadarpan II

e`PNdfVd ,oa lkfgR;niZ.
k
,e-,- laLÑr ¼f}rh; lkfel=½
laiknd
MkWŒ Jh Hkxoku
lgk;d izksQslj
laLd`r] ikfy ,oa izkd`r foHkkx
egf’kZ n;kuUn fo”ofo|ky;] jksgrd
DIRECTORATE OF DISTANCE EDUCATION

MAHARSHI DAYANAND UNIVERSITY, ROHTAK
(A State University established under Haryana Act No. 25 of 1975)
(NAAC Accredited ‘A+’ Grade)
www.mdudde.net www.mdu.ac.in
ikB~;Øe
e`PNdfVd ,oa lkfgR;niZ.k
Maximum Marks : 100

Term End Examination : 80
Assignment : 20
le; % 3 ?k.Vs
?kVd & I e`PNdfVd ¼1&5 vad½ 20
?kVd & II e`PNdfVd ¼6&10 vad½ 20
?kVd & III lkfgR;niZ.k ¼1&2 ifjPNsn½ 20
?kVd & IV ¼d½ lkfgR;niZ.k ¼3-1&3-29½ 8
¼[k½ lkfgR;niZ.k ¼n”ke ifjPNsn½ v/kksfyf[kr vyadkj %
vuqizkl] ;ed] oØksfDr] “ys’k] miek] :id] vig~uqfr] mRizs{kk] vfr”k;ksfDr] rqY;;ksfxrk] nhid]
n`’VkUr] fun”kZuk] leklksfDr] vFkkZUrjU;kl] foHkkouk] fo”ks’kksfDr] LoHkkoksfDr] lal`f’V] ladj 12
fn”kk&funsZ”k
uksV & 16&16 vad ds dqy ikap iz”u iwNs tk,axs] ftuesa ls izFke iz”u oLrqfu’B gksxk ftlds
vUrxZr fodYi jfgr vkB oLrqfu’B iz”u ¼izR;sd ?kVd esa ls nks½ iwNs tk;saxs ftudk mÙkj
laLd`r Hkk’kk esa nsuk vfuok;Z gksxkA 16
“ks’k pkj iz”uksa ds ?kVdkuqlkj funsZ”k v/kksfyf[kr gSa &
?kVd & I ¼d½ pkj esa ls nks “yksdksa dh O;k[;k 10
¼[k½ nks esa ls ,d iz”u 6
?kVd & II ¼d½ pkj esa ls nks “yksdksa dh O;k[;k 10
¼[k½ nks esa ls ,d iz”u 6
?kVd & III ¼d½ nks dkfjdkvksa esa ls ,d dh O;k[;k 6
¼[k½ nks iz”uksa esa ls ,d leh{kkRed iz”u 10
?kVd & IV ¼d½ nks dkfjdkvksa esa ls ,d dh O;k[;k 6
¼[k½ pkj esa ls nks vyadkjksa ds y{k.k o mnkgj.k 10
vuq”kaflr xzUFk
1 e`PNdfVd & Jhfuokl “kkL=h] lkfgR; Hk.Mkj] lqHkk’k cktkj] esjB
2 e`PNdfVd & jek”kadj f=ikBh] eksrhyky cukjlhnkl] fnYyh
3 e`PNdfVd & vkpk;Z txnh”k izlkn ik.Ms; ,oa enuxksiky oktis;h] Hkkjrh; cqd
dkWjiksjs”ku] fnYyh
4 lkfgR;niZ.k & “kkfyxzke “kkL=h] eksrhyky cukjlhnkl] fnYyh
5 lkfgR;niZ.k & MkWŒ fu:i.k fo|kyadkj] lkfgR; Hk.Mkj] lqHkk’k cktkj] esjB
fo’k; lwph
i`’B la[;k
ikB~;Øe 2&3
fo"k; lwph 4&5
bdkbZ & 1 % e`PNdfVd ¼1 & 5 vad½ 7&74
1-1 ifjp;
1-2 bdkbZ ds mÌs”;
1-3 e`PNdfVd ¼1 & 5 vad½
1-4 viuh izxfr tkafp,
1-5 lkjka”k
1-6 eq[; “kCnkoyh
1-7 viuh izxfr tkafp, ds mÙkj
1-8 vH;kl gsrq iz”u
1-9 vki ;s Hkh i<+ ldrs gSa
bdkbZ & 2 % e`PNdfVd ¼6 & 10 vad½

2-1 ifjp; 75&130
2-5 lkjka”k
2-6 eq[; “kCnkoyh
bdkbZ & 3 % lkfgR;niZ.k ¼1&2 ifjPNsn½
3-1 ifjp; 131&146
3-3 lkfgR;niZ.k
3-5 lkjka”k
3-6 eq[; “kCnkoyh
bdkbZ & 4 % lkfgR;niZ.k ¼3-1&3-29] vyadkj½

4-1 ifjp; 147&166
4-3 lkfgR;niZ.k ¼jl] vyadkj½
4-5 lkjka”k
4-6 eq[; “kCnkoyh
bdkbZ & 1
e`PNdfVd ¼1 & 5 vad½
bdkbZ dh :ijs[kk
1-1 ifjp;
1-5 lkjka”k
1-6 eq[; “kCnkoyh
1-1 ifjp;
MkWŒ ijekuUn xqIr us ^^laLd`r lkfgR; dk ifjp;** uked iqLrd esa “kwnzd ds fo’k; esa fy[kk gS fd “kwnzd dk
ifjp; muds }kjk jfpr izdj.k ê`PNdfVd* dh izLrkouk esa feyrk gSA blds vuqlkj os ,d f}tJs’B uìfr
FksA mudh pky gkFkh ds leku] us= pdksj ds leku rFkk eq[k pUnzek ds leku lqUnj FkkA os _Xosn] xf.kr]
gLr&f”k{kk] O;kikj ,oa u`R;&laxhr vkfn 64 dykvksa esa n{k FksA mUgksaus lkS o’kZ rFkk nl fnu jkT; djds] ckn
esa vius iq= dks jkT; nsdj vfXu&izos”k dj fy;k FkkA viuh gh e`R;q ds fo’k; esa dksbZ dfo dSls fy[k ldrk
gS vr% dfri; fo}kuksa us bl ys[k dh ;FkkFkZrk ij lUnsg fd;k gS rFkk e`PNdfVd dk jpf;rk vU; fdlh
dfo dks gh ekuk gSA
LdUniqjk.k] osrkyiapfoa”kfr] dFkklfjRlkxj] dknEcjh] g’kZpfjr rFkk n”kdqekjpfjr vkfn xzUFkksa esa
fofHkUu “kwnzdksa ds mYys[k feyrs gSaA bu mYys[kksa esa dkSu &lk mYys[k ,sfrgkfld gS vkSj fdldk lEcU/k
e`PNdfVd ds lkFk tksM+k tk ldrk gS & ;s nksuksa fooknkLin fo’k; gSaA vfHkys[kksa rFkk lkfgR; ds vk/kkj ij
“kwnzd dk ,sdkRE; lEcU/k MkWŒ fLeFk 240 bZŒ iwŒ ds vkU/kzoa”kh; fleqd ds lkFk] iaŒ pUnzcyh ik.Ms; bZlk dh
nwljh “krkCnh ds vkU/kzoa”kh; okfl’Bh iq= iqyqekfo ds lkFk] izksŒ LVsudksuks vkHkhjoa”kh; jktdqekj f”konÙk ds
lkFk rFkk MkWŒ ¶yhV 248&49 bZŒ esa psfnoa”k ds laLFkkid bZ”ojlsu ds firk ds lkFk LFkkfir djrs gSaA
oLrqr% “kwnzd us Hkkl ds ukVd ^pk#nÙk* dks ifjof)Zr dj] mlesa vk;Zd ds fonzksg dh jktuSfrd dFkk
dk lekos”k dj mls e`PNdfVd dk Lo:i iznku fd;kA vr% bl izdj.k dk jpukdky Hkkl ds i”pkr~
nwljh@rhljh “krkCnh bZLoh esa ;k blds ckn ekuk tk ldrk gSA
e`PPNdfVd & ;g nl vadksa dk ukVd gSA blesa nks eq[; dFkkud xq¡Fks gq, gSa & ,d pk#nÙk vkSj olUrlsuk
ds izse dk vkSj nwljk ikyd vkSj xksikynkjd vk;Zd ds jktuSfrd la?k’kZ dkA izFke vad esa olUrlsuk “kdkj ls
vius cpko ds fy, pk#nÙk ds ?kj esa “kj.k ysrh gS rFkk okfil tkrs gq, vius vkHkw’k.kksa dks pk#nÙk ds ?kj esa
bdkbZ&1 8
j[k nsrh gSA nwljs vad esa ,d vksj pk#nÙk ds izse esa vuqjDr olUrlsuk dk n`”; gS rks nwljh vksj |wrdj rFkk
ekFkqj }kjk ihNk fd;s tkrs gq, pk#nÙk ds Hk`R; jg pqds laokgd dk n`”;A olUrlsuk tq, esa gkj dj mlds
?kj esa “kj.k ysus okys laokgd ds fy, ekFkqj vkSj |wrdj dks #i;ksa ds cnys viuk vkHkw’k.k nsdj NqM+krh gSA
blh vad esa ,d fHk{kq dh gkFkh ls j{kk djus ds fufeÙk d.kZiwjd uked psV dks pk#nÙk }kjk iqjLdkj Lo:i
nq”kkyk HksaV fd;s tkus dk lekpkj Hkh olUrlsuk dks izkIr gksrk gSA rhljs vad esa enfudk dk izseh “kfoZyd
pk#nÙk ds ?kj esa lsa/k yxkdj olUrlsuk ds vkHkw’k.k pqjk ysrk gSA vkHkw’k.kksa ds cnys esa pk#nÙk dh iRuh /kwrk
viuh jRuekyk olUrlsuk ds ?kj esa fHktok nsrh gSA pkSFks vad esa “kfoZyd enfudk ds dgus ij pk#nÙk dk
nwr cudj pqjk;s gq, xguksa dks olUrlsuk dks ykSVk nsrk gSA olUrlsuk lc o`ÙkkUr tkudj enfudk dks mldh
o/kw cukdj mlds lkFk Hkst nsrh gSA ?kj tkrs le; jkLrs esa “kfoZyd dks ikyd }kjk xksikynkjd vk;Zd ds
dSn fd;s tkus dk lekpkj feyrk gS rks og enfudk dks lkFkZokg jsfHky ds ?kj Hkstdj vk;Zd dks NqM+kus ds
fy, py nsrk gSA blh vad esa fonw’kd /kwrk dh jRuekyk olUrlsuk dks ns vkrk gSA iape vad esa olUrlsuk
pk#nÙk ds ?kj igq¡prh gS rFkk jkr dks ogha jgrh gSA
ukV~;dyk & “kwnzd iz.khr e`PNdfVd :id&Hksn dh n`f’V ls nl vadksa dk ,d izdj.k gSA ;g fu”p; gh
laLd`r ukVd lkfgR; dk ,d vfr egku~ :id gSA blesa dkO; ds jl rFkk Hkkoksa dk ;FkkFkZ Lo:i fo|eku
gSA ;g ,d ;FkkFkksZUeq[k jpuk gSA bl jpuk dk lEcU/k ml txr~ ls gS ftlesa tksj] tqvkjh] fHk{kq] os”;k] foV
rFkk psV vkfn lHkh rjg ds yksx LoPNUn gksdj fopj.k djrs gSaA bl izdj.k esa d#.kk vkSj “kksd] gkL; vkSj
O;aX;] dfoRo ,oa ikf.MR;] n;k ,oa ekuork vkfn rÙoksa dk O;kid lekos”k gSA ukV~; dk dFkkud lkekftd
thou ds vf/kd fudV gS] og jktegy dh pkjnhokjh esa cUn gksdj ugha jg tkrkA e`PNdfVd ¼vFkkZr~ feÍh
dh xkM+h½ ds ukedj.k esa uk;d vFkok ukf;dk dks egÙo u nsdj ml n`”; dks egÙo iznku fd;k x;k gS
ftlesa euksoSKkfud vUr}ZU} dk vf/kd okLrfod fp=.k gS rFkk tks bl jpuk esa fu.kkZ;d fcUnq dk dk;Z djrk
gSA ik=ksa dh fofo/krk rFkk muds pfj= fp=.k esa ekuoh; Hkkoksa dk Li”kZ] dFkkud ds jktuSfrd Hkkx ds lkFk
vuqL;wr gksdj bl :id esa fofHkUu }U}ksa rFkk vUr}ZU}ksa ds v/;;u ds fy, vf/kd fo”kn ,oa iw.kZ {ks= iznku
djrs gSaA
Hkk’kk&”kSyh
fdlh Hkh dfo ;k ukVddkj dk ewY;kadu djus dh egÙoiw.kZ dlkSVh ;fn dksbZ gS rks og mlds }kjk iz;qDr
Hkk’kk o “kSyh gS ftldk fd mlus viuh d`fr esa iz;ksx fd;k gSA n`”; ;k JO; dkO; dh dFkkoLrq dh lkexzh
ls ge mlds jpf;rk dk ewY;kadu mruk ugha dj ldrs ftruk fd Hkk’kk “kSyh lsA Hkk’kk o “kSyh gh mldh
Lo;a dh gksrh gS ftlds ek/;e ls og vius Lo;a o vU; LFkkuksa rFkk fofHkUu lzksrksa ls xzg.k fd;s x;s Hkkoksa o
fopkjksa dks viuh d`fr esa izdV djrk gSA dFkkud dHkh Hkh iw.kZ :i ls vkfo’d`r ugha gks ldrkA ,d gh
dFkkud dks dbZ :iksa esa Hkk’kk o “kSyh ds ek/;e ls izLrqr fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl izdkj ,d dkO; esa Hkk’kk o
“kSyh dk egÙoiw.kZ LFkku gSA dkO;ksa esa Hkh ewyr% n`”;dkO; esa Hkk’kk o “kSyh egÙoiw.kZ rÙo gS] D;ksafd ukVd
vFkok ,dkadh izR;{k n”kZu dk lkfgR; gS] vr% mldh Hkk’kk o “kSyh ljy rFkk lqcks/k gksuh pkfg,A
Hkk’kk o “kSyh dh dlkSVh ij ê`PNdfVd* ,d [kjk o vuqie ukVd gSA bldh Hkk’kk vR;Ur ljy ,oa
izlkn xq.k ;qDr gSA dfo us lekl iz/kku Hkk’kk dk vf/kd iz;ksx ugha fd;k gSA rqyukRed n`f’V ls e`PNdfVd
dh Hkk’kk dkfynkl dh vis{kk vf/kd ljy gSA ;g Hkkl vkSj dkfynkl ds e/; dh “kSyh gS] laLd`r lkfgR; dh
vyad`r “kSyh ughaA ikfjHkkf’kd “kCnksa esa mlus oSnHkhZ jhfr dks viuk;k gSA fdUrq bldk ;g vFkZ ugha fd mlesa
lekl cgqy xkSMh jhfr dks viukus dh “kfDr gh ugha FkhA dgha&dgha ij vko”;drkuqlkj mlus xkSMh jhfr dks
9 e`PNdfVd ,oa lkfgR;niZ.k-II
Hkh viuk;k gSA okLro esa mlus Hkko o ik=ksa ds vuqlkj viuh Hkk’kk dk ifjorZu fd;k gSA viokn rks izk;% lHkh
txg ij fey tkrs gSa] vr% nks pkj vioknksa dks NksM+dj lk/kkj.kr;k mldh Hkk’kk Li’V gSA mldh vfHkO;fDr
esa “kfDr gS vkSj FkksM+s gh “kCnksa esa Li’V fp= [khap nsus dh dyk gSA ;g lp gS fd “kwnzd esa HkoHkwfr ds leku
vfHkO;fDr dk lkSUn;Z ugha gS vkSj Hkkoksa ds lw{e fp=.k esa Hkh og ihNs gS fdUrq HkoHkwfr dh fDy’Vrk ls og
eqDr gSA dkfynkl dk fLuX/k in&ykfyR; ,oa dkO;kRed lkS’Bo Hkh “kwnzd dh izLrqr jpuk esa orZeku ugha gSA
bl izdkj e`PNdfVd ljy “kSyh esa fy[kh xbZ ,d lqUnj d`fr gSA ;|fi vyadkj&”kkfL=;ksa us
e`PNdfVd esa yEcs&yEcs fp=.kksa dk u gksuk ,d nks’k cryk;k gS] ijUrq okLro esa yEcs o.kZu izk;% ukVd ds
izokg esa ck/kd gh gksrs gSa lk/kd ugha] laokn ftrus laf{kIr o ljy gksxsa mrus gh n”kZdksa dks izHkkfor dj
ldsaxsA bl izdkj e`PNdfVd esa yEcs o.kZuksa ds vHkko ls vf/kd lthork gh vkbZ gS tks ukV~;&dyk dk ,d
vko”;d xq.k gSA fQj Hkh yEcs o.kZuksa o lekl ;qDr inksa dk iw.kZ vHkko ugha gSA prqFkZ vad esa olUrlsuk ds
izklkn dk o.kZu vkSj ikapos vad esa o’kkZ vkSj rwQku dk o.kZu i;kZIr yEck gSA olUrlsuk ds ?kj dk o.kZu yEck
gksus ds lkFk&lkFk mck nsus okyk Hkh gS fdUrq o’kkZ vkSj rwQku dk o.kZu dfoRo dh n`f’V ls vR;qÙke gSA
okLrfod fLFkfr bl fo’k; esa ;g gS fd ukVd esa ukVddÙkkZ dks izd`fr fp=.k ds fy;s mruk le; o LFkku
ugha fey ikrk ftruk fd ,d egkdkO; ds jpf;rk dks] vr% tks dqNsd LFkku fey ikrs gSa ogka os viuh izfrHkk
izd`fr o.kZu ds ek/;e ls iznf”kZr djuk pkgrs gSaA ;gh fLFkfr ê`PNdfVd* ds jpf;rk “kwnzd dh gSA mlds
}kjk fd;k og o.kZu mls yfyr Hkk’kk esa lw{e Hkkoksa ds fp=.k esa fl)gLr djus ds fy, i;kZIr gSA ;|fi
dfoRo dh n`f’V ls bldk egÙo vf/kd gS ijUrq ukV~;&dyk dh n`f’V ls ;g ukVd ds izokg dk ck/kd gh
ekuk tk;sxkA bl izdkj dgk tk ldrk gS fd ukVdh; n`f’V ls e`PNdfVd laLd`r lkfgR; esa vuqie gSA
e`PNdfVd esa izfrfcfEcr lekt rFkk laLd`fr
MkWŒ mek”kadj “kekZ ^_f’k* us ^^laLd`r lkfgR; dk bfrgkl** uked iqLrd esa e`PNdfVd esa izfrfcfEcr
lekt rFkk laLd`fr dk foLrkj ls fooj.k izLrqr fd;k gS tks bl izdkj gS &
e`PNdfVd dk dFkkud jktHkou ds ladqfpr o`Ùk ds ckgj lkekU;tuksa ls ladqy jktekxZ ls lEc) gS(
blfy, lekt ds dbZ Lrjksa dk fp=.k blesa izkIr gksrk gSA “kwnzd us fofo/k oxks± ds ik=ksa dks bl :id esa
LFkku nsdj lok±xiw.kZ lkekftd fLFkfr dk fu:i.k fd;k gSA
• o.kZ rFkk tkfr % bl :id ds vuq”khyu ls Kkr gksrk gS fd ml le; o.kZ &O;oLFkk orZeku Fkh]
O;olk;ksa ds vk/kkj ij dqN tkfr;k¡ Hkh FkhA czkã.kksa dk dke iBu&ikBu] ;tu&;ktu vkSj
nku&izfrxzg ¼nsuk&ysuk½ FkkA mi;qZDr deZ vfuok;Z ugha Fks( vU; O;olk;ksa esa Hkh czkã.k LorU= FksA
pk#nÙk Lo;a czkã.k gksdj Hkh okf.kT;thoh FkkA “kfoZyd Hkh czkã.k Fkk fdUrq pksjh tSls rqPN deZ djrk
FkkA fonw’kd dk in rks ew[kZ czkã.kksa ds fy, lqjf{kr FkkA
U;k;ky;ksa esa dk;LFk yksx ys[ku&dk;Z djrs FksA uoe vad esa U;k;ky; dks dk;LFk:ih liks± ls Hkjk
gqvk LFkku dgk x;k gS ¼dk;LFk&likZLine~½A “kwyh ij p<+kus ¼e`R;qn.M nsus½ dk dke pk.Mky yksx
djrs FksA
• fookg % ml dky esa cgqiRuh&izFkk izpfyr FkhA czkã.k ds fy, vlo.kZ L=h ls fookg djuk fuf’k) ugha
FkkA pk#nÙk us xf.kdk olUrlsuk ls vkSj “kfoZyd us xf.kdk dh nklh enfudk ls fookg fd;kA ifr
ds ej tkus ij lrh&izFkk ¼lgej.k½ izpfyr FkhA pk#nÙk dks “kwyh ij p<+kus dk miØe gksus ij
mldh iRuh /kwrk lrh gksus dk iz;kl djrh gSA ijnk&izFkk dk izpkj ugha Fkk D;ksafd /kwrk lcds le{k
bdkbZ&1 10
fcuk ijns ds gh vkrh gSA dqN lEiUu yksx j[kSy L=h Hkh j[krs Fks] “kdkj dh cgu jktk ikyd dh
j[kSy FkhA “kdkj dks gh ^dk.ksyhekr%* lEcksf/kr fd;k x;k gS ftldk vFkZ gS & vfookfgr L=h ;k
j[kSy dk iq=A
• fL=;ksa dk LFkku % lekt esa fL=;ksa dk cgqr lEeku FkkA muds nks oxZ Fks & dqyo/kw vkSj xf.kdkA
dqyo/kw dk in cM+k vknj.kh; FkkA jktk dks vf/kdkj Fkk fd fdlh lkekU; L=h ;k xf.kdk dks
^dqyo/kw* dk in iznku djsA xf.kdk,¡ lEiUu gksrh Fkha( u`R;] laxhr] vfHku;] fp=dyk vkfn esa os fuiq.k
FkhaA lkoZtfud thou esa dykvksa dk vknj gksus ls xf.kdkvksa dks izfr’Bk feyh gqbZ FkhA muds okguksa
dh ryk”kh ugha yh tkrh FkhA os x`gLFkksa ds ?kjksa esa fuLladksp vkrh&tkrh FkhaA fQj Hkh xf.kdkvksa dks
fe= cukuk lkekftd izfr’Bk ds izfrdwy FkkA blhfy, dqN xf.kdk,¡ viuh fLFkfr ls vlUrq’V gksdj
lEekuuh; o/kw&in ikus dk iz;Ru djrh FkhaA
nklh vkSj nkl j[kus dh izFkk Fkh] lEHkor% budk Ø;&foØ; gksrk Fkk fdUrq /ku pqdk nsus ij
;s eqDr gks tkrs FksA dHkh&dHkh jktk ds vkns”k ls Hkh nklrk ls eqfDr feyrh Fkh tSls vk;Zd ds vkns”k
ls LFkkojd&uked psV dks eqDr fd;k x;kA
• uxj&O;oLFkk % e`PNdfVd ds ;qx esa uxjksa esa tkfr;ksa ds vk/kkj ij eqgYys cls gq, FksA pk#nÙk lsBksa
ds eqgYys esa jgrk Fkk ¼l [kyq Jsf’BpRojs fuolfr½ uxjksa ds eq[; }kj jkr esa cUn gks tkrs FksA cgqr
jkr esa igjsnkj uxj esa ?kwe&?kwedj igjk nsrs FksA uxjksa esa vkokxeu ds fy, cSyxkfM+;ksa dk iz;ksx gksrk
Fkk] iq#’k gkFkh&?kksM+ksa ij Hkh pyrs FksA
• dyk&dkS”ky % ml ;qx esa dyk,¡ mUur voLFkk esa FkhA laxhr] fp=dyk] ewfrZdyk] laokgu ¼”kjhj
nckuk½ vkSj pkS;Zdyk rd dk o.kZu e`PNdfVd esa gSA ck¡lqjh] nnqZjd] e`nax vkSj iz.ko vU; ok| Fks
ftudh ppkZ bl :id esa gSA
r`rh; vad esa “kfoZyd dh pkS;Zdyk dk fp=.k feyrk gSA pksjksa ds Hkh dqN uSfrd fu;e Fks
tSls& L=h dks u ekjuk] lks;s gq, ;k Mjs gq, O;fDr ij izgkj u djuk] czkã.k dk ;k iwtk dk /ku u
pqjkuk] cPpksa dk vigj.k u djuk bR;kfnA
• vFkZ&O;oLFkk % mTtf;uh uxjh rFkk xf.kdk ds izklkn ds ;FkkFkZ o.kZu ls ml ;qx dh vkfFkZd le`f)
dk ifjp; feyrk gSA xf.kdk dh le`f) ns”k dh le`f) dk y{k.k gSA dqN yksx brus /kuh Fks fd cPpksa
dks lksus ds f[kykSus [ksyus ds fy, fn;k djrs FksA pk#nÙk ds iM+kslh dk ckyd Lo.kZ”kdfVdk ls
[ksyrk gSA pk#nÙk dh iRuh /kwrk ;|fi fu/kZu gks x;h Fkh rFkkfi olUrlsuk ds pqjk;s x;s vkHkw’k.kksa ds
cnys esa viuh cgqewY; jRuekyk nsrh gSA |wrØhMk esa /ku dk izpqj vknku&iznku gksrk FkkA |wr esa gkj
tkus ij _.k ¼gkjk gqvk /ku½ pqdkuk vko”;d FkkA blesa jktiq#’kksa dh Hkh lgk;rk yh tkrh FkhA
olUrlsuk us ,sls gh ijkftr tqvkjh ¼laokgd½ dk _.k pqdk;k FkkA |wrØhMk dks laokgd us dyk ds
:i esa lh[kk Fkk] vc ogh mldh vkthfodk cu x;h FkhA
• /kkfeZd fLFkfr % oSfnd /keZ dk lkekU; izlkj FkkA vusd izdkj ds ;K] iwtu] cfy] riZ.k vkfn deZ
fd;s tkrs FksA yksx ozr&miokl djrs Fks ,oa czkã.kksa dks nku nsrs FksA fuEuoxZ ds yksx Hkh /kkfeZd dk;Z
djrs FksA ckS) /keZ dk Hkh izpkj FkkA ml le; vusd ckS) fogkj FksA muds dqyifr gksrs FksA vk;Zd us
laokgd ¼fHk{kq½ dks lHkh fogkjksa dk dqyifr cuk fn;k FkkA vr% ^dqyifr* jktkns”k ls izkI; in FkkA
• jktuhfr&O;oLFkk % e`PNdfVd ds le; dh jktuhfrd n”kk vPNh ugha FkhA ns”k NksVs&NksVs jkT;ksa esa
foHkDr FkkA jktk LosPNkpkjh gksrk FkkA U;k;k/kh”k mldk ukSdj Fkk] tc pkgs fudkyk tk ldrk FkkA
uoe vad esa “kdkj U;k;k/kh”k dks /kedh nsrk gS fd ;fn esjk vfHk;ksx ugha lquk x;k rks jktk ls
dgdj rqEgsa gVok nw¡xkA jktk U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; dks fujLr dj ldrk FkkA blhfy, uoe vad esa
U;k;k/kh”k pk#nÙk dks Lo;a n.M u nsdj jktk ikyd ds ikl fu.kZ; ds fy, Hkst nsrk gS tks mls
izk.kn.M nsrk gSA
jktk ds lEcU/kh yksx iz”kklu esa gLr{ksi djrs FksA fdlh mRlo ds le; vijkf/k;ksa dks n.MeqDr fd;k
tkrk FkkA ,slh gh dqO;oLFkk ls flagklu dk vf/kdkjh {k.k esa gh cny tkrk FkkA e`PNdfVd esa
jkt&ifjorZu dk jgL; blh nqcZy jkt”kfDr esa fufgr gSA
bl izdkj e`PNdfVd ds vk/kkj ij rkRdkfyd lekt dk fp=.k fd;k tk ldrk gSA
pfj=&fp=.k
¼1½ pk#nÙk
pk#nÙk izLrqr izdj.k dk uk;d gSA Hkkjrh; dkO;”kkfL=;ksa ds vuqlkj uk;d ds pkj izdkj ekus x;s gS & os
Øe”k% /khjyfyr] “kkUr] mnkÙk rFkk m)r gSaA ;s pkjksa izdkj ds uk;d ^/khj* rks gksrs gh gSa /khjRo ds vfrfjDr
buesa viuh izd`frxr fo”ks’krk Hkh vyx ls ikbZ tkrh gSA mDr pkj izdkj ds uk;dksa esa ls izLrqr izdj.k ds
uk;d dks ^/khj iz”kkUr* dksfV dk uk;d ekuk x;k gSA /khjiz”kkUr uk;d izd`fr ls “kkUr gksrk gSA “kkUr izd`fr
izk;% czkã.k ;k oS”; esa gh gksrh gS] vr% ;g fu’d’kZ fudyrk gS fd /khj iz”kkUr dksfV dk uk;d ;k rks czkã.k
gksrk gS ;k oS”;A ijUrq izLrqr izdj.k dk uk;d pk#nÙk /khj gksus ds lkFk&lkFks dykizseh o {kekoku~ Hkh gS tks
fd Øe”k% /khj yfyr rFkk /khjksnkÙk uk;d ds izeq[k xq.k ekus x;s gSaA bl izdkj yfyr] mnkÙk rFkk “kkUr rhuksa
izdkj ds uk;dksa ds xq.kksa ls og ;qDr gSA
pk#nÙk tUeuk czkã.k gksrs gq;s Hkh deZ.kk Js’Bh gSA og viuh ân; dh mnkjrk rFkk O;ogkj ds dkj.k
nqfnZuksa esa iM+k gqvk gSA og vius thou ds izkjafHkd o’kks± esa vR;Ur /kuk<~; jg pqdk gSA ijUrq nqHkkZX; ls og
fu/kZu gks x;k gSA
nfjnz gksus ij Hkh pk#nÙk ;”k ,oa izfr’Bk dk loZnk /;ku j[krk gSA og vius oa”k dh dhfrZ dh j{kk
ds fy, lrr iz;Ru”khy jgrk gSA tc pksj ?kj esa lsa/k yxkdj ?kqlrk gS rFkk pk#nÙk dks bldk irk pyrk gS]
rc mls bl ckr dh fpUrk ugha gksrh fd D;k oLrq pqjkbZ xbZ ijUrq og bl ckr ls nq%[kh gksrk gS fd pksj dks
mldh esgur dk Qy ugha feyk] mls esjs ?kj ls dksbZ /ku izkIr ugha gqvk] mls fdruh fujk”kk gqbZ gksxhA ;g
lc og blfy, lksprk gS fd lekt esa yksxksa dks mldh ?kj dh fLFkfr dk irk py tk;sxkA og ;g lqudj
izlUu gksrk gS fd pksj Lo.kkZyadkj pqjk ys x;s gSaA
ijUrq tc mls ;g irk pyrk gS fd og /kjksgj Fkh] rc og vR;Ur nq%[k vuqHko djrk gSA og viuh
fu/kZurk dks Hkh dkslrk gS rFkk dgus yxrk gS ^ôkLrfod rF; ij dkSu fo”okl djsxk ¼fd pksj us /kjksgj
pqjkbZ½ lHkh eq>s gh nks’kkh Bgjk;saxsA bl lalkj esa fu/kZurk leLr “kadkvksa dh tuuh gSA** fonw’kd }kjk ;g
izLrko j[kus ij fd og /kjksgj ds fo’k; esa ,slk izpkj djsxk fd ftlls vki U;k; ls eqDr gks tkvksxs] rc
pk#nÙk dgrk gS & ^^D;k eSa bl le; vlR; cksyw¡xk \ fHk{kk ds }kjk ;Fks’B /ku ,d= dj /kjksgj ykSVk nw¡xk]
ijUrq pfj= dks dyafdr djus okyk vlR; Hkk’k.k ugha d:axkA** fonw’kd ds jRukoyh Hkstus ds izLrko dk
fojks/k djus ij og mÙkj nsrk gS & ftl fo”okl ds lgkjs olUrlsuk us og /kjksgj esjs ikl j[kh] mlh fo”okl
bdkbZ&1 12
ds dkj.k ;g ewY;oku~ jRukoyh mls nh tk jgh gS u fd ml Lo.kkZHkw’k.k ds cnys esaA mDr nks mnkgj.kksa ls
Li’V fofnr gksrk gS fd pk#nÙk pfj= ls fdruk usd] lR; fiz; ,oa fo”oklik= FkkA fo”okl Hkax u gksus dh
mDr fpUrk pk#nÙk ds pfj= dks peRdkfjrk ds vkyksd ls izdkf”kr dj nsrh gSA
mDr lHkh dk;ks± ds ewy esa izeq[k tks ckr gS og gS ^dqy dh izfr’Bk*A pk#nÙk loZnk bl ckr dk iw.kZ
/;ku j[krk gS fd mldk vkpj.k dqy dh e;kZnk ds vuqdwy gksA ukVd ds n”ke vad esa pk.Mkyksa }kjk firk
rFkk firkeg dk uke ysdj mlds Åij e<s x;s vkjksiksa dh ?kks’k.kk djus ij og vius xkSjokfUor dqy dk
Lej.k dj vR;Ur% nq%[kh gksrk gSA pk#nÙk dks e`R;q dk dksbZ Hk; ugha gSa] mls ;fn fdlh ckr dk Hk; gS] rks og
gS vius dqy dh izfr’Bk o ;”k dkA og Li’V dgrk gS &
u Hkhrks ej.kknfLe dsoya nwf’kra ;”k%A
fo”kq)L; fg es e`R;q% iq=tUe leks Hkosr~AA
pk#nÙk dk ân; vR;Ur mnkj] xaHkhj vkSj d#.kk ;qDr gSA lEifÙk lfyy ds lekIr gks tkus ij Hkh
mldk euljkst mlh Hkkafr fodflr gSA og tc Hkh le; ikrk gS xq.kh vkSj midkjh lTtu dk lEeku vfr
mnkjrk ls djrk gS] enksUer xt ls fHk{kq dh j{kk djus ds fy, izlUu gksdj og d.kZiwjd dks viuk izkokjd
ns Mkyrk gSA mnkjrk ds lkFk&lkFk d#.kk Hkh mlds ân; esa fo|eku gSA og u dsoy vius lsodksa ds izfr
n;kyq gS] vfirq i”kq&if{k;ksa ds izfr Hkh mldh d#.kk nzfor gksrh jgrh gSA psV }kjk Qsadh gqbZ dadM+h dks
dcwrj }kjk fxjkbZ gqbZ tkudj tc fonw’kd dcwrj dks ekjuk pkgrk gS] rks pk#nÙk mls euk djrk gqvk dgrk
gS & ^fr’Brq nf;rklfgrL; ------- ikjkor%A* og bruk dksey ân; gS fd iq’i ds fy, dksey yrk dks uhps
>qdkdj iq’i p;u rd djuk ilan ugha djrkA
og ,d lqf”kf{kr ,oa lqlaLd`r ukxfjd gSA mlesa dfo ân; fo|eku gSA o’kkZ&o.kZu ftu “kCnksa esa
mlds }kjk fd;k x;k og nz’VO; gSA dfo gksus ds lkFk& lkFk og laxhr dk ikj[kh ,oa dykfiz; O;fDr gSA
r`rh; vad esa tc og jsfHky dk laxhr lqudj okil ?kj ls ykSVrk gS rc eqDr&d.B ls mldh iz”kalk djrk
gSA edku esa tc lsa/k yxkbZ tkrh gS rFkk og mls ns[krk gS] rc pksjh dh vf/kd fpUrk u djds loZ izFke lsa/k
yxkus dh dyk dh iz”kalk djrk gSA
,d izseh ds :i esa Hkh mldk pkfjf=d n`<+rk ls ;qDr gSA olUrlsuk ds izfr mldk I;kj vR;Ur xgjk
,oa lqqdqekj gSA tc rd olUrlsuk mlls vkdj ugha feyrh gS] rc rd og mlds fo;ksx esa rM+irk jgrk gSA
mlds vk tkus ij og izlUu gksrk gS rFkk lg’kZ dg mBrk gS & ^^vjs ! olUrlsuk vk xbZ ! gs fiz;s ! esjk
lka;dky izfrfnu tkxrs O;rhr gksrk gS vkSj lkjh jkrsa fujUrj fu%”okl NksM+rs O;rhr gks tkrh gSaA ysfdu gs
foLr`r ykspus ! rqEgkjs lekxe ls vkt dh la/;k gekjs “kksd dk vUr dj nsus okyh gksxhA** vfHk;ksx izdj.k esa
Hkh og bu “kCnksa esa olUrlsuk dk Lej.k djrk gS & ^ôlUrlsuk ds thou ds fcuk esjk thfor jguk O;FkZ gSA**
pk.Mky tc mls olUrlsuk dk gR;kjk dg dj ckj&ckj ?kks’k.kk djrs gSa rc og vR;Ur nq%[k vuqHko djrs gq,
dg mBrk gS & ^^pUnzek dh foey fdj.kksa ds leku mTtoy nkarksa okyh ! euksje izoky ds rqY; jDrkHkk
v/kjks’B okyh ! fiz;resa ! rqEgkjs eq[kke`r dk iku dj eSa bl le; fdruh fuLlgk;] voLFkk esa vi;”k :ih
fo’k dk iku dj jgk gw¡A** vkSj vUr esa tc o/k&LFkku ij vpkud olUrlsuk dks ns[krk gS rc og ân; ls
xn~xn gks mBrk gS rFkk mls lathouh cwaVh ds rqY; crykrk gSA bl izdkj ,d “kkUr] fu’Bkoku~] xaHkhj rFkk
lqdqekj izseh gSA
brus ln~xq.kksa ls ;qDr ,oa iz”kalk dk ik= gksrs gq;s Hkh og ekuo gS rFkk pUnzek esa ftl izdkj dkfyek
fo|eku gSa mlh izdkj mlesa Hkh ,d nks pkfjf=d detksfj;k¡ gSaA og fu/kZu gS] ijUrq fu/kZurk dks izdV ugha
djrk gSA mlus xf.kdk ls izse fd;k gS ijUrq og vUr le; rd mls izdV ugha djrk] mls izdV djus esa og
ladksp djrk gSA ;g ladksp mlds pfj= dk nks’k gh dgk tk;skx] mls ,slh fLFkfr esa tc fd mls e`R;qn.M gh
fey jgk Fkk] iz.k; dh Lohd`fr ns nsuh pkfg, FkhA
vU; tks nks’k mlds pfj= esa ns[kus dks feyrk gS og /kwrk ds izfr mldh vk”p;Ztud mis{kk gSA og
tc o/k ds fy, pk.Mkyksa }kjk ys tk;k tkrk gS rc lHkh dk Lej.k djrk gS ijUrq viuh ifrozrk iRuh /kwrk
dh ml le; Hkh mis{kk gh djrk gS] tks ml tSls d#.k ân; ds fy, mfpr izrhr ugha gksrkA
ijUrq mDr ,d nks voxq.k mlds xq.kksa ds lekus ux.; fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA mlds leLr xq.kksa ij fopkj
djus ds mijkUr gh MkWŒ jkbMj us mldh rqyuk ^êjps.V vkQ osful** ds uk;d ,.Vksfu;ks ls dh gS] tks
loZFkk mfpr ,oa U;k; laxr izrhr gksrh gSA
¼2½ olUrlsuk
e`PNdfVd ds uk;d pk#nÙk ds pfj= dk o.kZu djus ds mijkUr f}rh; egRoiw.kZ pfj= ukf;dk olUrlsuk ds
fo’k; esa Hkh dqN mYys[k dj nsuk vuqi;qDr u gksxkA laLd`r ds vkpk;ks± us izdj.k lEcfU/kr y{k.kksa ds vUrxZr
ukf;dk ds fo/kku dh :ijs[kk Hkh j[kh gSA lkfgR;niZ.kdkj ds vuqlkj îzdj.k esa ukf;dk dgha dqy&dU;k gksrh
gS] dgha os”;k gksrh gS vkSj dgha nksuksa gksrh gSa ê`PNdfVd* ,d ,slk izdj.k gS ftlesa dqy L=h rFkk xf.kdk nks
ukf;dk,a gSaA blesa dqy L=h /kwrk rFkk xf.kdk ds :i esa olUrlsuk gSA ijUrq /kwrk izLrqr izdj.k esa uke ek= ds
fy;s gSa] okLrfod ukf;dk rks olUrlsuk gh gSA
olUrlsuk ,d vlk/kkj.k :iorh] uo;kSouk os”;kiq=h gSA ;g mldk nqHkkZX; gS fd og xf.kdk dqy ls
mRiUu gSA ijUrq fQj Hkh mlds vius n`<+ ladYi rFkk iz;Ruksa ds QyLo:i vius vkidks dqyo/kw ds ;ksX;
izekf.kr fd;k gSA ukVd esa mldk ifjp; gesa loZizFke mTtf;uh ds jktekxZ esa gksrk gS tc fd og jkf= ds
vU/kdkj esa “kdkj o mlds lkfFk;ksa }kjk ihNk dh tkrh gqbZ rFkk muls vius vkidks cpkus gsrq Hkkxrh gqbZ
fn[kkbZ iM+rh gSA “kdkj mlds izfr dkeklDr gS rFkk mldh izkfIr ds fy, iz;Ru”khy gS] mlus bl ?kVuk ds
iwoZ Hkh dkensok;ru m|ku esa dUniZiwtk egksRlo ds volj ij mlds pfj= dks nwf’kr djus dk iz;kl fd;k
FkkA ml le; pk#nÙk }kjk mldh j{kk dh xbZ Fkh rFkk mlh le; ls og pk#nÙk ls izHkkfor gksdj mlds
izfr vuqjDr gks xbZ FkhA “kdkj dks iqu% volj izkIr gksrk gS rFkk og mldk ihNk djrk gS] ijUrq olUrlsuk
ds fo’k; esa “kdkj o mlds lkfFk;ksa dh xyr /kkj.kk gSA os mls lkekU; xf.kdk le>rs gSa tks fd loZHkksX;k
gksrh gSA “kdkj mls Ø; oLrq le> dj mlds lkFk je.k djuk pkgrk gSA
olUrlsuk ân; ls ifo= ,oa lPpfj=k gSA og lkekU; xf.kdk ds leku thou ;kiu djuk ugh pkgrh
vfirq lekt esa viuk izfrf’Br LFkku cukuk pkgrh gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd og laLFkkud tSls jktoYyHk dks
Bqdjk dj vius “kq) ,oa xaHkhj izse dk ifjp; nsrh gSA ekrk dh xf.kdk o`fÙk ds dkj.k mls foiqy lEifÙk izkIr
gS] ijUrq mldk ân; bl xfgZr thfodk ds izfr fonzksg dj mBrk gSA jkt”;ky laLFkkud ds }kjk Hksth xbZ
Lo.kZjkf”k rFkk cqykus ds fy, xkM+h Hkstus ij og Øq) gks tkrh gS rFkk psVh ls rqjUr dgrh gS & ^^tkdj
ekrkth ls dg nks fd ;fn os eq>s thfor ns[kuk pkgrh gSa] rks iqu% ,slh vkK u nsaA** “kdkj }kjk viuk euksjFk
O;Dr djus ij og Øks/k ls fryfeyk tkrh gS vkSj dgrh gS & ^”kkara ! “kkara ! visfg] vuk¸;± ea=;flA* bl
izdkj “kdkj] mlds /ku rFkk Lo.kZ dk mlds fy, dksbZ egÙo ugha gSaA
bdkbZ&1 14
og /ku ds LFkku ij xq.kksa dh mikfldk gSA foV ds }kjk os”;kvksa dh len`f’V dk dFku fd;s tkus ij
og mls “kkUr Hkko ls ,d gh okD; esa izse ds izknqHkkZo dk dkj.k crykrh gS] mlds vuqlkj ^^xq.k gh vuqjkx dk
dkj.k gS cykRdkj ughaA** vius izse dk nku og xq.koku~ O;fDr dks gh nsuk pkgrh gSA mldh bl Hkkouk dk
Li’Vhdj.k gesa izdj.k ds f}rh; vad esa enfudk ds lkFk gqbZ mldh okrkZ ds vUrxZr gks tkrk gSA okrkZ ds
vUrxZr enfudk mlds ân; dh ckr dks tkuus ds iz;Ru Lo:i mlls izkjaHk esa iz.k; dks ysdj jktoYyHk]
czkã.k] O;kikjh bR;kfn ds fo’k; esa iz”u djrh gSA enfudk ds ;g iwNus ij fd D;k og dksbZ jktk vFkok
jktoYyHk gS] tks rqEgkjs }kjk dkenso egksRlo esa vuqx`ghr gqvk gS] og bl izdkj mÙkj nsrh gS & ^^l[kh je.k
djuk pkgrh gwa] lsok djuk ughaA** bl izdkj ;|fi mldk eq[; /;s; je.k djuk gS] ijUrq ;g je.k
foosdkfJr gS] ml je.ksPNk esa /ku iz/kku u gksdj xq.k iz/kku gSA okrkZyki ds vUrxZr pk#nÙk fo’k;d vuqjfDr
dks Lohdj dj ysus ij] enfudk }kjk pk#nÙk dks tc fu/kZu crk;k tkrk gS] rc og rRdky mÙkj nsrh gS &
^^blhfy;s rks eSa mUgsa pkgrh gwaA fu/kZu iq#’k esa vklDr gksus okyh os”;k lalkj esa fuUnuh; ugha le>h tkrhA**
ewyr% mlds iz.k; thou dk ;gh ewyk/kkj gSA mls ;g irk gS fd og os”;k gS rFkk ;fn og /ku ds yksHk ls
fdlh ds lkFk je.k djrh gS rks lekt esa og fuUnuh; le>h tk;sxh vkSj vius y{; ^dqy&o/kw* in dks ugha
izkIr dj ldsxhA mlds ân; esa iz.k; ds lEcU/k esa ogh fl)kUr tek gqvk gS tks cgqr ckn esa gesa HkoHkwfr ds
ukVd mÙkjjkepfjr esa ns[kus dks feyrk gS & ^^xq.kk% iwtkLFkkua xqf.k’kq u p fyax u p o;%A** ;gh dkj.k gS fd
izLrkouk esa Hkh mls xq.kkuqjDrk xf.kdk dgk x;k gSA
bl izdkj olUrlsuk xq.kkuqjksf/kuh gS] ijUrq os”;k gksus ds dkj.k pk#nÙk rFkk “kdkj nksuksa esa mlds
iz.k; dks ysdj xyr /kkj.kk cuh gqbZ gS] ,d vksj pk#nÙk dks ;g ekufld ladksp gS fd og fu/kZu gSA vr%
olUrlsuk mls izkI; ugha gS] nwljh vksj “kdkj dks ;g xyr /kkj.k cuh gqbZ gS fd og /ku&/kkU; ls lEiUu gS
rFkk jktk dk lkyk gS] vr% olUrlsuk mlh ds miHkksx ds ;ksX; gSA mls D;k ekywe gS fd mlds fy,
olUrlsuk ds ân; esa fdafpr~ ek= Hkh LFkku ugha gS rFkk mlds iz.k; dk nsork rks xq.k lEiUu pk#nÙk gh gSA
ijUrq bl iz.k; ds nsork dks izkIr djus esa mls fdruk R;kx djuk iM+k gS og mYys[kuh; gSA nwljs
“kCnksa esa mldk ;g iz.k;&thou fojks/kksa ls Hkjk gS ftlesa fd “kdkj lc ls cM+s dkaVs ds :i esa mlds lkeus
vkrk gS] ijUrq olUrlsuk us bu fojks/kksa dk MV dj eqdkcyk fd;k gSA mlus “kq: ls gh yEiV “kdkj dk
lkeuk fd;k gSA mlus mls dHkh dksbZ ,slk volj ugha fn;k fd og viuh pky esa mls Qalk dlsA izFke vad
esa rks og viuh prqjkbZ ,oa “kdkj dh xyrh ls cp fudyrh gS] ijUrq v’Ve vad esa nqHkkZX; ds dkj.k tc og
mlds paxqy esa iqu% Qal tkrh gS] rc og fuHkhZdrk ls mldk eqdkcyk djrh gSA “kdkj tc mlls cykr~ iz.k;
gsrq Lohd`fr pkgrk gS rc og vR;Ur rhoz ,oa HkRlZuk ds “kCnksa esa mls ;g dg dj Mk¡Vrh gS& ^^gs [ky ! rqe
pfj= esa v/ke gksA nks’kksa ds vkdj gksA eq>s /ku dk yksHk D;ksa ns jgs gks \ lqUnj pfj= rFkk ifo= “kjhj okys
dey dks NksM+dj D;k Hkzej vkSj dgha tk ldrk gS \ --------- vkezikni dh lsok ds i”pkr~ eSa iyk”k dks Lohdkj
ugha d:¡xhA** “kdkj dks dgs x, mDr okD;ksa esa mldh pkfjf=d n`<+rk Li’V:is.k >ydrh gSA “kdkj }kjk
mlds o”k esa fd, tkus ds vU; Hkh dbZ mik; fd;s tkrs gSa] ijUrq lHkh mik;ksa dks og foQy cuk nsrh gSA
vUr esa og mls izk.kk?kkr dh dlkSVh ij ij[kuk pkgrk gS] ijUrq olUrlsuk ogka Hkh fopfyr ugha gksrh vkSj
vius izk.kksa dks U;kSNkoj djus gsrq rRij gks tkrh gSA
og izfr’Bk dks thou dk izeq[k y{; le>rh gS rFkk ^dqyo/kw* cuus ds vius ladYi dks fdlh Hkh
fLFkfr esa iw.kZ djuk pkgrh gSA ml le; mldh fLFkfr oSlh gh gksrh gS] tSlh fd jkek;.k esa jko.k ds tky esa
Qalh lhrk dhA vUrj dsoy ;gh gS fd og tUe ls os”;k gS tks fd lekt dh n`f’V esa ifrr gS] m/kj lhrk
jke dh iRuh gksus ds ukrs iwT;k FkhA
okLro esa ;fn ns[kk tk;s rks olUrlsuk dk pfj= dkfynkl dh “kdqUryk rFkk HkoHkwfr dh lhrk ls Hkh
c<+ dj izrhr gksrk gSA og êkyrh&ek/ko* dh ekyrh dh rjg ijra= ckfydk ugha gS vkSj ^vfHkKku $
“kkdqUrye~* dh “kdqUryk dh rjg Hkksyh dqekjh Hkh ugha gSA mldk lkE; ;fn dqN gS rks ^foØeksZoZ”kh;* dh
moZ”kh dhA fdUrq ;g moZ”kh ftruh foykfluh izrhr ugha gksrhA bldk thou rks R;kx ls iw.kZ gSA moZ”kh dk
izseh ,d egku~ jktk gS tcfd olUrlsuk ds ân; dk Lokeh ,d fu/kZu czkã.kA okLro esa cqf)eÙkk]
izR;qRiUuefrRo vkSj “kkyhurk esa og moZ”kh ls c<+dj gSA laiw.kZ :i ls ns[kus ij ;g lEiw.kZ laLd`r lkfgR; esa
,d vf}rh; pfj= gSA
¼3½ eS=s;&fonw’kd
Ükàxkj jl okys uk;d ds lgk;dksa esa ^fonw’kd* dk egÙoiw.kZ LFkku gSA laLd`r y{k.k xzUFkksa esa fonw’kd ds fo’k;
esa tks fy[kk x;k gS muesa izk;% lekurk gS rFkk lHkh xzUFkdkjksa us fonw’kd dks gkL; jl ds mRiknd ds :i esa
ekuk gSA fo”oukFk ds vuqlkj ^fdlh Qwy vFkok olarkfnd ij ftldk uke gks] tks vius dk;Z] nsg] os’k] Hkk’kk
bR;kfn ls galkus okys gks] nwljksa ds yM+kus esa vkuUn ysrk gks vkSj vius eryc ds dk;ks± esa fuiq.k rFkk prqj gks]
og fonw’kd dgykrk gSA /kuat; us vU; fo”ks’krkvksa dk mYys[k u djds Li’V :i ls mls ukVd ds etkfd;k
ik= ds :i esa crk;k gSA
e`PNdfVd dk pk#nÙk of.kx~ uk;d gS vkSj eS=s; mldk fonw’kd gSA eS=s; dk fouksn gkftj&tokch gS]
lkFk gh xf.kdkvksa dh og vR;kf/kd galh mM+krk gS] ysfdu eS=s; dks “kB ugha dgk tk ldrk gSA vkSj cká
:i ;k os”k dh dq:irk eS=s; esa gksuk Hkh vlk/kkj.k oSf”k’V~; ugha gSA lHkh ukVddkjksa us “kkjhfjd fod`fr vkSj
i;kZ; ls os”k dh fofp=rk dks fouksn fufeZfr dk ,d vko”;d vax ekudj vius fonw’kd esa mldk iz;ksx fd;k
gSA vr% mlh ds vuq:i ê`PNdfVd* ds fonw’kd eS=s; esa Hkh “kkjhfjd fod`fr dk xq.k fo|eku gSA “kdkj ds
“kCnksa esa mldk flj dkSos ds iSj tSlk gSA u dsoy “kdkj vfirq og Lo;a Hkh vius flj dks ÅaV ds ?kqVus dh
miek nsrk gSA bl izdkj ;g Li’V gS fd ijEijkuqlkj e`PNdfVd dk fonw’kd Hkh vlqUnj gSA
eS=s; tUe ls czkã.k gS vr% og oSfnd ea=ksa rFkk ;Kkfn /kkfeZd fØ;kvksa dk tkudj gS] ijUrq og vU;
dqN fonw’kdksa dh rjg [kkyh iafMrkbZ dk Lokax rFkk vFkZghu cM+Iiu dh ckrsa ugha djrkA ;g vo”; gS fd
mldh ckrksa esa czkã.k gksus ds dkj.k bu ckrksa dk dbZ ckj LokHkkfod :i ls iz;ksx gqvk gSA mnkgj.k ds :i esa
tc og olUrlsuk ds pcwrjs ij Åa?kus okys }kjiky dks ns[krk gS rks mls Jksf=; dh miek iznku djrk gSA
laLd`r i<+us okyh L=h vkSj dkdyh xkus okys iq#’k dks ns[kdj mls galh vkrh gS rFkk og mu nksuksa ij
fVIi.kh djrs gq, dgrk gS fd ^ftl izdkj ukd esa ufFka;k Mkyus ij xk;sa lwa lwa djrh gS] mlh rjg laLd`r
i<+us okyh L=h jVrh jgrh gS vkSj dksey vkokt esa xkus okyk iq#’k] lw[ks Qwyksa dh ekyk igus gq;s vkSj ea=
tius okys cw<s+ iqjksfgr ds leku izrhr gksrk gSA** olUrlsuk ds egy esa i;ZVu dk volj izkIr dj og vR;Ur
izlUu gksrk gS rFkk vius HkkX; dh ljkguk djrk gS fd ^jko.k tSls ijkØeh jktk dks iq’id foeku dh izkfIr
ds fy, dM+h riL;k djuh iM+h Fkh] ysfdu mls fcuk ifjJe ds olUrlsuk ds LoxZrqY; izklkn esa vdM+ dj
?kweus dks feyk gSA**
;|fi eS=s; ;Kfof/k] ti&ri vkfn dk Kkrk gS] ijUrq bu d`R;ksa esa mls dksbZ fo”ks’k #fp ugha gSA ;gh
dkj.k gS fd pk#nÙk }kjk ekr` nsfo;ksa ds fy, cfy p<+kus ds fy;s dgus ij og izfrokn djrk gqvk dgrk gS
fd ^^tc bl izdkj iwtk djus ij Hkh nsork pk#nÙk ds Åij izlUu ugha gksrs rc leLr iwtk&vpZuk O;FkZ gSA**
blh lanHkZ esa og vkxs dgrk gS fd êq> czkã.k dh leLr fØ;k,a foijhr gh izfrQfyr gksrh gSa] tSls niZ.k esa
izfrfcfEcr var foijhr fn[kkbZ iM+rsa gSaA**
bdkbZ&1 16
eS=s; dks czkã.k gksus ls viuh fLFkfr dks ges”kk /;ku jgrk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd o/kZekud }kjk mls
pk#nÙk ds iSj /kksus ds fy, dgus ij og >V ls mNy dj dgrk gS & ^^;g lsod gS] blfy, mldk ikuh
ykuk Bhd gSA ysfdu eq> tSls czkã.k dks nwljs ds iSj /kksus ds fy, ;g dgrk gS] bldk rkRi;Z D;k \** bl
izdkj czkã.k gksus dk xoZ mlesa i;kZIr ek=k esa gSaA
laLd`r ukVdksa ds vU; fonw’kdksa dh Hkkafr mDr izdj.k dk fonw’kd Hkh Hkkstufiz; o isVw gSA ukVd ds
izkjaHk esa lw=/kkj ;gh tkudj mls Hkkstu gsrq vkefU=r djrk gSA ;|fi eS=s; vkea=.k dks vLohdkj dj nsrk gS]
D;ksafd igys ls gh mls nwljk fuea=.k fey pqdk gS] rFkkfi pk#nÙk ds iqjkus oSHko ds fnuksa esa vius [kk, gq,
lqxfU/kr ,oa euksje eksndksa rFkk ukukfo/k O;atuksa ds Lej.k ls og O;fFkr gksrk gSA prqFkZ vad esa tc og
olUrlsuk ds izklkn ds fofHkUu izdks’Bksa dks ns[krk gS rc og vk”p;Z dh eqnzk esa fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA egy ds oSHko
dks ns[kdj eS=s; dh vka[ksa pkSaf/k;k tkrh gSa] ysfdu ;g oSHko vkSj “kksHkk ns[krs gq, eS=s; tc jlksbZ?kj ds ikl
igqaprk gS rc lpeqp mldh ykj Vidus yxrh gSA fgaxq&rSy dh xa/k] vusd izdkj dh lqjfHk;ksa ls lqxfU/kr
/kwi dh xa/k] [kk| nzO;ksa dh xa/k rFkk eksndksa ,oa ekyiwvksa dh NVk mls vR;Ur mRlqd cuk nsrh gS vkSj mldk
fpÙk mUgsa p[kus ds fy, rjlus yxrk gSA ;g lc ns[kdj og dg mBrk gS & ^^gk ! gk ! olUrlsuk dk ?kj
izR;{k LoxZ gSA**
olUrlsuk dh LFkwydk; foLrh.kZ mnj okyh ekrk dks ns[kdj mls bZ’;kZ gksrh gS rFkk og dgrk gS fd
mls oSlk gh e/kqj ,oa Lokfn’V Hkkstu Hkj isV feyrk] pkgs Hkys gh og Hkh ^^pkSfFk;k** jksx ls ihfM+r D;ksa u gks
tkrkA og tc rd olUrlsuk ds egy esa jgrk gS rc rd mlds eu esa ;gh bPNk cuh jgrh gS fd dksbZ mls
vkdj Hkkstu ds fy, vkxzg djs] ysfdu ,slh HkykbZ dksbZ Hkh ugha fn[kkrk vkSj eS=s; dh bPNk eu gh eu esa jg
tkrh gSA olUrlsuk ds ?kj dk ;g vkfrF;ghu O;ogkj mlds eu esa ges”kk ds fy, jg tkrk gSA bl izdkj
eS=s; ds Hkkstu izse esa yksHkh o`fÙk gksus ds lkFk&lkFk mlesa d#.kk dh Hkkouk Hkh fNih gqbZ gSaA mlds “kCnksa esa
gkL; rÙo gksus ds ckotwn Hkh muds ihNs d#.kk dh Hkkouk vo”; fo|eku gSA
vU; fonw’kdksa dh Hkkafr eS=s; Hkh Hkh: izd`fr dk gSA og Hkh:iu ds dkj.k vU/ksjs esa nhi p<+kus ds fy,
vdsys ?kj ls ckgj Hkh fudyuk ilan ugha djrk] bl dk;Z ds fy;s og jnfudk dks lkFk ysdj tkrk gSA
olUrlsuk dks jkf= esa ?kj igqapkus ds fy, Hkh og blfy, gh rS;kj ugha gqvk D;ksafd mls bl ckr dk Mj Fkk
fd og dqÙks ds leku ckgj ekj u fn;k tk,A bl izdkj Hk; dh Hkkouk eS=s; ds vUr%dj.k esa xgjh teh gqbZ
gSA ;g lc dqN gksrs gq, Hkh le; vkus ij og Hk; ds ?ksjs ls ckgj fudydj lkgl dk ifjp; nsrk gSA uoe
vad esa U;k;/kh”k ds lUeq[k ftl lkgl ds lkFk mlus U;k;k/kh”k rFkk “kdkj dks yrkM+k gS og oLrqr% iz”kaluh;
gSA
¼4½ jkt”;ky&laLFkkud ¼”kdkj½
jkt”;ky laLFkkud ,d fofp= ik= gSA lewps laLd`r lkfgR; esa ,sls pfj= dk feyuk izk;% vlaHko gSA og
izLrqr izdj.k dk izfruk;d gSA mldh eukso`fÙk;ka fgalkyq rFkk izsj.kk,a ik”kfod gSaA mlds ân; rFkk ok.kh esa
,d izdkj dh dqfVyrk gSA mldk pfj= vR;Ur ?k`.kkLin gSA og izFke Js.kh dk ew[kZ gSA mldh ew[kZrk mldh
ik”kfod /kwrZrk ds }kjk Li’V gS] og viuh “kfDr ,oa MkaV&MiV ds }kjk iz.k; djuk pkgrk gSA “kdkj
f}fo/kkvksa o fojks/kksa dk ,d lewg gS tks fd ftruh Hkzedkjh gSa mruh gh Hk;adj HkhA og nq’V nEHkh] nqfoZuhr ,oa
nqjkpkjh gSA
mldh ok.kh dh Hkh ,d izeq[k fo”ks’krk gS] ftls dkj.k laLFkkud ds LFkku ij mldk miuke ^”kdkj*
iM+k gSA og izk;% ^l* ds LFkku ij ^”k* dk mPpkj.k djrk gSA mnkgj.kkFkZ og olUrlsuk dks o”kUrlsuk dgrk
gSA blds lkFk gh ,d gh izlax esa og vusd lekukFkZd “kCnksa ds iz;ksx dk Hkh “kkSdhu gSA olUrlsuk dh Hkzkafr
esa jnfudk ds ds”k idM+ dj og dsoy ^ds”k* “kCn dk iz;ksx djds gh larq’V ugha gksrk vfirq ^cky o
f”kjks:g* “kCnksa dk iz;ksx Hkh djrk gSA oSls gh Hkkxrh olUrlsuk dks jksdrs gq, og ênu* ^vuax* êUeFk*
îzL[kyUrh* tSls i;kZ;ksa dk ,d gh Loj esa dFku djrk gSA blh izdkj olUrlsuk ds nkSM+us ds fy, ^;kfl*
/kkofl îyk;ls* dk iz;ksx Hkh n`’VO; gSA viuh iz”kalk gsrq og vius dks ^nsoiq#’k] euq’; rFkk oklqnso* ,d gh
lkal esa dg tkrk gSA olUrlsuk ds fy, mlus nl uke j[ks gSaA ,slk tku iM+rk gS tSls og bu ukeksa esa
bUnztkyh izHkko dk vf/k’Bku ekurk gSA lkFk gh og “kCn lEcU/kh viuh fo}Ùkk Hkh iznf”kZr djuk pkgrk gSA
“kdkj u dsoy dke fiiklq gh gS vfirq blds lkFk&lkFk Lokn yksyqi Hkh gSA ,slk yxrk gS ekuks
ftg~ok r`’.kk vkSj dke r`’.kk esa ?kfu’B lEcU/k gSA blh dke :ih Hkw[k dks “kkUr djus ds fy, og olUrlsuk
dk ihNk ,d ikxy dh rjg djrk gS rFkk blesa Hkh lansg ugha fd mlus ,d lH; ukxfjd ds :i esa
olUrlsuk ds iz.k; dks izkIr djus dh bPNk gsrq ,d xkM+h rFkk cgqewY; HksaV Hkh Hksth gS] ijUrq og iz.k; ftl
<ax ls djuk pkgrk gS] og <ax vekuoh; gSA og mÌs”; dh “kh?kz izkfIr esa fo”okl j[krk gS] /kS;Z uke dh dksbZ
oLrq mlesa ugha gSA og dkekU/k gS rFkk mldh dkeqdrk bruh xgjh ,oa ve;kZfnr gS fd og jktiq#’k gksrs gq,
Hkh os”;k ;qorh ds “khyHkax dk Li’V:is.k iz;Ru djrk gSA oLrqr% og izse ds eeZ dks ugha tkurk gS rFkk
okluk dh ifjrqf’V gh mldk ije y{; gSA mlus dHkh Hkh “kkUr ân; ls olUrlsuk ds fo’k; esa ugha lkspk
rFkk ges”kk gh mls xyr le>kA mlds ikl okLro esa ân; gS gh ughaA og dsoy dke ls larIr gS rFkk
;su&dsu&izdkjs.k viuh dkekfXu “kkUr djuk pkgrk gSA izse dh fLuX/krk ,oa lqdqekjrk dk og dk;y ugha gSA
“kk;n og viuh {kq/kk “kkUr djus gsrq f”k’V mipkjksa dh mikns;rk esa fo”okl u j[kdj rkRdkfyd fØ;k esa
fo”okl j[krk gSA LoHkko ls nEHkh ,ao nqfoZuhr gksus ds dkj.k og bl vkn”kZ ds ikyu dks egÙo nsrk gS &
^^yypkvks] Qqlykvks] xf.kdk eku tk, rks vPNk gh gS] vU;Fkk] fujUrj rkd esa jgks] [knsM+ks] idM+ks] /kedkvks
vkSj fey tk, rks okluk dh vkx dks Hkjiwj cq>k yksA** og vf”k’V mipkjksa rFkk Mjkus /kedkus esa vf/kd
fo”okl j[krk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd og vius lkfFk;ksa lfgr] lM+d ij mldk ihNk djrk gSA okLrfodrk ;g
gS fd og “kfDr rFkk /ku ds en esa vU/kk gS rFkk ryokj ds cy ij iz.k; pkgrk gSA mls ;g ekywe ugha fd
fdlh dk ân; fdl izdkj thrk tk ldrk gS] og iz.k; ds eSnku esa vHkh ukSflf[k;k&lk n`f’Vxr gksrk gSA
“kdkj dh ,d vU; fo”ks’krk mldk vkRekfHkekuh gksuk gSA og nEHkh gS] fdUrq dk;j gSA og vius vki
dks nso iq#’k vkSj oklqnso le>rk gSA blds lkFk gh mls bl ckn dk Hkh iw.kZ xoZ gS fd og jktk dk lkyk gS]
tgka Hkh volj feyrk gS og bls dgus esa ugha pwdrk gSA og vius ^jkt”;ky* gksus dk ifjp; viuh ,d
fof”k’V Mhax Hkjh “kSyh esa nsrk gSA U;k;&e.Mi esa tkdj og U;k;k/kh”k ls viuk vuko”;d ifjp; nsrs le;]
cgu ds lkFk firk dks Hkh tksM+ ysrk gS & ^êSa fo”kky dqDdqj dqy esa mRiUu gqvk gw¡A esjs firk jktk ds “olqj
gSa] Lo;a jktk esjs firk ds tkekrk gSa] eSa jktk dk lkyk gw¡ vkSj jktk esjh cgu ds ifr gSaA** bl izdkj ds
vuko”;d ifjp; og dbZ LFkkuksa ij nsrk gSA ;g Hkh lR; gS fd psV ls ysdj U;k;laLFkk ds deZpkjh ,oa
vf/kdkjh rd mldk Hk; ekurs gSaA U;k;ky; esa tc “kks/kud loZizFke “kdkj dks ns[krk gS rc dfEir gks mBrk
gSA lkFk gh U;k;k/kh”kksa dks Hkh tc ;g lwpuk feyrh gS rc os O;kdqy gks tkrs gSaA U;k;k/kh”k }kjk tc lquokbZ
ds fy, fu’ks/k dj fn;k tkrk gS] ml le; og vius dks jktk dk lkyk gksus dh /kedh nsrk gS rFkk dgrk gS
fd ^ôg viuh cgu ds ifr jktk ikyd ls dg dj rFkk cgu ,oa ekrk ls dg dj U;k;k/kh”k dks in eqDr
djk nsxkA** ;g tkudkjh tc U;k;k/kh”k dks gksrh gS rc og Hkh Mj tkrk gS rFkk “kks/kud ls bl izdkj dg
dj mls okil cqyok ysrk gS & ^ôg ew[kZ lc dqN dj ldrk gSA dg nks] mlds vfHk;ksx ij vkt gh fopkj
gksxkA**
bdkbZ&1 18
Øwjrk ,oa dkeqdrk ds lkFk&lkFk ,d tks ckr gesa mlesa feyrh gS og gS mldk diVh gksukA og izFke
Js.kh dk /kwrZ gSA og fdlh Hkh izdkj ls rFkk gj dher ij olUrlsuk dks vius o”k esa djuk pkgrk gSA ;gka
rd fd dkekfXu “kkUr djus gsrq og olUrlsuk ds pj.kksa esa fxj tkrk gS rFkk fouhr Lojksa esa bl izdkj izkFkZuk
djrk gS & ^gs foLr`r ykspus ! gs fueZy nkarksa okyh ! gs euksgj vaxksa okyh ! eSa rqEgsa gkFk tksM+rk gw¡A eSaus
dkekrqj gksdj tks rqEgkjk vieku fd;k Fkk] mlds fy;s vc {kek pkgrk gw¡A eSa vc rqEgkjk lsod gks x;k gw¡A**
ijUrq olUrlsuk ij bu okD;ksa dk dqN izHkko ugha iM+rk gS] cfYd izR;qÙkj esa og mls pj.kksa ls ekjrh gS vkSj
nqRdkjrh gSA ,slh fLFkfr tc gksrh gS rc nq’V “kdkj viuh vafre eafty ij igaqp tkrk gS & og gS olUrlsuk
dh gR;kA og bruk /kwrZ gS fd gR;k dk dk;Z Lo;a u djds vU; ls djokuk pkgrk gS rFkk izyksHku rd nsrk
gSA og foV ls vuqjks/k djrk gS fd bl ,dkUr LFkku esa og olUrlsuk dks ekj ns D;ksafd ogka ,slk djrs gq,
mls dksbZ ugha ns[k jgk gSA blds ckn og psV dks fofHkUu izdkj ds izyksHku nsrk gS] ijUrq nksuksa ds lkFk tc
og foQy gks tkrk gS rc Lo;a bl u`”kal dk;Z dks djus gsrq dfVc) gksrk gSA og loZizFke mls ,dkUr LFkku
tkudj fofHkUu izdkj ds Hk; bR;kfn fn[kkrk gS rFkk dbZ rjg dh /kefd;k¡ nsrk gS] ijUrq olUrlsuk }kjk
ckj&ckj pk#nÙk dks gh viuk iz.k;h Lohdkj djus o mls [kjs&[kksVs “kCn dgus ij og ckS[kyk mBrk gS rFkk
pk#nÙk dks fofHkUu izdkj ds vi”kCn dgrs gq, vUr esa mldk xyk nck nsrk gSA mls tc rd lUrks’k ugha
feyrk rc rd fd og ewfPNZr gksdj i`Foh ij ugha fxj tkrhA fQj Hkh mldh euksdkeuk v/kwjh gh jg tkrh
gSA ml nq’V dh /kwrZrk o Øwj dkifVdrk ijkdk’Bk ij rc igqaprh gS tcfd og funksZ’k pk#nÙk ij ml gR;k
dk vlR; vkjksi yxk dj U;k;ky; esa >wBk vfHk;ksx izLrqr djrk gSA pk#nÙk dks e`R;qn.M fnykdj og
vR;Ur izlUu gksrk gS rFkk ml fnu fof”k’V Hkkstu xzg.k djrk gSA og bruk funZ;h ân;ghu ,oa gR;kjk gS
fd pk#nÙk ds lkFk mlds iq= jksglsu dks ns[kdj nksuksa dks ekjus gsrq tYyknksa ls dgrk gSA n;k nkf{k.;kfn
xq.kksa dk mlds ân; esa dksbZ LFkku ugha gSA og ekuo ds :i esa nkuo gSA
¼5½ “kfoZyd
“kfoZyd Hkh izLrqr izdj.k esa ,d egÙoiw.kZ ik= gSA izklafxd dFkkoLrq dk usrk gksus ls ge mls ukVd dk
mi&uk;d dg ldrs gSaA og tkfr ls czkã.k gS rFkk nku u ysus okys o pkjksa osnksa ds Kkrk czkã.k dk iq= gSA
mlds pfj= esa ,d ØkfUrdkjh vkSj izseh ds O;fDrRo dk leUo; gqvk gSA og vaxzsth dh bl mfDr dks pfjrkFkZ
djrk gS fd izes vkSj ;q) esa lc dqN mfpr gSA
tgka ØkfUrdkjh ds :i esa og vR;kpkjh jktk ikyd dh gR;k djrk gS ogka viuh izs;lh enfudk dks
nklrk ls eqDr djkus ds fy, pksjh djuk Hkh cqjk ugha le>rkA og ØkfUrdkjh ny dk usrk gS] jkT;&foIyo
“kfDr dk usrk gS] ijUrq jkT;fonzksg okyk lEiw.kZ dFkkud ijns ds ihNs pyrk gS] vr% “kfoZyd ds dÙkZO; dk
ifjp; n”kZd dks izR;{k esa de gh gks tkrk gSA mlds dÙkZO; dk iw.kZ :is.k ifj.kke n”kZd dks ukVd ds vfUre
vad esa gh gks ikrk gS tcfd og ikyd dks ekjdj xksikynkjd vk;Zd dks jkT;xÌh ij LFkkfir djrk gSA
foIyo dk usrk gksus ls fotJh mls gh izkIr gksrh gSA
jkT; foIyo dk usrk gksus ds vfrfjDr “kfoZyd izseh ân; Hkh gSA og ;|fi czkã.k ;qod gS] ijUrq
mldk izse enfudk ls gS tks fd os”;k olUrlsuk dh nklh gSA og mls nklhRo ls eqDr djokuk pkgrk gS vkSj
blh y{; dh iwfrZ gsrq gh og lfU/kfoPNsn dk lkgl Hkh djrk gSA
lsa/k yxkus dh fo|k esa og izoh.k gSA lsa/k yxkus okys lEiw.kZ izlax ls ;g Kkr gksrk gS fd mls pksjh
dh fu;fer f”k{kk izkIr gS rFkk og bl dk;Z esa vH;Lr Hkh gSA mlus lsa/k yxkrs le; Hkxoku dud “kfDr ds
crk, fu;eksa dk iw.kZr% ikyu fd;k gSA og vusd izdkj dh lsa/k yxkuk tkurk gS ftuesa fd ukVd esa mlus
iw.kZ dqaHk dh lsa/k yxkuk ilUn fd;k gSA lsa/k yxkrs le; tc mls LFkku dks ekius dh vko”;drk iM+rh gS rks
og iFkHkz’V gksdj ;Kksiohr dk iz;ksx lsa/k ekius esa djrk gSaA og lkglh bruk gS fd liZ }kjk vaxqyh ds dkV
fy;s tkus ij vaxqyh dks rRdky ;Ksiohr ls cka/k dj vius dk;Z esa yhu gks tkrk gSA ?kj esa pkjksa vksj ok|
;a=ksa dks ns[kdj og mls ukV~;kpk;Z dk ?kj le>rk gS rFkk eu esa ;g lkspdj nq%[kh gksrk gS fd mlus fu/kZu
ds ?kj esa lsa/k yxkbZ gSaA blh chp fonw’kd uhan esa cM+cM+krk gS] “kfoZyd izFke mls ekjus ds fy, lksprk gS]
ijUrq nwljs gh {k.k fopkj dks cny dj dgrk gS & ^^gekjs leku gh nhu bl lTtu iq#’k dks Dys”k nsuk
mfpr ugha gSA** bl izdkj ;|fi og iz.k; ds o”khHkwr gksdj pksjh dj jgk gS] ijUrq lTturk o mnkjrk mlds
eq[; pkfjf=d xq.k gSaA pksjh djus esa Hkh og czkã.k dk /ku ,oa ;K dh lkexzh dks ugha pqjkrk gS vkSj ekrk dh
xksn esa ckyd dk vigj.k ugha djrk gSA pk#nÙk dks Hkh nfjnz le> dj igys og NksM+ dj tkuk pkgrk gS]
fdUrq fQj fonw’kd }kjk xkS vkSj czkã.k dh “kiFk fnyk, tkus ij vkHkw’k.kksa dks xzg.k djrk gSA
bl izdkj ifjfLFkfro”k pkS;Z&dk;Z djus ij Hkh og vius pfj= ds xkSjo dks ugha Hkwy ldk gSA og
lPpk fe= gS] lPpk iz.k;h gS] midkj ds izfr d`rK gS] og izR;qidkj djus ds fy, Hkh ykykf;r gS vkSj lcls
cM+h ckr ;g gS fd os”;k& nkfldk dh izhfr esa Qalus ds ckotwn dkSVqfEcd ,oa xkgZfLFkd e;kZnk ds egÙo ds
izfr ltx gS & enfudk dks o/kw&:i esa izkIr dj ysus ds ckn olUrlsuk dks Hkh xkSjo ls foHkwf’kr dj nsrk gSA
• dfo “kwnzd ds O;fDrRo vkSj dr`ZRo ls voxr gks ik,axs(
• e`PNdfVd ukVd ds izFke ikap vadksa dh dFkkoLrq dh leh{kk dj ldsaxs(
• dfo “kwnzd dh ukV~;dyk dk fo”ys’k.k dj ik,axs(
• e`PNdfVd esa izfrfcfEcr lekt rFkk laLd`fr dh lekykspuk dj ik,axs(
• e`PNdfVd ds uk;d pk#nÙk ds pfj= ls voxr gks ik,axs(
• fonw’kd dk pfj=&fp=.k dj ik,axs(
• e`PNdfVd ds [kyuk;d “kdkj ds pkfjf=d xq.k rFkk voxq.kksa dk foospu dj ik,axsA
izFkeks·ad
i;±dxzfUFkcU/kf}xqf.krHkqtxk”ys’klaohrtkuks&
jUr%izk.kkojks/kO;qijrldyKku#)sfUnz;L;A
vkReU;kRekueso O;ixrdj.ka i”;rLrÙon`’Ók
“kaHkksoZ% ikrq “kwU;s{k.k?kfVry;czãyXu% lekf/k%AA1AA
vUo;% & i;±dxzfUFkcU/kf}xqf.krHkqtxk”ys’klaohrtkuks%] vUr%izk.kkojks/kO;qijrldy& Kku& #)sfUnz;L;]
rÙon`’VÓk] vkRefu] O;ixrdj.ke~] vkRekue~] ,o] i”;r%] “kEHkks%] “kwU;s{k.k?kfVry;czãyXu%] lekf/k%] o%] ikrqA
bdkbZ&1 20
vFkZ & î;±d* uked ,d fo”ks’k izdkj ds ;ksxklu dh eqnzk /kkj.k djus esa f}xqf.kr liZ ds yisVus ls ftl f”ko
ds ?kqVus dldj c¡/ks gq, gSa] ¼;kSfxd fØ;k ds }kjk½ izk.k vkfn ok;qvksa dks “kjhj ds Hkhrj gh jksd nsus ls
ftldh lHkh bfUnz;k¡ ¼ckgjh oLrqvksa ds½ Kku ls fuo`Ùk ,oa ¼fo’k;ksa ls½ la;r gks x;h gSa] ftUgksaus lPps Kku ds
}kjk vius Hkhrj bfUnz;kfn jfgr fo”kq) pSrU;:i dsoy ijekRek dks gh ns[kk gS( ml f”ko dh] fujkdkj ¼czã½
ds lk{kkRdkj djus ls gksus okyh ,dkxzrk ¼y;½ ds dkj.k czã esa yxh gq;h lekf/k vki lHkh ¼lHkk esa mifLFkr
yksxksa½ dh j{kk djsA
ikrq oks uhyd.BL; d.B% “;kekEcqnksie%A
xkSjhHkqtyrk ;= fo|qYys[kso jktrsAA2AA
vUo;% & ;=] xkSjhHkqtyrk] fo|qYys[kk] bo] jktrs] “;kekEcqnksie%] uhyd.BL;] d.B%] o%] ikrqA
vFkZ & ftlesa ¼d.B esa½ ikoZrh th dh ckgq&yrk fctyh dh iafDr dh Hkk¡fr lq”kksfHkr gksrh gS] og dkys cknyksa
ds leku “kadj th dk d.B vki lcdh j{kk djsA
f}jnsUnzxfr”pdksjus=% ifjiw.ksZUnqeq[k% lqfoxzg”pA
f}teq[;re% dfocZHkwo izfFkr% “kwnzd bR;xk/klÙo%AA3AA
vUo;% & f}jnsUnzxfr%] pdksjus=%] ifjiw.ksZUnqeq[k%] lqfoxzg%] p] f}teq[;re%] vxk/klÙo%] “kwnzd%] izfFkr%] dfo%]
cHkwoA
vFkZ & xtjkt ds leku erokyh xfr okys] ^pdksj* uked i{kh ds leku vk¡[kksa okys] iwf.kZek frfFk ds pUnzek
ds leku ¼euksgj½ e[kokys] lqUnj lqxfBr “kjhjokys] {kf=;ksa ¼f}tksa½ esa loZJs’B ,oa vxk/kcy”kkyh ^”kwnzd* uked
fo[;kr dfo gq,A
_Xosna lkeosna xf.kreFk dyka oSf”kdha gfLrf”k{kka
KkRok “koZizlknknO;ixrfrfejs p{kq’kh pksiyH;A
jktkua oh{; iq=a ijeleqn;suk”oes/ksu ps’V~ok
yC/ok pk;q% “krkCna n”kfnulfgra “kwnzdks·fXua izfo’V%AA4AA
vUo;% & _Xosne~] lkeosne~] xf.kre~] vFk] dyke~] oSf”kdhe~] gfLrf”k{kke~] KkRok] “koZizlknkr~] O;ixrfrfejs]
p{kq’kh] p] miyH;] iq=e~] jktkue~] oh{;] ijeleqn;su] v”oes/ksu] p] b’V~ok] n”kfnulfgre~] “krkCne~] vk;q%] p]
yC/ok] “kwnzd%] vfXue~] izfo’V%A
vFkZ & ¼bl izdj.k ds jpf;rk½ “kwnzd dfo _Xosn] lkeosn] xf.kr] u`R;xhr vkfn pkSalB dykvksa] ukVÓ”kkL=
,oa gfLrlapkyu dh f”k{kk dks izkIr djds( Hkxoku “kadj dh dìk ls vKku :ih vU/kdkj ls jfgr us=ksa
Kku:ih us=ksa dks ikdj( vius iq= dks jktk ds :i esa ns[kdj vFkkZr~ vius iq= dks jktflagklu ij cSBkdj ,oa
ije mUufr djus okys ^v”oes/k* ;K dks djds( lkS o’kZ nl fnu dh vk;q ikdj ¼vUr esa½ vfXu esa izfo’V gks
x;sA
lejO;luh izekn”kwU;% ddqnks osnfonka riks/ku”pA

ijokj.kckgq;q)yqC/k% f{kfriky% fdy “kwnzdks cHkwoAA5AA
vUo;% & “kwnzd%] lejO;luh] izekn”kwU;%] osnfonke~] ddqn%] riks/ku%] p] ijokj.kckgq &;q)yqC/k%] f{kfriky%] cHkwo]
fdyA
vFkZ & ^”kwnzd* ;q) djus ds izseh ¼vH;klh½] vlko/kkuh jfgr vFkkZr~ loZnk lrdZ] osn ds Kkrkvksa esa Js’B]
riL;k dks gh viuk /ku le>us okys vFkkZr~ riLoh] “k=qvksa ds gkfFk;ksa ds lkFk ckgq;q) djus ds yksHkh rFkk
iztkikyd jktk FksA
vofUriq;k± f}tklkFkZokgks ;qok nfjnz% fdy pk#nÙk%A
xq.kkuqjDrk xf.kdk p ;L; olUr”kksHkso olUrlsukAA6AA
vUo;% & vofUriq;kZe~] f}tlkFkZokg%] nfjnz%] ;qok] pk#nÙk%] fdy] ;L;] xq.kuqjDrk] olUr”kksHkk] bo] olUrlsuk]
xf.kdk] pA
vFkZ & mTtf;uh uxjh esa igys O;kikjh&czkã.k fdUrq ckn esa fu/kZu ;qod ^pk#nÙk* jgrk Fkk] ftlds xq.kksa ls
vuqjDr] olUr _rq dh “kksHkk ds leku ôlUrlsuk* uked os”;k Hkh ogk¡ FkhA
r;ksfjna lRlqjrksRlokJ;a u;izpkja O;ogkjnq’Vrke~A
[kyLoHkkoa HkforO;rka rFkk pdkj lo± fdy “kwnzdks uì%AA7AA
vUo;% & bne~] r;ks%] lRlqjrksRlokJ;e~] “kwnzd%] uì%] u;izpkje~] O;ogkjnq’Vrke~] [kyLoHkkoe~] rFkk]
HkforO;rke~] loZe~] pdkj] fdyA
vFkZ & ;g ê`PNdfVde~* uked izdj.k mu nksuksa ¼pk#nÙk vkSj olUrlsuk½ dh mÙke fogkj&yhyk
¼lEHkksxyhyk½ dk voyEcu djds fy[kk x;k gSA jktk ^”kwnzd* us blesa uhfr dh xfr nq’Vksa ds nks’kiw.kZ vkpj.k]
nqtZuksa ds pfj= rFkk HkkX;&bu lcdk o.kZu ¼iz.k;u½ fd;k gSA
“kwU;eiq=L; x`ga fpj”kwU;a ukfLr ;L; lfUe=e~A
ew[kZL; fn”k% “kwU;k% lo± “kwU;a nfjnzL;AA8AA
vUo;% & viq=L;] x`ge~] “kwU;e~] ;L;] lfUe=e~] u vfLr] fpj”kwU;e~] eq[kZL;] fn”k%] “kwU;k%] nfjnzL;] loZe~]
“kwU;e~A
vFkZ & iq=ghu O;fDr dk ?kj lwuk gS vFkkZr~ ckyd ds fcuk fdlh Hkh O;fDr dk ?kj lwuk yxrk gS] ftl O;fDr
ds lPps fe= ugha gSa mldk ¼Hkh½ ?kj lnk ls lwuk gSA ew[kZ ds fy;s lHkh fn”kk,¡ lwuh ¼vkJ;jfgr½ gSa vkSj fu/kZu
ds fy, lc dqN lwuk gSA ;gh dj.k gS fd esjs uV ,oa pkj.k vkfn vfHku; djus okys O;fDr eq>dks fu/kZu
le>dj viuh bPNk ds vuqlkj fopj.k djrs gSaA
;klka cfy% lifn en~x`gnsgyhuka
galS”p lkjlx.kS”p foyqIriwoZ%A
rkLoso laizfr fo:<r`.kkdqjklq
chtkatfy% irfr dhVeq[kkoyh<%AA9AA
vUo;% & ;klke~] en~x`gnsgyhuke~] cfy%] lifn%] galS%] p] lkjlx.kS%] foyqIriwoZ%] lEizfr] o:<r`.kkadqjklq] rklq]
,o] dhVeq[kkoyh<%] chtkatfy%] irfrA
bdkbZ&1 22
vFkZ & pk#nÙk ¼Åij dh vksj ns[kdj vkSj nq%[k ds lkFk yEch lk¡l ysdj½
esjs ?kj dh ftu nsgfy;ksa ij j[ks x;s iwtk ds v{kr vkfn inkFkZ igys ¼esjh lEiUu n”kk esa½ gal vkSj ljlksa ds
}kjk ¼[kk;s tkdj½ lekIr dj fn;s tkrs Fks( vkt ¼fu/kZurk dh voLFkk esa½ mxs gq, r`.kkadqjksa ls ;qDr mUgha
nsgfy;ksa ij dhM+ksa ds eq[k&}kjk [kk;s gq, chtksa dh vatfy fxjrh gSA
lq[ka fg nq%[kkU;uqHkw; “kksHkrs ?kukU/kdkjsf’oo nhin”kZue~A
lq[kkÙkq ;ks ;kfr ujks nfjnzrka /k`r% “kjhjs.k e`r% l thofrAA10AA
vUo;% & ?kukU/kdkjs’kq] nhin”kZue~] bo] nq%[kkfu] vuqHkw;] lq[ke~] fg] “kksHkrs] ;%] uj%] lq[kkr~] nfjnzrke~] ;kfr] l%]
“kjhjs.k%] /k`Ùk%] vfi] e`r%] ¼bo½] thofrA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & fe= ! ?kus vU/kdkj esa nhid ds izdk”k dh Hkk¡fr nq%[kksa dk vuqHko djus ds vuUrj lq[k
“kksfHkr gksrk gSA fdUrq tks euq’; lq[k Hkksx djds fu/kZurk dks izkIr gksrk gS og rks “kjhj ls jgrk gqvk Hkh
vFkkZr~ “kjhj /kkj.k djrs gq, Hkh e`rd ds leku thou O;rhr djrk gSA
nkfjnz;kUej.kk}k ej.ka ee jksprs u nkfjnzÓe~A
vYiDys”ka ej.ka nkfjnzÓeuUrda nq%[ke~AA11AA
vUo;% & nkfjnzÓkr~] ej.kkr~] ok] ee] ej.ke~] jksprs] nkfjnzÓe~] u ¼;r%½] ej.ke~] vYiDys”ke~] ¼vfLr½] nkfjnzÓe~]
vuUrde~] nq%[ke~ ¼vfLr½A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & fe= ! nfjnzrk vkSj e`R;q esa ls eq>s e`R;q vPNh yxrh gS] nfjnzrk ughaA e`R;q de d’Vokyh
gksrh gS] fdUrq nfjnzrk dHkh u lekIr gksus okyk nq%[k gS vFkkZr~ nfjnzrk esa thou i;ZUr nq%[k Hkksxuk iM+rk gSA
,rÙkq eka ngfr ;n~x`geLenh;a
{kh.kkFkZfeR;frFk;% ifjotZ;fUrA
la”kq’dlkUnzenys[kfeo HkzeUr%
dkykR;;s e/kqdjk% dfj.k% diksye~AA12AA
vUo;% & HkzeUr%] e/kqdjk%] dkykR;;s] la”kq’dlkUnzenys[ke~] dfj.k%] diksye~] bo] vfrFk;%] {kh.kkFkZe~] bfr] ;r~]
vLenh;e~] x`ge~] ifjotZ;fUr] ,rr~] rq] eke~] ngfrA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & fe= ! /ku u’V gks tkus ds fo’k; esa eq>s nq%[k ugha gSA ns[kks &
eq>s ;g ckr lUrIr dj jgh gS fd gekjs ?kj dks /ku ls jfgr le> dj vfrfFk yksx bldk mlh izdkj ls
ifjR;kx djrs gSa] ftl izdkj ¼en cgus ds½ le; ds chr tkus ij e¡Mjkus okys HkkSajs lw[kh gqbZ xk<+h en dh
/kkjk okys gkFkh ds x.MLFky ¼diksy½ dks R;kx nsrs gSaA
lR;a u es foHkouk”kd`rkfLr fpUrk
HkkX;Øes.k fg /kukfu HkofUr ;kfUrA
,rÙkq eka ngfr u’V/kukJ;L;
;RlkSânknfi tuk% f”kfFkyhHkofUrAA13AA
vUo;% & lR;e~] es] fpUrk] foHkouk”kd`rk] u] vfLr] fg] /kukfu] HkkX;Øes.k] HkofUr] ¼rFkk½ ;kfUr] rq] ,rr~] eke~]
ngfr] ;r~] tuk%] u’V/kukJ;L;] lkSânkr~] vfi] f”kfFkyhHkofUrAA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & fe=A
oLrqr% eq>s /ku ds u’V gks tkus dh fpUrk ugha gS] D;ksafd HkkX; ds vuqlkj /ku izkIr gksrs vkSj pys tkrs gSaA
fdUrq ;g ckr eq>s tykrh gS fd ftldk /ku:ih vkJ; u’V gks tkrk gS vFkkZr~ tks fu/kZu gks tkrk gS mldh
fe=rk ls Hkh yksx f”kfFky gks tkrs gSaA
nkfjnzÓkfn~?kz;esfr gzhifjxr% izHkza”;rs rstlks
fuLrstk% ifjHkw;rs ifjHkokfUuosZneki|rsA
fufoZ..k% “kqpesfr “kksdfifgrks cq)Ók ifjR;T;rs
fucqZf)% {k;esR;gks fu/kZurk lokZinkekLine~AA14AA
vUo;% & ¼euq’;%½ nkfjnzÓkr~] fgz;e~] ,fr] gzhifjxr%] rstl%] izHk”;rs] fuLrst%] fijHkw;rs] ifjHkokr~] fuosZne~]
vki|rs] fufoZ..k%] “kqpe~] ,fr] “kksdfifgr%] cq)Ók] ifjR;T;rs] fucqZf)%] {k;e~] ,fr] vgks] fu/kZurk] lokZinke~]
vkLine~A
vFkZ & vkSj Hkh &
¼euq’;½ nfjnzrk ls yTtk dks izkIr gksrk gS] yfTtr ¼O;fDr½ rst jfgr gks tkrk gS] rstghu frjLd`r gksrk gS]
frjLdkj ls Xykfu dks izkIr gksrk gS] Xykfu;qDr “kksd lUrIr gksrk gS] “kksdkdqy O;fDr cqf) ¼foosd½ ds }kjk
R;kx fn;k tkrk gS vFkkZr~ “kksdkdqy O;fDr foosd dks [kks cSBrk gS vkSj fucqZf} uk”k dks izkIr gksrk gS & vgks !
nfjnzrk lHkh vkifÙk;ksa dh tM+ gSA
fuoklf”pUrk;k% ijifjHkoks oSjeija
tqxqIlk fe=k.kka Lotutufo}s’kdj.ke~A
oua xUrqa cqf)HkZofr p dy=kRifjHkoks
âfnLFk% “kksdkfXuuZ p ngfr lUrki;fr pAA15AA
vUo;% & ¼fg] nkfjnzÓe~] iq#’kL;½ fpUrk;k%] fuokl%] ijifjHko%] vije~] oSje~] fe=k.kke~] tqxqIlk]
Lotutufo}s’kdj.ke~] p] dy=kr~] ifjHko%] ¼Hkofr] vr%½ oue~] xUrqe~] cqf)%] Hkofr] p] âfnLFk%] “kksdkfXu%] u]
ngfr ¼fdUrq nfjnze½ lUrki;fr pA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & fe= ! fu/kZurk gh iq#’kksa dh & fpUrk dk ?kj ¼fuokl&LFkku½ gS( nwljksa ds }kjk fd;s tkus
okys vuknj dk dkj.k gS( nwljh ¼foy{k.k½ “k=qrk gS( fe=ksa dh ?k`.kk rFkk vius HkkbZ cU/kqvksa ,oa vU; yksxksa ds
}s’k dk dkj.k gSA iRuh ds }kjk Hkh ¼mldk½ frjLdkj gksrk gSA vr% ¼nfjnz O;fDr dh½ ou esa pys tkus dh
bPNk gksrh gSA ân; esa orZeku “kksdkfXu ,d ckj gh tyk ugha Mkyrh fdUrq lUrIr djrh gS ¼vFkkZr~ /khjs&/khjs
tyk&tykdj ekjrh gS½A
rilk eulk okfXHk% iwftrk cfydeZfHk%A
rq’;fUr “kfeuka fuR;a nsork% fda fopkfjrS% \AA16AA
bdkbZ&1 24
vUo;% & rilk] eulk] okfXHk%] cfydeZfHk%] iwftr%] nsork%] “kfeuke~] fuR;e~] rq’;fUr] fopkfjrS%] fde~A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & fe= ! ,slk er dgksA x`gLFkkJe esa jgus okys O;fDr;ksa dk ;g ¼nsoksa dh iwtk djuk½
fuR;&deZ gSA
ri] eu] opuksa ¼Lrqfr;ksa½ ,oa cfydeks± vFkkZr~ iwtk esa lefiZr Qy] v{kr vkfn lkekuksa ds }kjk iwftr nsork
“kkUr fpÙkokys O;fDr;ksa ls loZnk lUrq’V jgrs gSaA ¼blesa½ rdZ&fordZ djus ls D;k ykHk \A
fda Roa Hk;su ifjofrZrlkSdqek;kZ
u`R;iz;ksxfo”knkS pj.kkS f{kiUrhA
mf}XupapydVk{kfol`’Vn`f’V&
O;kZ/kkuqlkjpfdrk gfj.kho ;kfl \AA17AA
vUo;% & Hk;su] ifjofrZrlkSdqek;kZ] u`R;iz;ksxfo”knkS] pj.kkS] f{kiUrh] mf}Xupapy& dVk{kfol`’Vn`f’V%] Roe~]
O;k/kkuqlkjpfdrk] gfj.kh] bo] fde~] ;kfl \
vFkZ & foV & olUrlsus ! Bgj] Bgj
Hk; ds dkj.k lqdqekj eUnxfr dks R;kx nsus okyh] u`R;&dyk esa fuiq.k pj.kksa dks tYnh&tYnh vkxs c<+krh gqbZ]
Hk;&fog~oy ,oa papy dVk{kksa ls ¼b/kj&m/kj½ n`f’Vikr djrh gqbZ rqe] f”kdkjh ds }kjk ihNk djus ls pfdr
gqbZ gfj.kh ds leku] D;ksa tk jgh gks \
fda ;kf”k /kkof”k iykvf”k iD[kyUrh
ok”kw i”khn .k efy””kf”k fpV~B nkoA
dkes.k nT>fn gq es gMds ro””kh
vaxkyykf”kifMns fov ea”k[k.MsAA18AA
fda ;kfl /kkofl iyk;ls izL[kyUrh
oklq izlhn u efj’;fl fr’B rkor~A
dkesu nárs [kyq es ân;a rifLo
vaxkjjkf”kifrrfeo ekal[k.Me~AA18AA
vUo;% & ¼gs olUrlsus !½ izL[kyUrh] fde~] ;kfl] /kkofl] iyk;ls] gs oklq ! izlhn] u efj’;fl] rkor~] fr’B]
vaxkjjkf”kifrre~] ekal[k.Me~] bo] rifLo] es] ân;e~] dkesu] [kyq] nársA
vFkZ & “kdkj & Bgjks] olUrlsus ! Bgjks]
yM+[kM+krh gqbZ D;ksa tk jgh gks] nkSM+ jgh gks] Hkkx jgh gksA ckys ! izlUu gksvks] ejksxh ugha] rfud BgjksA vaxkjksa
ds lewg ij fxjs gq, ekal ds VqdM+s dh Hkk¡fr esjk cspkjk ân; dkekfXu ds }kjk pyk;k tk jgk gSA
mÙkkf”krk xPNf”k vfUrdk es “kUiq..kiPNk fov fxEgeksjhA
vksoXxnh “kkfevHkV~Vds es o..ks xMs dqDdM”kkods OoAA19AA
vUo;% & ¼Roa½ ee] vfUrdkr~] lEiw.kZi{kk] xzh’ee;wjh] bo] mR=kflrk] xPNfl] ee] LokfeHkV~Vkjd%] ous] xr%]
dqDdqV”kkod%] bo] vooYxfrA
vFkZ & psV & vk;sZ ! Bgjks] Bgjks]
¼rqe½ esjs ikl ls] Hk;Hkhr gqbZ lEiw.kZ ia[kksa okyh xzh’edky dh e;wjh ds leku tk jgh gks esjk Lokeh ¼”kdkj½
ou esa x;s gq, eqxZs ds cPps ds leku ¼rqEgkjs ihNs&ihNs½ mrkoyh ds lkFk vk jgk gSA
fda ;kfl ckydnyho fodEiekuk
jDÙkka”kqda iouyksyn”ka ogUrhA
jDrksRiyizdkjdqM~eyeqRl`tUrh
VadSeZu%f”kyxqgos fonk;Zek.kkAA20AA
vUo;% & gs olUrlsus ! ckydnyh] bo] fodEiekuk] iouyksyn”ke~] jDrka”kqde~ ogUrh] VadS%] fonk;Zek.kk]
eu%f”kyxqgk] bo] jDrksRiyizdjdqM~eye~] mRl`tUrh] fde~] ;kfl \
vFkZ & foV & olUrlsus ! #dks] #dks !
uohu dsyk ds o`{k ds leku dk¡irh gq;h] ok;q ds }kjk papy okys yky js”keh oL= dks /kkj.k djrh gqbZ] Vk¡dh
}kjk dkVh gqbZ eu%:ihf”kyk dh dUnjk ¼ls fudyus okyh fpauxkfj;ksa½ ds leku ¼ds”kksa esa xq¡Fks gq,½ jDr&deyksa
dh dfy;ksa dks ¼osx ls nkSM+us ds dkj.k½ fc[ksjrh gq;h D;ksa tk jgh gks \
ee ev.ke.kax eEeFka oM~<vUrh
f.kf”k v “kv.kds esa f.kÌva vkfD[koUrhA
i”kyf”k HkvHkhnk iD[kyUrh [kyUrh
ee o”ke.kqtknk yko.k””kso dqUrhAA21AA
vUo;% & ee] enue~] vuaxe~] eUeFke~] o/kZ;Urh] fuf”k] “k;uds] p] ee] funzke~] vkf{kiUrh] Hk;Hkhrk] izL[kyUrh]
izljfl] ¼fdUrq½] jko.kL;] dqUrh] bo] ¼Roe~½] ee] o”ke~] vuq;krkA
vFkZ & “kdkj & Bgjks] olUrlsus ! Bgjks]
esjs enu] vuax] eUeFk ¼dke½ dks c<+krh gqbZ vkSj jkf= esa fcLrj ij esjh uhan dks Hkax djrh gqbZ Hk;Hkhr gksdj
ckjEckj yM+[kM+krh gqbZ Hkkx jgh gksA ¼fdUrq rqe½ mlh izdkj esjs o”k esa vk x;h gks ftl izdkj jko.k ds o”k esa
dqUrh ¼vk x;h Fkh½A
fda Roa inSeZe inkfu fo”ks’k;Urh
O;kyho ;kfl irxsUnzHk;kfHkHkwrkA
osxknga izfol`r% ioua u #U/;ka
RofUuxzgs rq ojxkf= ! u es iz;Ru%AA22AA
vUo;% & gs olUrlsus ! irxsUnzHk;kfHkHkwrk] O;kyh] bo] inS%] ee inkfu] fo”ks’k;Urh] Roe~] fde~] ;kfl \ osxkr~]
izfol`r%] vge~] ioue~] u] #U/;ke~ \ gs ojxkf= ! rq] RofUuxzgs] es] iz;Ru%] uA
bdkbZ&1 26
vFkZ & foV & if{kjkt x#M+ ls Hk;Hkhr gqbZ ukfxu ds leku vius Mxksa ls esjs Mxksa dks vfrØkUr djrh gqbZ
vFkkZr~ vius iSjksa dks eq>ls Hkh vf/kd osx ls j[krh gqbZ rqe D;ksa tk jgh gks \ osx ls nkSM+k gqvk eSa D;k ¼vR;Ur
rhozxkeh½ ok;q dks Hkh ugha jksd ldrk \ vFkkZr~ vo”; jksd ldrk gw¡A fdUrq gs lqUnfj ! esjk iz;Ru rqedks
tcnZLrh jksdus dk ugha gS vFkkZr~ eSa tcnZLrh rqEgsa jksduk ugha pkgrkA
,”kk .kk.kdewf”kdkedf”kdk ePNkf”kdk ykf”kdk
f.k..kk”kk dqy.kkf”kdk vof”kdk dkeLl eatwf”kdkA
,”kk os”kogw “kqos”kf.kyvk os”kax.kk osf”kvk
,”ks “ks n”k .kkeds eg dys vatkfo e .ksPNfnAA23AA
,’kk uk.kdeksf’kdkedf”kdk eRL;kf”kdk ykfldk
fuukZlk dqyukf”kdk vof”kdk dkeL; eatwf’kdkA
,’kk os’ko/kw% lqos”kfuy;k os”kkaxuk osf”kdk
,rkU;L;k n”k ukedkfu e;k d`rkU;|kfi eka usPNfrAA23AA
vUo;% & ,’kk] uk.kdeksf’kdkedf”kdk] eRL;kf”kdk] ykfldk] fuukZlk] dqyukfldk] vof”kdk] dkeL; eatwf’kdk]
,’kk] os’’ko/kw%] lqos”kfuy;k] os’kkaxuk] osf”kdk] ,rkfu] vL;k%] n”k] ukedkfu] e;k] d`rkfu] ¼fdUrq½] v|] vfi]
¼b;e~½ eke~] u] bPNfrA
vFkZ & “kdkj & egkuqHkko ! egkuqHkko !
mÙke jRu vkfn pqjkus okyksa dh dkekfXu dks “kkUr djus okyh] eNyh [kkus okyh] urZdh] ukfldkghu vFkkZr~
vizfrf’Br] dqy dks u’V djus okyh] fdlh ds o”k esa u gksus okyh] dke dh fiVkjh] os”;kxkfe;ksa dh L=h] lqUnj
os”;ky; esa fuokl djus okyh] os”;ky; dh dkfeuh os”;k & bl izdkj blds ;s n”k uke eSaus j[ksa gSaA fQj Hkh
¼vc Hkh½ ;g eq>s ugha pkgrh gSA
izljfl Hk;foDyok fdeFk± izpfyrdq.My?k`’Vx.Mik”okZA
foVtuu[k?kfÍrso oh.kk ty/kjxftZrHkhrlkjlhoAA24AA
vUo;% & foVtuu[kfÍrk] oh.kk] bo] izpfyrdq.My?k`’Vx.Mik”okZ] ¼Roe~½] ty/kj& xftZrHkhrlkjlh] bo]
Hk;foDyok] ¼lrh½ fdeFkZe~] izljflA
vFkZ & foV&foV yksxksa ds u[k ls ?k`’V ¼jxM+h x;h½ oh.kk ds leku ¼Hkkxus ds dkj.k½ fgyus okys dq.Myksa ¼ds
ckjEckj Li”kZ½ ls ?k`’V ¼jxM+ [kk;s gq,½ diksyksa okyh rqe] cknyksa ds xtZu ls Hk;Hkhr lkjlh dh Hkk¡fr] Hk;krqj
gksdj fdlfy;s Hkkxh tk jgh gksA
>k.kT>.karcgqHkw”k.k”kÌfe””ka
fda nksOonh fov iykvf”k ykeHkhnk \A
,”ks gykfe “kg”k fÙk t/kk g.kwes
fo””kko”kq””k cfgf.ka fov ra “kqHkÌaAA25AA
¼>.kT>.kfefr cgqHkw’k.k”kCnfeJa fda nzkSinho iyk;ls jkeHkhrk \A
,’k gjkfe lglsfr ;Fkk guwekfUo”okolksHkZfxuhfeo rka lqHknzke~AA25AA½
vUo;% & jkeHkhrk] nzkSinh] bo] cgqHkw’k.k”kCnfeJe~] >.kT>.ke~] bfr ¼dqoZrh½ fde~] iyk;ls] ;Fkk] guweku~]
fo”okolks%] rke~] Hkfxuhe~] lqHknzke~] bo] ,’k%] ¼vge~½ bfr] lglk] gjkfeA
vFkZ & “kdkj & jke ls Mjh gqbZ nzkSinh ds leku] vusd vkHkw’k.kksa ds “kCn ls fefJr >u&>ukgV ds lkFk
vFkkZr~ vius vkHkw’k.kksa dk >u&>u “kCn djrh gqbZ rqe D;ksa Hkkxh tk jgh gks \ ftl izdkj guqeku~ us fo”okolq
dh ml cgu lqHknzk dk vigj.k fd;k Fkk] mlh izdkj ;g eSa cyiwoZd rqEgkjk gj.k djrk gw¡A
ykesfg v ykvoYyga rks D[kkfgf”k ePNea”kdaA
,nsfga ePNea”kdsfga “kq.kvk eMva .k “ksoafnAA26AA
¼je; p jktoYyHka rr% [kkfn’;fl eRL;ekalde~A
,rkH;ka eRL;ekalkH;ka “okuks e`rda u lsoUrsAA26AA½
vUo;% & ¼gs olUrlsus !½ jktoYyHke~] je;] rr%] eRL;ekalde~] p% [kkfn’;fl] ,rkH;ke~] eRL;ekalkH;ke~]
¼rÌrk%½] “oku~% e`rde~ u] lsoUrsA
vFkZ & psV & jktk ds vR;Ur fiz; ¼”kdkj½ ds lkFk je.k djks] rc rqe eNyh vkSj ekal ¼[kwc½ [kkvksxhA bu
nksuksa & eNyh vkSj ekal ds dkj.k ¼ifjrÌr gq, “kdkj ds½ dqÙks e`rd vFkkZr~ ejs gq, i”kq] i{kh vkfn dh yk”k
dk lsou ugha djrs gSaA
fda Roa dVhrVfuosf”kreq}gUrh
rkjkfofp=#fpja j”kukdykie~A
oD=s.k fueZfFkrpw.kZeu%f”kysu
=Lrkn~Hkqra uxjnSoroRiz;kflAA27AA
vUo;% & Hkofr olUrlsus ! Roe~] dVhrVfuosf”kre~] rkjkfofp=#fpje~] j”kukdykie~] m}gUrh] fueZfFkrpw.kZeu%
f”kysu] oD=s.k] uxjnSoror~] =Lrkn~Hkqre~] fde~] iz;kflA
vFkZ & foV & lqJh olUrlsus ! dfV & izkUr esa c¡/kh gqbZ] eksfr;ksa ls vn~Hkqr vr,o euksgj esa[kyk dks /kkj.kk
djrh gqbZ] pw.kZ eu%f”kyk dks Hkh ¼vius xqykch o.kZ ls½ frjLd`r djus okys eq[k ls ;qDr rqe uxj&nsork dh
Hkk¡fr] Hk; & fog~oyrkiwoZd D;ksa Hkkxh tk jgh gks \A
vEgsfga paMa vfg”kkfyvarh o.ks f”kvkyh fov dqDdqysfgaA
iykf”k f”kX?ka rqfyna “kosXxa “kosaV.ka es gyva gyarhAA28AA
¼vLekfHk”p.MfHklk;Zek.kk ous J`xkyho dqDdqjS%A
iyk;ls “kh?kza Rofjra losxa loÙra ee ân; gjUrhAA28AA½
vUo;% & ous] dqDdqjS%] J`xkyh] bo] vLekfHk%] p.Me~] vfHklk;Zek.kk] ¼Roe~½] ee] ân;e~] loÙre~] gjUrh] “kh?kze~
Rofjre~ losxe~] iyk;lsA
vFkZ & “kdkj & dqÙkksa ds }kjk ihNk dh tkrh gqbZ J`xkyh ds leku ge yksxksa ds }kjk rhoz xfr ls ihNk dh
tkrh gqbZ] esjs ân; dks lewy gj.k djrh gqbZ rqe “kh?kz] rqjUr vkSj osxiwoZd Hkkx jgh gksA
fda Hkhe”ks.ks tenfXxiqÙks dqarh”kqns ok n”kda/kys okA
bdkbZ&1 28
,”ks gxs xsf.g; ds”kg”rs nq””kk”k.k””kk.kqfdfna dysfeAA29AA

fda Hkhelsuks tenfXuiq=% dqUrhlqrks ok n”kdU/kjks okA
,’kks·ga x`ghRok ds”kgLrs nq%”kkluL;kuqd`fra djksfeAA29AA
vUo;% & fde~] tenfXuiq=%] Hkhelsu%] ok] dqUrhlqr%] ok] n”kdU/kj%] ¼Roke~] jf{k’;fr½] ,’k%] vge~] ds”kgLrs]
¼Roke~½] x`ghRok] nq%”kkluL;] vuqd`fre~] djksfeA
vFkZ & D;k tenfXu dk iq= vFkok Hkhelsu vFkok dqUrh dk iq= vFkok jko.k \ ¼rqEgkjh j{kk djsxk \½A ;g eSa
¼rqEgkjs½ ds”kik”k dks idM+ dj nq%”kklu dk vuqdj.k djrk gw¡A
v”kh “kqfrD[ks ofyns v e”rds
dIise “kh”ka mn eky,e okA
vya rosns.k iykbns.k
eqeqD[kq ts gksfn .k “ks [kq thvfnAA30AA
vfl% lqrh{.kks ofyra p eLrda dYi;s “kh’kZeqr ekj;kfe okA
vya roSrsu iykf;rsu eqew’kqZ;ksZ Hkofr u l [kyq thofrAA30AA
vUo;% & ¼ee½ vfl%] lqrh{.k%] ¼vfLr½] ro] eLrde~] p] ofyre~] ¼orZrs½] ¼vge~] ro½ eLrde~] dYi;s] mr]
ekj;kfe] ok] ro] ,rsu] iykf;rsu] vye~] ;%] eqew’kqZ%] Hkofr] l%] [kyq] u] thofrA
vFkZ & ns[kks] ns[kk] ryokj cM+h rst gS vkSj rqEgkjk eLrd ¼Hkh½ cM+k lqUnj gS] eSa rqEgkjk f”kj dkV Mkyw¡xk
vFkok ekj Mkyw¡xkA rqEgkjk bl izdkj Hkkxuk fujFkZd gS] ¼D;ksfa d½ tks ejus okyk gksrk gS og fuf”pr :i ls
thfor ugha jgrkA
r#.ktulgk;f”pUR;rka os”koklks
fox.k; xf.kdk Roa ekxZtkrk yrsoA
ogfl fg /kugk;± i.;Hkwra “kjhja
leeqipj Hknzs ! lqfiz;a okfiz;a okAA31AA
vUo;% & os”kokl%] r#.ktulgk;%] fpUR;rke~] Roe~] ekxZtkrk] yrk] bo] xf.kdk] ¼bfr½] fox.k;] fg] i.;Hkwre~]
/kugk;Ze~] “kjhje~] ogfl] ¼vr%½] gs Hknzs ! lqfiz;e~] ok] vfiz;e~] ok lee~] mipjA
vFkZ & ns[kks] os”;ky; ds thou ¼okl½ dks ;qodksa dh lgk;rk ij vkfJr le>ksA lkspks] rqe ekxZ esa mRiUu gqbZ
yrk ds leku os”;k gks ! rqe] cktkj esa csph tkus okyh oLrq ds leku] /ku ds }kjk xzg.k djus ;ksX; “kjhj
/kkj.k djrh gksA vr%] gs Hknz L=h ! fiz; vkSj vfiz; nksuksa ds lkFk leku O;ogkj djksA
okI;ka Lukfr fop{k.kks f}tojks eq[kksZ·fi o.kkZ/ke%

QqYyka ukE;fr ok;lks·fi fg yrk ;k ukferk cfgZ.kkA
czã{k=fo”kLrjfUr p ;;k ukok r;Sosrjs
Roa okiho yrso ukSfjo tua os”;kfl lo± HktAA32AA

vUo;% & fop{k.k%] f}toj%] o.kkZ/ke%] ew[kZ%] vfi] okI;ke~] Lukfr ;k] cfgZ.kk] ukferk] QqYyke~] ¼rke~½] yrke~
ok;e%] vfi] ukE;fr] fg] ;;k] ukok] czã{k=fo”k%] rjfUr%] r;k] ,o] brjs] p%] os”;k] vfl] ¼vr%½] okih] bo] yrk
bo] ukS%] bo] loZe~] tue~] HktA
vFkZ & vkSj Hkh & fo}ku~ czkã.k rFkk uhp tkfr okyk ew[kZ Hkh ,d ckoM+h esa Luku djrk gSA tks yrk igys
e;wj ds }kjk ¼cSBdj½ >qdk;h x;h Fkh mlh Qwyh gq;h yrk dks ¼ml ij cSB dj½ dkSok Hkh >qdk nsrk gSA ftl
uko ls czkã.k] {kf=; vkSj oS”; ikj mrjrs gSa mlh ls nwljs ¼o.kkZ/ke½ yksx HkhA rqe os”;k gks] vr% okoM+h] yrk
vkSj uko dh Hkk¡fr lc yksxksa dk ¼,d leku½ lsou djksA
vkyksdfo”kkyk es lglk frfejizos”kfofPNUukA
mUehfyrkfi n`f’VfuZehfyrsokU/kdkjs.kAA33AA
vUo;% & vkyksdfo”kkyk] es n`f’V%] lglzk] frfejizos”kfofPNUuk] ¼tkrk½] mUehfyrk] vfi] ¼n`f’V%½ vU/kdkjs.k]
fuehfyrk] bo] ¼Hkofr½A
vFkZ & foV & vgks] izcy va/kdkj gS( D;ksafd & izdk”k esa foLr`r ¼nwj rd ns[kus okyh½ esjh n`f’V lglk
vU/kdkj esa izos”k djus ls vo#) gks x;h gSA [kqyh gqbZ Hkh esjh vk¡[ksa vU/kdkj ds }kjk cUn lh dj nh x;h gSaA
fyEirho reks·axkfu o’kZrhokatua uHk%A
vlRiq#’klsoso n`f’VfoZQyrka xrkAA34AA
vUo;% & re%] vaxkfu] fyEifr] bo] uHk%] vatue~] o’kZfr] bo] n`f’V%] vlRiq#’klsok] bo] foQyrke~] xrk%A
vFkZ & vkSj Hkh & vU/kdkj vaxksa dks fyIr lk dj jgk gS vFkkZr~ vaxksa esa vU/kdkj O;kIr gks jgk gS] vkdk”k ekuks
dkty dh o`f’V dj jgk gSA esjh n`f’V nq’V euq’;ksa dh lsok dh Hkk¡fr fu’Qy gks x;h gSA
dkea iznks’kfrfejs.k u n`”;ls Roa
lkSnkfeuho tynksnjlaf/kyhukA
Roka lwpf;’;fr rq ekY;leqn~Hkoks·;a
xU/k”p Hkh# ! eq[kjkf.k p uwiqjkf.kAA35AA
vUo;% & gs olUrlsus ! tynksnjlfU/kyhuk] lkSnkfeuh] bo] dkee~] Roe~] iznks’kfrfejs.k] u] n`”;ls] rq] gs Hkh# !
ekY;leqn~Hko%] v;e~] xU/k%] Roke~] lwpf;’;fr] p] eq[kjkf.k] uwiqjkf.k p] ¼lwpf;’;fr½A
vFkZ & foV & ¼tukfUrd½ gs olUrlsus ! cknyksa ds Hkhrj lfU/k&LFky esa fNih gqbZ fctyh ds leku ;|fi rqe
lk;adkyhu vU/kdkj ds dkj.k ugha fn[kyk;h iM+ jgh gks] ijUrq gs MjiksdA ekyk ls fudyh gq;h lqxU/k rFkk
“kCn djus okys uwiqj rqEgsa lwfpr dj nsaxs vFkkZr~ rqEgkjk irk crk nsaxsA
nkfjnzÓkRiq#’kL; ckU/kotuks okD;s u lafr’Brs

lqfLuX/kk foeq[khHkofUr lqân% LQkjhHkoUR;kin%A
lÙoa gzkleqiSfr “khy”kf”ku% dkfUr% ifjEyk;rs
bdkbZ&1 30
ikia deZ p ;RijSjfi d`ra rÙkL; laHkkO;rsAA36AA

vUo;% & nkfjnzÓkr~] ckU/kotu%] iq#’kL;] okD;s] u] lfUr’Brs] lqfLuX/kk%] lqân%] foeq[khHkofUr] vkin%]
LQkjhHkofUr] lÙoe~] gzkle~] miSfr] “khy”kf”ku%] dkfUr%] ifjEyk;rs] p] ;r~] ikie~] deZ] ijS%] vfi] d`re~] rr~]
rL;] lEHkkO;rsA
vFkZ & nfjnzrk ds dkj.k cU/kq yksx Hkh fu/kZu iq#’k ds dgus esa ugha jgrsA vR;Ur Lusgh fe= Hkh foeq[k gks tkrs
gSa vkSj vkifÙk;k¡ c<+ tkrh gSaA cy {kh.k gks tkrk gS] pfj= :ih pUnzek dh dkfUr /kq¡/kyh gks tkrh gS] dgk¡ rd
dgk tk;] tks nwljs O;fDr;ksa ds }kjk Hkh fd;k x;k iki&deZ gS og mlh dk fd;k gqvk le>k tkrk gSA
laxa uSo fg df”pnL; dq#rs laHkk’krs uknjkr~
laizkIrks x`geqRlos’kq /kfuuk lkoKekyksD;rsA
nwjknso egktuL; fogjR;YiPNnks yTt;k
eU;s fu/kZurk izdkeeija ‘k’Ba egkikrde~AA37AA
vUo;% & fg] df”pr~] vL;] laxe~] u] ,o] dq#rs] vknjkr~] u] lEHkk’krs] mRlos’kq] /kfuuke~] x`ge~] lEizkIr%]
lkoKe~] vkyksD;rs] vYiPNn%] ¼nfjnz%½] yTt;k] egktuL;] nwjkr~] ,o] fogjfr] ¼vr% vge~½ eU;s] fu/kZurk]
vije~] izdkee~] ‘k’Be~] egkikrde~ ¼vfLr½A
vFkZ & vkSj Hkh & dksbZ Hkh O;fDr bldk ¼fu/kZu dk½ lax ugha djrk gSA u vknj ls cksyrk gSA mRlo ds
volj ij ¼;fn fu/kZu½ /kfud ds ?kj igq¡p tkrk gS rks ogk¡ Hkh og yksxksa ds }kjk vuknj dh n`f’V ls ns[kk
tkrk gSA fu/kZu O;fDr vYi oL=okyk gksus ds dkj.k yTtko”k cM+s yksxksa ls nwj gksdj gh pyrk gS vFkkZr~ nwj
gh jgrk gSA vr% esjh le> esa nfjnzrk ¼iap egkikrdksa ds vfrfjDr½ ,d izcy NBk egkiki gSA
nkfjnzÓ ! “kkspkfe HkoUresoeLePNjhjs lqâfnR;qf’kRokA
foiUunsgs ef; eUnHkkX;s eesfr fpUrk Do xfe’;fl Roe~AA38AA
vUo;% & gs nkfjnzÓ ! HkoUre~] ,oe~] “kkspkfe] ¼;r~½] vLePNjhjs] lqân~] bfr] mf’kRok] ef;] eUnHkkX;s] foiUunsgs]
¼lfr½] Roe~] Do] xfe’;fl] bfr] ee] fpUrk ¼vfLr½A
vFkZ & vkSj Hkh & gs nkfjnzÓ ! rqEgkjs fo’k; esa eSa bl izdkj nq%[kh gksrk gw¡ vFkkZr~ rqEgkjs fo’k; esa eq>s ;gh
fpUrk gS fd esjs “kjhj esa fe= ds leku fuokl djds eq> vHkkxs ds ej tkus ij rqe dgk¡ tkvksxs \
va/kvkys iykvarh eYyxa/ks.k “kwbnkA
ds”kfoans iykfe”Vk pk.kDds .ksOo nksOonhAA39AA
vUo;% & vU/kdkjs] iyk;ekuk] ekY;xU/ksu] lwfprk] ¼olUrlsuk½] pk.kD;su] nzkSinh] bo] ds”koÙns] ijke`’VkA
vFkZ & vU/kdkj esa Hkkxrh gqbZ ekyk dh xU/k ls lwfpr ôlUrlsuk* esjs }kjk mlh izdkj ds”kksa ls idM+ yh x;h
gS tSls ^pk.kD;* ds }kjk ^nzkSinh*A
,’kkfl o;lks nikZRdqyiq=kuqlkfj.khA
ds”ks’kq dqlqek<Ós’kq lsforO;s’kq df’kZrkAA40AA
vUo;% & o;l%] nikZr~] dqyiq=kuqlkfj.kh] ,’kk] ¼Roe~½] dqlqek<Ós’kq] lsforO;s’kq] ds”ks’kq] df’kZrk] vflA
vFkZ & foV & ;qokoLFkk ds vgadkj ls dqyhu iq= pk#nÙk dk vuqxeu djus okyh ;g rqe Qwyksa ls lts gq,]
lsok djus ds ;ksX; ckyksa ls idM+ dj [khaph tk jgh gksA
,”kkf”k ok”kw f”kyf”k Xxghnk ds”ks”kq ckys”kq f”kyksyqgs”kqA
vDdks”k foDdks”k yofgpaMa “kaHkqa f”koa “kadyeh”ky okAA41AA
¼,’kkfl oklq f”kjfl x`ghrk ds”ks’kq ckys’kq f”kjks:gs’kqA
vkØks”k foØks”k yikf/kp.Ma “kaHkqa f”koa “kadjeh”oj okAA41AA½
vUo;% & gs oklq ! ,’kk] ¼Roe~½ f”kjfl] ds”ks’kq] ckys’kq] f”kjks:gs’kq] x`ghrk] vfl] ¼lEizfr½] vkØks”k] foØks”k] ok]
“kEHkqe~] f”koe~] “kadje~] bZ”oje~] vf/kp.Me~] yiA
vFkZ & “kdkj & gs ckys ! ;g ¼rqe½ f”kj ds ckyksa] ds”kksa] f”kjks:gksa ds ek/;e ls idM+ yh x;h gks vFkkZr~ rqEgkjs
f”kj ds cky idM+ esa vk x, gSaA vc rqe xkyh nks] fpYykvksa] “kEHkq] f”ko] “kadj vFkok bZ”oj dks tksj ls iqdkjks
vFkkZr~ gesa fdlh ls Hk; ugha gSA
b;a jaxizos”ksu dykuka pksif”k{k;kA
oapukif..MrRosu LojuSiq.;ekfJrkAA42AA
vUo;% & b;e~] jaxizos”ksu] dykuke~] mif”k{k;k] oapukif.MrRosu] p] LojuSiq.;e~] vkfJrkA
vFkZ & foV & D;k Loj esa ifjorZu dj fy;k \ vgks vk”p;Z gS ! vFkok blesa vk”p;Z gh D;k gS \
bl ôlUrlsuk* us ukVÓ”kkyk esa izos”k ,oa dykvksa dh f”k{kk ds }kjk nwljksa dks Bxus esa dq”kyrk izkIr dj ysus
ds dkj.k Loj ifjorZu esa fuiq.krk izkIr dj yh gSA
ek nqXnks fÙk ifjgoks .kfRFk dnarLl nqXxnks .kkeA
pkfjÙks.k fogh.kks vM~<ks fo v nqXxnks gksbZAA43AA
vUo;% & ¼v;e~½ nqxZr%] bfr] ifjHko%] ek] ¼dÙkZO;%½] d`rkUrL;] ¼lehis½] nqxZr%] u vfLr] uke] p] pkfj«;s.k]
foghu%] vk<Ó%] vfi] nqxZr%] HkofrA
vFkZ & ;g ^fu/kZu gS* blfy;s vieku er djksA ;ejkt ds ;gk¡ fu/kZu dksbZ ugha gS vkSj pfj=ghu /kuoku~ Hkh
nqnZ”kk dks izkIr gksrk gSA
dkfpRLok/khu;kSoukA
lk u’Vk “kad;k rL;k% izkIrs;a “khyoapukAA44AA
vUo;% & vLekfHk%] ldkek] Lok/khu;kSouk] dkfpr~] vfUo’;rs] lk] u’Vk] rL;k%] “kad;k] b;e~] “khyoapuk] izkIrkA
vFkZ & foV & ¼yTtkiwoZd½ egkczkã.k ! {kek djks] {kek djksA fdlh nwljs O;fDr ¼olUrlsuk½ ds Hkze ls ,slk
¼vuqfpr½ dk;Z gks x;k] vgadkj ls ughaA ns[kks &
gekjs }kjk ,d dkeklDrk ;qorh <w¡<h tk jgh gS vFkkZr~ ge yksx ,d dkfeuh dks [kkst jgs gSaA
,’k rs iz.k;ks foizA f”kjlk /kk;Zrs e;kA
xq.k”kL=SoZ;a ;su “kL=oUrks·fi fuftZrk%AA45AA
bdkbZ&1 32
vUo;% & gs foiz ! ,’k%] rs] iz.k;%] e;k] f”kjlk] /kk;Zrs] ;su “kL=oUr%] vfi] o;e~] xq.k”kL=S%] fuftZrk%A
vFkZ & foV & gs czkã.k ! rqEgkjs bl vuqxzg dks eSa f”kjks/kk;Z djrk gw¡A ftl dkj.k ls “kL=/kkjh gksrs gq, Hkh
ge yksx vki ds xq.k:ih “kL= ls ijkftr dj fn;s x, gSaA
lks·Lef}/kkuka iz.k;S% d`”khd`rks
u rsu df”pf}HkoSfoZekfur%A
funk?kdkysf’oo lksndks ânks
u`.kka l r`’.kkeiuh; “kq’doku~AA46AA
vUo;% & l%] vLef}/kkuka] iz.k;S%] d`”khd`r%] rsu] df”pr~] foHkoS%] u] foekfur%] u`.kke~] r`’.kke~] viuh;] l%]
funk?kdkys’kq] lksnd%] ân%] bo] “kq’doku~AA
vFkZ & foV% & ,slk er dgksA
og ge tSls yksxksa dh gh izseiw.kZ ekaxksa ls /kughu gks x;s gSa vFkkZr~ izse ds dkj.k ge yksxksa dks /ku ns nsdj
fu/kZu gks x;s gSaA mUgksaus fdlh dks Hkh /ku ds xoZ ls viekfur ugha fd;k gSA euq’;ksa dh /kulEcfU/kuh r`’.kk dks
feVk dj os xehZ ds le; esa ty;qDr rkykc ds leku lw[k x;s gSa vFkkZr~ fu/kZu gks x;s gSaA
“kwys foDdars ik.Mos “ksndsn~
iqÙks yk/kk, yko.ks bUnnÙksA
vkgks dqUrh, rs.k ykes.k tkns
v””kRFkkes /kEeiqÙks tMkmAA47AA
vUo;% & d%] l%] foØkUr%] “kwj%] ¼l%] fde~½ ik.Mo%] “osrdsrq%] bUnznÙk% jk/kk;k% iq=%] jko.k%] vkgks] rsu] jkes.k]
tkr%] dqUR;k% ¼iq=%½] v”oRFkkek] ¼ok½ /keZiq=%] tVk;q%A
vFkZ & “kdkj% & ¼jks’kiwoZd½ dkSu gS og tUenklh dk iq= \
D;k og “kwjohj ik.Mqiq= ^”osrdsrq gS \* vFkok bUnziznÙk ^jk/kk* dk iq= ^jko.k* gS \ vFkok izfl) ml ^jke* ls
mRiUu ^dqUrh* dk iq= ^v”oRFkkek* gS \ vFkkZr~ /keZiq= ^tVk;q* gS \A
nhukuka dYio`{k% Loxq.kQyur% lTtukuka dqVqEch
vkn”kZ% f”kf{krkuka lqpfjrfud’k% “khyosykleqnz%A
lRdÙkkZ ukoeUrk iq#’kxq.kfuf/knZf{k.ksnkjlÙoks
ásd% “yk?;% l thoR;f/kdxq.kr;k pksPN~olUrho pkU;sAA48AA
vUo;% & nhukuke~] Loxq.kQyur%] dYio`{k%] lTtukuke~] dqVqEch] f”kf{krkuke~] vkn”kZ%] lqpfjrfud’k%]
“khyosykleqnz%] lRdÙkkZ] u] voeUrk%] iq#’kxq.kfuf/k%] nf{k.kksnkjlÙo%] fg] vf/kdxq.kr;k] “yk?;%] ,d%] l%]
thofr] vU;s] mPN~olfUr] bo] pA
vFkZ & foV & vjs ew[kZ ! ;g rks vk;Z ^pk#nÙk* gSaA tks nhuksa ds dkeukvksa dks iw.kZ djus okys vius xq.k :ih
Qyksa ls uez dYio`{k gSaA lk/kqvksa ds cU/kq] f”kf{krksa ds vkn”kZ] lPpfj= dh dlkSVh] lnkpkj :ih e;kZnk ds
lkxj] lRdkj djus okys] fdlh dk vuknj u djus okys] euq’;ksfpr xq.kksa ds [ktkuk] ljy ,oa mnkj LoHkko
okys gSaA xq.kksa dh izpqjrk ds dkj.k iz”kaluh; og vk;Z pk#nÙk gh ;FkkFkZ :i esa thfor gSa vkSj vU; yksx rks
flldrs gh gSa vFkkZr~ muds vfrfjDr vU; xq.kghu O;fDr;ksa dk thou fujFkZd gSA
va/kL; n`f’Vfjo iqf’VfjokrqjL;
ew[kZL; cqf)fjo flf)fjokylL;A
LoYiLe`rsO;Zlfuu% ijeso fo|k
Roka izkI; lk jfrfjokfjtus izu’VkAA49AA
vUo;% & lk] Roke~] izkI;] vU/kL;] n`f’V%] bo] vkrqjL;] iqf’V%] bo] ew[kZL;] cqf)%] bo] vylL;] flf)%] bo]
vYiLe`rs%] O;lfuu%] ijek] fo|k] bo] vfjtus] jfr%] bo] izu’VkA
vFkZ & foV & og rqEgsa izkIr dj vU/ks dh n`f’V ds leku] jksxh ds cy ds leku] ew[kZ dh cqf) dh Hkk¡fr
vkylh dh lQyrk dh Hkk¡fr] de Lej.k “kfDrokys nqxZq.klDr ¼O;fDr½ dh mRd`’V fo|k dh rjg] “k=qvksa esa izse
ds ln`”k] vn`”; gks x;hA
vkykus x`árs gLrh okth oYxklq x`ársA
ân;s x`árs ukjh ;nhna ukfLr xE;rke~AA50AA
vUo;% & gLrh] vkykus] x`árs] okth] oYxklq] x`árs] ukjh] ân;s] x`árs] ;fn] bne~] ukfLr] ¼rnk½] xE;rke~A
vFkZ & “kdkj & ôlUrlsuk* dks fcuk fy;s ugha tkÅxkA
foV & D;k rqeus ;g Hkh ugha lquk gS \ ¼fd½ & gkFkh [kEHks esa ck¡/k dj o”k esa fd;k tkrk gS] ?kksM+k yxke ls
o”k esa fd;k tkrk gS vkSj L=h ân; ls o”k esa dh tkrh gSA ;fn ;g ân; dk izse ugha gS rks tkb;sA
d”pkyqdk xksNMfyÙkosaVk
“kkds v “kqD[ks rfyns gq ea”ksA
HkÙks v gseafrvyfÙkf”k)s
yh.ks v osys .k gq gksfn iwnhAA51AA
dw’ek.kMh xkse;fyIroÙrk “kkda
p “kq’da rfyra [kyq ekale~A
HkDr p gSefUrdjkf=fl)a yhuk;ka
p osyk;ka u [kyq Hkofr iwfrAA51AA
vUo;% & xkse;fyIroÙrk] dw’ek.Mh] “kq’de~] “kkde~] p] rfyre~ ekale~] [kyq gSefUrdjkf=fl)e~] HkDre~] p]
osyk;ke~] yhuk;ke~] p] u] [kyq] iwfr] HkofrA
vFkZ & vkSj Hkh ns[kks & xkscj ls fyIr M.By okyh dw’ek.Mh] lw[kk gqvk “kkd] ryk gqvk ekal] gseUr _rq dh
jkf= esa idk;k gqvk Hkkr] vf/kd dky chr tkus ij Hkh fod``r ugha gksrs gSaA
f.kOoDdya ewydisf”ko..ka
bdkbZ&1 34
[kU/ks.k ?ksÙkw.k v dks”k”kqÙke~

dqDdsfg dqDdhfg v cqDdvUrs
t/kk f”kykys “ky.ka iykfeAA52AA
fuoZYdya ewydisf”ko.k± LdU/ksu x`ghRok p dks”klqIre~A
dqDdqjS% dqDdjhfHk”p cqDdÓekuks ;Fkk “k`xky% “kj.ka iz;kfeAA52AA
vUo;% & fuoZYdye~] ewydisf”ko.kZe~] dks”klqIre~] ¼vfLe½] LdU/ksu] x`ghRok] p] dqDdqjS%] dqDdqjhfHk%] p]
cqDd~;eku%] J`xky%] ;Fkk] “kj.ke~] iz;kfeA
vFkZ & “kdkj & ¼myVh idM+ dj½ & uaxh rFkk ewyh ds fNyds ds leku jaxokyh] E;ku esa fLFkr ryokj dks
dU/ks ij j[k dj eSa dqÙks vkSj dqfr;ksa ds }kjk HkkSads tkrs gq, xhnM+ dh Hkk¡fr ?kj tkrk gw¡A
;nk rq HkkX;{k;ihfMrka n”kka
uj% d`rkUrksifgrka izi|rsA
rnkL; fe=k.;fi ;kUR;fe=rka
fpjkuqjDrks·fi fojT;rs tu%AA53AA
vUo;% & ;nk] rq] uj%] d`rkUrksifgrke~] HkX;{k;ihfMrke~] n”kke~] izi|rs] rnk] vL;] fe=kf.k] vfi] vfe=rke~]
;kfUr] fpjkuqjDr%] tu%] vfi] fojT;rsA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & vjh jnfuds ! rqEgkjs ikl mÙkj Hkh ugha gS \ [ksn gS] tc euq’; Øq) nSo ds }kjk mifLFkr
dh x;h HkkX;uk”k ds dkj.k nfyr n”kk dks izkIr gks tkrk gS] rc bl /kughu ds fe= Hkh “k=qr dks izkIr gks
tkrs gSa vFkkZr~ “k=q cu tkrs gSa vkSj cgqr fnuksa ls izse djus okyk O;fDr Hkh fojDr gks tkrk gSA
vfoKkrkolDrsu nwf’krk ee oklekA
Nkfnrk “kjnHkzs.k pUnzys[kso n`”;rsAA54AA
vUo;% & ¼;k½] vofKkrkolDrsu] ee] oklek] nwf’krk] ¼rFkk½] “kjnHkzs.k] Nkfnrk] pUnzys[kk] bo] n`”;rsA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ;g rks ^jnfudk* gS] vkSj ;g nwljh ¼L=h½ dkSu gS \ ¼tks½ vutkus esa Li”kZ fd;s gq, esjs oL=
ls nwf’kr gks x;h vFkkZr~ esjs ¼ijiq#’k½ ds oL= ds Li”kZ ls nwf’kr gks x;hA
;;k es tfur% dke% {kh.ks foHkofoLrjs
Øks/k% dqiq#’kL;so Loxk=s’oso lhnfrAA55AA
vUo;% & foHkofoLrjs] {kh.ks] ;;k] tfur%] es dke%] dqiq#’kL;] Øks/k%] bo] Loxk=s’kq] ,o] lhnfrA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & vjs ! ;g olUrlsuk gSA izpqj /kujkf”k ds {kh.k gks tkus ij ftl olUrlsuk ds }kjk mRiUu
dh x;h esjh okluk] vleFkZ O;fDr ds Øks/k dh Hkk¡fr] viuh nsg esa gh fou’V gks jgh gSA
izfo”k x`gfefr izrks|ekuk u pyfr HkkX;d`rka n”kkeos{;A
iq#’kifjp;su p izxYHka u onfr ;|fi Hkk’krs cgwfuAA56AA
vUo;% & x`ge~] izfo”k] bfr] izrks|ekuk] HkkX;d`rke~] n”kke~] vos{;] u] pyfr] ;|fi ¼b;e~½] cgwfu] Hkk’krs]
¼rFkkfi½] iq#’kifjp;su] izxYHke~] u p onfrA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼vuknj iwoZd½ ;g ¼“kdkj½ ew[kZ gSA ¼vius vki½ vgks ! dSlh nsork ds leku iwtk djus ds
;ksX; og ;qorh gSA rHkh rks ¼vHkh½ ml le; & ¼jksglsu dks ysdj½ ^?kj esa izos”k djks*] bl izdkj izsfjr dh x;h
¼Hkh] izfrdwy½ HkkX; ds }kjk mifLFkr dh x;h ¼esjh½ nqjoLFkk dks ns[kdj ¼Hkhrj½ ugha x;hA ;|fi ¼os”;k gksus ds
ukrs ;g½ cgqr cksyrh gS rFkkfi iq#’kksa ds lalxZ ls vFkkZr~ iq#’kksa ds le{k /k`’Vrk iwoZd ugha cksyrh gSA
mn;fr fg “k”kkad% dkfeuhx.Mik.Mq&
xzZgx.kifjokjks jktekxZiznhi%A
frfejfudje/;s j”e;ks ;L; xkSjk%
lzqrty bo iads {khj/kkjk% irfUrAA57AA
vUo;% & fg] dkfeuhx.Mik.Mq%] xzgx.kifjokj%] jktekxZiznhi%] “k”kkad] mn;fr] ;L;] xkSjk%] j”e;%] lzqrtys]
iads] {khj/kkjk%] bo] frfejfudje/;s] irfUrA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk% & eS=s; \ jgus nks] iznhfidkvksa dh vko”;drk ugha gSA ns[kks &
lqUnjh ;qorh ds diksy ds leku mTToy] u{k=&lewg :ih ifjokj okyk rFkk jktekxZ dk nhid vFkok
jktekxZ dks izdkf”kr djus okyk pUnzek mfnr gks jgk gSA ftldh “osr fdj.ks]a lw[ks gq, tyokys dhpM+ esa nw/k
dh /kkjkvksa ds leku] vU/kdkj lewg ds e/; esa iM+ jgh gSaA
jktekxksZ fg “kwU;ks·;a jf{k.k% lapjfUr pA
oapuk ifjgrZO;k cgqnks’kk fg “koZjhAA58AA
vUo;% & fg] v;e~] jktekxZ%] “kwU;%] p] jf{k.k%] lapjfUr] oapuk] ifjgrZO;k] fg] “koZjh] cgqnks’kk] ¼Hkofr½A
vFkZ & ¼izse ds lkFk½ olUrlsus ! ;g vkidk ?kj gSA vki izos”k djsaA
¼olUrlsuk izseiwoZd ns[krh gqbZ fudy tkrh gS½A
pk#nÙk% & fe= ! olUrlsuk x;hA rks vkvks] ?kj dks gh pysaA dkQh jkr chr tkus ls ;g jktekxZ lwuk gS vkSj
j{kd yksx ?kwe jgs gSaA Bxh ls cpuk pkfg, vFkkZr~ olUrlsuk ds vkHkw’k.k dks dgha fNik dj j[kuk pkfg,
ftlls pksj u ik ldsa D;ksafd jkr oLrqr% cM+h nks’kiw.kZ gksrh gS vFkkZr~ pksjh vkfn vijk/k jkf= esa gh gksrs gSaA
f}rh;ks·ad
.kocU/k.keqDdk, fovxÌgh,
gk rkfMgks fEg xÌgh,A
vaxykveqDdk, fov “kÙkh,
?kMqDdh fov ?kkfnnks fEg “kÙkh,AA1AA
uocU/kueqDr;so xnZH;k gk rkfMrks·fLe xnZH;kA
vaxjkteqDr;so “kDR;k ?kVksRdp bo ?kkfrrks·fLe “kDR;kAA1AA
bdkbZ&1 36
vUo;% & gk ! uocU/kueqDr;k] xnZH;k] bo] xnZH;k] rkfMr%] vfLe] gk! vaxjkteqDr;k] “kDR;k] ?kVksRdp%] bo]
“kDR;k] ?kkfrr%] vfLeA
vFkZ & laokgd & vk”p;Z gS ! ;g tqvkjhiu cgqr gh nq%[knk;d gSA
gk; ! “kh?kz gh cU/ku ls NwVh gqbZ xngh ds leku xnZHkh ¼tq, ds dke esa vkus okyh dkSM+h] ik”kk½ us eq>s ekj
fn;k vFkkZr~ dkSM+h ls cqjh rjg iNkM+k x;k gw¡A ^d.kZ* ¼vaxjkt½ ds }kjk pykbZ gqbZ “kfDr ¼,d izdkj dk Qsad
dj ekjus okyk vL=½ ls ?kVksRdp ¼Hkhe ds iq=½ leku] eSa Hkh “kfDr ¼tq, esa pyh tkus okyh dkSfM+;ksa dh ,d
[kkl pky½ ds }kjk ekjk x;k gw¡A
ys[kvokoMfgvva “kfgva nV~Bw.k >fÙk iCHkV~BsA
,f.ag eXxf.kofMns da .kq [kq “ky.ka iiTtsAA2AA
ys[kdO;ki`rân;a lfHkda n`’V~ok >fVfr izHkz’V%A
bnkuha ekxZfuifrr% da uq [kyq “kj.ka izi|sAA2AA
vUo;% & ys[kdO;ki`rân;e~] lfHkde~] n`’V~ok] >fVfr] izHkz’V%] bnkuhe~] ekxZfuifrr%] ¼vge~½ uq] de~] [kyq]
“kj.ke~] izi|sA2A
vFkZ & tqvkfj;ksa ds vxqvk lfHkd dks dqN fy[kus esa my>k gqvk ns[k dj tYnh Hkkx fudyk vkSj vc jkLrs
ij vk x;k eSa fdldh “kj.k esa tkÅ¡ \A2A
tb oTtfl iknkya bana “ky.ka p laina tkflA
lfgva ofTtv ,da #Ìks fo .k jfD[knqa rjbAA3AA
¼;fn oztfl ikrkyfeUnza “kj.ka p lkaizra ;kflA
lfHkda otZf;RoSda #nzks·fi u jf{krqa rjfrAA3AA½
vUo;% & ;fn] ikrkye~] oztfl] bUnze~] “kj.ke~] p] ;kfl] ¼fdUrq½] ,de~] lfHkde~] otZf;Rok] #nz%] vfi] ¼Roke~½
jf{krqe~] u] rjfrA3A
vFkZ & tqvkjh & ;fn ¼vius cpko ds fy;s rqe½ ikrky yksd esa tkrs gks vFkok bUnz dh “kj.k esa pys tkrs gSa
rks Hkh bl le; dsoy lfHkd dks NksM+ dj f”ko Hkh rqEgsa ugha cpk ldrsA
dfga dfga lqlfgvoIiyaHkvk
iykfl ys HkvifyosfonaxvkA
ins ins lefolea [kyarvk
dqya tla vbdl.ka dysarvkAA4AA
vUo;% & gs lqlfHkdfoizyEHkd ! Hk;ifjosf’krkaxd ! dqye~] ;”k%] vfrd`’.ke~] dqoZu~] ins] ins] lefo’kee~] L[kyu]
dq=] dq=] iyk;lsA4A
vFkZ & ekFkqj & vjs ! ¼eq> tSls½ lPps vkSj lh/ks tqvkfj;ksa ds vxqvk dks Hkh /kks[kk nsus okys ! Mj ds ekjs dk¡irs
gq, “kjhjokys ! vius dqy ,oa dhfrZ dks vR;Ur dkyk djrs gq,] ix&ix ij Å¡ps&uhps yM+[kM+krs gq, rw dgk¡
Hkkx jgk gSA
dÙkk”kÌs f.k..kk.kv””k gyb gMda euq””k””kA

<Ddk”kÌsOo .kMkf/ko””k iCHkV~VyTt””kAA5AA
vjs] dÙkk”kCnks fuukZ.kdL; gjfr ân;a euq’;L;A
<Ddk”kCn bo ujkf/kiL; izHkz’VjkT;L;AA
vUo;% & vjs ! dÙkk”kCn%] fuukZ.kdL;] euq’;L;] izHkz’VjkT;L;] ujkf/kiL;] <Ddk”kCn%] bo] ân;e~] gjfrA5A
vFkZ & laokgd & ¼tqvk [ksyus dh bPNk dks tSls rSls jksd dj vius vki½
vjs] ;g dkSM+h vFkok iklk dh [ku&[kukgV dh vkokt fu/kZu tqvkjh euq’; ds ân; dks mlh rjg yqHkkrh gS
ftl rjg fd gkFk ls jkT; fudy tkus okys fdlh jktk dks Hksjh dk “kCn ¼yM+kbZ vkfn ds fy, yypkrk gS½A
tk.kkfe .k dhfy””ka “kqesyqf”kgyi/k.k”kf..kga twvaA
rg fo gq dksbyegqys dÙkk”kÌs e.ka gyfnAA6AA
tkukfe u ØhfM’;kfe lqes#f”k[kjirulafuHka |wre~A
rFkkfi [kyq dksfdye/kqj% dÙkk”kCnks euks gjfrAA6AA
vUo;% & |wre~] lqes#f”k[kjirulfUuHke~] tkukfHk] ¼vr%½ u] ØhfM’;kfe] rFkkfi] dksfdye/kqj%] dÙkk”kCn%] [kyq]
eu%] gjfrA6A
vFkZ & tqvk ¼[ksyuk½ ^lqes#* ioZr dh pksVh ls fxjus ds leku ¼gkfudkjd½ gS( ¼eSa ;g½ tkurk gw¡A vr% ugha
[ksyw¡xkA rFkkfi dks;y ds xys ls fudyh gqbZ ehBh dwd ds leku dkSM+h dh [ku&[kukgV eu dks yqHkk gh ysrh
gSA
u x.k;fr ijkHkoa dqrf”p)jfr nnkfr p fuR;eFkZtkre~A
uìfrfjo fudkeek;n”khZ foHkoork leqikL;rs tusuAA7AA
vUo;% & ¼|wre~½] dqrf”pr~] ijkHkoe~] u] x.k;fr] fuR;e~] vFkZ & tkre~] gjfr] nnkfr] p] fudkee~] vk;n”khZ]
jktk] bo] Hkoork] tusu] leqikL;rsA7A
vFkZ & tqvk fdlh ls vieku dh ijokg ugha djrk gSA ;g fuR; gh /ku ysrk ¼iSnk djrk½ vkSj nsrk gSA jktk
dh Hkk¡fr dkQh ykHk fn[kykus okyk tqvk cM+s&cM+s /kuh vknfe;ksa ds }kjk Hkh lsfor gksrk gS vFkkZr~ [ksyk tkrk
gSA
nzO;a yC/ka |wrsuSo nkjk fe=a |wrsuSoA
nÙka HkqDra |wrsuSo lo± u’Va |wrsuSoAA8AA
vUo;% & |wrsu] ,o] nzO;e~] yC/ke~] |wrsu] ,o] nkjk%] fe=e~] ¼yC/ke~½] |wrsu] ,o nÙke~] HkqDre~] |wrsu] ,o] loZe~]
u’Ve~A8A
vFkZ & tqvk ls gh eSaus /ku dek;kA L=h vkSj fe= tq, ls gh izkIr fd;kA tq, ls gh fdlh dks dqN fn;k vkSj
[kk;kA vkSj tq, ls gh viuk lc dqN xok¡ fn;kA
=srkârloZLo% ikojirukPp “kksf’kr”kjhj%A
bdkbZ&1 38
ufnZrnf”kZrekxZ% dVsu fofuikfrrks ;kfeAA9AA

vUo;% & =srkârloZLo%] ikojirukr~] “kksf’kr”kjhj%] ufnZrnf”kZrekxZ%] dVsu] fofuikfrr%] ;kfeA9A
vFkZ & =srk ¼^rh;k* uked ,d [kkl pky = nk¡p½ ds dkj.k lc dqN Nhu fy;k tkus okyk] ikoj ¼^nqvk* uke
,d izdkj dk nk¡o½ ds }kjk lUu ¼”kq’d½ “kjhj [kkyk] ufnZr ¼ûDdk* uked ,d rjg dk nk¡o½ ds }kjk ¼?kj
dk½ jkLrk fn[kk;k tkus okyk] dV ¼îwjk* uked ,d <ax dk nk¡o½ ds }kjk ekjk gqvk tk jgk gw¡ vFkkZr~ ! ^rh;k*
^nwvk* vkSj ûDdk* ds pDdj esa eSa iw.kZ :i ls feV pqdk gw¡A
v;a iV% lw=nfjnzrka xrks á;a iVf”Nnz”krSjyad`r%A
v;a iV% izkofjrqa u “kD;rs á;a iV% lao`r ,o “kksHkrsAA10AA
vUo;% & v;e~] iV%] lw=nfjnzrke~] xr%] v;e~] iV%] fg] fNnz”krS%] vyad`r%] v;e~] iV%] izkofjrqe~] u] “kD;rs]
v;e~] iV%] gh] lao`r%] ,o] “kksHkrsA10A
vFkZ & ;g diM+k th.kZ gks x;k gS] ;g diM+k cgqr ls Nsnksa ls ifjiw.kZ gSA ;g oL= “kjhj <dus yk;d ugha gSA
;g diM+k yisVk gqvk jgus ij gh vPNk yxrk gSA10A
iknsuSdsu xxus f}rh;su p HkwrysA
fr’BkE;qYyfEcrLrko|kofÙk’Bfr HkkLdj%AA11AA
vUo;% & ,dsu] iknsu] xxus] f}rh;su] p] Hkwrys] mYyfEcr%] rkor~] fr’Bkfe] ;kor~] HkkLdj%] fr’BfrA11A
vFkZ & ,d iSj vkleku esa djds vkSj nwljk iSj tehu ij j[kdj rc rd yVdk gqvk jg ldrk gw¡ tc rd
lwjt jgrk gSA ¼vFkkZr~ tc eSa lewps fnu brus nq%[ke;h dke dks Hkh dj ldrk gw¡] rks êkFkqj* ls Mjus dh D;k
t:jr \ og blls vkSj dBksj n.M D;k nsxk \½
;% LrC/ka fnolkUrekurf”kjks ukLrs leqYyfEcrks
;L;ksn~?k’kZ.kyks’VdSjfi lnk i`’Bs u tkr% fd.k%A
;L;SrPp u dqDdqjSjgjgksta?kkUrja pO;Zrs
rL;kR;k;rdkseyL; lrra |wrizlaxsu fde~ \AA12AA
vUo;% & ;%] fnolkUre~] vkurf”kj%] ¼lu~½] LrC/ke~] leqYyfEcr%] u] vkLrs] ;L;] i`’Bs] mn~?k’kZ.kyks’BdS%] vfi]
lnk] fd.k%] u] tkr%] ;L;] p] ,rr~] ta?kkUrje~] dqDdqjS%] vg% vg%] u] pO;Zrs] vR;k;rdkseyL;] rL;] lrre~]
|wrizlx
a su] fde\A12A
vFkZ & tks O;fDr esjs leku fnu Hkj uhps f”kj djds pqipki yVdk gqvk ugha jg ldrkA ftldh ihB ij
¼iSlk u ns ldus ij nwljs tqvkfj;ksa ds }kjk½ fuR; ?klhVus ls <syksa ds }kjk pksV dk fpà Hkh ugha iM+k gSA
¼iSlk u ns ldus ds dkj.k Hkkxus ij tqvkfj;ksa ds }kjk nkSM+k;s x;s½ dqÙkksa ls ftldh tka?k dk ;g Hkhrjh fgLlk
izfrfnu dkVk ugha tkrkA ,sls vR;Ur dksey O;fDr dks fujUrj tqvk [ksyus ls D;k iz;kstu \ vFkkZr~ tqvk
[ksyuk vklku dke ugha gSA blesa dfBu ls dfBu nq%[k Hkksxus iM+rs gSaA vr% dksey vknfe;ksa dks b/kj ugha
vkuk pkfg,A
nqoZ.kks·fl fou’Vks·fl n”kLo.kZL; dkj.kkr~A
iapsfUnz;lek;qDrks ujks O;kik|rs Ro;kAA13AA

vUo;% & ¼gs ekFkqj ! Roe~½] nqoZ.kZ%] vfl] fou’V%] vfl] ¼;r~½ Ro;k] n”kLo.kZL;] dkj.kkr~] iapsfUnz;lek;qDr%] uj%]
O;kik|rsA13A
vFkZ & ekFkqj ! rqe uhp ,oa ifrr gks tks fd lksus dh nl eksgjksa ds fy, ik¡p bfUnz;ksa ls ;qDr euq’; dks ekj
jgs gksA
ts vÙkcya tkf.kv Hkkya rqfyna ogsb ek.kq””ksA
rkga [ky.ka .k tk;fn .k v darkyxMs fooTtfnAA14AA
; vkRecya KkRok Hkkja rqfyra ogfr euq’;%A
rL; L[kyua u tk;rs u p dkUrkjxrks foi|rsAA14AA
vUo;% & ;%] euq’;%] vkRecye~] KkRok] rqfyre~] Hkkje~] ogfr] rL;] L[kyue~] u] tk;rs] dkUrkjxr%] p] ¼l%½ u]
foi|rsA14A
vFkZ & tks euq’; viuh rkdr dk vuqeku djds Hkkj mBkrk gS] og dHkh Hkh xM~<s esa ugha fxjrk gSA vkSj u rks
nqxZe jkLrs ij pyus ls u’V gh gksrk gS vFkkZr~ ;fn eSaus vius /ku dk /;ku djds tqvk [ksyk gksrk rks ;g
gkyr u gksxhA
“kDdky/k.ks [kq “kTt.ks dkg .k gksb pykprs /k.ksA
ts iwbnqa fi .k tk.kkfn “ks iwvkfo”ks”ka fi tk.kkfnAA15AA
¼lRdkj/ku% [kyq lTtu% dL; u Hkofr pykpya /kue~A
;% iwtf;rqefi u tkukfr l iwtkfo”ks’kefi tkukfrAA15AA½
vUo;% & lRdkj/ku%] lTtu%] ¼Hkofr½] [kyq] dL;] /kue~] pykpye~] u] Hkofr \ ;%] iwtf;rqe~] vfi] u] tkukfr]
vfi] l%] iwtkfo”ks’ke~] tkukfrA15A
vFkZ & laokgd & nwljksa dk vknj djuk gh lTtuksa dk /ku gksrk gS \ fdldk /ku uk”koku~ ugha gksrk gS \
vFkkZr~ lHkh yksxksa dk /ku u”oj gksrk gSA tks vkneh nwljksa dk vknj Hkh djuk ugha tkurk gS] og D;k vknj
ds fo”ks’k rjhds dks tkurk gS \ vFkkZr~ ugha tkurk gSA
dLl rqgqa r.kqeT>s vgjs.k jnnV~BnqfOo.khns.kA
tEifl e.kksgyov.ka vkyksvarh dMD[ks.kAA16AA
¼dL; Roa ruqe/;s v/kjs.k jrn’VnqfoZuhrsuA
tYifl euksgjopuekyksd;Urh dVk{ks.kAA16AA½
vUo;% & gs ruqe/;s ! dVk{ks.k] vkyksd;Urh] Roe~] jrn’VnqfoZuhrsu] v/kjs.k] euksgjopue~] dL;] tYiflA16A
vFkZ & ekFkqj & gs iryh dej okyh L=h \ Vs<+h vk¡[kksa ls ns[krh gqbZ rqe lEHkksx ds le; esa dkVs x;s] /k`’V
vks’B ls eu dks yqHkkus okys opu fdlls cksy jgh gks \
esjs ikl /ku ugha gSA nwljh txg tkvksA
bdkbZ&1 40
twns.k ra dna es ta ohgRFka t.k””k “kOo””kA

,.kfga ikvM”kh”ks .kfyUneXxs.k fogfy””kaAA17AA
¼|wrsu rRd`ra ee ;f}gLra tuL; loZL;A
bnkuha izdV”kh’kksZ ujsUnzekxsZ.k fogfj’;kfeAA17AA½
vUo;% & |wrsu] ee] rr~] d`re~] ;r~] loZL;] tuL;] ¼le{ke~½ fogLre~] bnkuhe~] izdV”kh’kZ%] ujsUnzekxsZ.k]
fogfj’;kfeA17A
vFkZ & laokgd & vk;sZ ! eSaus fu”p; dj fy;k gSA ¼?kwe dj½ tq, ds dkj.k eSa lHkh vknfe;ksa ds lkeus
viekfur gqvkA vc _.k pqd tkus ds ckn eSa lM+dksa ij f”kj Å¡pk djds vFkkZr~ fuHkZ; gksdj ?kwew¡xkA
vojks/k okyvt.ka rqfjna vk#g/k oqD[kiklknaA
fda .k gq isD[k/k iqjnks nqV~Vks gRFkh bnks ,fnAA18AA
^viu;r ckydtua Rofjrekjksgr o`{kizklkne~A
fda u [kyq izs{k/oa iqjrks nq’Vks gLrhr ,frAA18AA
vUo;% & ckydtue~] viu;r] o`{kizklkne~] Rofjre~] vkjksgr] fde~] u] [kyq] izs{k/oe~] iqjr%] nq’V%] gLrh] br%]
,frA18A
vFkZ & cPpksa dks jkLrs ls gVk yks] tYnh gh isM+ksa ,oa ?kjksa ij p<+ tkvksA D;k ugha ns[k jgs gks fd nq’V gkFkh
lkeus ls b/kj gh vk jgk gSA
fopyb .ksmjtqvya fNTtafr v esgyk ef.kD[kbvkA
oyvk v lqUnjnjk jv.kadqjtkyifMc)kAA19AA
fopyfr uqiqj;qxya fN|Urs p es[kyk ef.k[kfprk%A
oy;k”p lqUnjrjk jRukadqjtkyizfrc)k%AA19AA
vU;o% & uqiqj;qxye~] fopyfr] ef.k[kfprk%] es[kyk%] jRukadqjtkyizfrc)k%] lqUnjrjk%] oy;k%] p] fN|UrsA19A
vFkZ & ¼gkFkh ds Mj ls Hkkxrh gqbZ fL=;ksa ds½ iktsc dk tksM+k fxj jgk gS] ef.k;ksa ls tM+h gqbZ es[kyk,¡ rFkk
NksVs&NksVs jRuksa ls e<+s gq, vPNs&vPNs daxu VwV jgs gSaA
vkgf.kÅ.k ljksla ra gfRFka foa>lSyflgjkHkaA

eksvkfovks e, lks narra jlafBvks ifjOoktvksAA20AA
¼vkgR; ljks’ka ra gfLrua foU/;”kSyf”k[kjkHke~A
eksfprks e;k l nUrkUrjlafLFkr% ifjozktd%AA20AA½
vUo;% & foU/;”kSyf”k[kjkHke~] re~] gfLrue~] ljks’ke~] vkgR;] e;k] nUrkUrjlafLFkr%] l%] ifjozktd%] eksfpr%A20A
vFkZ & d.kZiwjd & foU/;kpy igkM+ dh pksVh dh Hkk¡fr vkdkj okys ml gkFkh ij Øks/kiwoZd izgkj djds eSaus
gkFkh ds nk¡rksa ds chp ncs gq, ml laU;klh dks NqM+k fy;kA
r`rh;ks·ad
lqv.ks [kq fHkPpk.kqdids “kkfe, f.k).kds fo “kksgfnA
fi”kq.ks m.k nOoxfOons nqDdys D[kq ify.kkenkyq.ksAA1AA
lqtu% [kyq Hk`R;kuqdEid% Lokeh fu/kZdks·fi “kksHkrsA
fi”kqu% iqunzZO;xfoZrks nq’dj% [kyq ifj.kkenk#.k%AA1AA
vUo;% & Hk`R;kuqdEid%] lqtu%] Lokeh] fu/kZud%] vfi] ¼lu~½] [kyq] “kksHkrs] iqu%] nzO;xfoZr%] fi”kqu%] nq’dj%]
ifj.kkenk#.k%] [kyq] ¼Hkofr½A1A
vFkZ & psV ! ukSdjksa ij n;k djus okyk lTtu ekfyd fu/kZu jgus ij Hkh lq[knk;h ¼”kksfHkr½ gksrk gSA fdUrq
/ku ds en esa pwj nq’V ekfyd nq%[k ls lsok djus ;ksX; rFkk vUr esa Hk;adj gksrk gSA
“k””kiyDdcyÌs .k “kfDd okfynqa
v..ki”kÙkdydÙks.k “kfDd okfynqA
twni”kÙke.kq””ks .k “kfDd okfynqa
ts fo “kgkfovnks”ks .k “kfDd okfynqaAA2AA
lL;yEiVcyhonksZ u “kD;ks okjf;rq&
eU;dy=izlDrks u “kD;ks okjf;rqe~A
|wrizlDreuq’;ks u “kD;ks okjf;rqa
;ks·fi LokHkkfodnks’kks u “kD;ks okjf;rqe~AA2AA
vUo;% & lL;yEiVcyhonZ%] okjf;rqe~] u] “kD;%] vU;dy=izlDr%] okjf;rqe~] u] “kD;%] |wrizlDreuq’;%]
okjf;rqe~] u] “kD;%] ;%] vfi] LokHkkfodnks’k% ¼vfLr] l%½ okjf;rqe~] u] “kD;%A2A
vFkZ & gjs /kku dk yksHkh lk¡M+] nwljs dh L=h esa vklDr iq#’k] tqvk [ksyus dk vknrh euq’; ¼bl lc½ dks jksdk
ugha tk ldrkA vkSj tks Hkh LokHkkfod cqjkbZ gksrh gS og Hkh NksM+h ugha tk ldrh gSA
mRdf.BrL; ân;kuqxq.kk o;L;k
ladsrds fpj;fr izojks fouksn%A
laLFkkiuk fiz;rek fojgkrqjk.kka
jDrL; jkxifjo`f)dj% izeksn%AA3AA
vUo;% & ¼oh.kk½] mRdf.BrL;] ân;kuqxq.kk] o;L;k] ladsrds] fpj;fr] izoj%] fouksn%] fojgkrqjk.kke~] fiz;rek]
laLFkkiuk] jDrL;] jkxifjo`f)dj% izeksn%] ¼vfLr½A3A
bdkbZ&1 42
vFkZ & ¼oh.kk½ vR;Ur fojg ihM+k ls O;kdqy O;fDr ds fy, euilUn l[kh gSA b”kkjk fd;s x;s LFkku ij vkus
esa izseh ds nsj djus ij ;g ¼oh.kk½ eucgyko dk vPNk lk/ku gSA fojg ls ihfM+r dh fiz; <k<l c¡/kkus okyh
¼izsfedk½ gSA vkSj izseh tuksa ds jkx ¼nwljs ds izfr dkeiw.kZ izse½ dks c<+kus okyk euksjatu gSA
jDra p uke e/kqja p lea LQqVa p
HkkokfUora p yfyra p euksgj pA
fdaok iz”kLropuScZgqfHkeZnqDrS&
jUrfgZrk ;fn Hkosn~ofursfr eU;sAA4AA
vUo;% & ¼xhre~½] uke] jDre~] p] e/kqje~] p] lee~] LQqVe~] p] HkkokfUore~] p] yfyre~] p] euksgje~] p]
¼vklhr~½] ok] enqDrS%] cgqfHk%] iz”kLropuS%] fde~ \] ;fn] ofurk] vUrfgZrk] Hkosr~] bfr] eU;sA4A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & fe= ! ^jsfHky* egksn; us vkt okLro esa cgqr vPNk xkuk xk;kA fQj Hkh vki izlUu ugha
gq,A
¼^jsfHky* dk og xkuk½ jkxiw.kZ] lquus esa ehBk yxusokyk] ¼Loj rFkk y; vkfn dh½ lerkokyk] Li’V] Hkkoiw.kZ]
yfyr ,oa euksgj FkkA vFkok gekjs cgqr c<+kbZ djus ls D;k ykHk \ eq>s rks ,slk yxrk Fkk fd ¼^jsfHky* ds :i
esa½ ekuks L=h fNih gqbZ gks ¼vFkkZr~ ^jsfHky* fL=;ksa dh Hkk¡fr lc izdkj dh fuiq.krk ds lkFk xk jgk FkkA½
ra rL; LojlaØea e`nqfxj% f”y’Va p rU=hLoua
o.kkZukefi ewPNZukUrjra rkja fojkes e`nqe~A
gsykla;fera iqu”p yfyra jkxf}#Ppkfjra
;RlR;a fojrs·fi xhrle;s xPNkfe Ük`.ofUuoAA5AA
vUo;% & lR;e~] ;r~] xhrle;s] fojrs] vfi] o.kkuke~] ewPNZukUrjxre~] vfi] rkje~] fojkes] e`nqe~] iqu%] p]
gsykla;fere~] jkxf}#Ppkfjre~] rL;] e/kqjfxj%] re~] LojlaØel~] f”ys’Ve~] rU=hLoue~] p] J`.ou~] bo] vge~]
xPNkfeA5A
vFkZ & ;g lR; gS fd xkus dk le; chr tkus ij Hkh v{kjksa dh ewPNZuk ¼Lojksa dk Øe”k% p<kuk vkSj mrkjuk½
ds vUrxZr ¼p<+kus ds le;½ dkQh Å¡pk] fojke ds le; dksey vkSj iqu% yhykiwoZd fu;fU=r] jkxksa esa nks ckj
mPpkj.k dh gqbZ ml ¼jsfHky½ dh dksey ok.kh dh ml Loj;kstuk dks rFkk ¼mlls½ feyh gqbZ oh.kk dh vkokt
dks] eSa lqurk gqvk lk tk jgk gw¡ ¼vFkkZr~ lc izdkj ls lqUnj ^jsfHky*½ dk xkuk vc Hkh gekjs dkuksa esa ¼Bhd
Bhd xw¡t jgk gS½A
vlkS fg nÙok frfejkodk”keLra oztR;qUurdksfVfjUnq%A
tykoxk<L; ouf}iL; rh{.ka fo’kk.kkxzfeokof”k’Ve~AA6AA
vUo;% & tykoxk<L;] ouf}iL;] vof”k’Ve~] rh{.ke~] fo’kk.kkxze~] bo fg] mUurdksfV%] vlkS] bUnq%
frfejkodk”ke~] nÙok] vLre~] oztfrA6A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & vkius Bhd dgk & ty esa Mwcs taxyh gkFkh ds ¼ty esa Mwcus ls½ cps gq, nk¡r ds rh[ks
vxys fgLls dh rjg mUur vxzHkkxokyk ;g pUnzek v¡/ksjs dks ¼QSyus ds fy,½ ekSdk nsdj vLrkapy dks tk jgk
gSA
vya prq%”kkyfeea izos”;

izdk”kukjh/k`r ,’k ;Lekr~A
rLekRLo;a /kkj; foiz !
rko|koUu rL;k% [kyq Hkks% leI;ZrsAA7AA
vUo;% &bee~] prq”kkye~] izos”;] vye~] ;Lekr~] ,’k%] izdk”kukjh/k`r%] rLekr~] Hkks%foiz! rkor~] Lo;e~] /kkj;] ;kor~]
[kyq] rL;k%] ¼gLrks½] u leI;ZrsA7A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & bls prq%”kkyk esa Hkstuk Bhd ugha gS] D;ksafd ;g os”;k dh /kjksgj gSA blfy, gs czkã.k !
tc rd ;g ôlUrlsuk* dks ykSVk ugha fn;k tkrk] rc rd bldh j[kokyh rqe Lo;a djksA
b;a fg funzk u;ukoyfEcuh yykVns”kknqiliZrho eke~A
vn`”;:ik piyk tjso ;k euq’;lÙoa ifjHkw; o/ksrsAA8AA
vUo;% & fg] yykVns”kkr~] u;ukoyfEcuh] b;e~] funzk] eke~] miliZfr] bo] vn`”;:ik] piyk] tjk] bo] ;k
euq’;lÙoe~] ifjHkw;] o/kZrsA8A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & vkSj D;k \ eLrd ls vk¡[kksa esa mrjrh gqbZ ;g uhan esjh vksj vk jgh gS vFkkZr~ /khjs&/khjs eq>s
o”k esa dj jgh gSA u fn[k iM+us okyh papy o`)koLFkk dh Hkk¡fr ;g uhan Hkh euq’;ksa ds cy ds vfHkHkwr djds
c<+rh gSA
d`Rok “kjhjifj.kkglq[kizos”ka
f”k{kkcysu p cysu p deZekxZe~A
xPNkfe HkwfeifjliZ.kk?k`’Vik”oksZ
fueqZP;eku bo th.kZruqHkqZtax%AA9AA
vUo;% & f”k{kkcysu] p] cysu] p] “kjhjifj.kkglq[kizos”ke~] deZekxZe~] d`Rok] HkwfeifjliZ.k?k`’Vik”oZ] ¼lu~] vge~½]
fueqZP;eku%] th.kZruq%] Hkqtx
a %] bo] xPNkfeA9A
vFkZ & “kfoZyd & viuh f”k{kk ds tksj rFkk cy ds izHkko ls ¼vius½ nsg dh yEckbZ pkSM+kbZ ¼fo”kkyrk½ ds lq[k
ls ?kqlus ds yk;d lsa/k yxk djds] tehu ij f?kldus ls fNys gq, ik”oZHkkxokyk eSa ¼”kfoZyd½] dsapqyh NksM+rs
gq, ttZj nsgokys lk¡i ds leku] lsa/k esa tkrk gw¡A
uìfriq#’k”kafdrizpkja ijx`gnw’k.kfuf”prSdohje~A
?kuiVyreksfu#)rkjk jtfufj;a tuuho lao`.kksfrAA10AA
vUo;% & ?kuiVyreksfu#)rkjk] b;e~] jtuh] tuuh] bo] uìfriq#’k”kafDrizpkje~% ijx`gnw’k.k & fuf”prSdohje~]
¼eke~½ lao`.kksfrA10A
vFkZ & cknyksa ds lewg dh Hkk¡fr xk<+s v¡/ksjs ls rkjksa dks <dus okyh ;g jkr jktk ds flikgh ftlds vkus&tkus
dks “kadk dh fuxkg ls ns[krs gSa] rFkk tks nwljs ds ?kjksa esa lsa/k yxkus esa ekuk gqvk lcls cM+k ohj gSA ,sls
eq>dks <d jgh gSA ¼v¡/ksjh jkr pksjksa dks fNikdj mlh izdkj mudh j{kk djrh gS] tSls ekrk vius ckyd dh½A
dkea uhpfena onUrq iq#’kk% LoIus p ;}/kZrs
bdkbZ&1 44
fo”oLrs’kq p oapukifjHko”pkS;± u “kkS;± fg rr~A

Lok/khuk opuh;rkfi fg oja c)ks u lsokatfy
ekZxksZ ás’k ujsUnzlkSfIrdo/ks iwo± d`rks nzkSf.kukAA11AA
vUo;% & ;r~] LoIus] o/kZrs] fo”oLrs’kq] oapukifjHko%] p] fg] rr~ pkS;Ze~] u] ¼vr%½] iq#’kk%] bne~] dkee~] uhpe~]
onUrq] Lok/khuk] opuh;rk] vfi] fg] oje~] c)%] lsokatfy%] u] fg] ,’k%] ekxZ%] iwoZe~] nzkSf.kuk] ujsUnzlkSfIrdo/ks]
d`r%A11A
vFkZ & vjs ! tks euq’;ksa ds lks tkus ij gksrh gS rFkk ftlesa fo”okl ds lkFk lks;s gq, yksxksa ds /ku dk fNuuk
:i vieku gksrk gS og pksjh gS] “kwjrk ughaA ¼vr%½ euq’; yksx ml pksjh dks Hkys gh v/ke dgsa fdUrq fQj Hkh
esjk rks ;gh er gS fd fdlh ds Hkh v/khu u gksus ds dkj.k ;g pksjh :i fufUnr dke Hkh vPNk gSA fdlh dh
lsok esa gkFk tksM+uk vPNk ughaA vkSj ;g jkLrk rks igys gh jktk ik.Mo ds lks;s gq, iq=ksa dh gR;k esa
^nzks.kkpk;Z* ds iq= v”oRFkkek us fn[kk fn;k gSA
ns”k% dks uq tykolsdf”kfFkyks ;fLeUu “kCnks Hkos&
föÙkhuka p u n”kZukUrjxr% laf/k% djkyks Hkosr~A
{kkj{kh.kr;k p yks’Vdd`”ka th.k± Do gE;± Hkos&
RdfLeUL=htun”kZua p u HkosRL;knFkZflf)”p esAA12AA
vUo;% & d%] uq] fHkÙkhuke~] ns”k%] tykolsdf”kfFky%] Hkosr~] ;fLeu~] “kCn%] u] Hkosr~] lfU/k%] p] djky%] Hkosr] u]
p] n”kZukUrjxr%] Do] p] gE;Ze~] {kkj{kh.kr;k] yks’Vdd`”ke~] th.kZe~] p] Hkosr] dfLeu~] L=htun”kZue~] p] u]
Hkosr~] es] vFkZflf)%] p] L;kr~A12A
vFkZ & ges”kk ikuh iM+us ls xhyk vr% detksj gqvk nhokjksa dk dkSu lk ,slk LFkku gksxk] ftlesa lsa/k yxkrs
le; vkokt u gks] lsa/k cM+h gks] fdUrq fn[kyk;h u iM+s vkSj dgk¡ dh nhokj {kkj yx tkus ls iryh gks tkus
ds dkj.k de b±Vksa okyh ,oa ttZj gksxh \ fdl txg lsa/k djus ls fL=;ksa dk lkeuk u gksxk vkSj esjs pksjh ds
dke esa lQyrk Hkh feysxhA
iùeO;kdks”ka HkkLdja ckypUnza
okih foLrh.k± LofLrda iw.kZdqEHke~A
rRdfLeUns”ks n”kZ;kE;kRef”kYia
n`’V~ok “oks ;a ;f}Le;a ;kfUr ikSjk%AA13AA
vUo;% & iùO;kdks”ke~] HkkLdje~] ckypUnze~] okih] foLrh.kZe~] LofLrde~] iw.kZdqEHke~] ¼,rs] lIr] lfU/kizdkjk%]
lfUr]½] rr~] dfLeu~] ns”ks vkRef”kYie~] n”kZ;kfe] ;r~] ;e~] n`’Vok] “o%] ikSjk%] foLe;e~] ;kfUrA13A
vFkZ & f[kys gq, dey] lw;Z ¼xksy½] f}rh;k ds pUnzek ¼v)ZpUnzkdkj½ ckoM+h] foLr`r] LofLrd ¼bl izdkj ds
fpà okyk½] iw.kZ ?kM+k ¼;s lkr lsa/k ds izdkj gSa½ rks fdl txg viuh ¼lsa/k QksM+us dh½ prqjkbZ fn[kkykÅ¡ \ ftls
lcsjs uxjh ds yksx vk”p;Z pfdr gks tk;¡A
vU;klq fHkfÙk’kq e;k fuf”k ikfVrklq
{kkj{krklq fo’keklq p dYiuklqA

n`’V~ok izHkkrle;s izfrosf”koxksZ
nks’kka”p es onfr deZf.k dkS”kya pAA14AA
vUo;% & fuf”k] vU;klq {kkj{krklq] fHkfÙklq] dYiuklq] e;k] ikfVrklq] izHkkrle;s] izfrosf”koxZ%] n`’V~ok] es] nks’kku~]
deZf.k] dkS”kye~] p] onfrA14A
vFkZ & jkr ds le; nwljh] {kkj ls dVh gqbZ nhokjksa ds] fofp= lw>&cw> ds lkFk esjs }kjk] QksM+h tkus ij
izkr%dky iM+kslh yksx lsa/k dks ns[kdj esjs nks’k ,oa lsa/k cukus ds dke dh prqjkbZ dks dgsaxsA
vu;k fg lekyC/ka u eka nz{;fUr jf{k.k%A
“kL=a p ifrra xk=s #ta uksRiknf;’;frAA15AA
vUo;% & vu;k] lekyC/ke~] eke~] jf{k.k%] fg] u] nz{;fUr] ¼rFkk½ xk=s] ifrre~] “kL=e~] p] #te~] u]
mRiknf;’;frAA15A
vFkZ & ojnkuh ^dqekj dkfrZds;* dks ueLdkj gSA ^dud”kfDr* ^czã.;nso* ,oa nsoozr* ds fy, ueLdkj gS]
ftudk eSa igyk f”k’V gw¡A esjs Åij [kq”k gq, mUgksaus ;ksxjkspuk ¼,d ,slk eyge ftlds yxk ysus ls euq’;
fn[kyk;h ugha iM+rk vkSj u rks “kL= vkfn ds ekjus ls pksV gh yxrh gS½ eq>s nh gSA
¼”kjhj esa½ bl ds ysiu dj ysus ij eq>dks flikgh ugha ns[k ldsaxs vkSj “kjhj ij iM+k gqvk “kL= ihM+k ugha
mRiUu djsxkA
,rsu eki;fr fHkfÙk’kq deZekxZ&
esrsu eksp;fr Hkw’k.klaiz;ksxku~A
mn~?kkVua Hkofr ;U=n`<s dikVs
n`’VL; dhVHkqtxS% ifjos’Vua pAA16AA
vUo;% & ¼ekn`”k%] pkSj%½ ,rsu] fHkfÙk’kq] deZekxZe~] eki;fr] ,rsu] Hkw’k.klEiz;ksxku~] eksp;fr] ;U=n`<s] dikVs]
¼,rsu½] mn~?kkVue~] Hkofr] dhVHkqtxS%] n`’VL;] ifjos’Vue~] p ¼Hkofr½A16A
vFkZ & ¼pksj½ blls nhokjksa esa lsa/k ukirk gSA blls igus x;s tsojksa ds tksM+ [kksyrk gSA blls fdYyh ls dl
dj cUn dh x;h fdokM+ [kksyh tkrh gSA fo’kSys dhM+ksa rFkk liks± ds }kjk dkV [kk;s x;s O;fDr ds fy;s ;g
cU/ku gks tkrh gSA ¼ftl txg liZ vkfn dkVrs gSa] mlds Åij dl dj ck¡/k nsus ls fo’k dk nkSj nwljs vaxksa esa
ugha gksrk gSA½A
f”k[kk iznhiL; lqo.kZfiatjk eghrys laf/keq[ksu fuxZrkA
foHkkfr i;ZUrre% leko`rk lqo.kZjs[kso d’ks fuosf”krkAA17AA
vUo;% & lqo.kZfiatjk] lfU/keq[ksu] eghrys] fuxZrk] i;ZUrre%] iznhiL;] f”k[kk d’ks fuosf”krk] lqo.kZjs[kk] bo]
foHkkfrA17A
vFkZ & lksuk tSlh ihyh] lsa/k ds Nsn ls ckgj tehu ij fudyh gqbZ] pkjksa vksj v¡/ksjs ls f?kjh gqbZ nhid dh ykS
,slh “kksfHkr gks jgh gS tSlh dlkSVh ij [khaph xbZ lksus dh js[kkA
bdkbZ&1 46
fu%”oklks·L; u “kafdr% lqfo”knLrqY;kUrja orZrsA

n`f’VxkZ<fuehfyrk u fodyk ukH;Urjs papykA
xk=a lzLr”kjhjlaf/kf”kfFkya “k¸;kizek.kf/kda
nhia pkfi u e’kZ;snfHkeq[ka L;kYy{;lqIra ;fnAA18AA
vUo;% & vL;] fu%”okl] “kafdr%] u] ¼vfi rq½] lqfo”kn%] rqY;kUrje~] orZrs] n`f’V%] xk<fuehfyrk ¼vfLr] lk½] u]
fodyk] vH;Urjs] u] papyk] ¼orZrs½] lzLr”kjhjlaf/k& f”kfFkye~ ¼p] orZrs½] ;fn] y{;lqIre~] L;kr~] ¼rnk½]
vfHkeq[ke~] nhie~] p] vfi] u] e’kZ;sr~A18A
vFkZ & lks;s gq, bu nksuksa dh lk¡l “kadk ;qDr ugha gS vFkkZr~ LokHkkfod jhfr ls py jgh gSA mudh ;g lk¡l
Li’V rFkk leku vUrj okyh vFkkZr~ ,d :i ls pyus okyh gSA vk¡[k Hkyh&Hkk¡fr cUn gSA og vk¡[k u rks cspSu
gS vkS u iqryh gh papy gSA nsg ds tksM+ksa ds <hyh gksus ds dkj.k “kjhj f”kfFky rFkk [kkV ds vkdkj ls vf/kd
gS vFkkZr~ xk<+h uhan ds dkj.k “kjhj ds vax [kkV ds uhps Hkh yVd jgs gSaA ;fn ;s Ny ls lks;s gksrs rks lkeus
nhid ds izdk”k dks Hkh ugha lgu djrs vFkkZr~ nhid ds izdk”k ls budh vk¡[ksa pkSaf/k;k tkrhA
f/kxLrq [kyq nkfjnzîefuosZfnrikS#’ke~A
;nsrn~xfgZra deZ fuUnkfe p djksfe pAA19AA
vUo;% & vfuosZfnrikS#’ke~] nkfjÓe~ [kyq] f/kd~] vLrq] ;r~] ,rr~] xfgZre~] deZ] fuUnkfe] p] djksfe pA19A
vFkZ & ftlesa vkneh dk iq#’kkFkZ dqN Hkh ugha dj ikrkA ,sls xjhch dks f/kDdkj gSA ftlds dkj.k bl
fuUnuh; dke dh fuUnk dj jgk gw¡ vkSj fQj Hkh dj jgk gw¡A vFkkZr~ xjhch dfBu gksrh gSA blh ds dkj.k eSa
pksjh dks cqjk dke le>rs gq, Hkh dj jgk gw¡A
ektkZj% Øe.ks] e`x% izlj.ks] “;suks xzgkyqapus]
lqIrklqIreuq’;oh;Zrqyus “ok liZ.ks iUux%
ek;k :i”kjhjos”kjpus okXns”kHkk’kkUrjs
nhiks jkf=’kq] ladVs’kq MqMqeks okth LFkys] ukStZysAA20AA
vUo;% & ¼^;% vge~*½ Øe.ks] ektkZj%] izlj.ks] e`x%] xzgkyqapus] “;su%] lqIrklqIreuq’;& oh;Zrqyus] “ok%] liZ.ks]
iUux%] :i”kjhjos”kjpus] ek;k%] ns”kHkk’kkUrjs] okd~%] jkf=’kq] nhi%] ladVs’kq MqMqe%] LFkys] okth] tys] ukS
¼vfLe½A20A
vFkZ & >iVus vFkok mNyus esa fcyko] tYn Hkkx fudyus esa gfj.k] >iV dj idM+us vkSj Nhuus esa ckt] lks;s
gq, ,oa fcuk lks;s gq, euq’; dk cy tk¡pus esa dqÙkk] ljdus esa lk¡i] fofp= vkdkj] “kjhj ,oa os”k cukus esa
ek;k] vusd ns”kksa dh Hkk’kk cksyus esa ¼lk{kkr~½ ljLorh] jkrksa esa nhid] ladV ds le; HksfM+;k] tehu ij ?kksM+k
vkSj ty esa ukSdk ¼dh rjg gw¡½ vFkkZr~ fdlh Hkh gkyr esa eq>s dksbZ idM+ ugha ldrkA
Hkqtx bo xrkS fxfj% fLFkjRos irxirs% ifjliZ.ks p rqY;%A
“k”k bo Hkqoukoyksdus·ga o`d bo p xzg.ks cys p flag%AA21AA
vUo;% & vge~] xrkS] Hkqtx%] bo] fLFkjRos] fxfj%] ifjliZ.ks] irxirs%] rqY;%] Hkqoukoyksdus] “k”k%] bo] xzg.ks] o`d%]
bo] cys] p] flag%] ¼vfLe½A21A
vFkZ & eSa pky esa lk¡i ds leku] fLFkjrk esa ioZr ,oa tYnh pyus esa if{k;ksa ds jktk x#M+ ds rqY;] lalkj dks
ns[kus esa [kjxks”k tSlk idM+us esa HksfM+;k dh Hkk¡fr ,oa cy esa flag ds rqY; gw¡A
mifjryfuikfrrs’Vdks·;a f”kjfl ruqfoZiqy”p e/;ns”ksA
vln`”ktulaiz;ksxHkhjks&âZn;feo LQqfVra egkx`gL;AA22AA
vUo;% & mifjryfuikfrrs’Vd%] f”kjfl] ruq%] e/;ns”ks] foiqy%] p] v;e~] ¼lfU/k%½] vln`”ktulEiz;ksxHkhjks%]
egkx`gL;] LQqfVre~] ân;e~] bo ¼n`”;rs½A22A
vFkZ & ftlesa Åij ds fgLls ls [khapdj b±Vsa gVkbZ xbZ gSa] tks Åijh fgLls esa l¡djh vkSj chp ds LFkku esa
pkSM+h gS vFkkZr~ tks ?kM+s ds vkdkj okyh gS ,slh ;g lsa/k] v;ksX; euq’; ds ?kqlus ls Mjs gq, bl fo”kky ?kj ds
QVs gq, dystk ds leku fn[kkbZ iM+rh gSA
oSns”;su d`rks HkosUee x`gs O;kikjeH;L;rk
uklkS osfnroku~ /kuSfoZjfgra folzC/klqIra tue~A
n`’V~ok izkaegrha fuokljpukeLekdek”kkfUor%
lfU/kPNsnuf[kUu ,o lqfpja i”pkfUujk”kks xr%AA23AA
vUo;% & oSns”;su] O;kikje~] vH;L;rk] ee] x`gs] ¼lfU/k%½ d`r%] Hkosr~] vlkS] /kuS%] fojfgre~] foJC/klqIre~] tue~]
u] osfnroku~] izkd~] egrhe~] vLekde~] fuokljpuke~] n`’Vokvk”kkfUor%] lqfpje~] lfU/kPNsnuf[kUu%] i”pkr~] fujk”k%]
,o] xr%A23A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & pkgs u;s u;s vk;s gq, fdlh ijns”kh us vFkok pksjh lh[kus okys fdlh iq#’k us esjs ?kj esa ;g
lsa/k yxk;h gksA ¼ijUrq½ og] xjhc vr% fuf”pUr lks;s gq, tu ¼ge nksuksa½ dks ugha tku ik;k ¼vFkkZr~ gekjh
gkyr mls ugha ekywe Fkh½A gekjs bl edku dh Hkkjh cukoV dks ns[kdj igys og vk”kk djds nsj rd lsa/k
QksM+us ds dkj.k ijs”kku gqvk ¼vkSj½ ckn esa fujk”k gh pyk x;k ¼vFkkZr~ cspkjk fdruh vk”kk ls esgur djds
?kqlk] ijUrq ,d dkSM+h Hkh gkFk ugha yxh½A
d% J)kL;fr HkwrkFk± loksZ eka rqyf;’;frA
“kaduh;k fg yksds·fLefUu’izrkik nfjnzrkAA24AA
vUo;% & d%] HkwrkFkZe~] J)kL;fr] loZ%] eke~] rqyf;’;fr] fg] vfLeu~] yksds] fu’izrkik] nfjnzrk] “kaduh;k]
¼Hkofr½A24A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼/khjt /kkj.k djds½ fe=A
dkSu lPph ckr ij fo”okl djsxk \ lc eq> ij gh lUnsg djsaxsA D;ksafd bl lalkj esa rstghu nfjnzrk lUnsg
dk dkj.k gksrh gS vFkkZr~ yksx xjhc dks gh nks’kh Bgjkrs gSaA gk; cM+k nq%[k gSA
;fn rkoRd`rkUrsu iz.k;ks·FksZ’kq es d`r%A
fdfenkuha u`”kalsu pkfj=efi nwf’kre~AA25AA
bdkbZ&1 48
vUo;% & ;fn] rkor~] d`rkUrsu] es] vFksZ’kq] iz.k;%] d`r%] ¼rfgZ½] u`”kalsu] bnkuhe~] pkfj=e~] vfi] fde~] nwf’kre~A25A
vFkZ & ;fn HkkX; us esjk /ku nhu fy;k rks D;ksa ml fu’Bqj us vc esjs pfj= ij Hkh /kCck yxk fn;k \
HkS{;s.kkI;tZf;’;kfe iquU;kZlizfrfØ;ke~A
vu`ra ukfHk/kkL;kfe pkfj=Hkza”kdkj.ke~AA26AA
vUo;% & HkS{;s.k] vfi] U;klizfrfØ;ke~] iqu%] vtZf;’;kfe] pkfj=Hkza”kdkj.ke~] vu`re~] u] vfHk/kkL;kfeA26A
vFkZ & ¼eSa½ Hkh[k ek¡xdj Hkh /kjksgj ykSVkÅ¡xkA fdUrq pfjr dks fcxkM+ nsus okys >wB dks ugha cksyw¡xkA
vkReHkkX;{krnzO;% L=hnzO;s.kkuqdfEir%A
vFkZr% iq#’kks ukjh ;k ukjh lk·FkZr% iqeku~AA27AA
vUo;% & vkReHkkX;{krnzO;%] L=hnzO;s.k] vuqdfEir%] iq#’k%] vFkZr%] ukjh] ¼Hkofr] rFkk½ ;k] ukjh] lk] vFkZr%] iqeku~
¼Hkofr½A27A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk %& D;k czkã.kh ¼esjh L=h½ eq> ij n;k dj jgh gS \ gk; ! bl le; esa nfjnz gks x;k gw¡A
foHkokuqxrk Hkk;kZ lq[knq%[klqânHkoku~A
lR;a p u ifjHkz’Va ;Ìfjnzs’kq nqyZHke~AA28AA
vUo;% & ¼;L; ee½ L=h] foHkokuqxrk] Hkoku~] lq[knq%[klqâr~] lR;e~] p] u] ifjHkz’Ve~] ;r~] nfjnzs’kq] nqyZHke~A28A
vFkZ & vFkok eSa nfjnz ugha gw¡A ftl esjh & iRuh /ku ds vuqlkj pyus okyh gS vFkkZr~ de vFkok vf/kd /ku
ds vuqlkj ?kj ds [kpZ dk izcU/k djus okyh iRuh gSA vki lq[k rFkk nq[k esa ,d Hkko ls lkFk nsus okys fe=
gSaA vkSj lp cksyuk Hkh ugha NwVk gS & tks fd ¼;s nksuksa ckrs½a fu/kZuksa ds ikl cM+h eqf”dy ls feyrh gSaA
;a lekyEC; fo”okla U;klks·Leklq r;k d`r%A
rL;SrUegrks ewY;a izR;;L;So nh;rsAA29AA
vUo;% & r;k] ;e~] fo”okle~] lekyEC;] vLeklq] U;kl%] d`r%] rL;] egr%] izR;;L;] ,o] ,rr~] ewY;e~]
iznh;rsA29A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & fe= ! ,slk er ¼dgks½
ml olUrlsuk us ftl fo”okl ds lgkjs gekjs ikl /kjksgj j[kh gS] ml cgqr cM+s fo”okl dh gh ;g dher nh
tk jgh gS ¼u dh ml lksus ds Hkk.M dh½A
,rkfHkfjf’VdkfHk% laf/k% fØ;rka lqlaâr% “kh?kze~A
ifjokncgynks’kkUu ;L; j{kka ifjgjkfeAA30AA
vUo;% & ,rkfHk%] bf’VdkfHk%] lfU/k%] “kh?kze~] lqlagr%] fØ;rke~] ifjokncgynks’kkr~] ;L;] j{kke~] u] ifjgjkfeA30A
vFkZ & o/kZekud ! bu b±Vksa ls bl lsa/k dks tYn gh vPNh rjg Hkj nksA yksxksa esa QSyus okys vi;”k esa egku~
nks’k gksus ds dkj.k ftl lsa/k dh ejEer dh mis{kk ugha d:¡xk vFkkZr~ ;fn ;g ls/a k blh izdkj QwVh jgsxh rks
turk esa esjs ckjs esa vusd rjg dh cqjh ckrsa QSyx
sa hA
prqFkks±·ad%
nÙok fu”kk;k opuh;nks’ka funzka p ftRok uìrs”p j{;ku~A

l ,’k lw;ksZn;eUnjf”e% {kik{k;kPpUnz bokfLe tkr%AA1AA
vUo;% & fu”kk;k%] opuh;nks’ke~] nÙok] funzke~] p] uìrs%] j{;ku~] p] ftRok] l%] ,’k%] ¼vge~½] {kik{k;kr~]
lw;ksZn;eUnjf”e%] pUnz%] bo] tkr%] vfLeA1A
vFkZ & “kfoZyd & jkf= dks fuUnk dk nks’k nsdj vFkkZr~ ^jkr esa gh pksjh tSls [kjkc dke gksrs gSaA bl izdkj dk
nks’k yxkdj uhan rFkk jktk ds igjsnkjksa dks thr dj] ;g eSa jkr ds chr tkus ij lw;ksZn; ds dkj.k eUn
rstokys pUnzek ds leku gks x;k gw¡A
;% df”pÙofjrxfrfuZjh{krs eka
laHkzkUra nzqreqiliZfr fLFkra okA
ra lo± rqy;fr nwf’krks·UrjkRek
LoSnksZ’kSHkZofr fg “kafdrks euq’;%AA2AA
vUo;% & ;%] df”pr~] Rofjrxfr%] ¼lu~½] laHkzkUre~] eke~] fujh{krs] ok] fLFkre~] ¼eke~½] nzqre~] miliZfr%] nwf’kr%]
vUrjkRek] re~] loZe~] rqy;fr] fg] euq’;%] LoS%] nks’kS%] “kafdr%] HkofrA2A
vFkZ & tYnh&tYnh pyus okyk tks dksbZ euq’; eq> Hk;Hkhr dks ns[krk gS] vFkok [kM+s gq, esjs ikl osx ls vkrk
gS] nks’kh esjh vUr%dj.k mu lc dks lUnsg ds lkFk ns[kus yxrk gS vFkkZr~ ;g lksprk gS fd eq>s idM+us ds
fy;s rks ugha vk jgs gSa \ lpeqp euq’; vius nks’kksa ds dkj.k ¼gh½ “kadk djrk gSA
ifjtudFkklDr% df”pUuj% leqisf{kr%
Dofpnfi x`ga ukjhukFka fujh{; fooftZre~A
ujifrcys ik”okZ;krs fLFkra x`gnk#on~&
O;oflr”krSjsoaizk;SfuZ”kk fnolhd`rkAA3AA
vUo;% & ¼e;k½] ifjtudFkklDr%] df”pr~] uj%] leqisf{kr%] Dofpr~] vfi] x`ge~] ukjhukFke~] fujh{;] fooftZre~]
ujifrcys] ik”okZ;krs] x`gnk#or~] fLFkre~] ,oaizk;S%] O;oflr”krS%] fu”kk] fnolhd`rkA3A
vFkZ & ifjokj ds lkFk ckr djus esa yxs gq, fdlh iq#’k dh mis{kk dj nh vFkkZr~ mlds ?kj esa ugha ?kqlkA vkSj
fdlh ?kj dks blfy, Hkh NksM+ fn;k fd ml ?kj esa dsoy fL=;k¡ gh FkhaA ;fn jktk ds igjsnkj cxy esa vk x,
rks ?kj esa yxs gq, dkB ds [kEHks ds leku pqipki [kM+k gks x;kA bl izdkj ds lSdM+ksa dk;ks± ls eSaus jkr dks
fnu cuk fn;k vFkkZr~ jkr tkxrs gh tkxrs ,oa dke djrs djrs fcrk nhA
enuefi xq.kSfoZ”ks’k;Urh jfrfjo ewfrZerh foHkkfr ;s;e~A
ee ân;euaxofg~urIra Hk`”kfeo pUnu”khrya djksfrAA4AA
vUo;% & ;k] b;e~] xq.kS%] enue~] vfi] fo”ks’k;Urh] ewfrZerh] jfr%] bo] foHkkfr] ¼lk½] vuaxofg~urIre~] ee]
ân;e~] Hk`”ke~] pUnu”khrye~] bo] djksfrA4A
vFkZ & “kfoZyd & ¼ns[k dj½ vjs ! ;g enfudk !
bdkbZ&1 50
tks ;g enfudk ¼fpÙk dks mUeÙk cuk nsus okys½ xq.kksa ds }kjk dkenso dks Hkh vfrØfer djrh gqbZ] “kjhj dks
/kkj.k djus okyh dkenso dh L=h jfr ds leku lq”kksfHkr gks jgh gSA og dkekfXu ls >qyls gq, esjs ân; dks
pUnu dh Hkk¡fr vR;f/kd “khry dj jgh gSA
nkfjnzÓs.kkfHkHkwrsu RoRLusgkuqxrsu pA
v| jk=kS e;k Hkh# ! RonFksZ lkgla d`re~AA5AA
vUo;% & gs Hkh# ! nkfjnzÓs.k] vfHkHkwrsu] p] RoRLusgkuqxrsu] e;k] v|] jk=kS] RonFksZ] lkgle~] d`re~A5A
vFkZ & “kfoZyd & gs Mjus okyh L=h ! xjhch ls ijs”kku ,oa rqEgkjs izse esa Q¡ls gq, eSaus vkt jkr esa rqEgkjs fy,
vFkkZr~ rqedks NqM+kus ds fy;s pksjh dh gSA
uks eq’.kkU;cyka foHkw’k.korha QqYykfeokga yrka
foizLoa u gjkfe dkapueFkks ;KkFkZeH;qn~/k`re~A
/kk«;qRlaxra gjkfe u rFkk ckya /kukFkhZ Dofp
Rdk;kZdk;Zfopkfj.kh ee efr”pkS;sZ·fi fuR;a fLFkrkAA6AA
vUo;% & /kukFkhZ] vge~] QqYyke~] yrke~] bo] foHkw’k.korhe~] vcyke~] uks] eq’.kkfe] foizLoe~] vFkks] ;KkFkZe~]
vH;qn~/k`re~] dkapue~] u] gjkfe] rFkk Dofpr~] /kk«;qRlaxre~] ckye~] u gjkfe] pkS;sZ] vfi] ee] efr%] fuR;e~]
dk;kZdk;Zfopkfj.kh] ¼lrh½] fLFkrk%A6A
vFkZ & “kfoZyd & /ku dks pkgus okyk eSa] Qwyh gqbZ yrk ds leku vkHkw’k.kksa ls lth gqbZ L=h dks ugha ywVrk
g¡wA czkã.k ds /ku ,oa ;K ds fy;s fudky dj j[ks gq, lksuk dks Hkh ugha pqjkrk gw¡A vkSj eSa dgha /kk; dh xksn
esa fLFkr cPps dks Hkh Nhudj ugha ys tkrk gw¡A pksjh esa Hkh esjh cqf) ges”kk mfpr vkSj vuqfpr dk fopkj djrh
gSA
v;a ro “kjhjL; izek.kkfno fufeZr%A
vizdk”kks áyadkjks eRLusgk)k;ZrkfefrAA7A
vUo;% & v;e~] vyadkj%] ro] “kjhjL;] izek.kkr~] bo] fufeZr% ¼vfLr] rFkk½] vizdk”k%] ¼vfLr½] fg] eRLusgkr~]
/kk;Zrke~] bfrA7A
vFkZ & ;g vkHkw’k.k ekuksa rqEgkjs “kjhj dh gh uki ls cuk;k x;k gSA ;g ¼nwljksa dks½ fn[kkus ds yk;d Hkh ugha
gSA esjs Åij izse djds ¼vki½ bls ys ysaA
fo’kknlzLrlok±xh laHkzeHkzkUrykspukA
uh;ekuk·Hkqft’;kRoa dEils ukuqdEilsAA8AA
vUo;% & fo’kknlzLrlok±xh] laHkzeHkzkUrykspuk] dEils] vHkqft’;kRoe~ uh;ekuk] ¼vfi] fde~] ef;½] u vuqdEilsA8A
vFkZ & “kfoZyd & enfudk ! /khjt /kjksA bl le; rqe D;ksa & nq%[k ls f”kfFky lc vaxksa okyh] ?kcjkgV ls
papy vk¡[kksa okyh dk¡i jgh gks \ nklhiu ls NqM+kbZ tkrh gqbZ ¼Hkh rqe esjs Åij½ dìk D;ksa ugha dj jgh gks \
RoRLusgc)ân;ks fg djksE;dk;±
ln~o`ÙkiwoZiq#’ks·fi dqys izlwr%A
j{kkfe eU;FkfoiUuxq.kks·fi ekua

fe=a p eka O;ifn”kL;ija p ;kflAA9AA
vUo;% & ln~o`ÙkiwoZiq#’ks] dqys] izlwr%] vfi] ¼vge~½ RoRusgc)ân;%] ¼lu~½] fg] vdk;Ze~] djksfe] eUeFkfoiUuxq.k%]
¼lu~½] vfi] ekue~] j{kkfe] ¼fdUrq] Roe~½ eke~] fe=e~] O;ifn”kfl] p] vije~] p] ;kflA9A
vFkZ & “kfoZyd & ¼bZ’;kZ ds lkFk½ enfudk ! D;k fiz; gqvk \
lnkpkjh iqj[kksa ds dqy esa iSnk gqvk Hkh eSa rsjs izse ds v/khu gksdj ,slk dqdeZ djrk gw¡ vFkkZr~ pksjh djrk gw¡A
dkenso ds izHkko ds dkj.k xq.kghu gksdj Hkh lEeku dh j{kk djrk gw¡A ¼brus ij Hkh rw Åij ls rks½ eq>dks
viuk fe= crykrh gS] vkSj nwljs ¼izseh½ ds ihNs tkrh gS vFkkZr~ ân; ls fdlh vkSj dks pkgrh gSA
bg loZLoQfyu% dqyiq=egknzqek%A
fu’QyRoeya ;kfUr os”;kfogxHkf{krk%AA10AA
vUo;% & bg] loZLoQfyu%] dqyiq=egknzqek%] os”;kfogxHkf{krk%] vye~] fu’QyRoe~] ;kfUrA10A
vFkZ & bl lalkj esa viuk lkjk /ku gh ftudk Qy gS ,sls dqyhu iq= :ih cM+s isM+ os”;k :ih fpfM+;ksa ds
}kjk [kk;s tkdj ,dne fu’Qy dj fn;s tkrs gSaA vFkkZr~ ftl izdkj fpfM+;k¡ Qy [kkdj isM+ dks Qyghu dj
nsrh gSa] mlh izdkj os”;k,¡ /ku [kkdj iq#’kksa dks xjhc dj nsrh gSaA
v;a p lqjrToky% dkekfXu% iz.k;sU/ku%A
ujk.kka ;= gw;Urs ;kSoukfu /kukfu pAA11AA
vUo;% & lqjrToky%] iz.k;sU/ku%] v;e~] dkekfXu%] ¼vfLr½] ;=] ujk.kke~] ;kSoukfu] /kukfu] p] gw;UrsA11A
vFkZ & lEHkksx ftldh yiVsa gSa] izse ftldk b±/ku gS] ,slh dkeokluk :ih vkx esa euq’;ksa dh tokuh vkSj
lEifÙk nksuksa gh gkse dh tkrh gSaA
vif.MrkLrs iq#’kk erk es ;s
L=h’kq p Jh’kq p fo”olfUrA
fJ;ks fg dqoZfUr rFkSo uk;ksZ
HkqtaxdU;kifjliZ.kkfuAA12AA
vUo;% & ;s] iq#’kk% L=h’kq] p] Jh’kq] p] fo”olfUr] rs] vif.Mrk%] es] erk%] fga] fJ;%] rFkSo] uk;Z%]
HkqtaxdU;kifjliZ.kkfu] dqoZfUrA12A
vFkZ & tks vkneh fL=;ksa ,oa /ku ij Hkjkslk j[krs gSa] os eq>s ew[kZ yxrs gSaA lEifÙk rFkk fL=;k¡ ukfxu ds leku
Vs<+h pky pyk djrh gSaA
L=h’kq u jkx% dk;ksZ jDra iq#’ka fL=;% ifjHkofUrA
jDrSo fg jUro;k fojDrkHkkok rq gkrO;kAA13AA
vUo;% & L=h’kq] jkx%] u dk;Z%] fL=;%] jDre~] iq#’ke~] ifjHkofUr] fg] jDrk] ,o] jUrO;k] fojDrHkkok] rq]
gkrO;kA13A
bdkbZ&1 52
vFkZ & fL=;ksa ij izse ugha djuk pkfg,A fL=;k¡ vius ij izse djus okys iq#’k dks viekfur djrh gSaA izse
djus okyh L=h ds lkFk gh je.k djuk pkfg,A vkSj mnklhu ¼izse u djus okyh L=h½ dks R;kx nsuk pkfg,A
vFkkZr~ mlls izse ugha djuk pkfg,A
,rk glfUr p #nfUr p foÙkgsrks&
foZ”okl;fUr iq#’ka u rq fo”olfUrA
rLekUujs.k dqy”khylefUorsu
os”;k% “e”kkulqeuk bo otZuh;k%AA14AA
vUo;% & ,rk%] foÙkgsrks%] glfUr] p] #nfUr] p] iq#’ke~] fo”okl;fUr] rq] u] fo”olfUr%] rLekr~]
dqy”khylefUorsu] ujs.k] “e”kkulqeuk%] bo] os”;k%] otZuh;k%A A14A
vFkZ & ;s ¼O;kikjh fL=;k¡½ /ku ds fy, g¡lrh vkSj jksrh gSaA iq#’k dks fo”okl fnykrh gSa] fdUrq ¼Lo;a iq#’k dk½
fo”okl ugha djrh gSaA blfy, vPNs dqy ,oa LoHkko okys iq#’k dks pkfg, fd og os”;kvksa dks “e”kku Hkwfe ds
Qwy ds leku NksM+ nsA
leqnzohpho pyLoHkkok% la/;kHkzys[kso eqgwrZjkxk%A
fL=;ks ârkFkkZ% iq#’ka fujFk± fu’ihfMrkyDrdoÙ;tfUrAA15AA
vUo;% & leqnzohph bo] pyLoHkkok%] lU/;kHkzys[kk] bo] eqgwrZjkxk%] fL=;%] ârkFkkZ%] ¼lR;%½] fujFkZe~] iq#’ka]
fu’ihfMrkyDrdor~] R;tfUrA15A
vFkZ & lkxj dh ygjksa ds leku papy LoHkko okyh] lk;adkyhu cknyksa dh js[kk ds leku {k.k Hkj ds fy,
jkx ¼cknyksa ds i{k esa&ykfyek ,oa fL=;ksa ds i{k esa & izse½ okyh fL=;k¡ ¼os”;k;sa½ /ku ysdj ds ¼ckn esa½ fu/kZu
gq, euq’; dks] fupksM+s x;s egkoj ¼vyDrd½ ds leku] NksM+ nsrh gSaA
vU;a euq’;a ân;su d`Rok vU;a rrks n`f’VfHkjkg~o;fUrA
vU;= eqapfUr enizlsdeU;a “kjhjs.k p dke;UrsAA16AA
vUo;% & ¼fL=;%½] ân;su] vU;e~ euq’;e~] d`Rok] rr%] vU;e~ n`f’VfHk%] vkg~o;fUr] vU;=] enizlsde~] eqapfUr]
“kjhjs.k] vU;e~] p] dke;UrsA16A
vFkZ & vius ân; esa nwljs iq#’k dks j[kdj mlls fdlh nwljs iq#’k dks vk¡[k ds b”kkjksa ls cqykrh gSaA mlls Hkh
nwljs iq#’k ij efnjk dk dqYyk djrh gSa vkSj viuh “kjhj ls ¼mlls Hkh fdlh½ vU; iq#’k dks pkgrh gSa vFkkZr~
vkfyaxu djrh gSaA
u ioZrkxzs ufyuh izjksgfr
u xnZHkk okft/kqja ogfUrA
;ok% izdh.kkZ u HkofUr “kky;ks
u os”ktkrk% “kqp;LrFkkaxuk%AA17AA
vUo;% & ioZrkxzs] ufyuh] u] izjksgfr] xnZHkk%] okft/kqje~] u] ogfUr] izdh.kkZ%] ;ok%] “kky;%] u] Hkofr] rFkk]
os”ktkrk%] vaxuk%] “kqp;%] u] ¼HkofUr½A17A
vFkZ & igkM+ dh pksVh ij deyyrk ugha mxrh gSA x/ks ?kksM+s ds Hkkj dks ugha <ksrs gSaA ¼[ksr esa½ cks, gq, tkS
/kku ugha gks tkrs gSaA blh izdkj os”;k ds ?kj esa iSnk gqbZ fL=;k¡ ifo= ugha gksrh gSA
Nk;kFk± xzh’elarIrks ;kesokga lekfJr%A
vtkurk e;k lSo i=S% “kk[kk fo;ksftrkAA18AA
vUo;% & xzh’elUrIr%] vge~] Nk;kFkZe~] ;ke~] ,o] lekfJr] vtkurk] e;k] lk] ,o] “kk[kk] i=S%] fo;ksftrkA18A
vFkZ & xehZ ls ijs”kku gq, eSaus Nk¡g ds fy, ftl Mkyh dk vkJ; fy;k] mlh dks vutkus esa eSaus gh iÙkksa ls
ghu cuk fn;kA vFkkZr~ viuh dkekfXu ls ijs”kku gksdj eSa ftl ôlUrlsuk* ls ênfudk* dks NqM+kuk pkgk mlh
ôlUrlsuk* dk vkHkw’k.k pqjk;kA okLro esa ;g Hkwy gks x;hA
fL=;ks fg uke [kYosrk fulxkZnso if.Mrk%A
iq#’kk.kka rq ikf.MR;a “kkL=Sjsoksifjn”;rsAA19AA
vUo;% & okLro esa] ;s fL=;k¡ tUe ls gh prqj gksrh gSaA iq#’kksa dh prqjrk rks “kkL=ksa ds }kjk gh fl[kkbZ xbZ
gksrh gS vFkkZr~ “kkL= i<+us ds ckn gh iq#’k prqj gksrs gSaA19A
u [kyq ee fo’kkn% lkgls·fLeUHk;a ok
dFk;fl fg fdeFk± rL; lk/kksxqZ.kkaLRoe~ \A
tu;fr ee osna dqfRlra deZ yTtka
uìfrfjg “kBkuka ekn`”kka fda uq dq;kZr~ \AA20AA
vUo;% & vfLeu~] lkgls] ee] fo’kkn%] ok] Hk;e~] u] [kyq%] ¼vfLr½] Roe~] rL;] lk/kks%] xq.kku~] fdeFk±] dFk;fl \
fg] bne~] dqfRle~] deZ] ok] ee] yTtke~] tu;fr] bg] uìfr%] ekn`”kke~] “kBkuke~] fde~] uq] dq;kZr~ \A20A
vFkZ & “kfoZyd & bl pksjh ds dke esa] lpeqp] eq>s u rks iNrkok gh gS vkSj u jktk ds n.M vkfn dk Mj
ghA ,slh gkyr esa rqe lTtu mu vk;Z ^pk#nÙk* ds dìk vkfn xq.kksa dh ckr D;ksa dg jgh gks \ vjs ! eSaus rks
pksjh :i ftl cqjs dke dks fd;k gS] ogha eq>s esjh yTtk mRiUu dj jgk gSA ugha rks bl fo’k; esa jktk ge
tSls /kwrks± dk dj gh D;k ldrk gS \ vFkkZr~ dqN ugha dj ldrkA
e;kIrk egrh cqf)HkZorheuqxPNrkA
fu”kk;ka u’VpUnzk;ka nqyZHkks ekxZn”kZd%AA21AA
vUo;% & Hkorhe~] vuqxPNrk] e;k] egrh] cqf)%] vkIrk] u’V&pUnzk;ke~~] fu”kk;ke~] ekxZn”kZd%] nqyZHk% ¼Hkofr½A21A
vFkZ & “kfoZyd & rqEgkjs vuqlkj pydj eSaus cM+h cqf) ikbZ gSA ftl jkr esa pUnzek Mwc tkrk gS] ml jkr esa
jkg crykus okyk nqyZHk gksrk gSA
xq.ks’oso fg dÙkZO;% iz;Ru% iq#’kS% lnkA
xq.k;qDrks nfjnzks·fi us”ojSjxq.kS% le%AA22AA
vUo;% & iq#’kS% lnk] xq.ks’kq] ,o] iz;Ru%] dÙkZO;%] fg] xqk;qDr%] nfjnz%] vfi] vxq.kS%] bZ”ojS%] le%] u] ¼Hkofr½A22A
bdkbZ&1 54
vFkZ & euq’;ksa dks ges”kk vPNs xq.kksa dks ikus ds fy, iz;Ru djuk pkfg, D;ksafd xq.koku~ nfjnz Hkh xq.kghu
/kfudksa ds leku ugha ¼cfYd muls c<+ dj gS½A
xq.ks’kq ;Ru% iq#’ks.k dk;ksZ u fdafpn~izkI;rea xq.kkuke~A
xq.kizd’kkZnqMqisu “kaHkksjya?kÓeqYyaf?kreqÙkekaxe~AA23AA
vUo;% & iq#’ks.k] xq.ks’kq] ;Ru%] dk;Z%] xq.kkuka fdafpr~] vfi] vizkI;rea] u] ¼vfLr½] mMqisu] xq.kizd’kkZr~] vya?kÓe~]
“kEHkks%] mÙkekaxe~] yaf?kre~A23A
vFkZ & euq’; dks ges”kk vPNs xq.kksa ¼n;k] ijksidkj vkfn dh izkfIr½ esa mik; djuk pkfg,A D;ksafd xq.kksa vFkkZr~
xq.kh tuksa ds fy, dqN Hkh nqyZHk ugha gSA rkjkvksa ds jktk pUnzek us ¼viuh “khryrk vkfn½ xq.kksa dh egÙkk ds
dkj.k gh fdlh Hkh izk.kh ds }kjk u yka?ks tkus okys Hkxoku~ f”koth ds eLrd dks yka?k fy;k vFkkZr~ eLrd ij
cSB x;sA
lqn`’V% fØ;rkeso f”kjlk oU|rka tu%A
;= rs nqyZHka izkIra o/kw”kCnkoxq.Bue~AA24AA
vUo;% & ,’k%] tu%] lqn`’V%] fØ;rke~] ¼rFkk½] f”kjlk] oU|rka] ;=] rs] nqyZHka] o/kw”kCnkoxq.Bua] izkIre~A24A
vFkZ & ôlUrlsuk* dks Hkyh Hkkafr ns[k yks vkSj f”kj >qdk dj iz.kke dj yksA ftu dh dìk ls rqeus nqyZHk cgq
“kCn :i ?kw¡?kV ik;k gS vFkkZr~ ftl ôlUrlsuk* dh dìk ls [kqys :i esa jgus okyh rqe os”;k ls vc ?kw¡?kV esa
jgus okyh o/kw gks x;h gksA
};fenerho yksds fiz;a ujk.kka lqâPp ofurk pA
laizfr rq lqUnjh.kka “krknfi lqâf}f”k’Vre%AA25AA
vUo;% & yksds] lqân] ofurk] p] bna] };a] ujk.kke~] vrho] fiz;a] rq] lEizfr] lqUnjh.kka] “krkr~] vfi] lqân~]
fof”k’Vre% ¼vfLr½A25A
vFkZ & bl nqfu;k¡ esa fe= vkSj L=h nksuksa gh & euq’;ksa dks cgqr fiz; gSaA fdUrq bl le; ¼tcfd fe= dkjkxj
esa gS½ lSadM+ksa lqUnj fL=;ksa ls Hkh fe= c<+dj gSaA
KkrhfUoVku~ LoHkqtfoØeyC/ko.kkZu~
jktkiekudqfirk”p ujsUnzHk`R;ku~A
mÙkst;kfe lqân% ifjeks{k.kk;
;kSxU/kjk;.k boksn;uL; jkK%AA26AA
vUo;% & mn;uL;] jkK%] ;kSxU/kjk;.k%] bo] lqân%] ifjeks{k.kk;] Kkrhu~] foVku~] LoHkqtfoØeyC/ko.kkZu~]
jktkiekudqfirku~] ujsUnzHk`R;ku~] p] mÙkst;kfeA26A
vFkZ & mn;u uked jktk dks NqMk+ us ds fy;s eU=h ;kSxU/kjkt dh rjg eSa fe= vk;Zd dks dkjkxkj ls NqM+kus
ds fy;s viuh tkfr ds vknfe;ksa] foVksa] viuh Hkqtkvksa ds ijkØe ls ;”k ikus okyksa] jktk ds }kjk fd;s x;s
vieku ls xqLlk;s gq, jktk ds deZpkfj;ksa dks mÙksftr djrk gw¡A
fiz;lqânedkj.ks x`ghra
fjiqfHkjlk/kqfHkjkfgrkRe”kadS%A
ljHklefHkiR; eksp;kfe
fLFkrfeo jkgqeq[ks “k”kkadfcEce~AA27AA
vUo;% & vdkj.ks] vkfgrkRe”kadS%] vlk/kqfHk%] fjiqfHk%] x`ghra] jkgqeq[ks “k”kkadfcEce~] bo] fLFkra] fiz;lqâna] ljHkle~]
vfHkiR;] eksp;kfeA27A
vFkZ & fouk dkj.k ds gh vius eu esa Hk; djus okys] nq’V “k=qvksa ds }kjk idM+ dj cUn fd;s x;s] vr,o jkgq
ds eq¡g esa orZeku pUnzek ds e.My ds leku fiz; fe= ^vk;Zd* dks vpkud geyk cksy dj NqM+krk gw¡A
ijx`gyfyrk% ijkUuiq’Vk% ijiq#’kStZfurk% ijkaxuklqA
ij/kufujrk xq.ks’ookP;k xtdyHkk bo cU/kqyk yye%AA28AA
vUo;% & ijx`gyfyrk%] ijkUuiq’Vk%] ijiq#’kS%] ijkaxuklq] tfurk%] ij/kufujrk%] xq.ks’kq] vokP;k%] ¼o;a½ cU/kqyk%]
xtdyHkk%] bo] yyke%A28A
vFkZ & cU/kqyksx & okLro esa nwljs ds ?kj esa izseiwoZd jgus okys] nwljksa ds nkus ls iys gq,] nwljs iq#’kksa ds }kjk
nwljs dh fL=;ksa esa iSnk fd;s x;s] ijk;s /ku dks vkuan ls [kkus okys] xq.kksa ls ghu ¼ge½ cU/kqy yksx gkfFk;ksa ds
cPpksa ds leku fogkj djrs gSaA
ek nko tb fo ,lks mTtyks
flf.k)ks y lqva/kks vA
rg fo elk.koh/kh, tkVks fov
paiv#D[kks v.kfgxe.khvks yksvLlAA29AA
ek rko||I;s’k mTToy%
flzX/k”p lqxU/k”pA
rFkkfi “e”kkuohF;ka tkr bo
pEido`{kks·ufHkxeuh;ks yksdL;AA29AA
vUo;% & ek] rkor~] ;|fi] ,’k%] mTtoy%] fLuX/k%] p] lqxU/k%] p] ¼vfLr½] rFkkfi] “e”kkuohF;ke~] tkr%]
pEido`{k%] bo] yksdL;] vufHkxeuh;%] ¼vfLr½A29A
vFkZ & ,slh ckr ugha gSA ;|fi ;g lq?kM+ rFkk fpduk&pqiM+k ,oa lqxfU/kr gSA fdUrq fQj Hkh “e”kku dh xyh
esa mxs gq, pEik ds isM+ dh rjg ;g yksxksa ds fy;s R;kT; gSA
lh/kq lqjkloefÙkv ,vkoRFka xnk fg vfÙkvkA

tb ejb ,RFk vfÙkvk Hkksfn flvkylgLliTtfÙkvkAA30AA
lh/kqlqjkloeÙkk ,okonoLFkka xrk fg ekrkA
;fn fez;rs·= ekrk Hkofr J`xkylglzi;kZfIrdkAA30AA
bdkbZ&1 56
vUo;% & lh/kqlqjkloeÙkk] ekrk] ,rkonoLFkke~] xrk] fg] ;fn] v=] ekrk] fez;rs] ¼rq½] J`xkylglzi;kZfIrdk]
HkofrA30A
vFkZ & lh/kq] lqjk ,oa vklo ¼;s rhuksa fHkUu&fHkUu efnjkvksa ds uke gS½ ls erokyh ¼;g rqe yksxksa dh½ ekrk bl
gkyr dks izkIr gks x;h gSA ;fn bl le; ;g ekrk ej tkrh gS rks gtkjksa fl;kjksa dh ¼isV&½ iwfrZ gksxhA
,lks vlksvoqPNks .kof.kXxedqlqeiYyoks HkkfnA
lqHkMks Oo lejeT>s ?k.kyksfgniadpfPpDdksAA31AA
vUo;% & uofuxZrdqlqeiYyo%] ,’k%] v”kksdo`{k%] leje/;s] ?kuyksfgriadpfpZd%] lqHkV%] bo] HkkfrA31A
vFkZ & u;s fudys gq, Qwyksa ,oa iÙkksa ¼dksiyksa½ okyk ;g v”kksd dk isM+] yM+kbZ ds eSnku esa xk<+s [kwu :ih
dhpM+ ls yFkiFk gq, ohj ;ks)k dh Hkk¡fr] “kksHkk;eku gks jgk gSA
xq.kizokya fou;iz”kk[ka foJEHkewya eguh;iq’ie~A
r lk/kqo`{ka Loxq.kS% Qyk<Óa lqâf}gaxk% lq[kekJ;fUr \AA32AA
vUo;% & xq.kizokya] fou;iz”kk[ka] foJEHkewya] eguh;iq’ie~] Loxq.kS%] Qyk<~;a] ra] lk/kqo`{ka] lqâf}gaxk%] lq[ke~]
vkJ;fUr \A32A
vFkZ & olUrlsuk & vk;Z eS=s; ! D;k bl le;] ftlds xq.k gh dksaiysa gSa] uezrk gh Mkfy;k¡ gSa] fo”okl gh
tM+ gS] egkurk gh Qwy gS ,sls vius xq.kksa ds }kjk Qyifjiw.kZ ml lTtu pk#nÙk :ih o`{k ij fe= :ih i{kh
lq[kiwoZd vkJ; ysrs gSa \
mn;Urq uke es?kk Hkorq fu”kk o’kZefojra irrqA
x.k;kfe uSo lo± nf;rkfHkeq[ksu ân;suAA33AA
vUo;% & es?kk%] mn;Urq] uke%] fu”kk] Hkorq] vfojre~] o’k±] irrq] ¼vga½ nf;rkfHkeq[ksu] ân;su] lo±] uSo]
x.k;kfeA33A
vFkZ & olUrlsuk & ?kVk,¡ Hkys gh f?kj vk;s] jkr gks tk;] yxkrkj ikuh fxjrk jgs] fQj Hkh eSa fiz;re ls
feyus ds fy;s rM+ius okys ân; ds dkj.k bu lcdh dqN Hkh ijokg ugha djrhA
iapeks·ad
vkyksfdra x`gf”k[kf.MfHk#RdykiS&
g±lSf;Z;klqfHkjikd`reqUeuLdS%A
vkdkfyd lifn nqfnZueUrfj{k&
eqRdf.BrL; ân;a p lea #.kf)AA1AA
vUo;% & mRdykiS%] x`gf”k[kf.MfHk%] vkyksfdra] f;;klqfHk%] mUeuLdS%] galS%] vikd`re~] vkdkfyde~] nqfnZue~]
lifn] vUrjf{ke~] mRdf.BrL;] ân;e~] p] lee~] #.kf)A1A
vFkZ & ¼blds ckn vklu ij cSBk gqvk mRdf.Br pk#nÙk izos”k djrk gS½
pk#nÙk & ¼Åij dh vksj ns[kdj½ dqle; esa gh nqfnZu ¼>M+h yxkus okyk dkyk& dkyk es?k½ meM+ jgk gSA tks
;g & Åij dh vksj ia[k fNrjk, gq, ikyrw eksjksa ds }kjk ¼vkuUn ds lkFk½ ns[kk x;k] ¼ekuljksoj dks½ tkus dh
bPNk okys f[kUu&eu galksa ds }kjk frjLd`r fd;k x;k dqle; dk ;g nqfnZu ¼es?kksa ls ;qDr fnu½ “kh?kz gh
vkleku rFkk fojgh vkneh ds ân; dks lkFk&lkFk vkPNUu dj jgk gSA
es?kks tyknzZefg’kksnjHkàxuhyks
fo|qRizHkkjfprihriVksÙkjh;%A
vkHkkfr lagrcykdx`ghr”ka[k%
[ka ds”koks·ij bokØferaq izo`Ùk%AA2AA
vUo;% & tyknzZefg’kksnjHk`x a uhy%] fo|qRizHkkjfprihriVksÙkjh;%] lagrcykdx`ghr”ka[k%] vij%] ds”ko%] bo] [ke~]
vkØferaq] izo`Ùk%] es?k] vkHkkfrA2A
vFkZ & ikuh ls Hkhxs gq, HkSals ds mnj ,oa HkkSajs ds leku uhyk] fctyh dh ped :ih cus gq, ihrkEcj dk
nqiV~Vk /kkj.k djus okyk ¼fo’.kq ds i{k esa & fctyh dh ped ds leku cuk gqvk ihrkEcj gh gSa nqiV~Vk
ftldk½] bdV~Bh gqbZ cxqyksa dh ik¡r :ih “ka[k dks ysus okyk ¼fo’.kq ds i{k esa & bdV~Bh gqbZ cxqyksa dh ik¡r dh
Hkk¡fr fy;k gS] ikaptU; uked “ka[k ftlus½] okeu:i/kkjh nwljs fo’.kq ds leku vkdk”k dks O;kIr djus ds fy;s
rS;kj es?k “kksfHkr gks jgk gSA
ds”koxk=”;ke% dqfVycykdkoyhjfpr”ka[k%A
fo|qn~xq.kdkS”ks;”pØ/kj boksUurks es?k%AA3AA
vUo;% & ds”kokxk=”;ke%] dqfVycykdkoyhjfpr”ka[k%] fo|qn~xq.kdkS”ks;%] es?k%] pØ/kj%] bo] mUur%A3A
vFkZ & fo’.kq dh “kjhj ds leku lk¡oyk] cxqyksa dh Vs<+h ik¡r :ih “ka[k dks /kkj.k djus okyk] fctyh :ih /kkxs
ls cuk gqvk ihrkEcj iguus okyk ;g ckny fo’.kq ds leku meM+ jgk gSA
,rk fuf’kDrjtrnzolafudk”kkA
/kkjk tosu ifrrk tynksnjsH;%A
fo|qRiznhif”k[k;k {k.kn`’Vu’Vk&
f”NUuk bokEcjiVL; n”kk% irfUrAA4AA
vUo;% & fuf’kDrjtrnzolafudk”kk%] tynksnjsH;%] tosu] ifrrk%] fo|qRiznhif”k[k;k& {k.kn`’Vu’Vk%] ,rk%] /kkjk%]
vEcjiVL;] fNUuk%] n”kk%] bo] irfUrA4A
vFkZ & fNM+ds gq, pk¡nh ds nzo tSlh] cknyksa ds mnj ls osx ds lkFk fxjrh gqbZ fctyh :ih nhid dh ykS ds
dkj.k {k.k Hkj ds fy;s fn[kyk;h iM+dj vn`”; gks tkus okyh] ;s ty dh /kkjk,¡ vkdk”k :ih diM+s ds VwVs gq,
Nksj ds leku fxj jgh gSa vFkkZr~ ;s /kkjk,¡ ,slh ekywe iM+rh gSa ekuks vkdk”k :ih QVs diM+s ds lwr fxj jgs
gksA
lalDrSfjo pØokdfeFkquSg±lS% izMhuSfjo
O;kfo)Sfjo ehupØedjSgZE;SZfjo izksfPNªrS%A
rSLrSjkd`frfoLrjSjuqxrSesZ?kS% leH;qUurS%
i=PNs|feosg Hkkfr xxua fo”ysf’krSokZ;qukAA5AA
bdkbZ&1 58
vUo;% & lalDrS%] pØokdfeFkquS] bo] izMhuS%] galS%] bo] O;kfo)S%] ehupØedjS%] bo%] izksfPNªrS%] gE;SZ%] bo%] rS%] rS%]
vkd`frfoLrjS%] ok;quk] fo”ysf’krS%] vuqxrS%] leqUurS%] es?kS%] bg] xxua] i=PNs|e~] bo] HkkfrA5A
vFkZ & vkil esa feys gq, pØokd ds tksM+ksa ds leku] mM+rs gq, galksa dh Hkk¡fr] Qsads gq, eNfy;ksa ds >q.M rFkk
exjksa dh rjg] Å¡ps&Å¡ps egyksa tSls] fHkUu&fHkUu vkdkj ls QSyus okys] gok dh >ksadksa ls fNUu&fHkUu ,d
nwljksa ds ihNs pyus okys] meM+rs gq, cky ds }kjk ;gk¡ vkdk”k fp= dh Hkk¡fr lq”kksfHkr gks jgk gSA
,rÙk)`rjk’VªoD=ln`”ka es?kkU/kdkja uHkks
â’Vks xtZfr pkfrnfiZrcyks nq;ksZ/kuks ok f”k[khA
v{k|wrftrks ;qf/kf’Bj bok/okua xr% dksfdyks
galk laizfr ik.Mok bo ouknKkrp;k± xrk%AA6AA
vUo;% & es?kkU/kdkje~] ,rr~] uHk%] r)`rjk’VªoD=ln`”ka] ¼orZrs½] vfrnfiZrcy%] f”k[kh] nq;ksZ/ku%] ok] â’V%] ¼lu~½]
xtZfr] dksfdy%] v{k|wrftr%] ;qf/kf’Bj%] bo] v/okua] xr%] lEizfr] galk%] ik.Mok] bo] oukr~] vKkrp;k±]
xrk%A6A
vFkZ & cknyksa ds dkj.k v¡/ksjk ;g vkdk”k ml /k`rjk’Vª ds eq[k ds leku gS ¼/k`rjk’Vª dk eq¡g Hkh vk¡[kksa ds u
gksus ls vU/kdkj iw.kZ Fkk vkSj vkdk”k dh Hkh lw;Z& pUnzek :ih nksuksa vk¡[ksa cknyksa esa u’V gks x;h gSa½A vR;Ur
vfHkekuh lsuk gS ftldh ,sls izlUu nq;ksZ/ku dh Hkk¡fr ?ke.M dks lwfpr dj jgk gS :i ftldk ,slk eksj izlUu
gksdj xjt jgk gSA dks;y ik¡ls ds }kjk tq, esa gkjs gq, ;qf/kf’Bj ds leku ekSu ¼;qf/kf’Bj ds i{k esa & ^v?oku*
ds ekus ou ekxZ½ dks izkIr gks x;h gSA bl le; gal ik.Moksa ds leku ou ¼galksa ds i{k esa ty vkSj ik.Moksa ds
i{k esa & ouokl½ ls vKkrokl ¼vFkkZr~ ekuljksoj½ dks pys x;s gSaA
;a lekyEC; fo”okla U;klks·Leklq r;k d`r%A
rL;SrUegrks ewY;a izR;;L;so nh;rsAA7AA
vUo;% & r;k] ;a] fo”okla] lekyEC;] vLeklq] U;kl%] d`r%] rL;] egr%] izR;;L;] ,o] ,rr~] ewY;a] iznh;rsA7A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & fe= ! ,slh ckr er dgksA mlus ftl fo”okl ds Hkjksls gekjs ikl /kjksgj j[kh] ml cgqr
cM+s fo”okl dh gh ;g dher pqdk;h tk jgh gSA
osxa djksfr rqjxLRofjra iz;krqa
izk.kO;;kUu pj.kkLrq rFkk ogfUrA
loZ= ;kfUr iq#’kL; pyk% LoHkkok%
f[kUukLrrks ân;eso iqufoZ”kfUrAA8AA
vUo;% & rqjx%] Rofjra] iz;krqa] osxa] djksfr] rq] izk.kO;;kr~] ¼rL;½] pj.kk%] rFkk] u] ogfUr] ¼bRFka½] iq#’kL;] pyk%]
LoHkkok%] loZ=] ;kfUr ¼fdUrq½] rr%] f[kUuk%] iqu%] ân;e~] ,o] fo”kfUrA8A
vFkZ & ?kksM+k tYnh tkus ds fy;s osx djrk gSA fdUrq detksjh ds dkj.k iSj ml izdkj ugha pyrs gSaA ¼blh
izdkj½ iq#’k ds papy LoHkko vFkkZr~ euksjFk pkjksa vksj tkrs gSa] fdUrq ¼lQyrk u feyus ij½ mnkl gksdj fQj
ân; esa gh ykSV vkrs gSa vFkkZr~ xjhc dh lkjh bPNk,¡ /ku ds fcuk mlds eu esa gh lM+ tkrh gSaA blh rjg
olUrlsuk dks ikus dh esjh Hkh bPNk eu esa gh jg tk jgh gSA
;L;kFkkZLrL; lk dkUrk /kugk;ks± álkS tu%A

¼Loxre~½ u xq.kgk;ksZ álkS tu%A ¼izdk”ke~½
o;eFkSZ% ifjR;Drk uuq R;DrSo lk e;kAA9AA
vUo;% & ;L;] vFkkZ%] ¼lfUr½] rL;] lk] dkUrk] ¼vfLr½] fg] vlkS] tu%] /kugk;Z%] ¼vfLr½] o;a] vFkSZ%] ifjR;Drk%]
¼vr%½] uuq] lk] e;k] R;Drk] ,oA9A
vFkZ & vkSj Hkh fe= ! ftl vkneh ds ikl /ku gS mlh dh og olUrlsuk fiz;k gSA D;ksafd ;g tu ¼os”;k
olUrlsuk½ /ku ds }kjk gh o”k esa djus ds yk;d gS vFkkZr~ o”k esa gksrh gSA
¼vius vki½ ugha] ;g tu olUrlsuk xq.kksa ds }kjk o”k esa djus yk;d gSA
¼Li’V :i esa½ /ku us ge yksxksa dks NksM+ fn;k gSA blfy;s esjs }kjk rks og olUrlsuk NksM+ gh nh x;h gSA
t/kk t/kk o””kfn vCHk[kaMs r/kk r/kk frLefn iqfV~BpEesA
t/kk t/kk yXxfn “khnokns r/kk r/kk osofn es gyDdsAA10AA
;Fkk ;Fkk o’kZR;Hkz[k.Ma rFkk rFkk frE;fr i`’BpeZA
;Fkk ;Fkk yxfr “khrokrLrFkk rFkk osirs es ân;e~AA10AA
vUo;% & ;Fkk] ;Fkk] vHkz[k.Ma] o’kZfr] rFkk] rFkk] i`’BpeZ] frE;fr] ;Fkk] ;Fkk] “khrokr%] yxfr] rFkk] rFkk] es
ân;a] osirsA10A
vFkZ & psV & ¼izos”k djds½ euq’;ksa ! le>ks ¼fd½ tSls tSls cknyksa dk VqdM+k cjl jgk gS] oSls oSls ihB dk
peM+k Hkhx jgk gSA tSls tSls B.Mh gok yx jgh gS] oSls oSls esjk ân; dk¡i jgk gSA
oa”ka ok, “krfPNÌa “kq”kÌa
oh.k ok, “kÙkrafra .knafraA
xhva xk, xÌg””kk.kqywva ds
es xk.ks rqacqyw .kkyns okAA11AA
oa”ka okn;kfe lIrfPNnza lq”kCna
oh.kka okn;kfe lIrrU=ha unUrhe~A
xhra xk;kfe xnZHkL;kuq:ia
dks es xkus rqEcq#ukZjnks okAA11AA
vUo;% & lIrfNnza = lkr Nsnksa okyh] lq”kCna = lqUnj “kCn okyh] oa”ka = ck¡lqjh dks] okn;kfe = ctkrk gw¡A
lIrrU=ha = lkr rkrksa okyh] unUrha = >adkj djrh gqbZ] oh.kka = oh.kk dks] okn;kfe = ctkrk gw¡A xnZHkL; =
x/kk ds] vuq:ia = leku] xhra = xhr dks] xk;kfe = xkrk gw¡] es = esjs] xkus = xkus esa vFkkZr~ xkus ds leku~
rqEcq#% = rqEcq# uked xU/koZ] ok = vFkok] ukjn% = ukjn eqfu] d% = dkSu ¼gS½\A11A
bdkbZ&1 60
vFkZ & lkr Nsnksa okyh rFkk lqUnj “kCn okyh ck¡lqjh ctkrk gw¡A lkr rkjksa okyh >adkj djrh gqbZ oh.kk ctkrk
gw¡A x/ks ds leku xkuk xkrk gw¡A esjs xkus ij rqEcq# vkSj ukjn dkSu gSa \ vFkkZr~ esjs xkus ds lkeus os yksx Hkh
dqN ugha gSaA
vin~ek Jhjs’kk izgj.keuaxL; yfyra
dqyL=h.kka “kksdks enuojo`{kL; dqlqee~A
lyhya xPNUrh jfrle;yTtkiz.kf;uh
jfr{ks=s jaxs fiz;ifFkdlkFkSZjuqxrkAA12AA
vUo;% & jfrle;yTtkiz.kf;uh] fiz;ifFkdlkFksZ%] vuqxrk] jaxs] ¼bo½] jfr{ks=s] lyhya] xPNUrh] ,’kk] vin~ek] Jh%]
vuaxL;] yfyra] izgj.ka] dqyL=h.kka] “kksd%] enuojo`{kL;] dqlqee~ ¼vfLr½A12A
vFkZ & foV & ¼olUrlsuk dks mÌs”; djds½ lEHkksx ds le; ytkusokyh] ifFkdksa ds fiz; lewgksa ls vuqxeu dh
tkus okyh] ukVd?kj dh Hkk¡fr ¼vkuUn nsus okys½ ladsr & LFkku esa gko&Hkko ds lkFk tkrh gqbZ ;g olUrlsuk
fcuk dey dh y{eh gS] dkensodk lqdqekj vL= gS] dqyhu fL=;ksa dk lk{kkr~ “kksd gS ¼D;ksafd bldh lqUnjrk
ls f[kapdj dqyiq= os”;kxkeh cu tkrs gSaA vr% mudh fL=;k¡ “kksd djrh gSa½ rFkk dke:ih lqUnj o`{k dk Qwy
gSA
xtZfUr “kSyf”k[kjs’kq foyfEcfcEck
es?kk fo;qDrofurkân;kuqdkjk%A
;s’kka jos.k lglksRifrrSeZ;wjS%
[ka ohT;rs ef.ke;Sfjo rkyoÙrS%AA13AA
vUo;% & fo;qDrofurkân;kuqdkjk%] “kSyf”k[kjs’kq] foyfEcfcEck%] es?kk%] xtZfUr] ;s’kka] jos.k] lglk] mRifrrS%] e;wjS%]
ef.ke;S%] rkyoÙrS%] [ka ozhT;rs] boA13A
vFkZ & olUrlsuk ns[kks&ns[kks & fojfg.kh fL=;ksa ds ân; ds leku efyu] ioZr dh pksfV;ksa ij yVdrs gq,
vkdkj okys ckny xjt jgs gSaA ftuds xjtus ls vpkud mM+s gq, eksjksa ds }kjk vius ia[k :ih ef.ke;
rkyoÙrksa ls ekuks vkdk”k dks ia[k fd;k tk jgk gSA
iadfDyUueq[kk% ficfUr lfyya /kkjkgrk nnqZjk%
d.Ba eqapfr cfgZ.k% lenuks uhi% iznhik;rsA
laU;kl% dqynw’k.kSfjo tuSesZ?kSo`Zr”pUnzek
fo|qUuhpdqyksn~xrso ;qofruSZd= lafr’BrsAA14AA
vUo;% & /kkjkgrk%] iadfDUueq[kk%] nqnZjk%] lfyya] ficfUr] lenu%] cfgZ.k%] d.Ba] eqapfr] uhi%] iznhik;rs]
dqynw’k.kS%] tuS%] laU;kl%] bo] es?kS%] pUnzek] o`r%] uhpdqyksn~xrk] ;qofr%] bo] fo|qr~] ,d=] u] lfUr’BrsA14A
vFkZ & ¼ikuh dh½ /kkjk ls rkfMr ,oa dhpM+ ls yFk&iFk eq¡gokys esa<d ikuh ih jgs gSaA dkekrqj eksj ehBh
vkokt esa cksy jgk gSA dnEc dk isM+ nhid lk ekywe iM+ jgk gSA cknyksa ds }kjk pUnzek mlh izdkj <¡d
fy;k x;k gS ftl izdkj dqy dks nwf’kr djus okys yksxksa ds }kjk laU;kl ¼dyafdr dj fn;k tkrk gS½] uhp
dqy esa iSnk gqbZ ;qorh ds leku fctyh ,d LFkku ij ugha Bgj jgh gSA
ew<s ! fujUrji;ks/kj;k e;So
dkUr% lgkfHkjers ;fn fda rok= \
eka xftZrSjfi eqgqfoZfuokj;Urh
ekx± #.kf) dqfirso fu”kk liRuhAA15AA
vUo;% & dqfirk] liRuh] bo] fu”kk] gs ew<s ! fujUrji;ks/kj;k] e;k] ,o] lg] dkUr%] ;fn] vfHkjers] ¼rnk½] v=]
ro] fde~ \] ¼bZn`”kS%½] xftZrS% vfi] eqg%q ] fofuokj;Urh] ¼ee½] ekx±] #.kf)A15A
vFkZ & olUrlsuk & Jheku~ th ! vki dk dguk Bhd gSA ;g dqfir gqbZ jkf= ds leku jkr&ew[kZ ! ;fn ?kus
i;ks/kj ¼jkr ds i{k esa ckny] jkf= ds i{k esa & Lru½ okyh esjs gh lkFk fiz;re ¼jkr ds i{k esa & pUnzek] jkf=
ds i{k esa & pk#nÙk½ je.k djrk gS rks bl esa rqEgkjk D;k \ ¼bl izdkj ds½ ckj&ckj xjtus ls Hkh ckjEckj
eq>s euk djrh gqbZ jkLrk jksd jgh gSA
es?kk o’kZUrq xtZUrq eqapURo”kfueso okA
x.k;fUr u “khrks’.ka je.kkfHkeq[kk% fL=;%AA16AA
vUo;% & es?kk%] o’kZUrq] xtZUrq] ok] v”kfue~] ,o] eqapUrq% ¼ijUrq½] je.kkfHkeq[kk%] fL=;%] “khrks’.ka] u] x.k;fUrA16A
vFkZ & ckny cjlsa] xjtsa vFkok otz gh fxjk nsaA ¼ijUrq½ izseh ds lkFk je.k djus ds fy;s tkrh gqbZ fL=;k¡
B.Md&xehZ dh ijokg ugha djrh gSaA
ioupiyosx% LFkwy/kkjk”kjkS?k%
LrfuriVgukn% Li’Vfo|qRirkd%A
gjfr djlewga [ks “k”kkadL; es?kks
uì bo iqje/;s eUnoh;ZL; “k=ks%AA17AA
vUo;% & ioupiosx%] LFkwy/kkjk”kjkS?k%] LrfuriVgukn%] Li’Vfo|qRirkd%] es?k%] eUnoh;ZL;] “k=ks%] iqje/;s] uì%]
bo%] [ks] “k”kkadL;] djlewga] gjfrA17A
vFkZ & foV & olUrlsuk ! ns[kks] ns[kks ! ;g nwljk & ¼ckny vkSj fot;h jktk dk ,d lkFk o.kZu½ ¼ikuh dh½
eksVh /kkjk,¡ gh ftlds ck.k ds lewg gSa] ftldk xjtuk gh uxkM+s dh vkokt gS] Li’V fctyh ftldh irkdk
gS] ,slk es?k vkdk”k esa pUnzek dh fdj.kksa dks mlh izdkj ls Nhu ys jgk gS vFkkZr~ fNik ns jgk gS tSls gok dh
Hkk¡fr papy xfr okyk] eksVh eksVh /kkjkvksa tSlk ck.k&lewg okyk] cknyksa dh xM+xM+kgV ds rqY; yM+kbZ ds
uxkM+s dh vkokt okyk] pedrh gqbZ fctyh dh Hkk¡fr irkdk okyk fot;h jktk eUn ijkØe okys “k=q ¼jktk½
ds dj ¼VSDl½ dks Nhu ysrk gSA ¼gj.k dj ysrk gS½A
,rSjso ;nk xtsUnzefyuSjk/ekryEcksnjS&
xZtZfn~Hk% lrfMn~cykd”kcySesZ?kS% l”kY;a eu%A
rfRda izksf’krHkr`Zo/;iVgks gk gk grk”kks cd%
bdkbZ&1 62
izko`V~ izko`fMfr czohfr “kB/kks% {kkja {krs izf{kiu~AA18AA

vUo;% & ;nk] xtsUnzefyuS%] vk?ekryEcksnjS%] lrfM}ykd”kcyS%] xtZfn~Hk%] ,rS%] es?kS%] ,o] eu%] l”kY;a] Hkofr]
gk] gk] rr~] izksf’krHkrZ̀o/;iVg%] grk”k%] “kB/kh%] cd%] {krs] {kkja] izf{kiu~] bo] fda] izko`V~] izko`V~] bfr] czohfrA18A
vFkZ & olUrlsuk & ,slk gh gSA rks D;ksa ;g nwljk & tc fd xtjktksa ds leku efyu Qwys gq, rFkk yVdrs
gq, mnj okys] fctyh ,oa cxqyksa ls ;qDr fprdcjs] xjtrs gq, bUgha cknyksa ds gh dkj.k fo;ksfxfu;ksa dk eu
dk¡Vs ls pqHk jgk gSA gk; gk; ! rc] ijns”k x;s gSa ifr ftuds ,slh fo;ksfxfu;ksa ds fy, o/k ds le; ctus
okys uxkM+s dh Hkk¡fr vHkkxk /kwrZ cqf)okyk cxqyk ?kko ij ued fNM+drk gqvk lk D;ksa o’kkZ] o’kkZ & bl izdkj
fpYyk jgk gSA
cykdkik.Mqjks’.kh’ka fo|qnqfR{kIrpkeje~A
eÙkokj.klk:I;a drqZdkefeokEcje~AA19AA
vUo;% & cykdkik.Mqjks’.kh’ka] fo|qnqfR{kIrpkeje~] vEcje~] eÙkokj.klk:I;a] drqZdkee~] bo] ¼izfrHkkfr½A19A
vFkZ & foV & olUrlsuk ! ;g ,slk gh gSA bl nwljs ¼n`”;½ dks ns[kks & cxqfy;k¡ gh ftldh lQsn ixM+h gSa]
fctyh gh ftldk Mqyk;k tkrk gqvk pkej gS] ,slk ;g vkdk”k] cxqfy;ksa ds leku ftldh lQsn ixM+h gS]
fctyh ds leku pkej ftl ij Mqyk;k tk jgk gS] ,sls eÙk gkFkh dh ekuksa lekurk djuk pkgrk gSA
,rSjknzZrekyi=efyuSjkihrlw;± uHkks
oYehdk% “kjrkfMrk bo xtk% lhnfUr /kkjkgrk%A
fo|qRdkapunhfidso jfprk izklknlapkfj.kh
T;ksRLuk nqcZyHkr`Zdso ofurk izksRlk;Z es?kSâZrkAA20AA
vUo;% & vknzZrekyi=efyuS%] ,rS%] ¼es?kS%½] uHk%] vkihrlw;±] ¼tkre~½ /kkjkgrk%] oYehdk%] “kjrkfMrk%] xtk%] bo]
lhnfUr] fo|qr~] izklknlapkfj.kh] dkapunhfidk] bo] jfprk] nqcZyHkr`Zdk] ofurk] bo] T;ksRLuk] es?kS%] izksRlk;Z]
ârkA20A
vFkZ & Jheku~ th ! nsf[k;s] nsf[k;s & xhys reky ds iÙkksa ds leku uhys jax ds bu cknyksa ds }kjk vkleku esa
lw;Z <d fn;k x;k gS] /kkjkvksa ls vkgr oYehd ¼nhedksa ds ?kj½] ck.k ls ekjs x;s gkfFk;ksa ds leku] u’V gks jgs
gSa] fctyh egyksa ij ?kweus okyh lksus ds nhid tSlh cuk yh x;h gS] detksj gS ifr ftldk ,slh L=h ds
leku pk¡nuh dk es?kksa us cyiwoZd gj.k dj fy;k gSA
,rs fg fo|qn~xq.kc)d{kk xtk bokU;ksU;efHknzoUr%A
“kØkK;k okfj/kjk% l/kkjk xka :I;jTToso leq)jfUrAA21AA
vUo;% & fo|qn~xq.kc)d{kk%] vU;ksU;e~] vfHknzoUr%] xtk%] bo] l/kkjk%] ,rs] okfj/kjk%] “kØkK;k] xka] :I;jTTok]
bo] leq)jfUrA21A
vFkZ & foV & olUrlsuk ! ns[kks] ns[kks & fctyh :ih jLlh c¡/kh gqbZ dej okys] vkil esa ,d nwljs dks /kDdk
nsrs gq, gkfFk;ksa ds leku] ikuh dh /kkjkvksa okys ;s ckny bUnz dh vkKk ls tehu dks ekuks ikuh dh /kkj :ih
pk¡nh dh jfLl;ksa ds }kjk Åij mBk jgs gSaA
egkokrk/ekrSeZfg’kdqyuhyStZy/kjS&
“pySfoZ|qRi{kStZyf/kfHkfjokUr% izpfyrS%A
b;a xU/kksÌkek uogfjr”k’ikadqjorh
/kjk /kkjkikrSeZf.ke;”kjSfHkZ|r boAA22AA
vUo;% & egkokrk/ekrS%] efg’kdqyuhyS%] fo|qRi{kS%] vUr%izpfyrS%] tyf/kfHk%] bo] pyS%] ty/kjS%]
uogfjr”k’ikadqjorh] xU/kksÌekek] b;a] /kjk] /kkjkikrS%] ef.ke;”kjS%] fHk|rs] boA22A
vFkZ & izcy gok ls Hkjs gq,] HkSalksa ds >q.M dh Hkk¡fr uhys] fctyh :ih ia[k okys] vkdk”k esa fgyus okys lkxjksa
dh Hkk¡fr] b/kj&m/kj nkSM+us okys] ty ls Hkjs gq, cknyksa ds }kjk] u;h gjh ?kklksa ds vadqjokyh rFkk rst egd
okyh ;g i`Foh /kkjkikr:ih ef.ke; ck.kksa ls Hksnh lh tk jgh gSA
,ásghfr f”k[kf.Muka iVqrja dsdkfHkjkØfUnr%
izksM~Mh;so cykd;k ljHkla lksRd.Bekfyafxr%
galS#fT>riadtSjfrrjka lks}sxeq}hf{kr%
dqoZUuatuespdk bo fn”kks es?k% leqfÙk’BfrAA23AA
vUo;% & f”k[kf.Muka] dsdkfHk%] ,fg ,fg] ,fr] iVqrje~] vkØfUnr%] cykd;k] ljHkla] izksM~Mh;] lksRd.Be~]
vkfyafxr%] bo] mfT>riadtS%] galS%] vfrrjka] lks}x
s e~] m}hf{kr%] es?k%] fn”k%] vatuespdk%] dqoZu~] bo]
leqfÙk’BfrA23A
vFkZ & olUrlsuk & Hkko ! ;g nwljk & eksjksa dh dsdk /ofu ds }kjk ^vkvks] vkvks* bl izdkj HkyhHkk¡fr cqyk;k
x;k] cxqyksa dh ik¡tksa ds }kjk osx iwoZd mM+dj mRd.Bk ds lkFk ekuks vkfyaxu fd;k x;k rFkk deyksa dks
NksM+us okys galksa ds }kjk vR;Ur ?kcjkgV ds lkFk ns[kk x;k cny fn”kkvksa dks dkty ds leku dkyh djrk
gqvk meM+ jgk gSA
fu’iUnhd`rin~e’k.Mu;ua u’V{kikoklja
fo|qfn~Hk% {k.ku’Vn`’Vfrfeja izPNkfnrk”kkeq[ke~A
fu”ps’Va Lofirho laizfr i;ks/kkjkx`gkUrxZra
LQhrkEHkks/kj/kkeuSdtyn~PN=kfi/kkua txr~AA24AA
vUo;% & fu’iUnhd`rin~e’k.Mu;ua] u’V{kikoklja] fo|qfn~Hk%] {k.ku’Vn`’Vfrfeja] izPNkfnrk”kkeq[ka]
LQhrkEHkks/kj/kkeuSdtynPN=kfi/kkua] i;ks/;kjkx`gkUrxZra] txr~] lEizfr] fu”ps’Va] Lofifr] boA24A
vFkZ & foV & rqEgkjk dguk Bhd gSA vkSj ns[kks & ftlus deyksa ds lewg :ih us=ksa dks cUn dj fy;k gS]
ftlds jkr&fnu lekIr gks x;s gSa vFkkZr~ ftlds jkr&fnu dk irk ugha py jgk gSA ftlesa fctyh dh ped
ls {k.k esa vU/kdkj lekIr gks tkrk gS vkSj iqu% fn[kykbZ iM+us yxrk gS] ftldk fn”kk :ih eq¡g <d x;k gS]
c<+s gq, cknyksa ds fuokl LFkku vkdk”k esa cgqr ls ckny gh ftlds <¡dus okys Nkrk gSa] ,slk lalkj bl le;
ty/kkjk :ih ?kj ds Hkhrj ekuks fu”py gksdj lks jgk gSA
xrk uk”ka rkjk mid`relk/kkfoo tus
fo;qDrk% dkUrsu fL=; bo u jktfUr ddqHk%A
bdkbZ&1 64
izdkekUrLrIra f=n”kifr”kL=L; f”kf[kuk

nzohHkwra eU;s irfr ty:is.k xxue~AA25AA
vUo;% & vlk/kkS] tus] mid`re~] bo] rkjk%] uk”ka] xrk%] dkUrsu] fo;qDrk%] fL=;%] bo] ddqHk%] u] jktfUr]
f=n”kifr”kL=L;] f”kf[kuk] izdkee~] vUrLrIre~] ¼vr ,o½] nzohHkwra] xxua] ty:is.k] irfr] ¼bfr] vge~½
eU;sA25A
vFkZ & olUrlsuk & Hkko ! ,slk gh gSA ns[kks&ns[kks rks & nq’V vkneh ij fd;s x;s midkj dh Hkk¡fr lHkh lkjs
uk”k dks izkIr gks x, gSa izseh ds }kjk fo;qDr fL=;ksa ds leku] fn”kk,¡ “kksfHkr ugha gks jgh gSaA nsorkvksa ds Lokeh
bUnz ds otz dh vkx ls Hkhrj gh vR;Ur rik gqvk vkdk”k ekuks fi?kydj ty ds :i esa fxj jgk gSA
mUuefr uefr o’kZfr xtZfr es?k% djksfr frfejkS?ke~A
izFkeJhfjo iq#’k% djksfr :ik.;usdkfuAA26AA
vUo;% & izFkeJh%] iq#’k%] bo] es?k%] vusdkfu] :ikf.k] djksfr] ¼l%] dnkfpr~½ mUuefr] uefr] o’kZfr] xtZfr]
frfejkS?ka] djksfrA26A
vFkZ & igys igy /ku ik;s gq, iq#’k ds leku ckny cgqr ls :iksa dks ¼/kkj.k½ dj jgk gSA ¼dHkh rks og½ meM+
jgk gS] ¼dHkh½ >qd jgk gS] ¼dHkh½ cjl jgk gS] xjt jgk gS rFkk ¼dHkh½ v¡/ksjk dj jgk gSA
fo|qfn~HkToZyrho lafoglrhoksPpScZykdk”krS&
ekZgsUnzs.k fooYxrho /kuq’kk /kkjk”kjksn~xkfj.kkA
foLi’Vk”kfufuLousu jlrhok?kw.kZrhokfuyS&
uhZyS% lkUnzfeokfgfHktZy/kjS/kwZik;rhokEcje~AA27AA
vUo;% & vEcje~] fo|qfn~Hk%] Toyfr] bo] cykdk”krS%] mPpS%] lafoglfr] bo] /kkjk”kjksn~xkfj.kk] ekgsUnzs.k] /kuq’kk]
fooYxfr] bo] foLi’Vk”kfufuLousu] jlfr] bo] vfuyS%] vk?kw.kZfr] bo] vfgfHk%] bo] uhyS%] ty/kjS%] lkUnz]a
/kwik;fr] boA27A
vFkZ & foV & ,slk gh gS & vkdk”k fctfy;ksa ls ekuks ty jgk gS] cxqyksa dh lSadM+ksa] ik¡rksa ls vR;f/kd g¡l lk
jgk gS] /kkjk :ih ck.kksa dks cjlkus okys bUnz/kuq’k ls ekuks iSrjk cny jgk gS] otz ds Li’V ?kks’k ls xtZu lk
dj jgk gS] gokvksa ds }kjk ?kwe lk jgk gS vkSj uhys liks± dh Hkk¡fr ¼dkys½ cknyksa ls [kwc ?kus :i esa /kwfir lk
gks jgk gSA
ty/kj ! fuyZTtLRoa ;Ueka nf;rL; os”e xPNUrhe~A
Lrfursu Hkh’kf;Rok /kkjkgLrS% ijke`”kflAA28AA
vUo;% & gs ty/kj ! Roa] fuyZTt%] ¼vfl½ ;r~] nf;rL;] os”e] xPNUrha] eka] Lrfursu] Hkh’kf;Rok] /kkjkgLrS%]
ijke`”kflA28A
vFkZ & olUrlsuk & gs ty ls Hkjs&iwjs ckny ! rqe fuyZTt gks] tks fd izseh ds ?kj tkrh gqbZ eq>dks xtZu ls
Mjkdj ty /kjk :ih gkFkksa ls Nw jgs gksA
fda rs ága iwoZjfrizlDrk ;Ùoa unL;EcqnflaguknS% \A
u ;qDresrfRiz;dkaf{krk;k ekx± fujks) ee o’kZikrS%AA29AA

vUo;% & Hkks “kØ ! vga] fda] rs] iwoZjfrizlDrk] ¼vkle~½ \ ;r~] Roe~] vEcqnflaguknS%] unfl%] fiz;dkaf{krk;k%] ee]
ekx±] o’kZikrS%] fujks)qe~] ,rr~] u] ;qDre~A29A
vFkZ & gs bUnz ! eSa D;k dHkh igys rqEgkjs izse esa vklDr Fkh] tks rqe cknyksa ds flaguknksa ls xjt jgs gks \ izseh
dks pkgus okyh esjk] o’kkZ djds jkLrk jksduk ;g Bhd ugha gSA
;}ngY;kgsrkse`Z’kk onfl “kØ ! xkSreks·LehfrA
r}Ueekfi nq%[ka fujis{k ! fuok;Zrka tyn%AA30AA
vUo;% & gs “kØ ! ;}r~] vgY;kgsrks%] xkSre%] vfLe] bfr] ¼Roe~½ e`’kk] onfl] gs fujis{k ! r}r~] ee] vfi] nq%[ka
¼tkuhfg] vr%½] tyn%] fuok;Zrke~A30A
vFkZ & gs bUnz & ftl izdkj vgY;k ds fy;s êSa xkSre gw¡* ;g rqeus >wB dgk FkkA gs ijkbZ ihM+k dks u tkuus
okys ! mlh izdkj esjk Hkh nq%[k tkuks vkSj cknyksa dks jksd yksA
xtZ ok o’kZ ok “kØ ! eqap ok “kr”kks·”kfue~A
u “kD;k fg fL=;ks jksn~/kqa izfLFkrk nf;ra izfrAA31AA
vUo;% & gs “kØ ! xtZ] ok] o’kZ] ok] “kr”k%] v”kfua] eqap ¼fdUrq½ nf;ra] izfr] izfLFkrk%] fL=;%] jks)qa] u] “kD;k%]
fgA31A
vFkZ & gs bUnz ! xjtks pkgs cjlks vFkok lSdM+ksa ckj otz NksM+ksA fdUrq izseh ds ikl tkrh gqbZ fL=;k¡ ugha jksd
tk ldrhaA
;fn xtZfr okfj/kjks xtZrq rUuke fu’Bqjk% iq:’kk%A
vf; ! fo|qRizenkuka Roefi p nq%[ka u tkukflAA32AA
vUo;% & ;fn] okjkf/kj%] xtZfr] rn~] xtZrq] uke] ¼;r%½] iq#’kk%] fu’Bqjk%] ¼HkofUr] fdUrq½] vf;] fo|qr~ ! Roe~]
vfi] p] izenkuka] nq%[ka] u] tkukfl \A32A
vFkZ & ;fn ckny xjtrk gS rks og Hkys gh xjts] D;ksafd iq#’k funZ;h gksrs gSaA fdUrq gs fctyh ! rqe Hkh D;k
dkfefu;ksa dh ihM+k dks ugha tkurh gksA
,sjkorksjfl pyso lqo.kZjTtq%
“kSyL; ewÆ/u fufgrso flrk irkdkA
vk[k.MyL; Hkouksnjnhfids;&
ek[;kfr rs fiz;reL; fg lfUuos”ke~AA33AA
vUo;% & ,sjkorksjfl] pyk] lqo.kZjTtq%] bo] “kSyL;] eqÆ/u] fufgrk] flrk] irkdk] bo] vk[k.MyL;]
Hkouksnjnhfidk] bo] rs] fiz;reL;] lfUuos”ke~] vk[;kfr] fgA33A
vFkZ & foV & Jherh th ! mykguk nsuk cUn dhft,A ;g fctyh rqEgkjk midkj djus okyh gS & bUnz ds
gkFkh ,sjkor dh Nkrh ij papy lksus dh jLlh ds leku] ioZr dh pksVh ij j[kh xbZ lQsn irkdk dh Hkk¡fr]
bUnz ds ?kj dh nhfidk ds rqY; ;g fctyh rqEgkjs izseh ds ?kj ds cryk jgh gSA
bdkbZ&1 66
;fn dqI;fl ukfLr jfr%] dksisu fouk·Fkok dqr% dke% \A

dqI; p dksi; p Roa izlhn p Roa izlkn; p dkUre~AA34AA
vUo;% & ;fn] dqI;fl] jfr%] u] vfLr] vFkok] dksisu] fouk] dke%] dqr% \ ¼vr%½ Roa] dqI;] p] dkUre~] p]
dksi;] Roa] izlhn] p ¼dkUre~½ p] izlkn;A34A
vFkZ & ;fn rqe dsoy dksi gh djrh gks rks vuqjkx ugha gSA vFkok dksi ds fcuk lEHkksx dk vkuUn dgk¡ ! rqe
dksi djks vkSj izseh dks Hkh dksi djkvks ,oa rqe [kq”k gksvks vkSj izseh dks Hkh [kq”k djksA
,’kk QqYydnEcuhilqjHkkS dkys ?kuksn~Hkkflrs
dkUrL;ky;ekxrk lenuk â’Vk tyknzkZydkA
fo|q}kfjnxftZrS% lpfdrk RoÌ”kZukdkaf{k.kh
iknkS uwiqjyXudnZe/kjkS iz{kky;Urh fLFkrkAA35AA
vUo;% & QqYydnEcuhilqjHkkS] ?kuksn~Hkkflrs] dkys] lenuk] â’Vk] tyknzkZydk] fo|q}kfjnxftZrS%] lfpfdrk]
RoÌ”kZukdkaf{k.kh] dkUrL;] vky;e~] vkxrk] ,’kk] uwiqjyXudnZe/kjkS] iknkS iz{kky;Urh] fLFkrkA35A
vFkZ & vPNk ! ,slk ghA gs] gs ! vk;Z pk#nÙk ls uezrk ds lkFk dgks & Qwys gq, dnEc ,oa uhi ds dkj.k
lqUnj xU/k okys] cknyksa ls lq”kksfHkr le; esa dke ls ihfM+r] izlUu] ikuh ls xhys ds”kksa okyh] fctyh rFkk
cknyksa ds xjtus ls Hk;Hkhr] rqEgkjs n”kZu dks pkgus okyh] fiz; ¼pk#nÙk½ ds ?kj vkbZ gqbZ ;g ¼olUrlsuk½ uwiqj
esa fyiVs gq, dhpM+ dks /kkj.k djus okys iSjksa dks /kksrh gqbZ ¼njokts ij½ [kM+h gSA
lkVksidwVdiVku`rtUeHkwes%
“kkBÓkRedL; jfrdsfyd`rky;L;A
os”;ki.kL; lqjrksRlolaxzgL;
nkf{k.;i.;lq[kfu’Ø;flf)jLrqAA36AA
vUo;% & lkVksidwVdiVku`rtUeHkwes%] “kkBÓkRedL;] jfrdsfyd`rky;L;] lqjrksRlo& laxzgL;] os”;ki.kL;]
nkf{k.;i.;lq[kfu’Ø;flf)%] vLrqA36A
vFkZ & foV & ¼vius vki½ bl mik; ls cM+h prqjrk ds lkFk ykSVk fn;k x;k gw¡A ¼izdV :i esa½ ,slk gh gksA
lqJh olUrlsuk ! xoZ ds lfgr ek;k] Ny ,oa >wB dk tks tUeLFkku gS vFkkZr~ tks xoZ vkfn dks mRiUu djrk
gS /kwrZrk gh ftl dh vkRek gS] lEHkksx&ØhMk us ftldks viuk ?kj cuk;k gS vFkkZr~ ftlesa jfrØhM+k dh iz/kkurk
jgrh gSA tgk¡ je.k ds lq[k dk laxzg gS] ,sls os”;k :ih cktkj dh mnkjrk ls u fd iSls ls fcdus okyh oLrq
dh lq[k ds lkFk ysu&nsu gksosA
lnk iznks’kks ee ;kfr tkxzr%
lnk p es fu%”olrks xrk fu”kkA
Ro;k lesrL; fo”kkyykspus !
eek| “kksdkUrdj% iznks’kd%AA37AA
vUo;% & lnk] tkxzr% ¼,o½ ee iznks’k%] ;fr] lnk fu”olr%A ¼,o½ esa] fu”kk] xrk] gs fo”kkyykspusA v|] Ro;k]
lesrL;] ee] iznks’kd% “kksdkUrdj%] ¼Hkofr½A37A
vFkZ & gs fiz;sA ges”kk tkxrs gq, gh esjk iznks’k chrk gS vkSj loZnk vkgsa Hkjrs gq, gh esjh jkr chrh gSA fdUrq gs
cM+h&cM+h vk¡[kksa okyh L=hA vkt rqEgkjs lkFk feyus okys esjk iznks’k nq%[kksa dks lekIr djus okyk gks jgk gSA
o’kksZndeqfn~xjrk Jo.kkUrfoyfEcuk dnEcsuA
,d% Lruks·fHkf’kDrks uìlqr bo ;kSojkT;LFk%AA38AA
vUo;% & o’kksZnde~] mn~fxjrk] Jo.kkUrfoyfEcuk] dnEcsu] ,d%] Lru%] ;kSojkT;LFk%] uìlqr%] bo] vfHkf’kDr%A38A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & fe= ! ns[kks] ns[kks & o’kkZ ds ty dks fxjkrs gq, dku ds Nksj ij yVdus okys dnEc ds
Qwy us ,d Lru dk] ;qojkt&in ij cSBs gq, jktdqekj ds leku] vfHk’ksd dj fn;k gSA
;ks·LekfHkf”pfUrrks O;kt% drq± U;klizfrfØ;ke~A
l ,o izLrqrks·Lekda fdarq lR;a foMEcukAA39AA
vUo;% & vLekfHk%] U;klizfrfØ;ke~] drq±] ;%] O;kt%] fpfUrr%] l%] ,o] vLekda] izLrqr%] ¼fdUrq½] lR;e~] ¼b;a½
foMEcuk] ¼vfLr½A39A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & fe= ! tks cgkuk ge yksxksa us /kjksgj dh {kfr&iwfrZ djus ds fy;s lkspk Fkk ogh ¼cgkuk½
gekjs lkeus mifLFkr gSA fdUrq lpeqp ;g tky lkth ¼izrkj.kk gh½ gS vFkkZr~ ;g og lqo.kZHkk.M ugha gS tks
gekjs ?kj ls pksjh x;k Fkk] fdUrq ge yksxksa dh <k¡<l ds fy;s blus nwljk vkHkw’k.k yk j[kk gSA
/kuSfoZ;qDrL; ujL; yksds fda thforsukfnr ,o rkor~A
;L; izrhdkjfujFkZdRokRdksiizlknk foQyhHkofUrAA40AA
vUo;% & yksds] /kuS%] fo;qDrL;] ujL;] vkfnr%] ,o] thforsu] fda rkor~] izfrdkj& fujFkZdRokr~] ;L;]
dksiizlknk%] foQyhHkofUrA40A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼vyx ls½ vjs ! nq%[k gS & lalkj esa fu/kZu euq’; ds tUe ls gh thus ls D;k ykHk \ cnyk
pqdkus esa vleFkZ gksus ds dkj.k ftlds dksi vkSj vuqxzg nksuksa gh fu’Qy gksrs gsa vFkkZr~ fu/kZu fdlh ij [kq”k
gksdj mls dqN ns ugha ldrk gS vkSj ukjkt gksus ij mldk dqN fcxkM+ Hkh ugha ldrk gSA
i{kfody”p i{kh “kq’d”p r#% lj”p tyghue~A
liZ”pks)`rna’VªLrqY; yksds nfjnz”pAA41AA
vUo;% & yksds] i{kfody] i{kh] p] “kq’d%] r#%] p] tyghua] lj%] p] m)`rna’Vª] liZ%] p] ¼,rr~] lo±½
rqY;e~A41A
vFkZ & lalkj esa] fcuk ia[k dh fpfM+;k¡] lw[kk isM+] fcuk ty dk rkykc rFkk nk¡r m[kkM+k gqvk lk¡i ,oa nfjnz
euq’; ;s lHkh leku gksrs gSaA
“kwU;Sx`ZgS% [kyq lek% iq#’kk nfjnzk%
dwiS”p rks;jfgrSLr#fHk”p “kh.kSZ%A
;Ì`’ViwoZtlaxefoLe`rkuk
bdkbZ&1 68
eso HkofUr foQyk% ifjrks’kdkyk%AA42AA

vUo;% & nfjnzk%] iq#’kk%] [kyq] “kwU;S%] x`gS%] rks;jfgrS%] dwiS%] p] “kh.kSZ%] r#fHk%] p] lek%] ¼HkofUr½] ;r~]
n`’ViwoZtulaxefoLe`rkuka] ¼rs’kka½] ifjrks’kdkyk%] ,oa] foQyk%] HkofUrA42A
vFkZ & nfjnz euq’; oLrqr% lwus ?kjksa] fcuk ikuh ds dqvksa rFkk lw[ks isM+ksa ds leku gSA D;ksafd igys ds ifjfpr
tuksa ds feyus ls ¼[kq”kh ds dkj.k viuh nfjnzrk dks½ Hkwy tkus okys fu/kZu yksxksa dh izlUurk ds le; blh
rjg fu’Qy gks tkrs gSaA
d% J)kL;fr HkwrkFk± loksZ eka rqyf;’;frA
“kaduh;k fg yksds·fLefUu’izrkik nfjnzrkAA43AA
vUo;% & d%] HkwrkFk±] J)kL;fr] loZ%] eka] rqyf;’;fr] fg] vfLeu~] yksds] fu’izrkik] nfjnzrk] “kaduh;k]
¼Hkofr½A43A
vFkZ & dkSu lPph ckr dk fo”okl djsxk \ lHkh eq>s rkSysaxsA D;ksafd bl lalkj esa] fucZy nfjnzrk fuf”pr :i
ls “kadk ds ;ksX; gksrh gSA
vewfgZ fHkÙok tynkUrjkf.k iadkUrjk.kho e`.kkylwP;%A
irfUr pUnzO;lukf}eqDrk fnoks·Jq/kjk bo okfj/kkjk%AA44AA
vUo;% & fg] vew%] okfj/kkjk%] e`.kkylwP;%] iadkUrjkf.k] bo] tynkUrjkf.k] fHkÙok] pUnzO;lukr~] foeqDrk%] fno%]
vJq/kkjk%] bo] irfUrA44A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & vki us Bhd dgk & vo”; gh ;s ty dh /kkjk,¡] dhpM+ dks QkM+dj fudys gq;s deyyrk
dh tM+ ds vadqj ds leku cknyksa ds isV dks phj dj izseh pUnzek dh foifÙk ds dkj.k cgk;h x;h vkdk”k dh
vk¡lqvksa dh /kkjkvksa ds leku fxj jgh gSaA
/kkjkfHkjk;ZtufpÙklqfueZykfHk&
“p.MkfHkjtqZu”kjizfrddZ”kkfHk%A
es?kk% lzofUr cynsoiVizdk”kk%
“kØL; ekSfDrdfu/kkufeoksn~fxjUr%AA45AA
vUo;% & cynsoiVizdk”kk%] es?kk%] vk;ZtufpÙklqfueZykfHk%] vtZqu”kjizfrddZ”kkfHk%] p.MkfHk%] /kkjkfHk%] “kØL;]
ekSfDrdfu/kkue~] mn~fxjUr%] bo] lzofUrA45A
vFkZ & cynso th ds oL=ksa ds leku vkHkk okys ckny lTtuksa ds fpÙk ds leku foey] vtqZu ds rhjksa ds rqY;
dBksj ,oa rh[kh /kkjkvksa ds }kjk ekuksa bUnz ds eksfr;ksa ds [ktkus dks fc[kjkrs gq, >j jgs gSaA
,rS% fi’Vekyo.kZdfuHkSjkfyIreEHkks/kjS%
lalDrS#iohftra lqjfHkfHk% “khrS% iznks’kkfuyS%A
,’kkEHkksnlekxeiz.kf;uh LoPNUneH;kxrk
jDrk dkUrfeokEcja fiz;rek fo|qRlekfyaxfrAA46AA
vUo;% & vEHkksnlekxeiz.kf;uh] LoPNUne~] vkxrk] jDrk] fiz;rek] bo] ,’kk] fo|qr~] fi’Vrekyo.kZdfuHkS%] ,rS%]
vEHkks/kjS%] vkfyIre~] lalDrS%] lqjfHkfHk%] “khrS%] iznks’kkfuyS%] miohftra] p] dkUre~] bo] vEcje~] lekfyaxfrA46A
vFkZ & fiz;s ! ns[kks] ns[kks & cknyksa ds lekxe dh izcy bPNk okyh] viuh bPNk ls vk;h gqbZ] yky jax okyh
;g fctyh] fils gq;s reky ds jax tSls bu cknyksa ls f?kjs gq;s ges”kk cgus okyh lqxfU/kr ,oa B.Mh lk;adky
dh gokvksa ls ia[kk >ys tkrs gq;s] vkdk”k dk mlh izdkj ls vkfyaxu dj jgh gS tSls cknyksa ds meM+us ls
fiz;re dh bPNk okyh] viuh bPNk ls vk;h gqbZ] vuqjkfx.kh dkfeuh izseh dk vkfyaxu djrh gSA
Hkks es?k ! xEHkhjrja un Roa ro izlknkRLejihfMra es
laLi”kZjksekaf”prtkrjkxa dnEciq’iRoeqiSfr xk=e~AA47AA
vUo;% & Hkks es?k ! Roa] xEHkhjrja] un] ro] izlknkr~] LejihfMra] es] xk=e~] Li”kZ& jksekafprtkrjkxa] ¼lr~½]
dnEciq’iRoe~] miSfrA47A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼Li”kZ dk vfHku; djrs gq;s cnys esa vkfyaxu djds½ ,s ckny ! rw vkSj vf/kd xEHkhjrk ls
xjt] rsjh gh dìk ls dkenso ds }kjk lrk;k x;k esjk “kjhj ¼olUrlsuk ds½ Li”kZ ls jksekafpr ,oa
mRiUu&okluk okyk gksdj dnEc Qwy ds leku gks jgk gSA
o’kZ”kreLrq nqfnZuefojr/kkja “krânk LQqjrqA
vLef}/knqyZHk;k ;nga fiz;;k ifj’oDr%AA48AA
vUo;% & vfojr/kkja] nqfnZua] o’kZ”kre~] vLrq] “krgnk] LQqjrq] ;r~] vge~] JLef}/k& nqyZHk;k] fiz;;k]
ifj’oDr%A48A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & fe= ! rqEgsa nqfnZu dks mykguk ugha nsuk pkfg;sA ges”kk /kkjkvksa ls cjlus okyk ;g nqfnZu lkS
o’kZ rd jgsA fctyh pedrh jgsA D;ksafd gekjs tSls fu/kZuksa ds fy;s nqyZHk fiz;k ds }kjk eSa vkfyafxr fd;k tk
jgk gw¡A
/kU;kfu rs’kka [kyq thforkfu
;s dkfeuhuka x`gekxrkuke~A
vknzkZf.k es?kksnd”khrykfu
xk=kf.k xk=s’kq ifj’otfUrAA49AA
vUo;% & rs’kka] thforkfu] [kyq] /kU;kfu] ;s] x`ge~] vkxrkuka] dkfeuhuka] es?kksnd& ”khrykfu] xk=kf.k] xk=s’kq]
ifj’otfUrA49A
vFkZ & okLro esa mUgha ds thou /kU; gSa] tks ?kj esa vk;h gqbZ dkfefu;ksa ds ckny ds ty ls B.Ms gq;s xhys
vaxksa dk vius vaxksa esa dldj vkfyaxu djrs gSaA
LrEHks’kq izpfyrosfnlap;kUra
“kh.kZRokRdFkefi /kk;Zrs forkue~
,’kk p LQqfVrlq/kknzokuqysik
RlafDydUuk lfyyHkjs.k fp=fHkfÙk%AA50AA
bdkbZ&1 70
vUo;% & izpfyrosfnlap;kUra] forkue~] “kh.kZRokr~] LrEHks’kq] dFkefi] /kk;ZrsA ,’kk] fp=fHkfÙk%] p]
LQqfVrlq/kknzokuqysikr~] lfyyHkjs.k] lafDyUu] ¼tkrk½A50A
vFkZ & fiz;s olUrlsus ! ¼gok dh >ksdksa ls½ fgy jgk gS osnh ds lewg esa c¡/kk gqvk Nksj ftldk ,slk forku
ttZu gksus ds dkj.k [kEHkksa ij cM+h eqf”dy ls Bgjk gqvk gS vkSj ;g fpf=r nhokj dgha&dgha xyh gqbZ pwus dh
dybZ ¼lq/kk&nzo½ ds fyi tkus ds dkj.k ty ds osx ls ,dne xhyh gks x;h gSA
fo|qfTtg~osusna egsUnzpkiksfPNªrk;rHkqtsuA
ty/kjfoo`)guquk fot`fEHkrfeokUrfj{ks.kAA51AA
vUo;% & fo|qfTtg~osu] egsUnzpkiksfPNªrk;rHkqtsu] ty/kjfoo`)guquk] vUrfj{ks.k] fot`fEHkre~] boA51A
vFkZ & ¼Åij dh vksj ns[kdj½ vjs ! bUnz /kuq’k ! fiz;s] ns[kks ! ns[kks !
fctyh :ih ftg~ok okys] bUnz /kuq’k :ih Åij mBh gqbZ ,oa yEch Hkqtkokys] ikuh ls Hkjs ckny :ih c<+h gqbZ
Bks<+h okys vkdk”k us ekuksa t¡HkkbZ yh gSA
rkyh’kq rkja foVis’kq eUnza f”kyklq #{ka lfyys’kq p.Me~A
laxhroh.kk bo rkMÓekukLrkykuqlkjs.k irfUr /kkjk%AA52AA
vUo;% & /kkjk%] rkyh’kq] rkja] foVis’kq] eUnza] f”kyk’kq] :{ka] lfyys’kq] p.Me~] rkMÓekuk%] laxhroh.kk] bo]
rkykuqlkjs.k] irfUrA52A
vFkZ & rks vkvks] Hkhrj gh pysa ¼,slk dg dj mBdj ?kwerk gS½
¼ikuh dh½ /kkjk,¡ rky ds iÙkksa ij Å¡ps Loj] isM+ksa dh Mkfy;ksa ij xEHkhj iRFkj dh pV~Vkuksa ij ddZ”k rFkk ty
esa izp.M ¼/ofu½ ls] ctk;h tkrh gqbZ laxhr dh oh.kk ds leku] rky ds vuqlkj fxj jgh gSaA
1 e`PNdfVd ds jpf;rk dkSu gS \
2 e`PNdfVd esa fdrus vad gSa \
3 e`PNdfVd ds izFke vad dk D;k uke gS \
4 pk#nÙk dh iRuh dk D;k uke gS \
5 e`PNdfVd ds iape vad dk D;k uke gS \
1-5 lkjka”k
izFke vad
jpf;rk o jpuk ds fo’k; esa ifjp; nsus ds i”pkr~ lw=/kkj vius ?kj esa vlk/kkj.k rS;kjh ns[kdj vk”p;Z pfdr
gksrk gSA iwNus ij mls uVh ls irk pyrk gS fd og rS;kjh ^vfHk:i ifr* uked ozr ds fufeÙk dh xbZ gSA og
dqN Øksf/kr gksrk gS ijUrq uVh ds }kjk le>kus ij og “kkUr gks tkrk gSA uVh mls ozr esa fdlh czkã.k dks
fuefU=r djus dks dgrh gSA czkã.k dks [kkstus ds fy, fudys gq, lw=/kkj dks pk#nÙk dk fe= fonw’kd eS=s;
n`f’Vxkspj gksrk gSA lw=/kkj mls Hkkstu ds fy, vius ?kj fuefU=r djrk gS ijUrq eS=s; ds }kjk vLohdkj dj
nsus ij og vU; czkã.k dh [kkst esa pyk tkrk gSA blh ds lkFk izLrkouk lekIr gks tkrh gSA
izFke n`”; ds izkjEHk esa eap ij eS=s; vkrk gSA mlds dFku ls Kkr gksrk gS fd vk;Z pk#nÙk ds fiz;
fe= tw.kZo`) us mls pesyh ds iq’iksa ls lqxfU/kr mÙkjh; nsodk;Z lEikfnr djus okys pk#nÙk ds ikl ys tkus
dk vkns”k fn;k gSA rHkh eap ij pk#nÙk rFkk enfudk izos”k djrs gSaA pk#nÙk vius Hkwrdky rFkk orZekudky
dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ij fopkj dj jgk gSA vrhr dh lEiUurk ,oa orZeku dh fu/kZurk dks ns[kdj og HkkX; ds
foi;Z; ij fpfUrr gksrk gSA rHkh mls eS=s; n`f’Vxkspj gksrk gSA og izlUurk ls eS=s; dk Lokxr djrk gSA
eS=s; mls tw.kZo`) iznÙk mÙkjh; iznku djrk gSA eS=s; ds lkFk nfjnzrk fo’kf;dh ppkZ esa og ¼pk#nÙk½ nfjnzrk
ls e`R;q dks Js;Ldj crkrk gSA eS=s; ds }kjk lkUrouk nsus ij og dgrk gS fd og foHko fouk”k ls nq%[kh ugha
gS vfirq fu/kZurk ds dkj.k vfrfFk;ksa }kjk dh tkus okyh mis{kk ls mls d’V gksrk gSA og fu/kZurk dks lc
nq%[kksa dk ewy dkj.k crkrk gS vkSj eS=s; dks ekr`nsfo;ksa dks cfy viZ.k djus ds fy, pkSjkgs ij Hkstrk gSA eS=s;
ml le; jktiFk ij xeu esa Hk; O;Dr djrk gSA mls dqN nsj Bgjus dh dgdj pk#nÙk vius iwtkdk;Z esa
yx tkrk gSA ;gha izFken`”; dh lekfIr gksrh gSA f}rh; n`”; esa olUrlsuk vR;Ur Hk;Hkhr gksdj Hkkxrh gqbZ
tkrh fn[kkbZ nsrh gS vkSj “kdkj] foV rFkk psV mls idM+us dh ps’Vk esa mldk ihNk djrs gq, n`f’Vxkspj gksrs
gSaA jktk dk lkyk “kdkj dkeklDr gksdj olUrlsuk dks fdlh Hkh rjg ls vius o”k esa djuk pkgrk gSA og
olUrlsuk dks izyksHku nsrk gS] iqdkjrk gS] ekjus dh /kedh Hkh nsrk gS ijUrq olUrlsuk mlds fdlh Hkh izyksHku
vkfn dks Lohdkj ugha djrhA “kdkj olUrlsuk dk fp=.k cktkjh oLrq ds :i esa djrk gSA “kdkj ds okD;ksa ls
gh olUrlsuk dks Kkr gksrk gS fd og pk#nÙk ds ?kj ds lehi igq¡p xbZ gSA rHkh iwtk ls fuo`Ùk pk#nÙk }kjk
ekr`nsfo;ksa dks cfy vfiZr djus ds fy, izsf’kr eS=s; enfudk ds lkFk nhid ysdj }kj [kksyrk gSA olUrlsuk
“kh?kzrk ls nhid cq>kdj ?kj esa izfo’V gks tkrh gSA fonw’kd nhid tykus ds fy, iqu% ?kj esa izos”k djrk gSA
jnfudk ckgj fudyrh gS vkSj va/ksjs esa “kdkj mls olUrlsuk le>dj idM+ ysrk gSA og izfrokn djrh gS vkSj
nhid dks iqu% tykdj ckgj vk;k gqvk eS=s; ¼fonw’kd½ jnfudk ds izfr vHknz vkpj.k ns[kdj “kdkj dks
QVdkjrk gSA foV fonw’kd dks igpku ysrk gSA og {kek ;kpuk djds ml ?kVuk ds lEcU/k esa pk#nÙk ls dksbZ
ppkZ u djus dk vuqjks/k djrk gSA foV “kdkj dks pyus ds fy, dgrk gSA “kdkj ds euk djus ij foV pyk
tkrk gSA fonw’kd ds lkFk dqN nsj ds okn& fookn ds ckn “kdkj psV ds lkFk pyk tkrk gSA
?kj ds vUnj pk#nÙk olUrlsuk dks jnfudk le> ysrk gSA og mls ckyd jksglsu dks vUnj ys tkus
dks dgrk gSA pk#nÙk }kjk iznÙk pesyh ls lqxfU/kr mÙkjh; dks xzg.k djds mldh lqxU/k ls ;g vuqeku
djrh gS fd pk#nÙk dk ;kSou fu/kZurk ds nks’k ls jfgr gSA olUrlsuk pqipki [kM+h jgrh gSA dksbZ mÙkj u
feyus ij f[kUu pk#nÙk iqu% jksglsu dks vUnj ys tkus dks dgrk gSA rHkh fonw’kd rFkk jnfudk izos”k djrs
gSA fonw’kd ls okLrfod fLFkfr dks tku dj pk#nÙk olUrlsuk dks igpku ysrk gS vkSj {kek ;kpuk djrk gSA
olUrlsuk vius vkHkw’k.kksa dks /kjksgj ds :i esa j[kuk pkgrh gS ftls pk#nÙk dqN ladksp ds lkFk Lohdkj dj
ysrk gSA pk#nÙk vkSj fonw’kd olUrlsuk dks mlds ?kj igq¡pk dj vk tkrs gSaA pk#nÙk }kjk fnu esa o/kZekud
rFkk jkf= esa fonw’kd dks mu vkHkw’k.kksa dk j{kk Hkkj lkSaius ds lkFk gh izFke vad lekIr gks tkrk gSA bl vad
dh laKk ^vyadkjU;kl* gSA
f}rh; vad
pk#nÙk fo’kf;dh fpUrk esa eXu olUrlsuk ds lkFk jnfudk izos”k djrh gSA rHkh ,d psVh vkdj ekrk dh
Luku ,oa nsoiwtk lEiUu djus lEcU/kh vkKk lqukrh gSA olUrlsuk ds vLohdkj djus ij psVh pyh tkrh gSA
bdkbZ&1 72
enfudk }kjk olUrlsuk ls mldh mf}Xurk dk dkj.k iwNus ij og pk#nÙk fo’k;d vius izse dks izdV djrh
gSA og crkrh gS fd ;|fi pk#nÙk fu/kZu gS ijUrq og mlls izse djrh gS vkSj mlls feyus ds fy, gh
;kstukuqlkj vius vkHkw’k.k ogk¡ NksM+ fn, gSaA
f}rh; n`”; esa laokgd] ekFkqj |wrk/;{k rFkk ,d tqvkjh ds ijLij okrkZyki ls gesa Kkr gksrk gS fd
laokgd ekFkqj ls |wr esa ijkftr gksdj mldk n”k lqo.kZ eqnzkvksa dk _.kh gks x;k gSA mldk ihNk djrs gq,
ekFkqj rFkk tqvkjh nsoh ds efUnj esa igq¡prs gSaA laokgd dks u ikdj nksuksa ogka tqvk [ksyus yx tkrs gSaA
|wrfiz; laokgd Lo;a dks jksd ugha ikrk vkSj ogk¡ Lo;a gh izdV gks tkrk gSA ekFkqj vkSj tqvkjh mls ihVrs gSA
rHkh nnqZjd vkdj mls NqMk+ rk gSA ekFkqj vkSj nnqZjd ds >xM+s esa volj ikdj nnqZjd ekFkqj dh vk¡[kksa esa /kwy
>kSad nsrk gS vkSj laokgd ds lkFk ogk¡ ls Hkkx tkrk gSA
laokgd ogk¡ ls Hkkxdj olUrlsuk ds ?kj esa “kj.k ysrk gSA laokgd ds ifjp; esa pk#nÙk dk izlax
lqudj izlUu olUrlsuk psVh }kjk viuk dad.k ekFkqj ds ikl Hkst nsrh gS vkSj laokgd dks eqDr djk nsrh gSA
laokgd ckS) laU;klh cuus dk ladYi djds fudy tkrk gSA rHkh d.kZiwjd izos”k djds olUrlsuk dks crkrk
gS fd mlus ,d ifjozktd dks [kq.VeksMd uked eÙk gkFkh ls cpk;k gS rFkk fdlh O;fDr us mlds lkgl ls
izlUu gksdj viuk mÙkjh; iqjLdkj :i esa iznku fd;k gSA mÙkjh; ij pk#nÙk dk uke vafdr ns[kdj
olUrlsuk d.kZijw d dks ,d vkHkw’k.k nsdj mlls mÙkjh; ysdj izlUurk ls vks<+ ysrh gSA d.kZiwjd ls ;g
tkudj fd pk#nÙk blh ekxZ ls tk jgk gS] olUrlsuk rFkk psVh Nr ij tkdj mls ns[krh gSaA ;gh f}rh;
vad lekIr gks tkrk gSA bl vad dk uke ^|wrdj laokgd* gSA
r`rh; vad
izkjEHk esa e/;jkf= ds le; rd Hkh pk#nÙk ds ?kj u ykSVus ij psV fpUrk O;Dr djrk gSA rHkh pk#nÙk vkSj
fonw’kd eap ij izos”k djrs gSaA pk#nÙk jsfHky ds dq”kyrk ,oa euksgjrk ls xk;s x;s xhr dh iz”kalk djrk gSA
?kj igq¡pus ij psV o/kZekud pk#nÙk ds iSj /kksrk gS vkSj jkr dks lqo.kZHkk.M dh j{kk dk Hkkj fonw’kd ij gksus
ds dkj.k mls lkSai nsrk gSA ml lqo.kZHkk.M dks gkFk esa fy, gq, gh fonw’kd lks tkrk gSA
jkf= esa olUrlsuk dh nklh enfudk dk izseh “kfoZyd mls nklrk ls eqDr djkus ds fy, pk#nÙk ds
?kj esa lsa/k yxkrk gSA lsa/k ls iwoZ og fofHkUu izdkj dh lsa/kksa rFkk fofHkUu fof/k;ksa dk o.kZu djrk gSA og
;Kksiohr ls ukidj lsa/k yxkrk gS vkSj Hkhrj izos”k djrk gS tc “kfoZyd fujh{k.k dj jgk gksrk gS rHkh
fonw’kd LoIu ns[krk gS fd ?kj esa pksj us lsa/k yxkbZ gSA vr% LoIu esa gh og pk#nÙk dks iqdkj dj lqo.kZHkk.M
mls lkSai nsrk gSA pk#nÙk ds xgufunzk esa gksus ds dkj.k “kfoZyd mls lqo.kZHkk.M dks fonw’kd ds gkFk ls ysdj
lko/kkuh ls ?kj ls ckgj fudy tkrk gSA
izkr%dky pk#nÙk lsa/k ds vkdj dh iz”kalk djrk gSA fonw’kd ls ;g lqudj fd mlus jkf= esa
lqo.kZHkk.M pk#nÙk dks ns fn;k Fkk] pk#nÙk dksbZ izfrokn ugha djrkA og izlUu gS fd pksj mlds ?kj ls
fujk”k ugha x;kA og fpfUrr Hkh gS fd yksx pksjh ds o`ÙkkUr ij fo”okl u djds mldh fuUnk gh djsaxsA ;g
o`ÙkkUr tkudj pk#nÙk dh iRuh vius firk }kjk iznÙk ,d cgqewY; jRukoyh ;Fkksfpr mi;ksx ds fy, ns nsrh
gSA og eS=s; fonw’kd dks ;g vkns”k nsrk gS fd olUrlsuk ds ?kj tkdj ;g jRukoyh lqo.kkZyadkjksa ds cnys
mls ns vk;sA o/kZekud dks lsa/k cUn djus dk vkns”k nsdj pk#nÙk lU/k;ksikluk ds fy, pyk tkrk gSA blh
ds lkFk ^lfU/kPNsn* uekd bl vad dh lekfIr gksrh gSA
prqFkZ vad
izkjEHk esa pk#nÙk ds fp= dks ns[krh olUrlsuk vkSj enfudk dks psVh “kdkj dh xkM+h esa cSBus lEcU/kh ekrk dh
vkKk lqukrh gSA olUrlsuk bl vkns”k dks ikyu djus ls euk dj nsrh gSA
f}rh; n`”; esa olUrlsuk iyax ij pk#nÙk dk fp= j[kdj enfudk dks rkyoÙr ykus ds fy, Hkstrh
gSA blh le; “kfoZyd olUrlsuk ds ?kj ij izos”k djrk gSA enfudk ls okÙkkZyki djrs le; “kfoZyd }kjk
pk#nÙk ds ?kj ls pksjh fd, x, vkHkw’k.kksa dks enfudk pk#nÙk }kjk Hksts x, vkHkw’k.k dgdj gh olUrlsuk dks
lkSaius ds fy, dgrh gSA mu nksuksa ds bl okrkZyki dks f[kM+dh ds ihNs ls fNidj olUrlsuk lqu ysrh gSA
“kfoZyd }kjk olUrlsuk dks vkHkw’k.k lkSaius ij lc dqN tkuus okyh olUrlsuk enfudk dks “kfoZyd dks iRuh
ds :i esa Lohdkj djus dh ckr dgrh gS vkSj mu nksuksa dks viuh xkM+h esa fcBkdj fonk djrh gSA
rHkh usiF; ls lwpuk feyrh gS fd jktk ikyd ds vk;Zd dks cUnhx`g esa Mky fn;k gSA “kfoZyd vius
?kfu’B fe= vk;Zd dh j{kk ds fy, viuh uofookgrk iRuh dks psV ds lkFk lkFkZokg jsfHky ds ?kj Hkst nsrk gSA
vfUre n`”; esa fonw’kd olUrlsuk ds ?kj igq¡pdj mlds HkO; izklkn dks ns[kdj vk”p;Zpfdr gksrk gSA
olUrlsuk fonw’kd dk Lokxr djrh gSA lkekU; dq”ky&{kse iz”u ds mijkUr fonw’kd tq, esa lqo.kZ vyadkj gkj
tkus dk o`ÙkkUr lqukdj mlds cnys esa Hksth xbZ jRukoyh olUrlsuk dks iznku djrk gSA olUrlsuk mls ys
ysrh gSA og pk#nÙk ls feyus dk lans”k nsdj fonw’kd dks fonk djrh gSA blh ds lkFk ênfudk”kfoZyd*
uked prqFkZ vad dh lekfIr gksrh gSA
iape vad
izkjEHk esa gh pk#nÙk lw;kZLr ds le; fonw’kd dh izrh{kk dj jgk gSA rHkh eS=s; ¼fonw’kd½ vkdj mls olUrlsuk
ds jRukoyh Lohdkj djus rFkk lk;adky dks pk#nÙk ls feyus dk lans”k nsrk gSA pk#nÙk os”;kvksa dh LokFkZiw.kZ
izhfr dh vR;Ur fuUnk djrk gSA rHkh dqEHkhyd pk#nÙk ds ikl vkdj olUrlsuk ds vkxeu dh lwpuk nsrk
gSA lwpuk lqudj pk#nÙk izlUurk ls viuk mÙkjh; dqEHkhyd dks ikfjrksf’kd :i esa iznku djrk gSA
f}rh; n`”; esa foV vkSj olUrlsuk pk#nÙk ds ?kj dh vksj tkrs fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA muds pk#nÙk dh
okfVdk ds ikl igq¡pus ij vkokt lqudj pk#nÙk fonw’kd dks irk yxkus ds fy, ckgj Hkstrk gSA olUrlsuk
dks vkpj.k lEcU/kh funsZ”k nsdj foV ds pys tkus ds ckn fonw’kd olUrlsuk dks ?kj esa vkus ds fy, vkefU=r
djrk gSA pk#nÙk olUrlsuk dk Lokxr djrk gS rFkk oL=ksa ds Hkhx tkus ls mlds vU; oL=ksa dh O;oLFkk
djokrk gSA fonw’kd ds }kjk vkxeu dk dkj.k iwNus ij psVh dgrh gS fd olUrlsuk jRukoyh dks tq, esa gkj
tkus ls mlds cnys lqo.kZHkk.M iznku djus vkbZ gSA pk#nÙk vkSj fonw’kd mls ns[kdj vk”p;Zpfdr gks tkrs
gSaA psVh }kjk fonw’kd rFkk fonw’kd }kjk pk#nÙk dks lEiw.kZ lqo.kZHkk.M izkfIr dk o`ÙkkUr crkus ls lkjk okrkoj.k
vkeksn&izeksn ;qDr gks tkrk gSA fonw’kd ds }kjk ?kj ds Hkhrj tkus dk ladsr iznku djus ij pk#nÙk ds lkFk
olUrlsuk ?kj esa izos”k djds lEiw.kZ jkf= ogha ij O;rhr djrh gSA blds lkFk gh ^nqfnZu* laKd iape vad
lekIr gks tkrk gSA
1-6 eq[; “kCnkoyh
• lekf/k% & czã ds fpUru esa iw.kZ yhurk
• f}jnsUnzxfr% & xtjkt ds leku pky okys
• vYiDys”ke~ & de nq%[knk;h
• lokZinke~ & lHkh vkifÙk;ksa dh
bdkbZ&1 74
• “kfeuke~ & “kkUrfpÙkokys O;fDr;ksa ds

• dVhrVfuosf”kre~ & dej Hkkx esa c¡/kh gqbZ
• /kugk;Ze~ & /ku ds }kjk xzg.k djus ds ;ksX;
• izxYHke~ & /k`’VrkiwoZd
• mifn”;rs & fl[kkbZ tkrh gS
• U;klizfrfØ;ke~ & /kjksgj ds cnys dk /ku
1 “kwnzd
2 nl
3 vyadkj&U;kl
4 /kwrk
5 nqfnZu
1 egkdfo “kwnzd dk O;fDrRo ,oa drZ̀Ro Li’V dhft,A
2 e`PNdfVd esa izfrfcfEcr lekt ,oa laLd`fr dk fo”ys’k.k dhft,A
3 e`PNdfVd dh dkO;xr fo”ks’krkvksa ij izdk”k Mkfy,A
4 e`PNdfVd ds izeq[k ik=ksa dk pfj=&fp=.k dhft,A
5 e`PNdfVd ds izFke ik¡p vadksa dk lkj fyf[k,A
1 e`PNdfVd & Jhfuokl “kkL=h] lkfgR; Hk.Mkj] lqHkk’k cktkj] esjB
2 e`PNdfVd & jek”kadj f=ikBh] eksrhyky cukjlhnkl] fnYyh
3 e`PNdfVd & vkpk;Z txnh”k izlkn ik.Ms; ,oa enuxksiky oktis;h] Hkkjrh; cqd dkWjiksjs”ku] fnYyh
4 e`PNdfVd dk “kkL=h;] lkekftd ,oa jktuhfrd v/;;u & MkWŒ “kkyhxzke f}osnh] fo”ofo|ky;
izdk”ku] okjk.klh
bdkbZ &2
e`PNdfVd ¼6&10 vad½
bdkbZ dh :ijs[kk
2-1 ifjp;
2-5 lkjka”k
2-6 eq[; “kCnkoyh
2-1 ifjp;
MkWŒ ijekuUn xqIr us ^laLd`r lkfgR; dk ifjp;* uked iqLrd esa e`PNdfVd ds NBs vad ls nlosa vad rd
dk ifjp; bl izdkj fn;k gS &
NBs vad esa pk#nÙk iq’idj.Md th.kksZ|ku esa pyk tkrk gSA olUrlsuk pk#nÙk ds iq= jksglsu ds fy,
feÍh dh xkM+h ds LFkku ij lksus dh xkM+h cuokus ds fy, vius vkHkw’k.k izLrqr djrh gSA blds ckn pk#nÙk
rFkk “kdkj dh xkfM+;ksa ds cnyus dk n`”; gSA olUrlsuk rks pk#nÙk dh xkM+h le>dj “kdkj dh xkM+h esa cSB
tkrh gS rFkk pk#nÙk dh xkM+h esa dSn ls Hkkxk gqvk vk;Zd p<+ tkrk gSA lkrosa vad esa vk;Zd pk#nÙk feyu
gksrk gS rFkk pk#nÙk vk;Zd dks vHk; iznku dj mls fonk djrk gSA vkBosa vad esa “kdkj olUrlsuk dk xyk
?kksaV dj mls ewfNZr dj e`r le> dj iÙkksa ls <d dj U;k;ky; pyk tkrk gS rkfd pk#nÙk ij olUrlsuk
dh gR;k dk >wBk eqdÌek pyk;k tkosA b/kj ckS) fHk{kq cuk gqvk laokgd olUrlsuk dks gks”k esa ys vkrk gSA
uosa vad esa U;k;ky; esa ;g izekf.kr gks tkrk gS fd vkHkw’k.kksa ds fy, pk#nÙk us olUrlsuk dh gR;k dh gSA
izek.kLo:i fonw’kd ds ikl ls olUrlsuk ds vkHkw’k.k Hkh miyC/k gks tkrs gSaA ifj.kker% pk#nÙk dks izk.kn.M
feyrk gSA nlosa vad esa olUrlsuk ds mifLFkr gksus ij pk#nÙk dks NksM+ fn;k tkrk gSA b/kj “kfoZyd jktk
ikyd dks ekj dj vk;Zd dks jktk cukrk gSA olUrlsuk dks pk#nÙk dh o/kw cuk fn;k tkrk gSA
• dfo “kwnzd dh Hkk’kk&”kSyh dk fo”ys’k.k dj ik,axs(
• e`PNdfVd ds NBs ls nlosa vad rd dh dFkkoLrq dk foospu dj ldsaxs(
bdkbZ&2 76
• e`PNdfVd dh ukf;dk olUrlsuk ds pfj= ls voxr gks ik,axs(

• “kfoZyd dk pfj=&fp=.k dj ik,axs(
• ukV~;&dyk dh n`f’V ls e`PNdfVd dh leh{kk dj ik,axsA
2-3 e`PNdfVd ¼6&10 vad½
‘k’Bks·ad
fgRok·ga ujifrcU/kukins”k&
O;kifÙkO;luegk.kZoa egkUre~A
iknkxzfLFkrfuxMSdik”kd’khZ
izHkz’Vks xt bo cU/kukn~HkzekfeAA1AA
vUo;% & egkUre~] ujifrcU/kukins”kO;kifÙkO;luegk.kZoa] fgRok] iknkxzfLFkrfux& MSdik”kd’khZ] vga] cU/kukr~]
izHkz’V%] xt%] bo] HkzekfeA
vFkZ & vk;Zd & jktk dh dSn ds cgkus ls gksus okyh cgqr cM+s vkifÙk:i ladV ds fo”kky egklkxj dks ikj
djds] iSj ds fupys fgLls esa yxs] csM+h :i ,d ik”k dks [khapus okyk eSa] cU/ku ls NwVs gkFkh ds leku] ?kwe jgk
gw¡A1A
HkkX;kfu es ;fn rnk ee dks·ijk/kks
;}U;ukx bo la;ferks·fLe rsuA
nSoh p flf)jfr ya?kf;rqa u “kD;k]
xE;ks uìks cyDrk lg dks fojks/k% \AA2AA
vUo;% & ;fn] es] HkkX;kfu] rnk] ee] d%] vijk/k%] ;r~] rsu] oU;ukx%] bo] la;fer%] vfLe%] nSohs] flf)%] vfi]
p] yaof;rqa u] “kD;k] ¼rFkkfi½] uì%] xE;%] cyork] lg] d%] fojks/k% \
vFkZ & ;fn esjs HkkX; gSa] rks mlesa esjk dkSu lk nks’k \ ftlls ml jktk ikyd ds }kjk eSa] taxyh gkFkh ds
leku] cU/ku esa Mky fn;k x;k FkkA HkkX; o”k gksus okyh jkT; dh flf) Hkh Vkyh ugha tk ldrhA fQj Hkh
jktk ¼lcds fy;s½ lsok djus ds ;ksX; gSA ¼D;ksafd½ cy”kkyh ds lkFk D;k fojks/k \ ¼vFkkZr~ & Hkk; esa ;fn jkT;
gksxk rks vo”; feysxkA fdUrq bl le; cy”kkyh jktk ds fojks/k djds d’V mBkuk Bhd ugha gSA mlls esy
dj ysuk pkfg,½A2A
bna x`ga fHkUuenÙkn.Mks fo”kh.kZlaf?k”p egkdikV%A
/kzqoa dqVqEch O;lukfHkHkwrka n”kka iziUuks ee rqY;HkkX;%AA3AA
vUo;% & bna] x`ga] fHkUue~] vnÙkn.M%] fo”kh.kZlfU/k%] egkdikV%] p] ¼vfLr] vr%] Kk;rs½] ee] rqY;HkkX;%] dqVqEch]
/kzqoa] O;lukfHkHkwrka] n”kka] iziUu%] ¼vfLr½A
vFkZ & ;g ?kj QwVk gqvk gSA fcuk n.M yxk;h gqbZ] QVs gq, tksM+ & LFkku okyh] fdokM+ gSA ¼vr% ekywe iM+rk
gS fd½ esjs tSlk eUn HkkX;okyk ;g ?kj dk ekfyd vo”; gh nq%[kksa ls Hkjh gkyr dks izkIr gks x;k gSA3A
Hkosn~xks’Bh;kua u p fo’ke”khySjf/kxra
o/kwla;kua ok rnfHkxeuksifLFkrfene~A
cfgusZrO;a ok izojtu;ksX;a fof/ko”kk&
f}foDrRokPNwU;a ee [kyq HkosÌSofofgre~AA4AA
vUo;% & bne~] fo’k”khyS%] vf/kxra] xks’B;kua] u] p] Hkosr~] ok] o/kwla;kua] ¼u] Hkosr~½] ¼;r~½] nSofofgre~] Hkosr~A
vFkZ & vk;Zd & ¼lqudj½ vjs] xkM+h b/kj gh vk jgh gSA
;g xkM+h [kjkc vkpj.kokys vknfe;ksa ds }kjk p<+h x;h fdlh mRlo esa tkus okyh lokjh u gks vFkok ;g
fdlh nqyfgu dh lokjh u gks tks mls ys tkus ds fy;s vk;h gS \ vFkok HkkX; ds dkj.k lwuh ckgj ys tkus
okyh] cM+s yksxksa ds p<+us ds yk;d u gks vFkok futZu gksus ds dkj.k [kkyh ;g xkM+h fu”p; gh esjs HkkX; ds
}kjk u Hksth x;h gks \A4A
fda vPN/k ohl)k tks lks xksokynkjvks c)ksA
HksÙkw.k lea oPpb .kjobfgvva v ca/k.ka pkfoAA5AA
fda jFk foJC/kk ;% l xksikynkjdks c)%A
fHkÙok lea oztfr ujifrân;a p cU/kua pkfiAA5AA
vUo;% & foJC/kk%] fda] LFk] ;%] xksikynkjd%] #)%] l%] ujifrân;a] p] cU/kue~] vfi] lea] fHkÙok] oztfrA
vFkZ & ohjd% & vjs ! vjs ! t;] t;eku] pUnud] eaxy ,oa iq’iHknz vkfn iz/kku ¼j{kdksa½A rqe yksx fuf”pUr
gksdj D;ksa [kM+s gks \ tks vghj dk yM+dk cUnh cuk;k x;k Fkk] og jktk ds ân; ,oa cU/k nksuksa dks ,d lkFk
gh rksM+dj Hkkxk tk jgk gSA5A
vkvPN/k ohlRFkk rqfjva tÙksg ygq djsTtkg
yPNh ts.k .k j..ksigob xksÙkarja xarqaAA6AA
vkxPNFk fo”oLrkLRofjra ;r/oa y?kq dq#rA
y{eh;sZu u jkK% izHkofr xks=kUrja xUrqe~AA6AA
vUo;% & gs fo”oLrk% ! vkxPNFk] Rofjra] ;r/oa] y?kq] dq#r] ;su] jkK%] y{eh%] xks=kUrja] xUrqe~] u] izHkofrA6A
vFkZ & gs fo”oklik=ksa ! vkvks] “kh?kzrk ls ¼vk;Zd dks idM+us dh½ dksf”k”k djks] “kh?kzrk djksA ftlls jktk
ikyd dh jkT;&y{eh nwljs dqy esa u tk lds vFkkZr~ vk;Zd jktk u gks ldsA
mTtk.kslq lgklq v eXus .kvjhv vko.ks ?kkslsA
ra ra tksgg rqfjva ladk dk tkv, tRFkAA7AA
m|kus’kq lHkklq p ekxsZ ux;kZeki.ks ?kks’ksA
ra reUos’k;r Rofjra “kadk ok tk;rs ;=AA7AA
vUo;% & m|kus’kq] lHkklq] p] ekxsZ] ux;kZe~] vki.ks] ?kks’ks] ok] ;Ru] “kadk] tk;rs] ra] ra] Rofjre~] vUos’k;rA
bdkbZ&2 78
vFkZ & cxhpksa esa] lHkkvksa esa] jkLrs esa] uxjh] cktkj ,oa vghjksa dh cLrh esa] tgk¡ dgha “kadk iSnk gks mu mu
txgksa dks “kh?kzr;k [kkstksA7A
js js ohjv ! fda fda nfjlsfl Hk.kkfn nko ohl)aA
HksÙkw.k v ca/k.kva dks lks xksokynkjva gjbAA8AA
js js ohjd ! fda fda n”kZ;fl Hk.kfl rkof}JC/ke~A
fHkÙkok p cU/kuda d% l xksikynkjda gjfrAA8AA
vUo;% & js js ohjd ! fda fda] n”kZ;fl] foJC/ka] fda] Hk.kfl] rkor~ cU/kude~] fHkÙok] l%] d%] ¼;%½] xksikynkjde~]
gjfrA
vFkZ & vjs ohjd ! D;k D;k fn[kyk jgs gks \ fo”okliwoZd D;k dg jgs gks \ cU/ku dks rksM+dj og dkSu vghj
ds cPps dks NqM+k;s fy;s tk jgk gS \A8A
dLlV~Veks fn.kvjks dLl pmRFkks v oV~V, panksA
NV~Bks v HkXxoxgks Hkwfelqvks iapeks dLl \AA9AA
dL;k’Veks fnudj% dL; prqFkZ”p orZrs pUnz%A
‘k’B”p HkkxZoxzgks Hkwfelqr% iape% dL; \AA9AA
vUo;% & dL;] v’Ve%] fnudj%] dL;] pUnz%] prqFkZ%] p] orZrs dL;] HkkxZoxzg%] ‘k’B%] p] Hkwfelqr%] iape%] orZrsA
vFkZ & fdlds vkBosa LFkku ij lw;Z gS \ pUnzek fdlds pkSFks LFkku ij gS \ fdlds NBs LFkku ij “kqØ ,oa
ik¡posa LFkku ij eaxy gS \A9A
Hk.k dLl tEeNV~Bks thoks .koeks rgsv lwjlqvksA
thvars pan.k, dks lks xksokynkjva gjbAA10AA
Hk.k dL; tUe’k’Bks uoeLrFkSo lwjlqr%A
thofr pUnuds d% l xksikynkjda gjfrAA10AA
vUo;% & Hk.k] tho%] dL;%] tUe’k’B%] rFkSo] lwjlqr%] ¼dL;½] uoe% \] pUnds] thofr] l%] d%] ¼;%½]
xksikynkjde~] gjfrA
vFkZ & crykvks] c`gLifr fdldh tUe&jkf”k ls NBs LFkku ij gS \ rFkk “kfu uosa LFkku ij gS \ pUnud ds
ftUnk jgrs gq, og dkSu gS tks vghj ds cPps dks NqM+k;s ys tk jgk gS \A10A
vogjb dksfo rqfjva pan.kv lokfe rqTt fgv,.kA
tb v)bnfn.kvjs xksokyvnkjvks [kqfMnksAA11AA
vUo;% & gs pUnud ! ro] ân;su] “kis] dks·fi] Rofjra] ¼vk;Zde~½ vigfjr] ;Fkk] v/kksZfnrfnudjs] xksikynkjd%]
[kqfVr%A
vFkZ & eSa rqEgkjs ân; dh lkSxU/k [kkrk gw¡A gs pUnud ! dksbZ tYnh ls vk;Zd fy;s tk jgk gSA D;ksafd lw;Z ds
vk/kk fudyus ds le; og xksiky&iq= Hkkx fudyk FkkA11A
vksgkfjvks iog.kks oPpb eT>s.k jkveXxLlA

,na nko fovkjg dLl dfga ioflvks iog.kks fÙkAA12AA
viokfjra izog.ka oztfr e/;su jktekxZL;A
,rÙkkof}pkj; dL; dq= izsf’kra izog.kfefrAA12AA
vUo;% & jktekxZL;] e/;su] viokfjra] izog.ka] oztfr] ,rr~] rkor~] fopkj;] dL;] izog.ka] dq=] izsf’kre~] bfrA
vFkZ & lM+d ds chpkschp diM+s ls <dh gqbZ xkM+h tk jgh gSA ;g lc iwNrkN djks fd fdldh xkM+h gS vkSj
dgk¡ tk jgh gSA12A
dks ra xq.kkjfoana lhyfevada t.kks .k tk.kkfnA
vko..knqD[keksD[ka pmlkvjlkjva jv.kaAA13AA
dLra xq.kkjfoUna “khye`xkada tuks u tkukfrA
vkiUunq%[keks{ka prq%lkxjlkja jRue~AA13AA
vUo;% & xq.kkjfoUne~] “khye`xkade~] vkiUunq%[keks{ke~] prq%lkxjlkje~] jRue~] re~] d%] tu%] u] tkukfrA
vFkZ & xq.kksa esa dey ds leku ¼lqUnj½] LoHkko esa pUnzek ds rqY; ¼fiz;½] foifÙk esa iM+s gq, yksxksa ds nq%[k dks
nwj djus okys] pkjksa&lkxjksa ds lkjHkwr jRu ml ¼vk;Z pk#nÙk½ dks dkSu vkneh ugha tkurk \ ¼vFkkZr~ lHkh
mudks tkurs gSa½A13A
}koso iwtuh;kfog ux;k± frydHkwrkS pA
vk;kZ olUrlsuk /keZfuf/k”pk#nÙk”pAA
nks Ttso iwv.khvk bg .vjh, fryv Hkwnk v
vTtk olarls.kk /kEef.kgh pk#nÙkks vAA14AA
vUo;% & bg] ux;kZe~] }kS] ,o] iwtuh;kS] frydHkwrkS] p] vk;kZ] olUrlsuk] /keZfuf/k%] pk#nÙk%] pA
vFkZ & bl ¼mTtf;uh½ uxjh esa nks gh O;fDr iwtuh; ,oa fljekSj :i gSa & vk;kZ olUrlsuk vkSj /keZfuf/k
pk#nÙkA14A
tk.kkfe pk#nÙka olarls.ka v lqV~B tk.kkfeA
iÙkrs v jkvdTts finja fi vga .k tk.kkfeAA15AA
tkukfe pk#nra olUrlsuka p lq’Bq tkukfeA
izkIrs p jktdk;sZ firjeI;ga u tkukfeAA15AA
vUo;% & pk#nÙke~] tkukfe] olUrlsuke~] p lq’Bq tkukfe] p] jktdk;sZ] izkIrs] vge~] firje~] vfi] u] tkukfeA
vFkZ & ohjd & vjs pUnud & pk#nÙk dks tkurk gw¡ vkSj olUrlsuk dks Hkh Hkyh Hkk¡fr tkurk gw¡A ¼fdUrq½
jktdh; dk;Z iM+us ij eSa ¼vius½ firk dks Hkh ugha tkurk gw¡A15A
bdkbZ&2 80
,ddk;Zfu;ksxs·fi uku;ksLrqY;”khyrkA
fookgs p fprk;ka p ;Fkk gqrHkqtks}Z;ks%AA16AA
vUo;% & ,ddk;Zfu;ksxs] vfi] vu;ks%] rqY;”khyrk] u] ;Fkk] fookgs] p] fprk;ke~] p] };ks%] gqrHkqtks%A
vFkZ & bl izdkj ds gh dke esa yxs jgus ij Hkh bu nksuksa dk LoHkko ,d leku ugha gSA ftl rjg fookg dh
vfXu rFkk fprk dh vfXu & nksuksa esa lekurk ugha gksrhA ¼vFkkZr~ pUnud fookg dh vkx ds leku lq[knk;h gS
vkSj ohjd fprk dh vkx dh rjg nq%[knk;h gS½A16A
HkheL;kuqdfj’;kfe ckgq% “kL=a Hkfo’;frA
oja O;k;PNrks e`R;quZ x`ghrL; cU/kusAA17AA
vUo;% & ¼vge~½] HkheL;] vuqdfj’;kfe] ¼es½ ckgq%] “kL=e~ Hkfo’;fr] O;k;PNr%] ¼ee½] e`R;q%] oje~] cU/kus]
x`ghrL;] uA
vFkZ & ¼eSa½ Hkhe dh udy d:axkA ¼esjh½ Hkqtk gh “kL= gksxhA yM+rs gq, ej tkuk vPNk gS] dkjkxkj esa iM+s gq,
dk ugha ¼ejuk Bhd gS½A17A
R;tfr fdy ra t;JhtZgfr p fe=kf.k cU/kqoxZ”pA
Hkofr p lnksigkL;ks ;% [kyq “kj.kkxra R;tfrAA18AA
vUo;% & ;%] “kj.kxre~ R;tfr] re~] t;Jh%] [kyq R;tfr] fe=kf.k] cU/kqoxZ%] p] fdy] tgfr] ¼l%½] lnk]
migkL;%] p] HkofrA
vFkZ & vk;Zd & tks ¼O;fDr½ “kj.k esa vk;s gq, dh j{kk ugha djrk gS] fu”p; gh mldks fot;y{eh R;kx nsrh
gSA fe= rFkk HkkbZ&cU/kq Hkh mls NksM+ nsrs gSaA vkSj og ges”kk g¡lh dk ik= gksrk gSA18A
HkhnkHkvIink.ka nÙkL; ijksovkjflvLlA
tb gksb gksm .kkvks rgfo gq yks, xq.kks tsoAA19AA
HkhrkHk;iznkua nnr% ijksidkjjfldL;A
;fn Hkofr Hkorq uk”kLrFkkfi [kyq yksds xq.k ,oAA19AA
vUo;% & HkhrkHk;iznkue~] nnr%] ijksidkjjfldL;] ¼tuL;½ ;fn] uk”k%] Hkofr] Hkorq] rFkkfi] yksds] xq.k%] ,o]
¼Hkofr½A
vFkZ & Mjs gq, dks vHk;nku nsus okys ijksidkj djus ds izseh ¼vkneh½ dh ;fn e`R;q gks tkrh gS rks gksus nksA
ej tkus ij Hkh lalkj esa ¼mldh½ iz”kalk gh gksrh gS vFkkZr~ eq>s vk;Zd dh j{kk djuh pkfg,] pkgs blesa gekjh
e`R;q gh gks tk;A19A
laHke?kX?kjdaBks rqea fi tknks fl ta rq, ef.knaA
fnV~Bks e, [kq vTtks iq.kks fo vTtk olrls.ksfrAA20AA
laHkze?k?kZjd.BLRoefi tkrks·fl ;Ùo;k Hkf.kre~A
n`’Vks e;k [kYok;Z% iqujI;k;kZ olUrlsusfrAA20AA
vUo;% & Roe~] vfi] laHkze?k?kZjd.B%] tkr%] vfl] ;r~] Ro;k] ¼iwoZe~½] e;k] [kyq] vk;Z%] nq’V iqujfi] vk;kZ]
olUrlsuk] bfrA
vFkZ & ohjd & ?kcM+kgV ds dkj.k rqEgkjh vkokt ?k?kZjk ¼yM+[kM+k½ jgh gSA vkSj rqeus ¼igys½ dgk eSaus vk;Z
dks ns[k fy;k vkSj ckn esa dgk vk;kZ olUrlsuk dks ns[k fy;kA ¼blls eq>s lansg gks x;k gSA½A20A
tk.karks fo gq tkfna rqT> v .k Hk.kkfe lhyfogos.kA
fpV~Bm egfPpv e.ks fda p dbRFks.k HkXxs.kAA21AA
tkuUufi [kyq tkfra ro p u Hk.kkfe “khyfoHkosuA
fr’Brq eeSo eufl fda p dfiRFksu HkXusuAA21AA
vUo;% & ro%] tkfre~] [kyq] tkuu~] vfi] “khyfoHkosu] u] Hk.kkfe] ¼lk½] ee] ,o] eufl] fr’Brq] dfiRFksu] HkXusu]
p] fde~A
vFkZ & rqEgkjh tkfr dks Bhd&Bhd tkurs gq, Hkh ¼viuh½ “khy&lEiUurk ds dkj.k ugha dg jgk gw¡A ¼rqEgkjh
tkfr dk uke½ esjs gh eu esa jgs] dSFk rksM+us ls D;k ykHk \ ¼vFkkZr~ rqEgkjh tkfr izdV djus ls rqEgkjh uhprk
gh fl) gksxhA ftl izdkj Åij ls lqUnj yxus okys dSFk ds Qy dks rksM+us ls vUnj dh fuLlkjrk izdV gks
tkrh gS½A21A
fl..kflykvygRFkks iqfjlk.ka dqPpxafBlaBo.kksA
dÙkfjokoqngRFkks rqea fi ls.kkobZ tknksAA22AA
vUo;% & “kh.kZf”kykrygLr%] iq#’kk.kke~] dwpZxzfUFklaLFkkiu%] drZjhO;ki`rgLr%] Roe~] vfi] lsukifr%] tkr%A
vFkZ & pUnud & ¼mLrjk iSuk djus ds fy;s½ VwVs iRFkj ds VqdM+s dks gkFk esa j[kusokyk] iq#’kksa dh nk<+h
Nhyusokyk ,oa dSaph pykus esa O;Lr gkFkokyk rw ¼ukbZ½ Hkh lsukifr gks x;k gSA22A
tknh rqT> folq)k eknk Hksjh fink fo ns iMgksA
nqEeqg ! djMvHkknk rqea fi ls.kkobZ tknksAA23AA
tkfrLro fo”kq)k ekrk Hksjh firkfi rs iVg%A
nqeqZ[k ! djVdHkzkrk Roefi lsukifrtkZr%AA23AA
vUo;% & ro] tkfr%] fo”kq)k] Hksjh] rs ekrk] firk] vfi] iVg%] gs nqeqZ[k ! djVdHkzkrk] Roe~] vfi] lsukifr%]
tkr%A
vFkZ & gs dVq cksyus okys ! rqEgkjh tkfr ,dne ifo= gSA Hksjh ¼nqUnqfHk½ ekrk gS] iVg ¼rklk½ firk gS] djVd
¼,d izdkj dk peM+s ls e<+k cktk½ ds HkkbZ rqe ¼pekj½ Hkh lsukifr gks x;sA23A
v;s “kL=a e;k izkIra LiUnrs nf{k.kks Hkqt%A
vuqdwya p ldya gUr lajf{krks áge~AA24AA
vUo;% & v;s] e;k] “kL=e~] izkIre~] nf{k.k%] Hkqt%] LiUnrs] ldye~] vuqdwye~] gUr ! vge~] fg] lajf{krA
vFkZ & vk;Zd & ¼ryokj ysdj izlUurkiwoZd vius vki½
bdkbZ&2 82
vjs ! eSaus “kL= ik fy;kA nk;ha Hkqtk QM+d jgh gSA lc dqN vuqdwy gSA izlUurk gS] eSa cp x;k gw¡A24A
,RFk e, fo..kfonk iPpbnk pan.ka fi lqejsflA
.k Hk.kkfe ,l yq)ks .ksgLl jls.k cksYykeksAA25AA
v= e;k foKIrk izR;f;rk pUnuefi LejflA
u Hk.kkE;s’k yqC/k% LusgL; jlsu czwe%AA25AA
vUo;% & v=] e;k] foKIrk] izR;f;rk] ¼Roe~½] pUnue~] vfi] Lejfl] ,’k%] yqC/k% ¼lu~½] u] Hk.kkfe] ¼fdUrq½
LusgL;] jlsu] czwe%A
vFkZ & pUnud & vk;sZ ! vkils esjh fourh gS fd bl foifÙk ls fudy tkus ij fuf”pUrrk dh gkyr esa ¼eq>½
pUnud dks Hkh ;kn j[kukA ¼;g ckr½ eSa fdlh ykyp ds dkj.k ugha dg jgk gw¡] ¼cfYd½ Lusg jl ds dkj.k
dg jgk gw¡ ¼vFkkZr~ esjs dgus dk ;g eryc ugha gS fd jktk gksus ij eq>s dksbZ cM+k in nsukA eSa dsoy izseo”k
dg jgk gw¡½A25A
pUnupUnz”khyk<Óks nSokn| lqâUeeA
pUnua Hkks% Lefj’;kfe fl)kns”kLrFkk ;fnAA26AA
vUo;% & pUnz”khyk<Ó%] pUnu%] nSokr~] v|] ee] lqâr~] ¼tkr%½] Hkks% ¼fe= !½] ;fn] fl)kns”k%] rFkk ¼rnk½]
pUnue~] Lefj’;kfeA
vFkZ & vk;Zd & pUnzek ds leku ¼lqUnj½ LoHkkookyk pUnud la;ksx ls vkt esjk fe= gks x;k gSA gs ¼fe=½ !
;fn fl) dh Hkfo’;ok.kh lgh fudyh rks ¼eSa½ pUnud dks ;kn d:¡xkA26A
vHkva rqg nsm gjks fo.gw cEgk joh v panks vA
gÙkw.k lÙkwoD[ka laqHkf.klqaHks t/kk nsohAA27AA
vHk;a ro nnkrq gjks fo’.kqczZãk jfo”p pUnz”pA
gRok “k=qi{ka “kqEHkfu”kqEHkkS ;Fkk nsohAA27AA
vUo;% & gj%] fo’.kq%] czãk] jfo%] pUnz%] p] ro] vHk;e~] nnkrq] “k=qi{ke~] gRok] ¼rFkSo] fot;e~] yHkLo½] ;Fkk]
“kqEHkfu”kqEHkkS ¼gRok½ nsoh ¼izkIrorh½A
vFkZ & pUnud & “kadj] fo’.kq] czãk] lw;Z vkSj pUnzek rqEgsa vHk; iznku djsaA “k=q ds ny dks ekjdj ¼rqe mlh
izdkj fot; ikvks½ tSls “kqEHk ,oa fu”kqEHk dks ekjdj nsoh us ik;k FkkA27A
lIreks·ad
of.kt bo HkkfUr rjo% i.;kuho fLFkrkfu dqlqekfuA
“kqYdfeo lk/k;Urks e/kqdjiq#’kk% izfopjfUrAA1AA
vUo;% & rjo%] of.kt%] bo%] HkkfUr] dqlqekfu] i.;kfu] bo] fLFkrkfu] e/kqdjiq#’kk%] “kqYde~] lk/k;Ur%] bo]
izfopjfUrA
vFkZ & fonw’kd & vgk ! nsf[k;s] nsf[k;s iq’idj.Md th.kksZ|ku ¼iqjkus cxhps½ dh lqUnjrk dksA pk#nÙk & fe=
! ,slk gh gSA D;ksafd & o`{k cfu;ksa tSls yx jgs gSaA Qwy csph tkus okyh oLrqvksa ds leku fojkt jgs gSaA
¼ljdkjh½ iq#’kksa dh Hkk¡fr HkkSajs dj olwy djrs gq, ls fQj jgs gSaA1A
fda ;kR;L; iqj% “kuS% izog.ka rL;kUrja ekxZrs
HkXus·{ks ifjorZua izdq#rs fNUuks·Fk ok izxzg%A
oRekZUrksfT>rnk#okfjrxfrekZxkZUrja ;kprs
LoSja izsfjrxks;qx% fdeFkok LoPNUnekxPNfrAA2AA
vUo;% & fde~] vL;] iqj%] izog.ke~] “kuS%] ;kfr] rL;] vUrje~] ekxZrs \ v{ks] HkXus] ifjorZue~] dq#rs \ vFkok]
izxzg%] fNUu% \ ¼vFkok½ ôRekZUrksfT>rnk#okfjrxfr% ¼lu~½] ekxkZUrje~] ;kprs \ vFkok] LoSje~] izsfjrxks;qx%]
LoPNUne~] vkxPNfr] fde~ \
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & rks D;ksa nsj dj jgk gS\
D;k o/kZekud ds vkxs dksbZ nwljh xkM+h /khjs&/khjs tk jgh gS \ vkSj og ml xkM+h ls vkxs c<+us dk jkLrk <w¡<
jgk gS \ vFkok /kqjk VwV tkus ij cny jgk gS \ vFkok jLlh gh VwV x;h \ vFkok lM+d ds chpks&chp j[k
NksM+s x;s Hkkjh dkB ls jkLrk :d tkus ds dkj.k nwljk ekxZ <w¡< jgk gS vFkok /khjs&/khjs cSyksa dks gk¡drk gqvk
ekSt ls vk jgk gS D;k \A2A
ujifriq#’kk.kka n”kZukn~HkhrHkhr%
lfuxMpj.kRokRlko”ks’kkilkj%A
vfofnref/k:<ks ;kfe lk/kksLrq ;kus
ijHk`r bo uhMs jf{krks ok;lhfHk%AA3AA
vUo;% & ujifriq#’kk.kke~] n”kZukr~] HkhrHkhr%] lfuxMpj.kRokr~] lko”ks’kkilkj%] ¼vge~½ ok;lhfHk%] uhMs] jf{kr%]
ijHk`r%] bo] lk/kks%] ;kus] vfofnre~] ¼rq½] vf/k:<%] ¼lu~½] ;kfeA
vFkZ & ¼fNidj cSBk gqvk vk;Zd ftlesa ,slh xkM+h ij cSBk gqvk izos”k djds½
psV & pyks cSyks ! pyks !
vk;Zd & ¼vius vki½ jktiq#’kksa dks ns[kus ls vR;Ur Mjk gqvk] csM+h ls iSj tdM+s jgus ds dkj.k iw.kZ:i ls
Hkkx fudyus esa vleFkZ] eSa dkSoksa dh fL=;ksa ds }kjk ?kkslys esa ikys x;s dks;y ds leku] fdlh lTtu iq#’k
dh lokjh ij fNis :i ls p<+dj tk jgk gw¡A3A
l rkonLekn~O;luk.kZoksfRFkra fujh{; lk/kq% leqiSfr fuo`ZfÙke~A
“kjhjesrn~xrehn`”kha n”kka /k`ra e;k rL; egkReuks xq.kS%AA4AA
vUo;% & rkor~] l%] lk/kq%] vLekr~] O;luk.kZoksfRFkre~] ¼eke~½] fujh{;] fuo`ZfÙke~] leqiSfr] bZn`”khe~] n”kke~] xre~]
,rr~] “kjhje~] e;k] rL;] egkReu%] xq.kS%] /k`re~A
vFkZ & og lTtu bl foifÙk:ih lkxj ls mcjk gqvk eq>s ns[kdj lq[k dks izkIr gksaxsA eSaus ,slh gkyr esa iM+s
gq, bl “kjhj dks mUgha egkRek ds xq.kksa ls gh /kkj.k fd;k gSA4A
bdkbZ&2 84
dfjdjleckgq% flagihuksUurkal%
i`Fkqrjleo{kkLrkezyksyk;rk{k%A
dFkfenelekua izkIr ,oafo/kks ;ks
ogfr fuxMesda iknyXua egkRekAA5AA
vUo;% & dfjdjleckgq%] flagihuksUurkal%] i`Fkqrjleo{kk%] rkezyksyk;rk{k%] ;%] ,oafo/k%] egkRek] ¼vLr] l%½]
dFke~] bne~] vlekue~] ¼cU/kue~½ izkIr%] ¼lu~½ iknyXue~] ,de~] fuxMe~] ogfrA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼xkM+h ij p<+dj vkSj ns[kdj½ vjs ! rks ;g dkSu gS \
gkFkh ds lw¡M ds leku ftldh Hkqtk,¡ gSaA flag ds leku eksVs ,oa Å¡ps ftlds dU/ks gSaA Å¡ph ,oa lery
ftldh Nkrh gSA rk¡cs ds jax dh] papy rFkk cM+h&cM+h ftldh vk¡[ksa gSa & bl izdkj dk tks ;g egkRek gS
¼og½ dSls bl v;ksX; gkyr esa iM+dj iSj esa yxh gqbZ ,d csM+h dks /kkj.k dj jgk gS \A5A
fof/kuSoksiuhrLRoa p{kqfoZ’k;ekxr%A
vfi izk.kkuga táka u rq Roka “kj.kkxre~AA6AA
vUo;% & fof/kuk] ,o] miuhr%] Roe~] ¼ee½] p{kqfoZ’k;e~] vkxr%] ¼vfl½A vge~] izk.kku~] vfi] táke~] rq]
“kj.kkxre~] Roke~] uA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & HkkX; ds }kjk gh yk;s rqe esjh vk¡[kksa ds fo’k; gq, gksA pkgs eSa izk.kksa dks Hkys gh NksM+ nw¡]
fdUrq “kj.k esa vk;s gq, rqedks ugha NksM+ ldrkA6A
pk#nÙk% & {kses.k ozt ckU/koku~
vk;Zd% & uuq e;k yC/kks HkokUckU/ko%
pk#nÙk% & LerZO;ks·fLe dFkkUrjs’kq Hkork
vk;Zd% & LokRekfi foLe;ZrsA
pk#nÙk% & Roka j{kUrq ifFk iz;kUreejk%
vk;Zd% & lajf{krks·ga Ro;k
pk#nÙk% & LoSHkkZX;S% ifjjf{krks·fl
vk;Zd% & uuq gs r=kfi gsrqHkZoku~AA7AA
vUo;% & {kses.k] ckU/koku~] oztA uuq] e;k] Hkoku~] ckU/ko%] yC/k%A Hkork] dFkkUrjs’kq] LerZO;%] vfLeA LokRek] vfi]
foLe;Zrs \ ifFk%] iz;kUre~] Roke~] vejk%] j{kUrq] vge~] Ro;k] lajf{kr%A LoS%] HkkX;S%] ifjjf{kr%] vflA uuq] gs] r=]
vfi] Hkoku~] gsrq%A
vFkZ &
pk#nÙk & dq”kyrk ds lkFk vius lEcfU/k;ksa ds ikl tkvksA
vk;Zd & fu”p; gh eSaus vkidks gh lEcU/kh ik fy;k gSA
pk#nÙk & ¼dHkh&dHkh½ ckrphr esa esjh ;kn dj ysukA
vk;Zd & D;k viuk vkRek Hkh Hkqyk;k tkrk gS \

pk#nÙk & jkLrs esa tkrs gq, rqEgkjh j{kk nsork djsaA
vk;Zd & eSa rqEgkjs }kj cpk;k x;k vFkkZr~ jf{kr gqvkA
pk#nÙk & vius HkkX;ksa ds }kjk cpk;s x;s gksA
vk;Zd & fe= ! fu”p; gh blesa Hkh vki dkj.k gSaA7A
d`RoSoa euqtirseZgn~O;yhda
LFkkrqa fg {k.kefi u iz”kLrefLeu~A
eS=s; ! f{ki fuxMa iqjk.kdwis
i”;s;q% f{kfrir;ks fg pkjn`’VÓkAA8AA
vUo;% & ,oa] euqtirs%] egr~] O;yhde~] d`Rok] vfLeu~] ¼m|kus½] {k.ke~] vfi] LFkkrqe~] fg] eS=s; ! fuxMe~]
iqjk.kdwis] f{ki] fg] f{kfrir;%] pkjn`’VÓk] i”;s;q%A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & bl izdkj jktk dk cgqr cM+k vijk/k djds bl cxhps esa {k.k Hkj Hkh #duk mfpr ugha gSA
eS=s; ! csM+h dks iqjkus dq,¡ esa Qsad nks] D;ksafd jktk yksx nwr :ih vk¡[kksa ls ns[krs gSaA8A
vi”;rks·| rka dkUrka okea LQqjfr ykspue~A
vdkj.kifj=Lra ân;a O;Fkrs eeAA9AA
vUo;% & v|] rke~] dkUrke~] vi”;r%] ee] okee~] ykspue~] LQqjfr] vdkj.k& ifj=Lre~] ee] ân;e~] O;FkrsA
vFkZ & vkt ml fiz;rek dks u ns[kus okys esjh ck;h vk¡[k QM+d jgh gSA fcuk dkj.k ds gh ?kcjk;k gqvk esjk
ân; ihfM+r gks jgk gSA9A
v’Veks·ad%
“katEe/k f.kviksVa f.kPpa tXxs/k >k.kiMgs.kA
fo”kek bafnvpksyk gyafr fpylfpna /kEeaAA1AA
la;PNr futksnja fuR;a tkxr /;kuiVgsu
fo’kek bfUnz;pkSjk gjfUr fpjlafpra /keZe~AA1AA
vUo;% & futksnje~] la;PNr] /;kuiVgsu] fuR;e~] tkxzr] fo’k;k%] bfUnz;pkSjk%] fpjflapre~] /keZe~] gjfUrA
vFkZ & fHk{kq ¼ckS) laU;klh½ & vjs vKkuh tuksa ! /keZ dk lap; djks &
vius isV dks ladqfpr djks vFkkZr~ de [kkvksA /;ku :ih uxkM+s ls ges”kk tkxrs jgks] D;ksafd bfUnz;:ih
cy”kkyh pksj cgqr fnuksa ls lafpr fd;s x;s /keZ Nhu ysrs gSaA1A
iapt.k ts.k ekfynk bfRFkv ekfyv xke yfD[knsA
vcys d paMky ekfyns vola fo “ks .ky “kXx xkgfnAA2AA
iaptuk ;su ekfjrk fL=;a ekjf;Rok xzkeks jf{kr%A
vcy% Do p.Mkyks ekfjrks·o”;efi l uj% Lox± xkgrsAA2AA
bdkbZ&2 86
vUo;% & ;su] iaptuk%] ekfjrk%] fL=;e~] ekjf;Rok] xzke%] jf{kr%] vcy%] pk.Mky%] p] ekfjr%] l%] uj%] vo”;e~]
LoxZe~] xkgrsA
vFkZ & ftlus ik¡p tuksa ¼bfUnz;ksa½ dks ekj fn;k vFkkZr~ HkyhHkk¡fr o”k esa dj fy;k] vfo|k :ih L=h dks ekj dj
“kjhj :ih xk¡o dh j{kk dj yh rFkk ?ke.M :i fucZy pk.Mky dk o/k dj Mkyk og euq’; vo”; gh LoxZ esa
fogkj djrk gSA2A
f”ky eqafMns rqaM eqafMns fpÙk .k eqafMns dh”k eqafMnsA
tkg m.k v fpÙk eqafMns “kkgq “kqV~Bq f”ky rkg eqafMnsAA3AA
f”kjks eqf.Mra rq.Ma eqf.Mra fpÙka u eqf.Mra fdeFk± eqf.Mre~A
;L; iqu”p fpÙka eqf.Mra lk/kq lq’Bq f”kjLrL; eqf.Mre~AA3AA
vUo;% & f”kj%] eqf.Mre~] rq.Me~] eqf.Mre~ ¼fdUrq] ;fn½ fpÙke~] u] eqf.Mre~] ¼rnk½ fdeFkZe~] eqf.Mre~ \ iqu%]
;L;] p] fpÙke~] lk/kq] eqf.Mre~] rL;] f”kj%] lq’Bq] eqf.Mre~A
vFkZ & f”kj eq¡M+k;k] eq¡g eq¡M+k fy;k] fdUrq ;fn fpÙk ugha eq¡M+k;k rc fdlfy, eq¡M+k;k \ vkSj fQj ftldk fpÙk
vPNs izdkj ls eq¡M+k gqvk vFkkZr~ lkQ gS mldk f”kj Hkyh Hkk¡fr eq¡M+ x;k gS vFkkZr~ fpÙk ds ifo= jgus ij ckyksa
dk eq¡M+kuk Hkh lkFkZd gSA ;fn fpÙk lkQ ugha gS rks ckyksa dk eq¡M+kuk O;FkZ dh gSA3A
v”kj.k”kj.kizeksnHkwrSoZur#fHk% fØ;ek.kpk#deZA
ân;feo nqjkReukexqIra uofeo jkT;efuftZrksiHkksX;e~AA4AA
vUo;% & v”kj.k”kj.kizeksnHkwrS%] our#fHk%] fØ;ek.kpk#deZ%] nqjkReuke~] ân;e~] bo] vxqIre~] uoe~] jkT;e~] bo]
vfuftZrkiHkksX;e~] ¼m|kue~] Hkoku] i”;r~½A
vFkZ & fcuk ?kjokys yksxksa ds fy;s vkJ; rFkk vkuUn Lo:i ou&o`{kksa ds }kjk ftlesa lqUnj de fd;k tk jgk
gS vFkkZr~ vkJ;] Nk;k ,oa Qy&Qwy fn;k tk jgk gSA tks nq’V euq’;ksa ds ân; ds leku vfu;fU=r gSa vkSj u;s
jkT; dh rjg HkyhHkk¡fr o”k esa ugha fd;k x;k vkSj lcds miHkksx ds ;ksX; gSA4A
v|kI;L; rFkSo ds”kfojgkn~xkSjh yykVPNfo%
dkyL;kYir;k p phojd`r% LdU/ks u tkr% fd.k%A
ukH;Lrk p d’kk;oL=jpuk nwja fuxw<kUrja
oL=kUra p iVksPNª;kRizf”kfFkya LdU/ks u lafr’BrsAA5AA
vUo;% & v|] vfi] ds”kfojgkr~] vL;] yykVPNfo%] rFkSo] xkSjh] dkyL;] vYir;k] LdU/ks] phojd`r%] fd.k%] p]
u] tkr%] d’kk;oL=jpuk] p] u] vH;Lrk] nwje~] fuxw<kUrje~] iVksPNª;kr~] izf”kfFkye~] oL=kUre~] p] LdU/ks] u]
lafr’BrsA
vFkZ & foV & blesa tkuuk D;k gS \ ns[kks &
vkt Hkh] f”kj ds ckyksa ds eq¡M+ok nsus ls blds eLrd dh dkfUr oSls gh vFkkZr~ eq¡M+kus ds le; ds leku gh
xksjh gSA FkksM+k gh le; chrus ls dU/ks ij diM+s ¼dh xBjh yVdkus½ dk fpà Hkh ugha iM+k gSA blus xs#vk
oL= iguuk Hkh ugha lh[kk gSA “kjhj ds e/; Hkkx dks cgqr vf/kd <dus okyk] diM+s dh yEckbZ ds dkj.k
<hyk&<kyk] diM+s dk Nksj dU/ks ij ugha Bgj jgk gSA5A
fo;ZLreu”ps’VS% f”kyk”kdyo’eZfHk%A
ekalo`{kSfj;a ew[kSZHkkZjkØkUrk olqa/kjkAA6AA
vUo;% & foi;ZLreu”ps’VS%] f”kyk”kdyo’eZfHk%] ekalo`{kS%] ew[kSZ%] b;e~] olqU/kjk] HkkjkØkUrk] ¼orZrs½A
vFkZ & foV & rkTtqc dh ew[kZrk gS & foijhr eu vkSj dke okys] iRFkj dh f”kyk ds VqdM+s ds leku “kjhj
okys] ekal ds isM+ksa tSls ew[kks± ds }kjk ;g i`fFkoh cksf>y gks jgh gSA6A
veh fg o`{kk% Qyiq’i”kksfHkrk%
dBksjfu’iUnyrksiosf’Vrk%A
uìkK;ka jf{ktusu ikfyrk
ujk% lnkjk bo ;kfUr fuo`Zfre~AA7AA
vUo;% & Qyiq’i”kksfHkrk%] dBksjfu’iUnyrksiosf’Vrk%] veh] o`{kk%] uìkK;k] jf{ktusu] ikfyrk%] lnkjk%] ujk%] bo]
fuo`Zfre~] ;kfUrA
vFkZ & foV & fNukj ds iq= ! cxhps dh “kksHkk ns[kks & Qyksa ,oa Qwyksa ls lq”kksfHkr] eksVh] idh rFkk fu”py
yrkvksa ds }kjk Hkyh&Hkk¡fr vkfyafxr ;s o`{k] jktk dh vkKk ls flikfg;ksa ds }kjk j[kokyh fd;s x;s liRuhd
iq#’kksa ds leku] lq[k dks izkIr dj jgs gSaA7A
cgqdq”kqefofpfÙknk v Hkweh
dq”kqeHkys.k fo.kkfenk v #D[kk
nqef”kgyynkvyacek.kk
i.k”kQyk fov ck.kyk yyafrAA8AA
cgqdqlqefofp=rk p Hkwfe% dqlqeHkjs.k foukferk”p o`{kk%A
nzqef”k[kjyrkoyEcekuk% iulQykuho okujk yyfUrAA8AA
vUo;% & Hkwfe%] p] cgqdqlqefofp=rk] ¼vfLr½] o`{kk%] p] dqlqeHkjs.k] foukferk%] ¼lfUr½] nzqef”k[kjyrkoyEcekuk%]
okujk%] iulQykfu] bo] yyfUrA
vFkZ & “kdkj & vki Bhd dg jgs gSaA i`fFkoh vusd jax ds Qwyksa ls jax&fcjaxh gSA o`{k Qwyksa ds cks> ls >qdk;s
x;s gSaA isM+ksa ds Åij dh Vgfu;ksa esa yVds gq, okuj dVgy ds Qy ds leku lq”kksfHkr gks jgs gSaA8A
L=hfHkfoZekfurkuka dkiq#’kk.kka foo/kZrs enu%A
lRiq#’kL; l ,o rq Hkofr e`nquSZo ok HkofrAA9AA
vUo;% & L=hfHk%] foekfurkuke~] dkiq#’kk.kke~] enu%] foo/kZrs] rq] lRiq#’kL;] l%] ,o] e`nq%] Hkofr] ok] u] ,o]
HkofrA
vFkZ & fL=;ksa }kjk frjLd`r uhp iq#’kksa dh dkeokluk vf/kd c<+ tkrh gSA fdUrq lTtu iq#’kksa dh dkeokluk
de gks tkrh gS vFkok gksrh gh ughaA9A
bdkbZ&2 88
.kgeT>xns “kwys nqIisD[ks dqfonok.ky”kfyPNsA

Hkweh n<”karÙkk gniqÙk”knsOo xa/kkyhAA10AA
uHkkse/;xr% lw;ksZ nq%izs{; dqfirokujln`”k%A
Hkwfen`Z<larIrk griq=”krso xkU/kkjhAA10AA
vUo;% & uHkkse/;xr%] lw;Z%] dqfirokujln`”k%] nq%izs{;%] ¼vfLr½] griq=”krk] xkU/kkjh] bo] Hkwfe%] n`<lUrIrk]
¼tkrk½A
vFkZ & vkdk”k ds chpkschp fLFkr lw;Z] Øq) gq, okuj ds ¼eq¡g ds½ leku] eqf”dy ls ns[kk tk ldrk gSA ekjs
x;s Fks lkS iq= ftlds ,slh xkU/kkjh ds leku ;g i`fFkoh cgqr vf/kd lUrIr ¼i`fFkoh ds i{k esa & rih gqbZ]
xkU/kkjh ds i{k esa & nq%[kh½ gSA10A
Nk;klqa izfreqDr”k’idoya funzk;rs xksdqya
r`’.kkr”p fuih;rs oue`xS#’.ka i;% lkjle~A
larkiknfr”kafDrSuZ uxjhekxksZ ujS% lsO;rs
rIrka HkwfeeikL; p izog.ka eU;s DofpRlafLFkre~AA11AA
vUo;% & izfreqDr”k’idoye~] xksdqye~] Nk;klq] funzk;rs] r`’.kkrSZ%] oue`xS%] p] m’.ke~] lkjle~] i;%] fuih;rs]
larkikr~] vfr”kafdrS%] ujS%] uxjhekxZ%] u] lsO;rs] ¼vr%] vga½ eU;s ¼;r~½] rIrke~] Hkwfee~] vikL;] izog.ke~] Dofpr~]
lafLFkre~ ¼vfLr½A
vFkZ & foV & gk¡ ,slh gh ckr gS & xk;ksa dk >q.M dksey ?kklksa dk pjuk NksM+dj Nk;k esa uhan ys jgk gSA
I;kl ls O;kdqy taxyh tkuoj ljksojksa dk xeZ ty ih jgs gSaA xehZ ls vR;Ur Mjs gq, euq’; uxjh dh lM+d
ls ugha py jgs gSaA vr% eSa le>rk gw¡ fd rih gqbZ Hkwfe dks NksM+dj og xkM+h dgha ¼Nk;k esa½ Bgj x;h gSA5A
f”kyf’k ee f.kyh.ks Hkko “kqTt””k ikns
“kmf.k[kxfogaxk yqD[k“kkgk”kq yh.kkA
.kyiqfy”ke.kq””kk m.gnhga “k”kark
?ky”ky.kf.k”k..kk vknoa f.kOogafrAA12AA
f”kjfl ee fuyhuks Hkko ! lw;ZL; ikn%
“kdqfu[kxfogaxk o`{k”kk[kklq yhuk%A
ujiq#’keuq’;k m’.knh?k± “olUrks
x`g”kj.kfu’k’.kk vkria fuoZgfUrAA12AA
vUo;% & gs Hkko ! lw;ZL;] ikn%] ee] f”kjfl] fuyhu%] ¼vfLr½] “kdqfu[kxfogaxk%] o`{k”kk[kklq] yhuk%] ¼lfUr½]
ujiq#’keuq’;k%] m’.knh?kZe~] “olUr%] x`g”kj.kfu’k..kk%] vkrie~] fuoZgfUrA
vFkZ & “kdkj & Jheku~ thA lw;Z dh fdj.k esjs f”kj ij iM+ jgh gSaA i{kh o`{k dh Mkyksa esa fNi x;s gSaA euq’;
xeZ rFkk yEch lk¡lsa ysrs gq, ?kj esa cSBs gq, xehZ dks fcrk jgs gSaA12A
fgaxqTtys thydHkÌeq”rs opkg xaBh “kxqMk v “kqaBhA

,”ks e, “ksfon xa/ktqÙkh d/ka .k gXxs e/kqy””kys fÙkAA13AA
fgaxwToyk thjdHknzeqLrk opk;k xzfUFk% lxqMk p “kq.BhA
,’kk e;k lsfork xU/k;qfDr% dFka ukga e/kqjLoj bfrAA13AA
vUo;% & fgaxwTToyk] thjdHknzeqLrk] opk;k% xzfUFk%] lxqMk] “kq.Bks] p] ,’kk] xU/k;qfDr%] e;k] lsfork] ¼rfgZ½] vge~
dFke~] e/kqjLoj%] u] ¼Hkos;e~½ bfrA
vFkZ & “kdkj & ghax feykus ds dkj.k lQsn thjk lfgr ukxj eksFkk] op dh xk¡B vkSj xqM+ feyk;h gqbZ
lksaB&bl lqxfU/kr ;ksx dk eSaus ¼izfrfnu Loj lq/kkjus ds fy;s½ lsou fd;k gS] rks eSa ehBk Loj okyk D;ksa u
gksÅ¡ \A13A
fgaxqTtys fn..keyhppq..ks oX?kkfyns rsYyf/k,.k fe””ksA
HkqÙks e, ikygqnhvea”ks d/ka .k gXxs e/kqy””kysfÙkAA14AA
fgaxwTToya nÙkejhppw.k± O;k?kkfjra rSy?k`rsu feJe~A
HkqDra e;k ikjHk`rh;ekala dFka ukga e/kqjLoj bfrAA14AA
vUo;% & fgaxwTToye~] nÙkejhppw.kZe~] rSy?k`rsu] feJe~] O;k?kkfjre~] ikjHk`rh;ekale~] e;k] HkqDre~] vge~] dFke~] u]
e/kqjLoj%] ¼Hkos;e~½] bfrA
vFkZ & “kdkj & D;ksa u xU/koZ gksÅ¡ \ eSaus ghax ls okflr] dkyh fepZ ds pw.kZ ls feyk gqvk rFkk rsy ,oa ?kh ls
feyk vkSj c?kkjk gqvk dks;y dk ekal [kk;k gS] rks eSa ehBk Loj okyk D;ksa u gksÅ¡A14A
vourf”kjl% izfr;ke “kh?kza ifFk o`’kHkk bo o’kZrkfMrk{kk%A
ee fg lnfl xkSjofiz;L; dqytun”kZudkrja fg p{kq%AA15AA
vUo;% & ¼rnk½] ifFk] o’kZrkfMrk{kk%] o`’kHkk%] bo] vourf”kjl%] ¼o;e~½] “kh?kze~] iz;ke%] fg] lnfl] xkSjofiz;L;]
ee] p{kq%] dqytun”kZudkÙkje~] fgA
vFkZ & foV & D;k L=h \ ¼rc rks½ jkLrs esa o’kkZ ¼dh /kkjk½ ls rkfM+r vk¡[kksa okys cSyksa ds leku flj uhpk fd;s
gq, ge tYn gh Hkkx pysaA D;ksafd lekt esa cM+kbZ pkgus okys esjh vk¡[k dqyhu fL=;ksa dks ns[kus esa Mjiksd gS
vFkkZr~ leFkZ ugha gSA15A
“kjPpUnzizrhdk”ka iqfyukUrj”kkf;ue~A
galh gala ifjR;T; ok;la leqifLFkrkAA16AA
vUo;% & galh] “kjPpUnzizrhdk”ke~] iqfyukUrj”kkf;ue~] gale~] ifjR;T;] ok;le~] leqifLFkrkA
vFkZ & foV & ¼olUrlsuk ds ns[kdj] nq%[kiwoZd vius vki½ vjs ! dSls gfj.kh ck?k dk ihNk dj jgh gS\ vFkkZr~
olUrlsuk nq’V “kdkj ds ikl dSls vk jgh gS \ vjs ! [ksn gS & galh] “kjn~ _rq ds pUnzek ds leku LoPN
unh ds nwljs rV ij lks;s gq, vFkok unh ds fdukjsokyh Hkwfe esa lks;s gq, gal dks NksM+dj dkSos ds ikl vk
x;h vFkkZr~ gal ds leku pk#nÙk dks NksM+dj ;g olUrlsuk dkSos ds rqY; bl “kdkj ds ikl vk xbZA16A
bdkbZ&2 90
iwo± ekuknoKk; nzO;kFksZ tuuho”kkr~A

v”kkS.Mh;ZLoHkkosu os”kHkkosu eU;rsAA17AA
vUo;% & iwoZe~] ekukr~] voKk;] ¼lEizfr½] tuuho”kkr~] nzO;kFksZ] ¼vkxrk] vfl] vFkok½ v”kkS.Mh;ZLoHkkosu]
os”kHkkosu ¼vkxrk] vfl] bfr½ eU;rsA
vFkZ & ¼ikl esa½ olUrlssus ! ;g mfpr ugha] ;g ;ksX; Hkh ughaaA
igys ?ke.M ds dkj.k nqRdkj dj ekrk ds Hkstus ls ?ku ds fy, & ¼vkbZ gks½
olUrlsuk & ughaA ¼,slk dg dj f”kj fgykrh gSA½A
foV & ¼rc½ LokfHkeku ls jfgr LoHkkookys os”;kiu ds dkj.k ¼vkbZ gks½ ;g le>k tk;A17A
,”ks iMkfe py.ks”kq fo”kky.ksÙks !
g”ratfya n”k.kgs ro “kq)nafr !A
ta ra e, vofdna en.kkrqys.k
ra [kfEenkf”k oyxfÙk ! ro fEg nk”ksAA18AA
,’k ikn;kss% irkfeA ekr%] vfEcds ! J`.kq ee foKfIre~A
,’k irkfe pj.k;ksfoZ”kkyus=s ! gLrkatfya n”ku[ks ro “kq)nfUr !A
;Ùko e;kid`ra enukrqjs.k rR{kkferkfl ojxkf= ! rokfLe nkl%AA18AA
vUo;% & gs fo”kkyus=s ! ,’k%] ¼vge~½] pj.k;ks%] irkfe] gs “kq)nfUr ! ro] ¼pj.k;ks%½] n”ku[ks] gLrkatfye~]
¼djksfe½] gs ojxkf= ! enukrqjs.k] e;k] ;r~] ro] vid`re~] rr~] {kkferk] vfl] ¼vge~½] ro] nkl%] vfLeA
vFkZ & “kdkj & ;g eSa rqEgkjs iSjksa ij fxjrk gw¡A ¼,slk dg dj] olUrlsuk ds ikl tkdj½ ekrk Hkokuh ! esjh
izkFkZuk lquksA
gs cM+h cM+h vk¡[kksaokyh ! ;g eSa iSjksa ij fxjrk gw¡A gs lqUnj nk¡rksa okyh! rqEgkjs iSjksa ds n”k u[kksa esa gkFkksa vatfy
j[krk gw¡A gs lyksus “kjhj okyh ! dkenso ls ihfM+r eSaus rqEgkjk tks cqjk fd;k gS] mldks rqels {kek djkrk gw¡
vFkkZr~ ekQ djus ds fy;s fourh djrk gw¡aA eSa rqEgkjk nkl gw¡A18A
ts pqafcns vafcdeknqdsfga xns .k nsok.k fo ts i.kkea
“ks ikfMns iknys.k eaqMs o.ks f”kvkys.k t/kk eqnaxsAA19AA
;PpqfEcrefEcdkekr`dkfHkxZra u nsokukefi ;Riz.kkee~A
rRikfrra iknrysu eq.Ma ous Ük`xkysu ;Fkk e`rkaxe~AA19AA
vUo;% & ;r~] vfEcdkekr`dkfHk%] pqfEcre~] ;r~] nsokuke~] vfi] iz.kkee~] u] xre~] rr~] eq.Me~] ¼Ro;k½] iknrysu]
¼rFkSo½] ikfrre~] ;Fkk] ous] J`xkysu] e`rkaxe~A
vFkZ & “kdkj & ¼Øks/k ds lkFk½
ftls esjh ekrk ¼vfEcdk½ us pwek gS] tks nsoksa ds lkeus iz.kke djus ds fy;s Hkh ugha >qdk] mlh esjs eLrd dks
rwus iSj ds ryos ls mlh izdkj fxjk fn;k tSls ou esa fl;kj ds }kjk ejk “kjhj ¼dqpyk tkrk gS½A19A
,nsfg ns n”k.kgqIiyeaMysfga
gRFksfg pkMq”knrkM.kyaiMsfgaA
dV~Vkfe ns oyr.kqa f.kvtk.kdknks
ds”ks”kq ckfynbva fo tgk tMkÅAA20AA
,rkH;ka rs n”ku[kksRiye.MykH;ka
gLrkH;ka pkVq”krrkMuyEiVkH;ke~A
d’kkZfe rs ojruqa fut;kudk&
Rds”ks’kq ckfynf;rkfeo ;Fkk tVk;q%AA20AA
vUo;% & n”k[kuksRiye.MykH;ke~] pkVq”krrkMuyEiVkH;ke~] ,rkH;ke~] gLrkH;ke~] ds”ks’kq] ¼x`ghRok½] rs] ojruqe~]
fut;kudkr~] ¼rFkSo½] d’kkZfe] ;Fkk] tVk;q%] ckfynkf;rke~] ¼vd’kZr~½A
vFkZ & “kdkj & n”k u[k :ih dey lewg ls ;qDr ,oa ehBs opuksa ds leku ihVus ds ykyph bu ¼vius½ gkFkksa
ls ds”k idM+ dj rqEgkjs lqUnj “kjhj dks viuh xkM+h ls mlh izdkj [khaprk gw¡] ftl izdkj tVk;q us ckfy dh
L=h rkjk dks ¼[khapk Fkk½A20A
vxzkák ew/kZts’osrk% fL=;ks xq.klefUork%A
u yrk% iYyoPNsnegUR;qiouksn~Hkok%AA21AA
vUo;% & xq.klefUork%] ,rk%] fL=;%] ew/kZts’kq] vxzkák%] miouksn~Hkok%] yrk%] iYyoPNsne~] u vgZfUrA
vFkZ & foV & xq.kksa ls ;qDr bu fL=;ksa ds ds”k ugha idM+us pkfg,A o`{kokfVdk esa iSnk gksus okyh yrk,¡ iÙkk
rksM+us ds ;ksX; ugha gksrh vFkkZr~ mudk iÙkk rksM+uk Bhd ugha gksrkA21A
tfnPN”ks yEcn”kk&fo”kkya
ikokyva “kqÙk”knsfga tqÙke~A
ea”ka p [kknqa] rg rqfV~V dknqa
pqgw pqgw pqDdq pqgw pqgwfÙkAA22AA
;nhPNfl yEcn”kkfo”kkya
izkokjda lw=”krSfgZ ;qDre~A
ekala p [kkfnrqa rFkk rqf’Va
drq± pqgw pqgw pqDdq pqgw pqgw bfrAA22AA
vUo;% & ;fn] lw=”krS%] ;qDre~] yEcn”kkfo”kkye~] izkokjde~] rFkk] pqgw] pqgw pqDdq pqgw pqgw bfr] ¼/ofue~] dqoZu½]
ekale~] [kkfnrqe~] rqf’Ve~] p] drqZe~ bPNflA
vFkZ & ;fn rqe lSadM+ksa lwrksa ls cus gq,] yEch fdukjh okys] fo”kky nqiV~Vs dks eq>ls ¼ysuk½ pkgrs gks vkSj
pqgw&pqgw] pqDdq] pqgw&pqgw bl izdkj ¼dh vkokt ds lkFk pwlrs gq,½ ekal [kkuk vkSj r`fIr pkgrs gksA22A
bdkbZ&2 92
ckyka fL=;a p uxjL; foHkw’k.ka p

os”;keos”kln`”kiz.k;ksipkjke~A
,ukeukxlega ;fn ?kkr;kfe
dsuksMqisu ijyksdunha rfj’;sAA23AA
vUo;% & ;fn] vge~] uxjL;] foHkw’k.ke~] vos”kln`”kiz.k;ksipkjke~] os”;ke~] ckyke~] vukxle~] ,uke~] fL=;e~]
?kkr;kfe] ¼rfgZ½] dsu] mM~isu] ijyksdunhe~] rfj’;s \
vFkZ & foV & ¼dkuksa dks <¡ddj½ ;fn eSa mTtSu uxj dh yyke Hkwr] os”;kvksa ds v;ksX; lPpk izse O;ogkj
djus okyh vFkkZr~ dqyhu L=h dh Hkk¡fr izse O;ogkj djus okyh os”;k] fujijk/k] bl vcyk dks ekjrk gw¡ rks
ijyksd dh unh ¼oSrj.kh½ dks fdl ukSdk ls ikj d:¡xk \A23A
i”;fUr eka n”k fn”kks ounsork”p
pUnz”p nhIrfdj.k”p fnokdjks·;e~A
/kekZfuykS p xxua p rFkkUrjkRek
HkwfeLrFkk lqd`rnq’d`rlkf{kHkwrk%AA24AA
vUo;% & lqd`rn`’d`rlkf{kHkwrk%] n”k] fn”k%] ouosork%] p] pUnz%] p] nhIrfdj.k%] v;e~] fnokdj%] p /kekZfuykSZ] p]
xxue~] p] rFkk] vUrjkRek] rFkk] Hkwfe%] eke~] i”;fUrA
vFkZ & foV & iki&iq.; dh lk{kh n”kksa fn”kk,¡] ou dh nsork,¡] pUnzek vkSj pedrh gqbZ fdj.kksa okyk ;g lw;Z]
/keZ vkSj gok] vkdk”k vkSj vUrjkRek rFkk i`fFkoh & ¼;s lc½ eq>s ns[k jgs gSaA24A
ts.k fEg xCHknk”ks fof.kfEens Hkkv?ksvnks”ksfgaA
vfgava p .k dhf.k””ka rs.k vdTta ifygykfeAA25AA
;sukfLe xHkZnklks fofufeZrks Hkkx/ks;nks’kS%A
vf/kda p u Øhf.k’;kfe rsukdk;± ifjgjkfeAA25AA
vUo;% & ;su] Hkkx/ks;nks’kS%] xHkZnkl%] fofufeZr%] vfLe%] rsu] vf/kde~] u] Øhf.k’;kfe] vdk;Ze~] p] ifjgjkfeA
vFkZ & psV & ekfyd ! ihVsa pkgs ekjsa] fdUrq vuqfpr dke ugha d:¡xkA
D;ksafd iwoZ tUe ds HkkX; ds nks’k ds dkj.k eSa tUe ls gh nkl cuk;k x;k gw¡A blfy;s ¼vuqfpr dke djds
iki½ vf/kd ugha eksy yw¡xkA eSa vuqfpr dke u d:¡xkA25A
izs’;% ij= QyfePNfr ukL; HkÙkkZA
rLekneh dFkfeok| u ;kfUr uk”ka
;s o/kZ;UR;ln`”ka ln`”ka R;tfUrAA26AA
vUo;% & ifjHkwrn”k%] nfjnz%] izs’;%] vfi] ,’k%] ij=] Qye~] uke] bPNfr] ¼fdUrq½] vL;] HkÙkkZ] u] ¼bPNfr½]
rLekr~] ;s] vln`”ke~] o/kZ;fUr] ln`”ke~] R;tfUr] veh] v|] dFkfeo] uk”ke~] u] ;kfUrA
vFkZ & n;uh; gkyr okyk ;g nfjnz nkl LFkkojd ijyksd ds Qy dh bPNk djrk gS] fdUrq bldk Lokeh
¼”kdkj½ ughaA rc tks ¼”kdkj tSls½ yksx vuqfpr dkeksa dh <sj yxkrs gSa vkSj mfpr dke dks NksM+ nsrs gSa] os
vkt gh fouk”k dks D;ksa ugha izkIr gks tkrs \A26A
jU/kzkuqlkjh fo’ke% d`rkUrks
;nL; nkL;a ro ps”ojRoe~A
fJ;a Ronh;ka ;n;a u
HkqaDrs ;nsrnkKka u HkokUdjksfrAA27AA
vUo;% & d`rkUr%] jU/kzkuqlkjh] fo’ke%] ¼vfLr½] ;r~] ¼rsu½] vL;] nkL;e~] ro] p] bZ”ojRe~A ¼d`re~½A ;r~] v;e~]
Ronh;ke~] fJ;e~] u] HkqaDrs] ;r~] Hkoku~] ,rnkKke~] u] djksfrA
vFkZ & vkSj Hkh & nSo nks’k ns[kusokyk ,oa myVk dk;Z djus okyk gS] D;ksafd mlus bl /kkfeZd psV dks nklrk
rFkk rqe v/kehZ “kdkj dks izHkqrk nh gS] ,oa tks ;g psV rqEgkjh /ku&lEifÙk dk miHkksx ugha djrk gSA vkSj vki
blds vkKkdkjh ukSdj ugha gS vFkkZr~ rqEgkjh txg psV dh vkSj psV dh txg rqedks u nsdj fo/kkrk us myVk
dke fd;k gSA27A
“kOodkya e, iq”Vs ea”ks.k v f?k,.k vA
vTt dTts “keqIi..ks tkns es osfy, d/kaAA28AA
loZdkya e;k iq’Vks ekalsu p ?k`rsu pA
v| dk;sZ leqRiUus tkrks es oSjh dFke~AA28AA
vUo;% & loZdkye~] e;k] ekalsu] p] ?k`rsu] p] iq’V%] ¼Roe~½] v|] dk;sZ] leqRiUus] es] oSjh] dFke~] tkr% \
vFkZ & lnk eSaus rq>s ekal vkSj ?kh ls iq’V fd;k gSA vkt dke vk iM+us ij rw esjk “k=q dSls gks x;k gS \A28A
fda dqysuksifn’Vsu] “khyesok= dkj.ke~A
HkofUr lqrjka LQhrk% lq{ks=s d.Vfdnzqek%AA29AA
vUo;% & dqysu] mifn’Vsu] fde~ \ ¼;r%½] v=] “khye~] ,o] dkj.ke~] lq{ks=s] d.Vfdnzqek%] lqrjke~] LQhrk%]
HkofUrA
vFkZ & foV & dqy dk o.kZu ls D;k ykHk \ D;ksafd blesa ¼vuqfpr dke djus esa½ rks LoHkko gh dkj.k gSA vPNs
[ksr esa Hkh dk¡Vsnkj ikS/ks cgqr vf/kd le`) gks tkrs gSa ¼blh rjg vPNs dqy esa Hkh cqjs vkpj.k okys O;fDr iSnk
gks tkrs gSa½A29A
vLeRle{ka fg olUrlsuk
“kkS.Mh;ZHkkokUu Hktsr~ ew[kZe~A
rLekRdjksH;s’k fofoDreL;
fofoDrfoJEHkjlks fg dke%AA30AA
vUo;% & olUrlsuk] “kkS.Mh;ZHkkokr~] vLeRle{ke~] ew[kZe~] u] Hktsr%] rLekr~] ,’k%] ¼vge~½] vL;k%] fofoDre~]
djksfe%] fg] dke%] fofDrfoJEHkjl%] ¼Hkofr½A
bdkbZ&2 94
vFkZ & foV & ¼vius vki½ olUrlsuk xohZysiu dh vknr ds dkj.k gekjs lkeus bl ew[kZ dks “kk;n vaxhdkj u
djsA vr% eSa olUrlsuk ds fy, ,dkUr dj nsrk gw¡] D;ksafd dke futZu ,oa fo”oLr LFkku esa vkuUnnk;d gksrk
gSA30A
“kqo..kva nsfe fiva onsfe iMsfe f”k”ks.k “kos”V.ks.kA
r/kk fo ea .ksPNf”k “kq)nafr ! fda “ksova d”Vevk e.kq””kkAA31AA
lqo.kZda nnkfe fiz;a onkfe irkfe “kh’ksZ.k los’VusuA
rFkkfi eka usPNfl “kq)nfUr ! fda lsoda d’Ve;k euq’;k%AA31AA
vUo;% & ¼vge~] rqH;e~½] lqo.kZde~] nnkfe] fiz;e~] onkfe] los’Vusu] “kh’ksZ.k] irkfe] rFkkfi] gs “kq)nfUr ! eke~]
lsode~] fde~] u] bPNfl \ ¼lR;e~½ euq’;k%] d’Ve;k%] ¼HkofUr½A
vFkZ & “kdkj & eSa rqEgsa lksuk nsrk gw¡A ehBh ckr dgrk gw¡A ixM+h c/ks gq, f”kj ls ¼rqEgkjs iSjksa ij½ fxjrk gw¡A
rks Hkh gs pedhys nk¡rksa okyh ! eq> lsod dks D;ksa ugha pkgrh gks \ ¼lp gS½ euq’; cM+s funZ; gksrs gSaA31A
[kypfjr fud`’V ! tkrnks’k%
dFkfeg eka ifjyksHk;ls /kusu \A
lqpfjrpfjra fo”kq)nsga
u fg deya e/kqik% ifjR;tfUrAA32AA
vUo;% & gs [kypfjr ! fud`’V ! ¼Roe~½] tkrnks’k%] ¼lu~½] bg] eke~] /kusu] dFke~] ifjyksHk;ls \ e/kqik%]
lqpfjrpfjre~] fo”kq)nsge~] deye~] fg] u] ifjR;tfUrA
vFkZ & olUrlsuk & blesa D;k lUnsg gS \ ¼uhps dh vksj eq¡g fd;s gq, ^[kypfjr* vkfn nks “yksd i<+rh gS½
gs nq’V pfjrokys v/ke~ ! rqe vusdksa nks’kksa dh [kku gksdj ;gk¡ eq>s /ku ls D;k yqHkk jgs gks \ HkkSajs lqUnj LoHkko
,oa fueZy vkdkj okys dey dks ugha NksM+rs gSaA vFkkZr~ eSa rqEgkjs /ku ds ykyp ls dey dh rjg ifo= ,oa
xq.kh pk#nÙk dks ugha NksM+ ldrhA32A
;Rusu lsforO;% iq#’k% dqy”khyoku~ nfjnzks·fiA
“kksHkk fg i.kL=h.kka ln`”ktulekJ;% dke%AA33AA
vUo;% & dqy”khyoku~] iq#’k%] nfjnz%] vfi] ;Rusu] lsforO;%] fg] ln`”ktulekJ;%] dke%] i.kL=h.kke~] “kksHkk
¼vfLr½A
vFkZ & ;fn lqUnj dqy ,oa LoHkkookyk iq#’k fu/kZu gks rks gh ;Ruiw.kZd mldh lsok djuh pkfg;s vFkkZr~ mlds
lkFk fogkj djuk pkfg;sA D;ksafd vius ;ksX; vkneh ds lkFk fd;k x;k izse O;ogkj os”;kvksa dh “kksHkk gSA33A
fda “ks “kDds okfyiqÙks efgans yaHkkiqÙks dky.kseh “kqca/kwA
yqÌs ykvk nks.kiqÙks tMkÅ pk.kDds ok /kqa/kqekys fr”kadwAA34AA
fda l “kØks ckfyiq=ks egsUnzks jEHkkiq=% dkyusfe% lqcU/kq%A
#nzks jktk nzks.kiq=ks tVk;q”pk.kD;ks ok /kqU/kqekjfL=”kadq%AA34AA
vUo;% & l%] fde~] “kØ%] ckfyiq=%] egsUnz% \ jEHkkiq=%] dkyusfe%] lqcU/kq% \ jktk] #nz% \ nzks.kiq=%] tVk;q% \
pk.kD;% \ /kqU/kqekj%] ok] f=”kadq%] ¼vfLr½ \
vFkZ & “kdkj & og ¼pk#nÙk½ D;k bUnz gS \ cfy dk iq= egsUnz gS \ ;k jEHkk dk iq= dkyusfe vFkok lqcU/kq
gS\ og jktk #nz gS vFkok nzks.k dk iq= tVk;q gS \ vFkok pk.kD; gS] /kqU/kqekj vFkok f=”kadq gS \A34A
pk.kDds.k t/kk “khnk ekfunk Hkkyns tq,A
,Ooa ns eksMb”;kfe tMkÅ fov nksOofnaAA35AA
pk.kD;su ;Fkk lhrk ekfjrk Hkkjrs ;qxsA
,ra Roka eksVf;’;kfe tVk;qfjo nzksinhe~AA35AA
vUo;% & ;Fkk] Hkkjrs] ;qxs] pk.kD;su] lhrk] ekfjrk] tVk;q%] nzkSinhe~ bo] ,oe~] Roke~] eksVf;’;kfeA
vFkZ & vFkok ;s Hkh rqEgkjh j{kk ugha djrsA tSls Hkkjr ds ;qx esa pk.kD; us lhrk dks ekjk Fkk rFkk tVk;q us
nzksinh dks ¼lekIr dj fn;k Fkk½ mlh izdkj eSa rq>s ek:¡xkA35A
,na nks”kdyafMva vfo.kv””kkoklHkwna [kya
yÙka r””k fdykxn””k ye.ks dkykxna vkvnaA
fda ,”ks “keqnkgykfe f.kvva ckgw.k “kwyÙk.ka
.kh”kk”ks fo eysb vac “kqeyk “khnk t/kk HkkynsAA36AA
,rka nks’kdjf.Mdkefou;L;koklHkwrka [kyka
jDrka rL; fdykxrL; je.ks dkykxrkekxrke~A
fdes’k leqnkgjkfe futda ckg~.kks% “kwjRoa
fu%”oklkfi fez;rs·Eck lqe`rk lhrk ;Fkk HkkjrsAA36AA
vUo;% & nks’kdjf.Mdke~] vfou;L;] vkoklHkwrke~] [kyke~] jDrke~] vkxrL;] rL;] je.ks] vkxrke~] fdy]
dkykxrke~] ,rke~] ¼gRok½] ,’k%] ¼vge~½] futde~] ckg~.kks%] “kwjRoe~] fde~] mnkgjkfe \ fu%”oklk] vfi] vEck]
¼rFkSo½] fez;rs] ;Fkk] Hkkjrs] lhrk] lqe`rkA
vFkZ & “kdkj & ¼izlUurk ds lkFk½ nks’kksa dks fiVkjh] mÌ.Mrk dk ?kj] nq’V] ¼pk#nÙk½ ls izse djus okyh] ;gk¡
vk;s gq, ml ¼pk#nÙk½ ls je.k ds fy, fu”p; gh e`R;q ds }kjk yk;h x;h bl olUrlsuk dks ¼ekj dj½ ;g eSa
Hkqtkvksa ds vius ijkØe dk D;k o.kZu d:¡ \ “okl ds u jgus ij Hkh ;g ekrk olUrlsuk mlh izdkj ej jgh
gS ftl izdkj egkHkkjr ds ;qx esa lhrk Hkyh&Hkk¡fr ej x;h FkhA36A
bPNara ee .ksPNfr fr xf.kvk yks”ks.k es ekfynk
“kq..ks iqIQdyaMds fÙk “kg”kk ik”ks.k mÙkkf”knkA
“ksokoafpnHkknqds ee fink eknso “kk nksIinh
ts “ks isD[kfn .ksfn”ka oof”kna iqÙkkg “kwyÙk.kaAA37AA
bPNUra eka usPNrhfr xf.kdk jks’ks.k e;k ekfjrk
bdkbZ&2 96
“kwU;s iq’idj.Md bfr lglk ik”ksuksR=kflrkA

l ok oafprks Hkzkrk ee firk ekrso lk nzkSinh
;ks·lkS i”;fr usn`”ka O;oflra iq=L; “kwjRoe~AA37AA
vUo;% & bPNUre~] eke~] xf.kdk] u] bPNfr] bfr] jks’ks.k] e;k] “kwU;s] iq’idj.Mds] lglk] ik”ksu] mR=kflrk]
ekfjrk] p] l%] ee] Hkzkrk] ok] firk] oafpr%] nzkSinh] bo] lk] ekrk] p ¼oafprk½] ;%] vlkS] iq=L;] bZn`”ke~] “kwjRoe~]
O;oflre~] p] u] i”;frA
vFkZ & ^pkgusokys eq>dks ;g os”;k ugha pkgrh gSA* blh Øks/k ls eSaus bl futZu iq’idj.Md uked cxhps esa
ckgq:ih ik”k ls xyk ?kksaVdj mldks ekj MkykA og esjk HkkbZ] esjk firk ,oa nzkSinh ds leku esjh ekrk oafpr
jg x;h] ftlus vius iq= ds bl izdkj ohjrkiw.kZ dk;Z dks ugha ns[kkA37A
nkf{k.;ksndokfguh foxfyrk ;krk Lons”ka jfr&
gkZ gkyad`rHkw’k.ks lqonus ØhMkjlksn~Hkkflfu!A
gk lkStU;ufn izgkliqfyus gk ekn`”kkekJ;s !
gk gk u”;fr eUeFkL; foif.k% lkSHkkX;i.;kdj%AA38AA
vUo;% & nkf{k.;ksndokfguh] foxfyrk] jfr%] Lons”ke~] ;krk%] gk ! gk ! vyad`r& Hkw’k.ks! gk izgkliqfyus !
lkStU;ufn ! gk ! ekn`”kke~] vkJ;s ! gk ! gk ! eUeFkL;] lkSHkkX;i.;kdj%] u”;frA
vFkZ & foV & ¼/khjt /kkj.k djds d#.kk iwoZ½ gk; olUrlsuk ! mnkjrk :ih ty dh unh u’V gks x;h]
dkenso dh L=h jfr vius ns”k ¼LoxZ½ dks pyh x;hA gk ! vkHkw’k.kksa dks lq”kksfHkr djus okyh ! lqUnj eq¡gokyh !
dke ØhM+k ds vkuUn dks izdkf”kr djus okyh ! gk ! gkl&ifjgkl :ih ckyqdke; fdukjksa okyh fdukjksa okyh
! lqturk dh unh ! gk ! ge tSls yksxksa dks vkJ; nsus okyh ! gk;! dkenso dh cktkj] lqUnjrk :ih csph
tkus okyh phtksa dh fuf/k u’V gks x;hA38A
fda uq uke HkosRdk;Zfena ;su Ro;k d`re~A
vikik ikidYisu uxjJhfuZikfrrkAA39AA
vUo;% & fde~] uq] uke] dk;Ze~] Hkosr~] ;su] Ro;k] bne~] d`re~] ikidYisu] ¼Ro;k½] vikik] uxjJh%] fuikfrrkA
vFkZ & ¼vk¡[kksa esa vk¡lw Hkj dj½ vjs ! d’V gS d’VA dkSu lk dke iwjk gksxk \ ftlds dkj.k rwus ;g L=ho/k
fd;k gSA iki ds leku rwus ikijfgr] uxj dh y{eh dks ekj fn;k gSA39A
vRFka “kna nsfe “kqo..kva ns dgko.ka nsfe “koksfMva ns
,”ks nq”kÌk.k QyDdes es “kkek..k, Hkksnq e.kq””kvk.kaAA40AA
vUo;% & ¼vge~½ rs] “kre~] lqo.kZde~] vFkZe~] nnkfe] rs] loksfMde~] dk’kkZ.kie~] nnkfe] nks’kLFkkue~] es] ,’k%]
ijkØe%] euq’;k.kke~] lkekU;d%] HkorqA
vFkZ & “kdkj & eSa rqEgsa lkS lksus dh eksgjksa dh /kujkf”k nw¡xkA eSa rqEgsa chl dkSfM+vksa ds lkFk ,d dk’kkZi.k nw¡xkA
vijk/k dk dkj.k esjk ;g ijkØe ¼olUrlsuk dk o/k½ euq’;ksa dk lk/kkj.k dk;Z gks tk;s ¼vFkkZr~ ;g nks’k fdlh
vkSj lk/kkj.k euq’; ij yxk nks½A40A
vizhfrHkZorq foeqP;rka fg gklks

f/kDizhfra ifjHkodkfjdkeuk;kZe~A
ek HkwPp Rof; ee laxra dnkfp&
nkfPNUua /kuqfjo fuxqZ.ka R;tkfeAA41AA
vUo;% & gkl%] foeqP;rke~] vizhfr%] Hkorq] fg] ifjHkodkfjdke~] vuk;kZe~] izhfre~] f/kd~] Rof;] ee] laxre~]
dnkfpr~] ek Hkwr~] p] vkfPNUue~] fuxqZ.ke~] /kuq%] bo] ¼Roke~½ R;tkfeA
vFkZ & foV & g¡lh NksM+kAs esjk vkSj rqEgkjk izse u gksA vuknj djkus okyh fuUnuh; bl fe=rk dks f/kDdkj gSA
esjk ,oa rqEgkjk lkFk fQj dHkh Hkh u gksA VwVs gq, rFkk izR;apk jfgr /kuq’k dh Hkk¡fr vPNs xq.kksa ls ghu rqEgsa
NksM+ jgk gw¡A41A
vfirrefi rkoRlsoekua HkoUra
ifrrfeo tuks·;a eU;rs ekeuk;Ze~A
dFkegeuq;k;ka Roka grL=hdesua
iqujfr uxjL=h”kafdrk)kZf{kn`’Ve~AA42AA
vUo;% & HkoUre~] lsoekue~] vifrre~] vfi] eke~] v;e~] tu%] ifrre~] bo] eU;rs%] ¼fdUrq] lEizfr½ grL=hde~]
¼vr%½] uxjL=h”kafdrk}kZf{kn`’Ve~] ,ue~] Roke~] iqujfr] dFke~] vuq;k;ke~A
vFkZ & foV & ¼olUrlsuk dks ekjus ds igys Hkh½ vkidh lsok djrs gq, iki&jfgr Hkh eq>dks yksx nqtZu ,oa
ikih tSlk le>rs gSaA ¼ijUrq vc½ L=h dks ekjus okys vr% uxj dh fL=;ksa ds }kjk “kadkiwoZd v/k[kqyh vk¡[kksa ls
ns[ks x;s rqEgkjk lkFk fQj Hkh eSa dSls ns ldrk gw¡A42A
vU;L;kefi tkrks ek os”;k HkwLRoa fg lqUnfj !A
pkfj«;xq.klaiUus tk;sFkk foeys dqysAA43AA
vUo;% & gs lqUnfj ! Roe~] vU;L;ke~] tkrkS] vfi] os”;k] ek Hkw%A gs pkfj«;xq.k& lEiUus ! ¼Roe~½ foeys] dqys]
tk;sFkk%A
vFkZ & gs lqUnjh ! rqe nwljs tUe esa Hkh os”;k u gksvksA pfj=xq.k ls ;qDr olUrlsuk ! rqe fdlh ifo=
[kku&nku esa iSnk gksvks vFkok rqe fdlh pfj=xq.k ls lEiUu ifo= dqy esa tUe yksA43A
pkyqnÙkfo.kk”kk; dysfe doMa .koaA
.kvyh, fo”kq)k, i”kq?kkna Oo nkyq.kaAA44AA
pk#nÙkfouk”kk; djksfe diVa uoe~A
ux;k± fo”kq)k;ka i”kq?kkrfeo nk#.ke~AA44AA
vUo;% & ¼vL;ke~] fo”kq)k;ke~] ux;kZe~] nk#.ke~] i”kq?kkre~] bo] pk#nÙkfouk”kk;] uoe~] diVe~] djksfe½A
vFkZ & bl ifo= uxjh esa Hk;adj i”kqo/k ds leku pk#nÙk ds fouk”k ds fy;s eSa ,d u;k diV djrk gw¡A44A
bdkbZ&2 98
,”ks fEg rqfynrqfyns yadk.kvyh, xv.ks xPNarsA

Hkwfe, ikvkys g.kwef”kgys fov egsansAA45AA
,’kks·fLe RofjrRofjrks yadkux;k± xxus xPNu~A
HkwE;ka ikrkys guwefPN[kj bo egsUnz%AA45AA
vUo;% & ,’k%] ¼vge~½] vkdk”ks] HkwE;ke~] ikrkys] guqefPN[kjs] yadkux;kZe~] xPNu~] egsUnz%] bo] RofjrRofjr%]
¼xPNkfe½A
vFkZ & ;g eSa ¼”kdkj½ vkdk”k Hkwfe] ikrky] ,oa guqeku dh pksVh ¼oLrqr% egsUnz ioZr dh pksVh½ ,oa yadk esa
¼dks½ tkrs gq, egsUnz ¼oLrqr% guqeku~½ dh Hkk¡fr cM+h “kh?kzrk ls tk jgk gw¡A45A
oknknos.k rÙkk phoyrks,.k frfEHknk iÙkkA
,ns fofFk..kiÙk e..ks iÙkk fov QqyafrAA46AA
vUo;% & okrkrisu] rIrkfu] ,rkfu] i=kf.k] phojrks;su] fLrferkfu] ¼lfUr½] foLrh.kZi=kf.k] if{k.k ¼i=kf.k½ bo]
LQqjfUr] ¼bfr] vge~½] eU;sA
vFkZ & gok lfgr ?kke ls ris gq;s ;s iÙks diM+s ds ty ls dqN xhyk ¼vknzZ½ gksdj ekuksa QSys gq, ia[kokys
if{k;ksa ds leku fgy jgs gSaA46A
gRFk”katnks eqg”katnks bafM;”katnks “ks [kq ek.kq”ksA
fda dysfn ykvmys r””k iyyksvks gRFks f.kPpysAA47AA
gLrla;rks eq[kla;r bfUnz;la;r% l [kyq euq’;%A
fda djksfr jktdqya rL; ijyksdks gLrs fu”py%AA47AA
vUo;% & l] [kyq] euq’;%] ¼;%½] gLrla;r%] eq[kla;r%] bfUnz;la;r%] ¼vfLr½] jktdqye~] rL; fde~] djksfr]
ijyksd%] ¼rL;½ gLrs] fu”py%A
vFkZ & ogh oLrqr% euq’; gS ftldk gkFk eq¡g rFkk bfUnz;k¡ Hkyh&Hkk¡fr o”k esa jgrh gSaA jkt dqy mldk D;k
dj ldrk gS \ ijyksd ¼LoxZ vkfn½ mlds gkFk esa fuf”pr gS vFkkZr~ ejus ij og vo”; gh vPNs yksdksa dks
tkrk gSA47A
uoeks·ad
.kgknsga “kfyytysfga ikf.k,fga
mTtk.ks moo.kdk.k.ks f.k”k..ksA
.kkyhfga “kg tqonhfga bf”rvkfga
xa/kOosfga “kqfofgn,fga vaxdsfgaAA1AA
Lukrks·ga lfyytyS% ikuh;S#|ku mioudkuus fu’k..k%A
ukjhfHk% lg ;qorhfHk% L=hfHkxZU/koZ bo lqfgrSjaxdS%AA1AA
vUo;% & vge~] lfyytyS%] ikuh;S%] Lukr%] ukjhfHk%] ;qorhfHk%] lg] m|kus] miou& dkuus] fu’k..k%] lqfgrS%]
vaxdS%] xU/koZ] bo] ¼izrhr%] Hkokfe½A
vFkZ & “kdkj & eSa ikuh ls ugk;k gw¡A ;qorh fL=;ksa ds lkFk Qwy ds miou esa cSBk gqvk lts gq, vaxksa ls eSa
xU/koZ tSlk yxrk gw¡A1A
[k.ks.k xaBh [k.ktwyds es [k.ks.k ckyk [k.kdqarys okA
[k.ks.k eqDds [k.k m)pwMs fpÙks fofpÙks gxs vky”kkysAA2AA
{k.ksu xzfUFk% {k.ktwfydk es {k.ksu ckyk% {k.kdqUryk ok
{k.ksu eqDrk% {k.kew/oZpwMkf”p=ks fofp=ks·ga jkt”;ky%AA2AA
vUo;% & es ¼ds”ks’kq½] {k.ksu] xzfUFk%] {k.ktwfydk] ¼Hkofr½] {k.ksu] ¼rs½ ckyk%] ok] {k.kdqUryk%] {k.ksu] eqDrk%] {k.ke~]
Å/oZpwMk% ¼HkofUr½] ¼lR;e~½ vge~] fp=%] fofp=%] jkt”;ky%] ¼vfLe½A
vFkZ & esjs f”kj ds ckyksa esa ,d {k.k esa xk¡B yxrh gS rks nwljs {k.k esa twM+k c¡/krh gSA {k.k Hkj esa os ekewyh cky
cu tkrs gSa rks nwljs {k.k esa ?kq¡?kjkys cky gks tkrs gSaA iqu% {k.kHkj esa gh os fc[ksj fn;s tkrs gSa rks {k.kHkj esa gh
Åij dh vksj twM+k cu tkrs gSaA ¼lpeqp½ eSa cM+k gh fp=&fofp= jktk dk lkyk gw¡A2A
NUua dk;Zeqif{kifUr iq#’kk U;k;su nwjhd`ra
LokUnks’kku~ dFk;fUr ukf/kdj.ks jkxkfHkHkwrk% Lo;e~A
rS% i{kkiji{kof/kZrcysnksZ’kSu`Zi% Li`”;rs
la{ksikniokn ,o lqyHkks nz’VqxqZ.kks nwjr%AA3AA
vUo;% & iq#’kk%] U;k;su] nwjhd`re~] dk;Ze~] NUue~] ¼d`Rok½] mif{kifUr] jkxkfHkHkwrk%] ¼rs½] vf/kdj.ks] Lo;e~] Loku~]
nks’kku~] u] dFk;fUr] ¼vr%½] i{kkiji{kof/kZrcyS%] rS%] nks’kS%] uì%] Li`”;rs] la{ksikr~] nz’Vq%] viokn%] ,o] lqyHk%] xq.k%]
¼rq½] nwjr%] ¼,o½A
vFkZ & euq’; ¼oknh rFkk izfroknh½ U;kl ls jfgr vFkkZr~ vuqfpr dke dks fNik djds ¼QSlyk ds fy;s½
mifLFkr djrs gSaA ¼vius iz;kstu dks fl) djus dks½ vkflDr vFkok Øks/k ds o”khHkwr os yksx U;k;ky; esa Lo;a
vius nks’kksa dks ugha crykrs gSaA blfy, oknh vkSj izfroknh nksuksa i{kksa ls c<+k;s x;s cyokys mu nks’kksa ls jktk
nwf’kr gksrk gS ¼vFkkZr~ nksuksa i{k tc ckr dks fNik dj is”k djrs gSa rc jktk Hkh Bhd&Bhd fu.kZ; ugha dj
ikrk vr% og Hkh nks’kh Bgjrk gS½A la{ksi esa U;k;k/kh”k dks vi;”k feyuk gh vklku gS] ;”k dk feyuk rks nwj
jgkA3A
NUua nks’keqnkgjfUr dqfirk U;k;su nwjhd`rk%
LokUnks’kku~ dFk;fUr ukf/kdj.ks lUrks·fi u’Vk /kzqoe~A
;s i{kkiji{knks’klfgrk% ikikfu ladqoZrs
la{ksikniokn ,o lqyHkks nz’Vqxq.kks nwjr%AA4AA
vUo;% & dqfirk%] ¼vr%½] U;k;su] nwjhd`rk%] ¼;s iq#’kk%½] vf/kdj.ks] NUue~] nks’ke~] mnkgjfUr] ¼rFkk½] Loku~] nks’kku~]
u] dFk;fUr] ¼,fHk%] lg] rs½] lUr%] vfi] /kzqoe~] u’Vk%] ¼HkofUr½] ;s i{kkiji{knks’klfgrk%] ikikfu] ladqoZrs] la{ksikr~]
nz’Vq%] viokn%] ,o] lqyHk%] xq.k%] ¼rq½] nwjr%] ,oA
vFkZ & vkSj Hkh & dqfir vr,o U;k; ls ghu ¼tks iq#’k½ U;k;ky; esa fNik djds ¼nwljksa ds½ nks’k mifLFkr djrs
bdkbZ&2 100
gSa] rFkk U;k;ky; esa viuh xyfr;ksa dks ugha dgrs gSa] ¼,sls yksxksa ds lkFk½ os lTtu O;fDr Hkh fu”p; gh u’V
gks tkrs gSa] tks oknh ,oa izfroknh ds nks’k esa Hkkxhnkj gksdj iki djrs gSaA la{ksi esa U;k;k/kh”k dks vi;”k feyuk
gh vklku gS] ;”k rks nwj jgkA4A
“kkL=K% diVkuqlkjdq”krh oDrk u p Øks/ku&
LrqY;ks fe=ijLods’kq pfjra n`’V~oS nÙkksÙkj%A
DyhckUikyf;rk “kBkUO;Fkf;rk /kE;ksZ u yksHkkfUorks
}kHkkZos ijrÙoc)ân;ks jkK”p dksikig%AA5AA
vUo;% & ¼vf/kdjf.kd%½] “kkL=K%] diVkuqlkjdq”kyh] oDrk] u p Øks/ku%] fe=ijLo &ds’kq] rqY;%] pfjre~]
n`’V~ok] ,o] nÙkksÙkj%] Dyhcku~] ikyf;rk] “kBku] O;Fkfirk] /kE;Z%] u] yksHkkfUor%] }kHkkZos] ijrÙoc)ân;%] p] jkK%]
dksikig%] ¼Hkosr~½A
vFkZ & D;ksafd U;k;k/kh”k rks “kkL=ksa dks tkuus okyk] ¼euq’;ksa dks½ diV dks idM+us esa prqj] oDrk] Øks/k u djus
okyk] fe=] “k=q ,oa vius yksxksa esa leku Hkko j[kus okyk] ¼oknh izfroknh ds½ O;ogkj dks ns[kdj gh mÙkj nsus
okyk] nqcZyksa dk j{kdk] /kwrks± dks n.M nsus okyk] /kkfeZd] fuyksZHkh] mik; jgrs iwjh lgh ckr dks [kkst fudkyus
esa nÙkfpÙk ,oa jktk ds dksi dks u’V djus okyk gksuk pkfg,A5A
ykv”k”kqys ee fink ykvkA rkan””k gksb tkeknkA
ykvf”k vkys gXxs eekfo cfg.khonh ykvkAA6AA
jkt”o”kqjks ee firk jktk rkrL; Hkofr tkekrkA
jkt”;kyks·ga eekfi Hkfxuhirh jktkAA6AA
vUo;% & ee] firk] jkt”olqj%] jktk] rkrL;] tekrk] Hkofr] vge~] jkt”;ky%] jktk] vfi] ee] Hkfxuhifr%]
¼vfLr½A
vFkZ & esjs firk jktk ds llqj gSaA jktk gekjs firk th ds nkekn gksrs gSaA eSa jktk dk lkyk gw¡A jktk Hkh esjh
cgu dk ifr gSA6A
fda dqysuksifn’Vsu “khyesok= dkj.ke~A
HkofUr furjka LQhrk% lq{ks=s d.Vfdnzqek%AA7AA
vUo;% & dqysu] mifn’Vsu] fde~ \ “khye~] ,o] v=] dkj.ke~] lq{ks=s] d.Vfdnzqek%] furjke~] LQhrk%] HkofUrA
vFkZ & vkf/kdjf.kd & lc dqN ekywe gS] [kku&nku ds dgus ls D;k ¼Qk;nk½ \ ¼D;ksafd euq’; dk½ pfj= gh
;gk¡ U;k;ky; esa ¼fu.kZ; dk½ dkj.k gksrk gSA lqUnj mitkÅ [ksr esa dk¡Vsnkj o`{k cgqr vf/kd c<+rs gSaA7A
ifjKkrL; es jkKk “khysu p dqysu pA
;RlR;fenekg~.kkueoLFkkefHk”kadrsAA8AA
vUo;% & jkKk] “khysu] p] dqysu] p] ifjKkrL;] es] ;r~] bne~] vkg~okue~] ¼vfLr] rr~½ lR;e~] voLFkke~]
vfHk”kadrsA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼lkspdj½ jktk ds }kjk LoHkko ,oa dqy ls Hkyh&Hkk¡fr tkus x;s esjk tks ;g cqykok gS og
lpeqp nfjnzrk ds dkj.k “kadk iSnk dj jgk gSA ¼D;ksafd nks’k xjhcksa ij gh e<+s tkrs gSa½A8A
Kkrks uq fda l [kyq cU/kufoiz;qDrks
ekxkZxr% izog.ksu e;kiuhr%A
pkjs{.kL; uìrs% Jqfrekxrks ok
;sukgesoefHk;qDr bo iz;kfeAA9AA
vUo;% & cU/kufoiz;qDrk%] ekxkZxr%] l%] e;k] izog.ksu] viuhr%] ¼v;e~] fo’k;%½] fde~] uq] [kyq] pkjs{k.kL;] uìrs%]
Kkr%] ok] Jqfre~] vkxr%] ;su] vge~] vfHk;qDr%] bo] ,oe~] iz;kfeA
vFkZ & dkjkxkj ls NwVk gqvk vk;Zd jkLrs esa esjs ikl vk;k vkSj eSaus viuh xkM+h ls mls nwljh txg igq¡pk
fn;k & D;k ;g ckr nwr :ih vk¡[kksa okys jktk dks ekywe gks x;h vFkok mUgksaus lqu fy;kA ftlls fd eSa
vijk/kh ds leku bl izdkj ¼U;k;ky; esa½ tk jgk gw¡A9A
:{kLoja ok”kfr ok;lks·;&
eekR;Hk`R;k eqgqjkg~.k;fUrA
lO;a p us=a LQqjfr izlá
eekfufeÙkfu fg [ksn;fUrAA10AA
vUo;% & v;e~] ok;l%] :{kLoje~] ok”kfr] vekR;Hk`R;k%] eqgq%] vkg~.k;fUr] p] lO;e~] us=e~] p] LQqjfr]
vfufeÙkkfu] fg] izlá] ee] [ksn;fUrA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼”kadk ds lkFk½ rc ;g vkSj D;k \ ;g dkSvk :[kh cksyh esa fpYyk jgk gS] efU=;ksa ds lsod
ckj&ckj cqyk jgs gSa rFkk esjh ck;ha vk¡[k QM+d jgh gS vkSj ;s vi”kdqu tcnZLrh eq>s mnkl cuk jgs gSaA10A
“kq’do`{kfLFkrks /oka{k vkfnR;kfHkeq[kLrFkkA
ef; pksn;rs okea p{kq?kksZjela”k;e~AA11AA
vUo;% & “kq’do`{kfLFkr%] rFkk] vkfnR;kfHkeq[k%] /oka{k%] ef;] okee~] p{kq%] pksn;rs] vla”k;e~] ?kksje~] ¼orZrs½A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼?kwe dj rFkk vkxs ns[k dj½ lw[ks o`{k ij lw;Z dh vksj eq¡g djds cSBk gqvk ;g dkSok esjs
Åij viuh ck;ha vk¡[k Mky jgk gSA fu”p; gh dksbZ Hk;adj foifÙk gSA11A
ef; fofufgrn`f’VfHkZUuuhykatukHk%
LQqfjrforrftg~.k% “kqDyna’Vªkprq’d%A
vfHkirfr] ljks’kks ftfãrk/ekrdqf{k&
HkqZtxifrj;a es ekxZekØE; lqIr%AA12AA
vUo;% & fHkUuuhykatukHk%] LQqfjrforrftg~.k%] “kqDyna’Vªkprq’d%] es] ekxZe~] vkØE;] lqIr%] v;e~] Hkqtxifr%]
ljks’k%] ftfãrk/ekrdqf{k%] ¼rFkk½] ef;] fofufgrn`f’V%] ¼lu~½] vfHkirfrA
vFkZ & ¼fQj nwljh vksj ns[k dj½ vjs ! D;k ;g lk¡i \
[kwc QsaVs x;s dkys vk¡tu ds leku jax okyk] fudyh gqbZ thHk dks yiyikrk gqvk] lQsn&lQsn pkj nk¡rksa
bdkbZ&2 102
okyk] esjs jkLrs esa QSy dj iM+k gqvk ;g cgqr cM+k lk¡i Øks/kiwoZd gok ls Qwys gq, isV dks Vs<+k djrk gqvk
eq> ij vk¡[k yxk;s esjh vksj >iV jgk gSA12A
L[kyfr pj.ka HkwekS U;Lra u pknzZrek egh
LQqjfr u;ua okeks ckgqeqZgq”p fodEirsA
“kdqfujij”pk;a rkof}jkSfr fg uSd”k%
dFk;fr egk?kksja e`R;qa u pk= fopkj.kkAA13AA
vUo;% & HkwekS] U;Lre~] pj.ke~] L[kyfr] egh] p] vknzZrek] u] ¼orZrs½] LQqjfr] oke%] ckgq%] p] eqgq%] fodEirs]
v;e~] vij%] “kdqfu%] p] rkor~] uSd”k%] fojkSfr] ¼,rr~] loZe~½] egk?kksje~] e`R;qe~] dFk;fr] v=] p] fopkj.kk] u]
¼vfLr½A
vFkZ & vkSj Hkh] ;g & tehu ij j[kk gqvk iSj fQly jgk gS & fdUrq Hkwfe Hkh xhyh ugha gSA ¼ck;ha½ vk¡[k
QM+d jgh gS rFkk ck¡;k ckgq ckj&ckj dk¡i jgk gSA vkSj ;g nwljk i{kh Hkh ckjEckj fpYyk jgk gSA ;s lc
Hk;adj e`R;q dh lwpuk ns jgs gSaA blesa dqN Hkh lUnsg ugha gSA13A
fpUrklDrfueXuefU=lfyya nwrksfeZ”ka[kkdqya
i;ZUrfLFkrpkjØedja ukxk”ofgalzkJ;e~A
ukukok”kddadif{kjfpra dk;LFklikZLina
uhfr{kq..krVa p jktdj.ka fgalzS% leqnzk;rsAA14AA
vUo;% & fpUrklDrfueXuefU=lafyye~] nwrksfeZ”ka[kkdqye~] i;ZUrfLFkrpkjuØedje~] ukxk”ofgalzkJ;e~]
ukukok”kddadif{kjfpre~] dk;LFklikZLine~] uhfr{kq..krVe~ p] jktdj.ke~] fgalzS%] leqnzk;rsA
vFkZ & lksp&fopkj esa yxs ,oa Mwcs gq, eU=h gh ftlesa ty gSa] tks ygj rFkk “ka[k tSls nwrksa ls Hkjk gS] tgk¡
pkjksa vksj jgus okys xqIrpj gh uØ vkSj exj gSa] tgk¡ gkFkh&?kksM+s :ih Hk;adj tUrq ekStwn gSa] tks cgqr rjg ls
cksyus okys ¼oknh&izfroknh :ih½ dad if{k;ksa ls Hkjk gqvk gS] dk;LFk :ih lk¡iksa dk ?kj] jktuhfr ls VwVk gqvk
gSA fdukjk ¼e;kZnk½ ftldk ,slk ;g jktdj.k ¼dpgjh½ ?kkrd yksxksa ds dkj.k leqnz ds leku yx jgk gSA14A
lO;a es LiUnrs p{kqfoZjkSfr ok;lLrFkkA
iUFkk% lisZ.k #)ks·;a] LofLr pkLeklq nSor%AA15AA
vUo;% & es] lO;e~] p{kq%] LiUnrs] rFkk] ok;l%] fojkSfr] v;e~] iUFkk%] lisZ.k] #)%] vLeklq] nSor%] LofLr]
¼Hkfo’;fr½A
vFkZ & vPNk ! ¼izos”k djrs gq, f”kj Vdjkus dk vfHku; djds lksp&fopkj ds lkFk½ vksg] ;g nwljk
¼vi”kdqu½ & esjh ck;ha vk¡[k QM+d jgh gS rFkk dkSok fpYyk jgk gS ,oa jkLrk lk¡i ls #dk gSA esjk HkkX; ls
gh dY;k.k gksxkA15A
?kks.kksUura eq[keikaxfo”kkyus=a
uSrf) Hkktuedkj.knw’k.kkuke~A
ukxs’kq xks’kq rqjxs’kq rFkk ujs’kq
uákd`fr% lqln`”ka fotgkfr o`Ùke~AA16AA
vUo;% & ?kks.kksUure~] vikaxfo”kkyus=e~] ,rr~] eq[ke~] fg] vdkj.knw’k.kkuke~] Hkktue~] u] ¼Hkforqe~] “kDuksfr½] ¼;r%½
ukxs’kq] xks’kq] rqjxs’kq] rFkk ujs’kq] vkd`fr%] lqln`”ke~] o`Ùke~] ufg] fotgkfrA
vFkZ & rks izos”k djrk gw¡ ¼,slk dg dj izos”k djrk gS½
vf/kdjf.kd & ;g gS og pk#nÙkA tks ;g & Å¡ph ukd ls ;qDr rFkk fo”kky dkuksa okyh vk¡[kksa ls ;qDr ;g
eq¡g ¼vFkkZr~ pk#nÙk½ fu”p; gh fcuk dkj.k ds vijk/kksa dks drkZ ugha gks ldrkA D;ksafd gkFkh] xk;] ?kksM+k rFkk
euq’; dk psgjk ¼vkdkj½ vius ;ksX; vkpj.k dk R;kx ugha djrk ¼vFkkZr~ lqUnj psgjk vuqfpr dke ugha dj
ldrk½A16A
yTtk, Hkhyqnk, ok pkfyÙka vfy, f.kxwfgnqaA
“kva ekfyv vRFkdky.kk, nkf.ka xwgfn .k ra fg Hk”VdsAA17AA
yTt;k Hkh#r;k ok pkfj=eyhda fuxwfgrqe~A
Lo;a ekjf;RokFkZdkj.kkfnnkuha xwgfr u rf) HkV~Vd%AA17AA
vUo;% & vFkZdkj.kkr~] Lo;e~] ekjf;Rok] bnkuhe~] ¼Roe~½] yTt;k] ok] Hkh#r;k] vyhde~] pkfj=e~] fuxwfgrqe~
¼;rls½] ¼fdUrq½ HkV~Vd%] fg] rr~] u] xwgfrA
vFkZ & “kdkj & /ku ds fy;s olUrlsuk dks Lo;a ekj dj bl le; rw yTtk vFkok Mj ds dkj.k vius cqjs
pfjr dks fNikus dh dksf”k”k dj jgk gSA fdUrq jktk vFkok U;k;k/kh”k mldks ugha fNik;sxk vFkkZr~ lkjh ckrsa
og vo”; izdV dj nsxkA17A
O;ogkj% lfo?uks·;a R;t yTtka âfn fLFkrke~A
czwfg lR;eya /kS;± Nye= u x`ársAA18AA
vUo;% & v;e~] O;ogkj] lfo?u%] ¼vr%½ âfn] fLFkrke~] yTtke~] R;t] lR;e~] czwfg] /kS;Ze~] vye~] v=] Nye~] u]
x`ársA
vFkZ & vf/kdjf.kd & ;g eqdnek ¼O;ogkj½ ladVksa ls Hkjiwj gS ¼vr%½ ân; esa orZeku yTtk NksM+ksA lp&lp
cksyksA /kS;Z /kkj.k dj pqi jguk Bhd ughaA ;gk¡ Ny&diV dks ugha ekuk tkrk gSA18A
vH;qf{krks·fl lfyySuZ cykgdkuka
pk’kkxzi{kln`”ka Hk`”keUrjkysA
feF;Srnkuufena HkorLrFkkfg
gseUrin~efeo fu’izHkrkeqiSfrAA19AA
vUo;% & ,rr~] feF;k] ¼vfLr½] rFkk fg] cykgdkuke~] lfyyS%] vHk;qf{kr%] u] vfl] rFkkfi] vUrjkys]
pk’kkxzi{kln`”ke~] Hkor%] bne~] vkuue~] gseUrin~ee~] bo] fu’izHkrke~] miSfrA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & vjs ! vuxZy cdus okys ! ;g ,dne >wBk gS] mnkgj.kkFkZ & rqe cknyksa ds ty ls Hkhxs
ugha gks] ¼fdUrq fQj Hkh bl ckr dks½ dgus esa uhyd.B i{kh dh ik¡[k ds Nksj ds leku vki dk ;g eq¡g gseUr
_rq esa dey dh rjg ,dne efyu gks jgk gSA19A
bdkbZ&2 104
rqyua pkfnzjktL; leqnzL; p rkj.ke~A

xzg.ka pkfuyL;so pk#nÙkL; nw’k.ke~AA20AA
vUo;% & pk#nÙkL;] nw’k.ke~] vfnzjktL;] rqyue~] leqnzL;] rkj.ke~] vfuyL;] xzg.ke~] bo] ¼orZrs½A
vFkZ & vf/kdjf.kd & ¼vyx ls½ pk#nÙk dk nks’k fudkyuk ioZrjkt fgeky; ds rkSyus ds leku] leqnz dks
rSj dj ikj djus ds leku ,oa gok dks idM+us ds leku gS ¼vFkkZr~ pk#nÙk dks nks’kh Bgjkuk vklku ckr ugha
gSA20A
osnkFkkZUizkd`rLRoa onfl] u p rs ftg~ok fuifrrk]
e/;kg~us oh{kls·d±] u ro lglk n`f’VfoZpfyrkA
nhIrkXus% ikf.keUr% f{kifl] l p rs nX/kks Hkofr uks
pkfj«;kPpk#nÙka py;fl] u rs nsga gjfr Hkw%AA21AA
vUo;% & Roe~] izkd`r%] ¼lu~½] osnkFkkZu~] onfl] ¼fdUrq½] rs] ftg~ok] u] p] fuifrrk] e/;kUg~us] vdZe~] oh{kls]
¼fdUrq½] lglk] ro] n`f’V%] u] fopfyrk%] nhIrkXus%] vUr%] ikf.ke~] f{kifl] ¼fdUrq½] rs] l%] nX/k%] uks] Hkofr]
pk#nÙke~] pkfj«;kr~] py;fl] ¼fdUrq] Hkw%] rs nsge~] u gjfr½A
vFkZ & vf/kdjf.kd & gV] ew[kZ ! rw uhp gksdj Hkh osnksa dk vFkZ dg jgk gS] ijUrq rsjh thHk ugha fxjhA rw
nksigj ds le; lw;Z dks ns[k jgk gS] fdUrq ,dk,d rqEgkjh vk¡[k pkSaf/k;k ugha x;hA rw /k/kdrh vkx ds chp esa
viuk gkFk Mky jgk gS] fdUrq rsjk gkFk ty ugha tk jgk gSA rw pk#nÙk dks pfj= ls Hkz’V dj jgk gS vFkkZr~
cryk jgk gS] ijUrq i`fFkoh rqEgkjh nsg dks vius Hkhrj fNik ugha ysrhA21A
d`Rok leqnzeqndksPNª;ek=”ks’ka
nÙkkfu ;su fg /kukU;uisf{krkfuA
l Js;lka dFkfeoSdfuf/keZgkRek
ikia dfj’;fr /kukFkZeoSfjtq’Ve~AA22AA
vUo;% & fg] ;su] leqnze~] mndksPNª;ek=”ks’ke~] d`Rok] vuisf{krkfu] /kukfu] nÙkkfu] Js;lke~] ,dfuf/k%] l%]
egkRek] /kukFkZe~] voSfjtq’Ve~] ikie~] dFkfeo] dfj’;fr \
vFkZ & vk;Z pk#nÙk dSls iki dke djsaxs \ D;ksafd] ftlus jRu nkudj djds leqnz dks dsoy ty dk <sj ek=
cukdj fcuk ek¡xs gh cgqr /ku ns Mkyk] dY;k.kksa dk lcls egku~ vk”k; ogh egkRek pk#nÙk /ku ds fy;s dSls
bl iki dks djsxk \ ftldks fd “k=q Hkh ugha dj ldrsA22A
iknIigkjifjHkofoek.k.kc)x#vosjLlA
v.kqlksvarLl bva d/ka fi jÙkh iHkknk esAA23AA
iknizgkjifjHkofoekuukc)xq#doSjL;A
vuq”kkspr b;a dFkefi jkf=% izHkkrk esAA23AA
vUo;% & iknizgkjifjHkofoekuukc)xq#doSjL;] vuq”kkspr%] es] b;e~] jkf=%] dFkefi] izHkkrkA
vFkZ & ohjd & ¼pUnud ds }kjk½ iSj ls ekjus ds vuknj ls gksus okys vieku ds }kjk cgqr cM+k oSj ck¡/kus
okys eq> ohjd dh lksprs gq, gh ;g jkr fdlh rjg ls chrh gSA23A
,’k Hkks ! fueZyT;ksRLuks jkgq.kk xzL;rs “k”khA
tya dwykoikrsu izlUua dyq’kk;rsAA24AA
vUo;% & Hkks ! fueZyT;ksRLu%] ,’k%] “k”kh] jkgq.kk] xzL;rs] dwykoikrsu] izlUue~] tye~] dyq’kk;rsA
vFkZ & vf/kdjf.kd & nq%[k gS ! fueZy pk¡nuh okyk ;g pUnzek jkgq ds }kjk xzlk tk jgk gSA rV ds fxjus ls
fueZy ty xUnk gks jgk gS vFkkZr~ nqHkkZX; ds dkj.k fueZy pfj= okyk pk#nÙk dyafdr gks jgk gSA24A
;Fkk ;Fksna fuiq.ka fopk;Zrs rFkk rFkk ladVeso n`”;rsA
vgks lqlUuO;ogkjuhr;ks] efrLrq xkS% iadxrso lhnfrAA25AA
vUo;% & bne~] ;Fkk] eFkk] fuiq.ke~] fopk;Zrs] rFkk] rFkk] ladVe~] ,o] n`”;rs] vgks ! O;ogkjuhr;%] lqlUu%]
¼HkofUr½] rq] efr%] iadxrk] xkS%] bo] lhnfrA
vFkZ & vf/kdjf.kd & vgks ! lalkj ds O;ogkj dh foy{k.krk dk dks f/kDdkj gS] ;g ¼eqdnek½ tSls tSls
lko/kkuh ls fopkjk tkrk gS oSls & oSls gh my>k gqvk gh fn[kyk;h nsrk gSA vksg ! eqdnek ¼O;ogkj½ ds izek.k
Hkyh&Hkk¡fr iq’V gks jgs gSaA ijUrq esjh cqf) dhpM+ esa Q¡lh gqbZ xk; ds leku f[kUu gks jgh gSA25A
;FkSo iq’ia izFkes fodk”ks lesR; ikrqa e/kqik% irfUrA
,oa euq’;L; foifÙkdkys fNnzs’ouFkkZ cgqyhHkofUrAA26AA
vUo;% & ;FkSo] izFkes] fodk”ks] iq’ie~] ikrqe~] Hkzejk%] lesR;] irfUr] ,oe~] euq’;L;] foifÙkdkys] fNnzs’kq] vuFkkZ%]
cgqyhHkofUrA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼vius vki½ tSls igys igy f[kyus ds le; Qwy dk jl ihus ds fy;s HkkSajs bdV~Bk gksdj
ml ij fxjrs gSa] blh rjg euq’; dh vkifÙk ds le; tjk lk nks’k ikdj vusd vfu’V vk ?ksjrs gSaA26A
nq’VkRek ijxq.keRljh euq’;ks
jkxkU/k% ijfeg gUrqdkecqf)%A
fda ;ks ;}nfr e`’kSo tkfrnks’kk&
Ùkn~xzkáa Hkofr] u rf}pkj.kh;e~AA27AA
vUo;% & bg] nq’VkRek] ijxq.keRljh] jkxkU/k%] ije~] gUrqdkecqf)%] ;%] euq’;%] tkfrnks’kkr~] e`’kk] ,o] ;r~] onfr]
fde~] rr~] xzkãe~] Hkofr \ rr~] fopkj.kh;e~] u \
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ;gk¡] nqjkRek] nwljs ds xq.kksa ds izfr bZ’;kZ djus okyk] Øks/k ls vU/kk] nwljs dks ekjus dh bPNk
okyk euq’; viuh LokHkkfod nq’Vrk ds dkj.k >wBk gh tks dqN dgrk gS og ekuus ds yk;d gksrk gS \ D;k
og fopkj djus ds ;ksX; ugha gksrk \A27A
;ks·ga yrka dqlqferkefi iq’igsrks&
jkd`’; uSo dqlqekop;a djksfeA
bdkbZ&2 106
lks·ga dFka Hkzeji{k#pkS lqnh?ksZ

ds”ks izx`á #nrha izenka fugfUe \AA28AA
vUo;% & ;%] vge~] dqlqferke~] yrke~] vfi] iq’igsrks%] vkd`’;] iq’ikop;e~] u] djksfe] l%] vge~] Hkzeji{k#pkS]
lqnh?ksZ] ds”ks] izx`á] #nrhe~] izenke~] dFke~] fugfUe \
vFkZ & vkSj Hkh & tks eSa Qwyh gqbZ yrk dks Hkh Qwy ysus ds fy;s [khapdj Qwy ugha rksM+rk gw¡] ogh eSa HkkSjksa dh
ik¡[kksa ds leku dkys jax okys yEcs yEcs ckyksa dks idM+ dj jksrh gqbZ L=h dks dSls ekj ldrk gw¡A28A
eS=s; Hkks% ! fdfene| eeksi?kkrks
gk czkãf.k ! f}tdqys foeys izlwrkA
gk jksglsu ! fg u i”;fl es foifÙka
feF;So uUnfl ijO;lusu fuR;e~AA29AA
vUo;% & Hkks eS=s; ! bne~] fde~ \] v|] ee] mi?kkr%] ¼vkxr%½ \ foeys] f}tdqys] izlwrk] gk czkãf.k ! gk
jksglsu ! es] foifÙke~] u fg] i”;fl%] feF;k] ,o] ijO;llsu] fuR;e~] uUnflA
vFkZ & gs eS=s; ! ;g D;k ! vkt esjk fouk”k vk x;k gSA fueZy czkã.k dqy esa iSnk gqbZ gk czkã.kh vFkkZr~ esjh
L=h gk; ! csVk jksglsu ! rqe esjs foifÙk ugha ns[k jgs gks] O;FkZ esa gh dsoy ckydksa ds yk;d f[kyokM+ ls
ges”kk izlUu gks jgs gksA29A
e;k [kyq u`”kalsu ijyksdetkurkA
L=h jfrokZfo”ks’ks.k “ks’kes’kks·fHk/kkL;frAA30AA
vUo;% & ijyksde~] vtkurk] u`”kalsu] e;k%] [kyq] L=h] ok] vfo”ks’ks.k] jfr%] “ks’ke~] ,’k%] vfHk/kk ;frA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & fe= ! ijyksd dks u tkuus okys ,oa Øwj eSaus ,d L=h vFkok ¼;g dguk pkfg, fd½ lk{kkr~
dkenso dh L=h jfr dks] ---- “ks’k ckr ¼vFkkZr~ ekj nh½ ;g ¼”kdkj½ cryk;sxkA30A
v;esoafo/ks dkys n`’Vks Hkw’k.kfoLrj%A
vLekda HkkX;oS’kE;kRifrr% ikrf;’;frAA31AA
vUo;% & ,oafo/ks] dkys] vLekde~] HkkX;&oS’kE;kr~] ifrr%] ¼rFkk] vf/kdkfjfHk%½] n`’V%] v;e~] Hkw’k.kfoLrj%]
ikrf;’;frA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼vyx ls½ ,sls le; esa gekjs HkkX; ds nks’k ls fxjk gqvk rFkk vf/kdkfj;ksa }kjk ns[kk x;k
vkHkw’k.kksa dk ;g lewg eq>s foifÙk esa fxjk nsxkA31A
nqcZya uìrs”p{kquSZrÙkÙoa fujh{krsA
dsoya onrks nSU;e”yk?;a ej.ka Hkosr~AA32AA
vUo;% & uìrs%] p{kq%] nqcZye~] ,rr~] rÙoe~] u] fujh{krs] ¼vr%½] dsoye~] nSU;e~] onr%] ¼ee%½] v”yk/;e~] ej.ke~]
Hkosr~A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & fe= ! jktk ¼jktk ds vf/kdkfj;ksa½ dh vk¡[k detksj gksrh gSA ;g bl lgh ckr dks ugha
ns[krhA dsoy ghurkiwoZd opu dguk rks esjk fuUnuh; ej.k gh gksxk vFkkZr~ nhurkiw.kZ ckr dguk fuUnuh;
e`R;q ds leku gSA32A
vaxkjdfo#)L; iz{kh.kL; c`gLirs%A
xzgks·;eij% ik”osZ /kwedsrqfjoksfRFkr%AA33AA
vUo;% & vaxkjdfo#)L;] iz{kh.kL;] c`gLirs%] ik”osZ] /kwedsrq%] bo] v;e~] vij%] xzg%] mfRFkr%A
vFkZ & vf/kdjf.kd & nq%[k gS] vjs nq%[k gS & eaxy xzg ftldk fojks/kh gS ,sls] nqcZy c`gLifr xzg ds lehi
iqPNyrkjk ds leku ;g ¼tsojksa dk fxjuk½ nwljk xzg izdV gqvk gSA33A
oLRoUrjkf.k ln`”kkfu HkofUr uwua

:iL; Hkw’k.kxq.kL; p d`f=eL;A
n`’V~ok fØ;keuqdjksfr fg f”kfYioxZ%
lkn`”;eso d`rgLrr;k p n`’Ve~AA34AA
vUo;% & uwue~] d`f=eL;] :iL;] Hkw’k.kxq.kL;] p] ln`”kkfu] oLRoUrjkf.k] HkofUr] fg] f”kfYioxZ%] n`’V~ok] fØ;ke~]
vuqdjksfr] d`rgLrr;k] ,o] p lkn`”;e~] n`’Ve~A
vFkZ & vf/kdjf.kd & lsB th ns[kks & fu”p; gh cukoVh vkdkj ,oa tsojksa ds lqUnjrk vkfn xq.kksa esa nwljh
oLrq;sa Hkh ,d tSlh gksrh gSaA D;ksafd dkjhxj ¼fdlh pht dks½ ns[k dj ¼mldh½ cukoV dh udy djrk gSA
¼dkjhxj½ gkFk dh lQkbZ ds dkj.k gh ¼nks oLrqvksa esa½ lekurk ns[kh tkrh gSA34A
lPps.k lqga [kq yCHkb lPpkykos.k gksb ikoaA
lPpa fÙk nqosfo vD[kjk ek lPpa vfy,.k xwgsfgAA35AA
lR;su lq[ka [kyq yH;rs lR;kykis u Hkofr ikrde~A
lR;fefr }s vI;{kjs ek lR;eyhdsu xwg;AA35AA
vUo;% & lR;su] [kyq] lq[ke~] yH;rs] lR;kykis] ikrde~] u] Hkofr] lR;e~] bfr] }s] vfi] v{kjs] lR;e~] vyhdsu]
ek] xwg;A
vFkZ & Js’Bh&dk;LFk & vk;Z pk#nÙk ! ;gk¡ lp cksyuk pkfg;sA ns[kks] ns[kks] lR; ls fu”p; gh lq[k feyrk
gSA lR; cksyus ij iki ugha yxrkA lR; dsoy nks v{kj gSA lR; dks vlR; ls er fNikvksA35A
bnkuha lqdqekjs·fLefUu%”kda ddZ”kk% d”kk%A
ro xk=s ifr’;fUr lgkLekda euksjFkS%AA36AA
vUo;% & bnkuhe~] lqdqekjs] vfLeu~] ro] xk=s] ddZ”kk%] d”kk%] vLekde~] euksjFkS] lg] fu%”kade~] ifr’;fUrA
vFkZ & vf/kdjf.kd & vk;Z pk#nÙk ! lp cksfy;s & vc lqdqekj rqEgkjs bl “kjhj ij dBksj dksM+s] ge yksxksa
ds euksjFk ds lkFk gh fuHkZ;rkiwoZd iM+ax
s s ¼vFkkZr~ rqEgsa cpkus dh ge yksxksa dh bPNk fxj x;h gSA vc rqEgsa
dksM+s yxsaxs½A36A
bdkbZ&2 108
vikikuka dqys tkrs ef; ikia u fo|rsA

;fn laHkkO;rs ikieikisu p fda e;k \AA37AA
vUo;% & vikikuke] dqys] tkrs] ef;] ikie~] fo|rs] ;fn] ¼ef;½] ikie~] laHkkO;s] ¼rfgZ½] vikisu] p] e;k] fde~ \A
vFkZ & vikikuke] dqys] tkrs] ef;] ikie~] fo|rs] ;fn] ¼ef;½] ikie~] laHkkO;s] ¼rfgZ½] vikisu] p] e;k] fde~\A37A
e;k fdy u`”kalsu yksd};etkurkA
L=hjRua p fo”ks’ks.k “ks’kes’kks·fHk/kkL;frAA38AA
vUo;% & ijyksde~] vtkurk] u`”kalsu] e;k] [kyq] L=h] ok] vfo”ks’ks.k] jfr%] “ks’ke~] ,’k%] vfHk/kkL;frA
vFkZ & ¼vius vki½ vkSj olUrlsuk ls jfgr esjs thus ls D;k eryc \ ¼izdV :i esa½ vth ! vf/kd D;k &
nksuksa yksdksa ¼bl yksd vkSj LoxZ yksd½ dks u tkuus okys rFkk Øwj eSaus fo”ks’k :i ls jRuLo:i ,d L=h dks -----
“ks’k ¼vFkkZr~ ekj nh½ ;g ¼”kdkj½ dgsxkA38A
v;a fg ikrdh foizks u o/;ks euqjczohr~A
jk’VªknLekÙkq fuokZL;ks foHkoSj{krS% lgAA39AA
vUo;% & v;e~] foiz%] ikrdh] ¼vfLr] rFkk·fi½] u fg] o/;% ¼bfr½] euq%] vczohr~] rq] v{krS%] foHkoS%] lg] vLekr~]
jk’Vªkr~] fuokZL;%A
vFkZ & ;g czkã.k ikih gksus ij Hkh o/k djus ds ;ksX; ugha gS] ,slk euq us dgk gS] fdUrq lewph lEifÙk ds lkFk
bls bl jk’Vª ls ckgj fudky nsuk pkfg;sA39A
bZn`”ks O;ogkjkXukS efU=fHk% ifjikfrrk%A
LFkkus [kyq eghikyk xPNfUr dì.kka n”kke~AA40AA
vUo;% & efU=fHk%] bZn`”ks] O;ogkjkXukS ifjikfrrk%] eghikyk%] dì.kke~] n”kke~] xPNfUr] ¼bfr½] LFkkus [kyqA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & vgg ! jktk ikyd fcuk fcpkjs dke djus okyk gSA vFkok efU=;ksa ds }kjk bl rjg dh
eqdnek fopkj :ih vkx esa >ksads ¼Mkys½ x;s jktk yksx “kkspuh; n”kk dks izkIr gksrs gSa] ;g Bhd gh gSA40A
bZn`”kS% “osrdkdh;S jkK% “kklunw’kdS%A
vikikuka lglzkf.k gU;Urs p grkfu pAA41AA
vUo;% & “osrdkdh;S%] jkK%] “kklunw’kdS%] bZn`”kS%] ¼vf/kdjf.kdS%½] vikikuke~] lglzkf.k] grkfu] p] gU;Urs] pA
vFkZ & vkSj Hkh & ^dkSok lQsn gS* bl izdkj dk Hkh fo”okl dj ysus okys] jktk ds “kklu dks nwf’kr djus okys
,sls ¼U;k;k/kh”kksa½ ds }kjk gtkjksa fujijk/k vkneh ekjs x;s gSa vkSj vc Hkh ekjs tkrs gSaA41A
u`.kka yksdkUrjLFkkuka nsgizfrd`fr% lqr%A
ef; ;ks oS ro Lusgks jksglsus l ;qT;rke~AA42AA
vUo;% & lqr%] yksdkUrjLFkkuke~] u`.kke~] nsgizfrd`r%] ¼Hkofr½] ¼vr%½] ef;] ro] ;%] Lusg%] l%] jksglsus] oS]
;qT;rke~A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & iq= ijyksd esa x;s gq;s yksxksa dk viuk izfrfuf/k gksrk gSA blfy;s esjs Åij rqEgkjk tks izse
gS mls jksglsu esa yxk fn;k tk;A42A

fo’klfyyrqykfXuizkfFkZrs es fopkjs
Ødpfeg “kjhjs oh{; nkrO;e|A
vFk fjiqopuk}k czkã.ka eka fugafl
irfl ujde/;s iq=ikS=s% lesr%AA43AA
vUo;% & fo’klfyyrqykfXuizkfFkZrs] es] fopkjs ¼lfr½] oh{;] v|] bg] “kjhjs] Ødpe~] nkrO;e~] vFk] fjiqopukr~]
ok] eke~ czkã.ke~] fugafl] ¼psr~½] iq=ikS=S%] lesr%] ujde/;s] irflA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼d#.kk ds lkFk] eS=s; Hkks% ^fdfene|* 9@29 bR;kfn i<+rk gS] vkdk”k esa½ esjs eqdnek ds
fu.kZ; esa fo’k] ty] rjktw ¼rqyk½ rFkk vkx ds }kjk ¼fnO;½ ijh{kk dh izkFkZuk esjs }kjk djus ij] mls Hkyh&Hkk¡fr
ns[kdj gh vkt esjs bl “kjhj ij vkjk pykuk pkfg;s fdUrq ;fn “k=q ¼”kdkj½ ds dgus ls gh ¼gs jktu~½ eq>
czkã.k dks ekjrs gks rks rqe iq= rFkk ikS=ksa ds lkFk ¼vFkkZr~ vius lewps [kku& nku ds lkFk½ ujd esa fxjksxsA43A
n”keks·ad
rfDda .k dyv dky.k .koogca/k.kv.ks f.km.kkA
vfpys.k “kh”kysv.k”kwykyksos”kq dq”kyEgAA1AA
rfRda u dy; dkj.ka uoo/kcU/ku;us fuiq.kkSA
vkpjs.k “kh’kZPNsnu”kwykjksis’kq dq”kykS Lo%AA1AA
vUo;% & rr~] fde~] dkj.ke~] u] dy;] ¼vkoke~½] uoo/kcU/ku;us] fuiq.kkS] vfpjs.k] “kh’kZPNsnu”kwykjksis’kq] dq”kykS]
Lo%A
vFkZ & nksuksa & ¼pk.Mky½ & rks D;k ¼bl jkLrs ls gekjs tkus dk½ eryc rqe ugha tkurs gks \ ge nksuksa
¼izfrfnu ds½ u;s o/k vkSj cU/ku ds fy;s ¼fdlh vijk/kh dks½ ys tkus esa ije prqj gSa] cgqr tYn f”kj dkVus
vkSj “kwyh ¼Qk¡lh½ ij p<+kus esa fuiq.k gSaA1A
fn..kdyohynkes xfgns vEgsfga oT>iqfylsfgaA
nhos Oo ean.ksgs Fkksva [kva tkfnAA2AA
nÙkdjohjnkek x`ghr vkokH;ka o/;iq#’kkH;ke~A
nhi bo eUnLusg% Lrksda Lrksda {k;a ;kfrAA2AA
vUo;% & nÙkdjohjnkek] vkokH;ke~] o/;iq#’kkH;ke~] x`ghr%] ¼,’k%] vk;Z & pk#nÙk%½] eUnLusg%] nhi%] bo] Lrksde~]
Lrksde~] {k;e~] ;kfrA
vFkZ & gVks ekuuh; tuksa] gVksA ;g vk;Z pk#nÙk & iguk;h x;h dusj dh ekyk okyk] o/k djus ds fy;s x;s
¼fu;qDr½ ge nksuksa tuksa ds }kjk idM+k x;k ¼;g pk#nÙk½ de rsy okys nhid dh Hkk¡fr /khjs /khjs uk”k dks izkIr
gks jgk gSA2A
bdkbZ&2 110
u;ulfyyflDra ika”kq#{khd`rkax
firòulqeuksfHkosZf’Vra es “kjhje~A
fojlfeg jVUrks jDrxU/kkuqfyIra
cfyfeo ifjHkksDrqa ok;lkLrdZ;fUrAA3AA
vUo;% & bg] fojle~] jVUr%] ok;lk%] u;ulfyyflDre~] ik”kq#{khd`rkaxe~] firòu& lqeuksfHk%] osf’Vre~]
jDrxU/kkuqfyIre~] es] “kjhje~] cfye~] bo] ifjHkksDrqe~] rdZ;fUrA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼nq%[k ds lkFk½ & ;gk¡ ddZ”k “kCn djrs gq;s dkSos vk¡lqvksa ls Hkhxs gq;s] /kwfy&/kwlfjr
vaxokys] “e”kku ds Qwyksa ls <ds gq, ykypUnu ls iqrs gq, esjs bl “kjhj dks cfy ds leku [kkus dk fopkj
dj jgs gSaA3A
fda isD[k/k fNTtara “kIiqfy”ka dkyiy”kq/kkykfga \
“kqv.k”km.kkf/kok”ka “kTt.kiqfy”kn~nqea ,naAA4AA
fda i”;r fN|ekua lRiq#’kk% dkyij”kq/kkjkfHk%A
lqtu”kdqukf/kokla lTtuiq#’knzqeesre~AA4AA
vUo;%& gs lRiq#’kk%! lqtu”kdqukf/kokll~] ,re~] lTtuiq#’knzqee~] dkyij”kq& /kkjkfHk%] fN|ekue~] fde~] i”;r\
vFkZ & nksuksa pk.Mky & gVks egkuqHkkoks] gVks & gs lR; iq#’kks ! lTtu :ih if{k;ksa ds vkJ;&LFkku] lk/kq
iq#’k :ih bl o`{k dks dky:ih dqYgkM+h dh /kkjksa ls dkVs tkrs gq, D;ksa ns[krs gks \ vFkkZr~ lRiq#’k dk o/k
ns[kuk mfpr ugha gS] vr% gV tkvksA4A
loZxk=s’kq foU;LrS jDrpUnugLrdS%A
fi’Vpw.kkZodh.kZ”p iq#’kksga i”kwd`r%AA5AA
vUo;% & loZxk=s’kq] foU;LrS%] jDrpUnugLrdS%] fi’Vpw.kkZodh.kZ%] p] vge~] iq#’k%] i”kwd`r%A
vFkZ & vkvks js pk#nÙk vkvksA pk#nÙk & iq#’kksa ds HkkX;ksa ds dke vfpUruh; gqvk djrs gSa] tks fd eSa ,slh
n”kk dks izkIr gks x;k gw¡A
lHkh vaxksa ij yxk;s x;s yky pUnu ds gkFk&Nkis ¼gkFk ds fpUg½ ds }kjk ,oa ¼pkoy ds½ vkVs vkSj ¼fry ds½
pwjs ls O;kIr djds eq> iq#’k dks gh ¼cfy dk½ i”kq cuk fn;k x;k gSA5A
veh fg n`’V~ok enqisresrUeR;± f/kxfLRoR;qitkrck’ik%A
v”kDuqoUr% ifjjf{krqa eka Lox± yHkLosfr onfUr ikSjk%AA6AA
vUo;% & veh%] fg] ikSjk%] enqisre~] ,rr~] n`’V~ok] eR;Ze~] f/kd~] vLrq] bfr%] ¼mDRok½] mitkrck’ik%] eke~]
ifjjf{krqe~] v”kDuqoUr%] LoxZe~] yHkLo] bfr] onfUrA
vFkZ & ¼lkeus ns[kdj½ yksxksa dk lewg vk”p;Ztud gSA ¼d#.kk ds lkFk½ &
;s uxj ds fuoklh esjs }kjk ikbZ x;h bl gkyr dks ns[kdj ¼vFkkZr~ eq>s bl gkyr esa ns[kdj½] ;g dg dj
fd& {k.kHkaxqj euq’; dks f/kDdkj gS] vk¡[kksa esa vk¡lw Hkjs gq,] eq> dks cpkus esa vleFkZ gksrs gq, ^rqe LoxZ ikvks]
;g dg jgs gSa*A6A
bans Iiokfgvars xksIi”kos “kadea p rkyk.kaA
“kqiqfy”kik.kfoifÙk pÙkkfy bes .k nV~VOokAA7AA
bUnz% izokáek.kks xksizlo% laØe”p rkjk.kke~A
lqiq#’kizk.kfoifÙk”pRok;sZrkfu u nz’VO;kfuAA7AA
vUo;% & izokáek.k%] bUnz%] xksizlo%] rkjk.kke~] laØe%] p] lqiq#’kizk.kfoifÙk%] p] ,rkfu] pRokfj] u] nz’VO;kfuA
vFkZ & nksuksa pk.Mky & gVks] egkuqHkkoks ! gVksA D;k ns[k jgs gks \
ty esa cgkus ds fy;s ys tkrk gqvk bUnz&/ot] xk; dk izlo] rkjkvksa dk VwVdj fxjuk rFkk Js’B iq#’k dk o/k
& bu pkjksa dks ugha ns[kuk pkfg;sA7A
.kvyhi/kk.kaHkwns oT>hvars dnarv..k,A
fda yqvfn varfyD[ks vknq v.kCHks iMfn oTtsAA8AA
uxjhiz/kkuHkwrs o/;ekus d`rkUrkK;kA
fda jksfnR;Urfj{keFkok·uHkzs irfr otze~AA8AA
vUo;% & d`rkUrkK;k] uxjhiz/kkuHkwrs] o/;ekus] fde~] vUrfj{ke~] jksfnfr] vFkok] vuHkze~] otze~] irfr \
vFkZ & ,d pk.Mky & vjs] vkghUr ! ns[k] ns[k & ;ejkt ¼ds lkeku jktk ikyd½ dh vkKk ls bl uxjh ds
iz/kku iq#’k ¼pk#nÙk½ ds o/k dh rS;kjh gksus ij] D;k vkdk”k jks jgk gS \ vFkok fcuk cknyksa ds gh otz fxj
jgk gS \A8A
.k v yqvfn varfyD[ks .ks; v.kCHks iMfn oTtsA
efgyk”kewgesgs fuoMfn .kv.kacq /kkjkfgaAA9AA
u p jksfnR;Urfj{ka uSokuHkza irfr otze~A
efgyklewges?kkfUuirfr u;ukEcq /kkjkfHk%AA9AA
vUo;% & u] p] vUrfj{ke~] jksfnrfr] uSo] vuHkze~] otze~] irfr] ¼fdUrq½ efgyklewg& es?kkr~] u;ukEcq] /kkjkfHk]
fuirfrA
vFkZ & nwljk pk.Mky & vjs xksg ! u rks vkdk”k jks jgk gS] vkSj u fcuk cknyksa ds otz gh fxj jgk gSA
¼fdUrq½ fL=;ksa ds lewg:ih es?k ls vk¡[kksa dk ikuh ¼vk¡lw½ /kkjkvksa ds :i esa fxj jgk gSA9A
oT>fEe .khvek.ks t.k””k “kOo””k yksnek.k””kA
.kv.k”kfyysfga f”kÙks yPNknks .k m..keb ys.kwAA10AA
vUo;% & o/;s] uh;ekus] #nr%] loZL;] tuL;] u;ulfyyS%] flDr%] js.kq%] jF;kr%] u] mUuefrA
vFkZ & vkSj Hkh & o/; ¼pk#nÙk½ dks o/k&LFkku ij ys tk;s tkus ds le; pk#nÙk dks ns[k dj jksrs gq, lHkh
yksxksa dh vk¡lqvksa ls Hkhxh gqbZ /kwfy xyh ls ugha mM+ jgh gSA10A
bdkbZ&2 112
,rk% iqugZE;Zxrk% fL=;ks eka okrk;uk/ksZu fofu%l`rkL;k%A

gk pk#nÙksR;fHkHkk’kek.kka ck’ia iz.kkyhfHkfjoksRl`tfUrAA11AA
vUo;% & gE;Zxrk%] ,rk%] fL=;%] iqu% okrk;uk/ksZu] fofu l`rkL;k%] eke~ ¼vfHky{;½ gk pk#nÙk ! bfr]
vfHkHkk’kek.kk%] iz.kkyhfHk%] bo] ck’ie~] mRl`tfUrA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk ! ¼ns[k dj d#.kkiwoZd½ & egyksa esa jgus okyh ;s fL=;k¡ fQj f[kM+fd;ksa ds ,d fgLls ls eq¡g
fudkys gq, eq>dks y{; djds ^gk; pk#nÙk* ,slk dgrh gqbZ ekuksa ijukyksa ls gh vk¡lw cgk jgh gSaA11A
e[k”krifjiwra xks=eqnHkkflra es
lnfla fufcMpSR;czã?kks’kS% iqjLrke~A
ee ej.kn”kk;ka orZekuL; ikiS
Lrnl`”keuq’;S?kqZ’;rs ?kks’k.kk;ke~AA12AA
vUo;% & iqjLrkr~] e[k”krifjiwre~] ¼;r~½] es] xks=e~] lnfl] fufcMpSR;czã?kks’kS%] mn~Hkkflre~] ¼vklhr~½]
ej.kn”kk;ke~] orZekuL;] ee] rr~] ikiS%] vln`”keuq’;S%] ?kks’k.kk;ke~] ?kq’;rsA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & nq%[k ds lkFk] vius vki & igys] lSdM+ksa ;Kksa ls ifo= tks esjk dqy ;K&lHkk esa rFkk
¼fuefU=r O;fDr;ksa ls½ Hkjs gq, iwtk vkfn ds LFkkuksa esa osn&ikBksa ls mTToy ¼izdkf”kr½ jgk djrk FkkA ¼ogh esjk
dqy½ ejus dh gkyr esa esjs fo|eku gksus ij bu ikih rFkk v;ksX; tuksa ¼pk.Mkyksa½ ds }kjk ?kks’k.kk ds LFkku ij
¼cqjs dke ds lkFk½ ?kksf’kr fd;k tk jgk gSA12A
“kf”kfoeye;w[k”kqHkznfUr ! lq#fpjfonzqelfUuHkk/kjksf’B !A
ro onuHkoke`ra fuih; dFkeo”kks á;”kksfo’ka fickfe \AA13AA
vUo;% & gs “kf”kfoeye;w[k”kqHkznfUr ! gs lq#fpjfonzqefUuHkk/kjksf’B ! ro] onuHkoke`re~] fuih;] ¼v/kquk½] vo”k%]
¼vge~½] v;”kksfo’ke~] dFke~ fickfeA
vFkZ & ¼Åij dh vksj ns[k dj rFkk dkuksa dks <¡d dj½ gk; fiz;s] olUrlsus !
gs pUnzek dh fueZy fdj.kksa ds leku lQsn nk¡rksa okyh rFkk vR;Ur lqUnj ew¡xs ds leku v/kjks’B okyh
olUlsuk! rqEgkjs eq[k ls mRiUu ve`r dks ihdj vFkkZr~ rqY; gekjh ok.kh lqudj vc ijo”k gqvk eSa vidhfrZ
:ih fo’k dSls ih jgk gw¡ \ vFkkZr~ ;g lqudj eq>s ej tkuk pkfg, FkkA13A
,”ks xq.kvy.kf.kgh “kTt.knqD[kk.k mÙky.k”ksnwA
v”kqo..ka eaM.kva vo.khvfn vTt .kvyhnksAA14AA
,’k xq.kjRufuf/k% lTtunq% [kkukeqÙkj.klsrq%A
vlqo.k± e.Mudeiuh;rs·| uxjhr%AA14AA
vUo;% & xq.kjRufuf/k%] lTtunq%[kkuke~] mÙkj.klsrq%] vlqo.kZe~] e.Mude~] ,’k%] ¼pk#nÙk%½] v|] uxjhr%]
viuh;rsA
vFkZ & nksuksa pk.Mky & gVks] vk;Ztuksa ! gVks & ¼n;k] {kek vkfn½ xq.k :ih jRuksa dk [ktkuk] lTtuksa ds
¼leqnz :i½ nq%[k esa ikj djus ds fy;s iqy ds leku ¼vFkkZr~ nq%[k esa lTtuksa dk lgk;d½] fouk lksus dk
vkHkw’k.k ;g pk#nÙk vkt ¼bl½ uxjh ls nwj fd;k tk jgk gSA14A

“kOos [kq gksb yks, yks, “kqg”kafBnk.k rfÙkYy%A
fof.kofMnk.ka .kyk.ka fivdkyh nqYygks gksfnAA15AA
loZ% [kyq Hkofr yksds yksd% lq[klafLFkrkuka fpUrk;qDr%A
fofuifrukuka ujk.kka fiz;dkjh nqyZHkks HkofrAA15AA
vUo;% & yksds] loZ%] yksd] [kyq] lq[klafLFkrkuke~] fpUrk;qDr%] Hkofr] ¼fdUrq½] fofuifrrkuke~] ujk.kke~] fiz;dkjh]
nqyZHk% HkofrA
vFkZ & vkSj Hkh & bl lalkj esa lHkh vkneh lq[kh O;fDr;ksa ds gh “kqHk&fpUrd gksrs gSaA fdUrq vkifÙk esa iM+s gq,
euq’;ksa dk fgr djus okyk nqyZHk gksrk gSA15A
veh fgoL=kUrfj#}oD=k%
iz;kfUr es nwjrja o;L;k%A
ijks·fi cU/kq% lq[klafLFkrL;
fe=a u df”pf}’kefLFkrL;AA16AA
vUo;% & veh] es] o;L;k%] oL=kUrfu#)oD=k%] fg] nwjrje~] iz;kfUr] ¼lR;e~½ lq[klafLFkrL;] ij%] vfi cU/kq%]
¼Hkofr] fdUrq½] fo’kefLFkrL;] df”pr~] fe=e~] u] ¼Hkofr½A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼lHkh vksj ns[kdj½ ;s esjs fe= diM+s ds vk¡py ls vius eq¡g dks <¡ds gq, nwj nwj tk jgs gSaA
¼lp gS fd½ lq[k dh gkyr esa orZeku O;fDr dk ijk;k ¼vifjfpr½ Hkh viuk cu tkrk gS] fdUrq foifÙk esa iM+s
gq, O;fDr dk dksbZ fe= ugha gksrkA16A
fpja [kyq Hkfo’;kfe ijyksds fiikflr%A
vR;YifeneLekda fuokiksndHkkstue~AA17AA
vUo;% & ¼vge~½] ijyksds] [kyq] fpje~] fiikflr%] Hkfo’;kfe] ¼;r%½] vLekde~] fuokiksndHkkstue~] bne~ vR;Yie~]
¼vfLr½A
vFkZ & eSa ijyksd esa cgqr fnuksa rd I;klk gh jgw¡xk ¼D;ksafd½ ge yksxksa ds fir`riZ.k ds ty :ih Hkkstu dk
nkrk ;g ckyd ¼viR;½ cgqr NksVk gSA17A
vekSfDrdelkSo.k± czkã.kkuka foHkw’k.ke~A
nsorkuka fir`.kka p Hkkxks ;su iznh;rsAA18AA
vUo;% & ¼bne~] ;Kksiohre~½] czkã.kkuke~] vekSfDrde~] vlkSo.kZe~ foHkw’k.ke~] ¼vfLr] ;su] nsorkuke~] fir`.kke~] p]
Hkkx%] iznh;rs½A
vFkZ & iq= dks D;k nw¡ \ ¼vius vki dks ns[kdjA tusÅ ns[kdj½ vPNk] ;g rks esjs ikl gS ghA ¼;g tusÅ½
czkã.kksa dk vkHkw’k.k gS] ftlls nsorkvksa rFkk firjksa dk Hkkx fn;k tkrk gSA18A
bdkbZ&2 114
vCHkqn, vo”kk.ks rgs v yfÙkafnoa vgneXukA

m|kes Oo fd”kksyh f.kvnh [kq ifMfPNnqa tkfnAA19AA
vH;qn;s·olkus rFkSo jkf=afnoegrekxkZA
mn~nkeso fd”kksjh fu;fr% [kyq izR;sf’krqa ;kfrAA19AA
vUo;% & vH;qn;s] volkus] rFkSo jkf=fUnoe~] vgrekxkZ] fu;fr%] mÌkek] fd”kksjh] bo] [kyq] izR;sf’krqe~] ;kfrA
vFkZ & pk.Mky & vkvks js pk#nÙk] vkvks nwljk pk.Mky & vjs vk;Z pk#nÙk dks ¼^vk;±* vkfn½ mikf/k ls jfgr
uke ls iqdkjrs gks \
vjs] ns[kks & mUufr dh voLFkk esa rFkk fxjh gkyr esa ,oa jkr esa vkSj fnu esa csjksdVksd pyus okyh ¼vizfrgr
xfr okyh½ fu;fr ¼HkkX;½ LoNUn] p<+rh gqbZ tokuh dkyh L=h ds leku iq#’k dks Lohdkj djus ds fy;s tkrh
gSA ¼vFkkZr~ fu;fr dc fdlds Åij dSlh gkyr yk nsxh] ugha dgk tk ldrk½A19A
“kqD[kk fo ons”kk “ks fda fo.kfeveRFk,.k dkvOoaA
ykgqxfgns fo pans .k oan.kh, t.kin””kAA20AA
“kq’dk vfi izns”kk vL; fda foufereLrdsu drZO;e~A
jkgqx`ghrks·fi pUnzks u oUnuh;ks tuinL;AA20AA
vUo;% & vL;] izns”kk%] vfi] “kq’dk%] ¼vr%½] foufereLrdsu] fde~] drZO;e~ \ ¼bfr] u fopkj.kh;e~½] jkgqx`ghr%]
vfi] pUnz%] tuinL;] u oUnuh;% \
vFkZ & vkSj Hkh & bl pk#nÙk ds ¼/ku&;”k vkfn½ vax Hkh lw[k x;s gSaA ¼blfy, bls½ iz.kke djus ls D;k
iz;kstu gS \ ¼,slk ugha lkspuk pkfg;s½ D;k jkgq ds }kjk xzlk x;k pUnzek tuin ds fuokfl;ksa ¼vFkkZr~ euq’;ksa½
ds fy, oUnuh; ugha gksrk \ ¼ikBkUrj esa igyh ykbu dk vFkZ ;g gS & bl pk#nÙk ds dqy & uke vkfn D;k
lw[k x;s \ D;k buds izfr f“kj ugha >qdkuk pkfg;s \½A20A
valsu fcHkzRdjohjekyka LdU/ksu “kwya ân;su “kksde~A
vk?kkre|kgeuqiz;kfe “kkfe=ekyC/kqfeok/ojs·t%AA21AA
vUo;% & valsu] djohjekyke~] LdU/ksu] “kwye~] ân;su] “kksde~] fcHkzr~] vge~] v/ojs] vkyC/kqe~] “kkfe=e~] vt%] bo]
v|] vk?kkre~] vuqiz;kfeA
vFkZ & nkjd & vjs js pk.Mkyksa ! esjs firk dks dgk¡ ys tk jgs gks \
pk#nÙk & csVk \
xys esa dusj dh ekyk] dU/ks ij “kwyh rFkk ân; esa “kksd /kkj.k fd;s gq, eSa] ;K esa ekjus ds fy, ck¡/kus okys
[kEHks ds ikl ¼ys tk;s tkrs gq,½ cdjs dh Hkk¡fr] vkt Qk¡lh ds LFkku ij tk jgk gw¡A21A
.k gq vEgs pkaMkyk pkaMkydqyfEe tkniqOok foA
ts vfgHkoafr “kkgqa rs ikok rs v pkaMkykAA22AA
vUo;% & pk.Mkydqys] tkriwokZ%] vfi] o;e~] [kyq] pk.Mkyk%] u] ;s lk/kqe~] vfHkHkofUr] rs] ikik%] rs] pk.Mkyk%]
pA
vFkZ & pk.Mky & ckyd ! pk.Mky dqy esa iSnk gksdj Hkh ge yksx ¼oLrqr%½ pk.Mky ugha gSA tks yksx lTtu
O;fDr dk vieku djrs gSa] ;s gh ikih vkSj pk.Mky gSaA22A
bna rRLusgloZLoa leek<Ó;nfjnz;ks%A
vpUnueukS”khja ân;L;kuqysiue~AA23AA
vUo;% & bne~] vk<Ónfjnz;ks%] lee~] rr~] LusgloZLoe~] ¼rFkk½] vpUnue~] vukS”khje~] ân;L;] vuqysiue~]
¼vfLr½A
vFkZ & pk.Mky & esjs fpjathoh ! ,sls dgrs gq, cgqr fnu rd ftvksA
pk#nÙk & ¼vk¡[kksa esa vk¡lw Hkjs gq, ckyd dks xys yxk dj½ ;g ¼iq=½ /kuh vkSj fu/kZu nksuksa ds fy, ,d leku
Lusg dk txRizfl) loZLo gS ¼vFkkZr~ izk.k gS½ ;g fouk pUnu vkSj [kl ds Hkh ân; dk ¼”kkfUrdkjd½ ysi gS
¼vFkkZr~ iq= dks ns[kdj firk dk dystk B.Mk gks tkrk gS½A23A
fda isD[k/k “kIiqfy”ka vt”ko”ks.k Ii.kV~Vthok”kaA
dwos [kafMnik”ka dap.kdy”ka Oo MqCcaraAA24AA
fda i”;r lRiq#’ke;”kkso”ksu izu’Vthok”ke~ \A
dwis [kf.Mrik”ka dkapudy”kfeo eTtUre~AA24AA
vUo;% & [kf.Mrik”ke~] dwis] eTtUre~] dkapudy”ke~] bo] v;”kkso”ksu] izu’V& thok”ke~] lRiq#’ke~] fde~ i”;r\
vFkZ & pk.Mky & gVks] vk;Ztuks] gVksA jLlh VwVus ij dwi esa Mwcrs gq, lqo.kZ?kV ds leku vidhfrZ ds dkj.k
ftlds thou dh vk”kk u’V gks xbZ gS ,sls bl lRiq#’k dks D;k ns[krs gksAA24A
izkIrks·ga O;lud`”kka n”kkeuk;k±
;=sna Qyefi thforkolkue~A
,’kk p O;Fk;fr ?kks’k.kk euks es
JksrO;a ;fnnelkS e;k grsfrAA25AA
vUo;% & vge~ O;lud`”kke~] vuk;kZe~] n”kke~] izkIr%] ;=] bne~] thforkolkue~] ¼,o½] Qye~ vfi] ¼vfLr½] ,’kk]
p] ?kks’k.kk] es] eu%] O;Fk;fr] ;r~] bne~] JksrO;e~] ^vlkS] e;k] grk] bfr*A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & eSa foifÙk ds dkj.k detksj ,oa fuUnuh; ml n”kk esa igq¡p x;k gw¡] tgk¡ ij fd ;g e`R;q gh
Qy gSA vkSj ;g turk esa ,yku esjs eu dks ihM+k nsrk gS] tks eq>s ;g lquuk iM+rk gS fd & êSaus bls
¼olUrlsuk dks½ ekjk gS*A25A
dks·;esoafo/ks dkys dkyik”kfLFkrs ef;A
vuko`f’Vgrs lL;s nzks.kes?k boksfnr% \AA26AA
vUo;% & v;s ! ¼x|su vUo;%½] vuko`f’Vgrs] lL;s] nzks.kes?k%] bo] ,oafo/ks] dkys] ef;] dkykik”kfLFkrs] v;e~] d%]
mfnr% \A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & vgks ! o’kkZ ds u gksus ls lw[krs gq, /kku ij nzks.k uked es?k ¼/kku c<+kus okys ckny½ ds
bdkbZ&2 116
leku bl izdkj dh foifÙk ds le; esa esjs e`R;q ds QUnk esa Q¡lus ij ;g dkSu ¼esjh enn ds fy;s½ vk x;k
gS\A26A
u Hkhrks ej.kknfLe dsoya nwf’kra ;”k%A
fo”kq)L; fg es e`R;q% iq=tUeleks Hkosr~AA27AA
vUo;% & ¼vge~½] ej.kkr~] Hkhr%] u] vfLe] dsoye~] ;”k%] nwf’kre~] fo”kq)L;] es] e`R;q%] fg] iq=tUele%] Hkosr~A
vFkZ & vjs vki yksxksa us lquk \ & eSa djus ls Hk;Hkhr ugha gw¡A ¼fdUrq blfy;s Hk;Hkhr gw¡ fd½ esjs ;”k esa /kCck
yx x;k gSA ¼;fn½ funksZ’k gksdj esjh e`R;q gksrh rks og iq= ds tUe ds leku ¼lq[knk;d½ gksrhA27A
rsukjH;d`roSjs.k {kqnzs.kkR;Yicqf)ukA
“kjs.kso fo’kkDrsu nwf’krsukfi nwf’kr%AA28AA
vUo;% & vd`roSj.ks] {kqnzs.k] vYicqf)uk] nwf’krsu] vfi] rsu] fo’kkDrsu] “kjs.k] bo] nwf’kr%] vfLeA
vFkZ & vkSj Hkh & ftlds lkFk dHkh oSj ugha fd;k Fkk ,sls uhp eUncqf) okys] Lo;a ¼olUrlsuk ds ekjus ds½
nks’kh ml ¼”kdkj½ us] fo’kcq>k, rhj dh Hkk¡fr] eq>s dfyafdr dj fn;k gSA28A
ea”ks.k frD[kkfeyds.k HkÙks “kkdsu “kwis.k “kePNds.kA
HkqÙka e, vÙk.kv””k xsgs “kkfy””k dwys.k xqyksn.ks.kAA29AA
ekalsu frDrkEysu HkDra “kkdsu lwisu leRL;dsuA
HkqDra e;kReuks xsgs “kkyh;dwjs.k xqMkSnusuAA29AA
vUo;% & e;k] vkReu%] xsgs] frDrkEysu] ekalsu] “kkdsu] leRL;dsu] lwisu] “kkyh;dwjs.k] xqMkSnusu] HkDre~]
HkqDre~A
vFkZ & “kdkj ¼[kq”kh ds lkFk½ eSaus vius ?kj rh[ks&[kV~Vs ekal] “kkd] eNyh ds lfgr nky X;k jlk] vxguh
pkoy ds Hkkr rFkk xqM+ feys gq, Hkkr ¼[khj½ ds lkFk ¼lk/kkj.k pkoy dk½ Hkkr [kk;k gSA29A
vks”ky/k ns/k eXxa nkya <Dds?k gks/k rq.ghvkA
vfo.kvfrD[kfo”kk.ks nqV~BcbYys bnks ,fnAA30AA
viljr nÙk ekx± }kja fi/kÙk Hkor rw’.khdk%A
vfou;rh{.kfo’kk.kks nq’VoyhonZ br ,frAA30AA
vUo;% & viljr] ekxZe~] nÙk] }kje~] fi?kÙk] rw’.khdk%] Hkor] vfou;rh{.kfo’kk.k% nq’VcyhonZ%] br%] ,frA
vFkZ & nksuksa pk.Mky & gV tkvks] jkLrk NksM+ nks] njoktk cUn dj yks] pqi gks tkvksA mÌ.Mrk:ih rst lhaxksa
okyk nq’V lk¡M+ ¼”kdkj½ b/kj vk jgk gSA30A
mfÙk’B Hkks% ! ifrrlk/kqtukuqdfEi&
fUu’dkj.kksixrckU/ko /keZ”khy !
;Ru% d`rks·fi lqegkUee eks{k.kk;
nSoa u laonfr] fda u d`ra Ro;k|AA31AA
vUo;% & Hkks% ifrrlk/kqtukuqdfEiu~ ! fu’dkj.kksixrckU/ko ! /keZ”khy ! mfÙk’B] ee] eks{k.kk;] ¼Ro;k½] lqegku~]
;Ru%] vfi] d`r% ¼fdUrq½ nSoe~] u] laonfr] v|] Ro;k] fde~] u] d`re~ \A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼d#.kk ds lkFk½ gs vkifÙk esa fxjs gq, lTtuksa ij dìk djus okys] vdkj.k vk;s gq, cU/kq
/kkfeZd tu! mBksA eq>s NqMk+ us ds fy, ¼rqeus½ cgqr cM+k iz;Ru fd;k] fdUrq HkkX; lkFk ugha ns jgk gSA vkt
rqeus D;k ugha fd;k \ ¼vFkkZr~ lc dqN fd;k½A31A
vkJea oRl ! xUrO;a x`ghRok|So ekrje~A
ek iq= ! fir`nks’ks.k RoeI;soa xfe’;flAA32AA
vUo;% & oRl ! ekrje~] x`ghRok] v|] ,o] vJee~] xUrO;e~] iq= ! ek] fir`nks’ks.k] Roe~] vfi ,oe~] xfe’;flA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & gs csVk ! ekrk dks ysdj vkt gh vkJe ¼eqfutuksa dh riL;k ds LFkku esa pys tkukA gs iq=
! ,slk u gks fd firk ds nks’k ¼olUrlsuk ds o/k :i nks’k½ ds dkj.k rqe Hkh blh izdkj ¼fujijk/k½ pys tkvks
¼vFkkZr~ ekjs tkvks½½A32A
izkI;Sr}Óluegk.kZoizikra
u =klks u p eulks·fLr es fo’kkn%A
,dks eka ngfr tukioknofà&
oZDrO;a ;fng e;k grk fiz;sfrAA33AA
vUo;% & ,r}Óluegk.kZoizikre~] izkI;] vfi] es] eul%] u] =kl%] u] p] fo’kkn%] vfLr] ,d%] tukioknofà%]
eke~] ngfr] ;r~] bg] bfr] oDrO;e~] ê;k] fiz;k] grk*A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼d#.kkiwoZd½ foifÙk ds bl lkxj esa fxj dj ¼Hkh½ esjs eu dks u rks Hk; gS vkSj u fo’kkn
ghA ,dek= yksd&fuUnk dh vkxa gh eq>s tyk jgh gS] tks eq>s ;gk¡ dguk gS fd & êSaus fiz;k ¼olUrlsuk½ dks
ekjk gSA33A
izHkofr ;fn /keksZ nwf’krL;kfi es·|
izcyiq#’kokD;SHkkZX;nks’kkRdFkafpr~A
lqjifrHkouLFkk ;= r= fLFkrk ok
O;iu;rq dyad LoLoHkkosu lSoAA34AA
vUo;% & HkkX;nks’kkr~] v|] izcyiq#’kokD;S%] nwf’krL;] vfi] es] /keZ%] ;fn] dFkafpr~] izHkofr] ¼rnk½]
lqjifrHkouLFkk] ok] ;= r=] fLFkrk] lk] ,o] LoLoHkkosu] ¼es½] dyade~] O;iu;rqA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & HkkX; ds nks’k ls vkt “kfDr”kkyh iq#’k ¼”kdkj½ ds ¼>wBk½ dgus ds dkj.k dyafdr gq, Hkh
esjk /keZ ;fn dqN Hkh izHkko j[krk gS rks bUnz ds Hkou ¼LoxZ½ eas vFkok tgk¡ dgha orZeku og ¼olUrlsuk½ gh
vius LoHkko ls esjs dyad dks nwj djsA34A
v)a dysoya ifMo`Ùka dV~Vafr nhgxksekvkA
v)a fi “kwyyXua os”ka fov vV~Vgk”k””kAA35AA
v/k± dysoja izfro`Ùka d’kZfUr nh?kZxksek;o%A
v/kZefi “kwyyXua os”k bokV~VgklL;AA35AA
bdkbZ&2 118
vUo;% & nh?kZxksek;o%] izfro`Ùke~] v/kZe~] dysoje~] d’kZfUr] “kwyyXue~] v/kZe~] vfi] vV~VklL;] os”k%] bo]
¼izfrHkkfr½A
vFkZ & vjs ! vc eq>s dgk¡ tkuk gS \
pk.Mky & ¼lkeus fn[kyk dj½ vjs ! nf{k.k fn”kk esa ;g “e”kku fn[kykbZ ns jgk gS] ftls ns[k dj ekjs tkus
okys O;fDr “kh?kz gh vius izk.kksa dks NksM+ nsrs gSaA ns[kks] ns[kks & Åij “kjhj mBk;s gq, fl;kj “kwyh ls yVds gq,
vk/ks “kjhj dks uksap jgs gSaA “kwyh esa yxk gqvk ¼Åij dk½ vk/kk Hkkx Hkh foV gkl dk :i&lk izrhr gks jgk
gSA35A
mV~BariMarkg o”k.kikfMvk “ko””k m.k vfRFkA
,nkga fgv, dnqv la/kkysfg vÙkk.kvaAA36AA
mfÙk’BRirrks oluikfrdk “koL; iqujfLrA
,rkfu ân;s d`Rok la/kkj;kRekue~AA36AA
vUo;% & mfÙk’BRirr%] “koL;] iqu%] oluikfrdk] vfLr] ,rkfu] ân;s] d`Rok] vkRekue~] la/kkj;A
vFkZ & mBdj fxjrs gq, e`r “kjhj dh fQj oL= ds leku gh iru&fØ;k ¼thuk& ejuk½ gksrk gSA bu ckrksa dks
ân; esa lksp dj vius vki dks <k¡<+l nksA36A
vkvfV~Bns “kyks”ka eqV~Bh, HkqfV~B.kk xghns foA
/ky.kh, dh”k ifMns nkyq.kds v”kf.k”kf..kgs [kXxsAA37AA
vkd`’V% ljks’ka eq’VkS eqf’Vuk x`ghrks·fiA
/kj.;ka fdeFk± ifrrks nk#.kdks·”kfulfUuHk% [kM~x%AA37AA
vUo;% & eq’VkS] eqf’Vuk] x`ghr%A vfi] ljks’ke~] vkd`’V%] v”kfulfUuHk%] nk#.k%] [kax%] /kj.;ke~] fdeFkZe~] ifrr%A
vFkZ & pk.Mky & ¼okj djuk pkgrk gSA gkFk ls ryokj fxjus dk vfHku; djrs gq,½ vksg ! ;g dSls \ ewB
ij ¼dl dj½ eqV~Bh ls idM+h x;h Hkh rFkk jks’kiwoZd ¼LFkku ls½ [khaph xbZ] otz ds leku Hk;adj ;g ryokj
tehu ij D;ksa fxjh \37A
dk m.k rqfyna ,”kk va”kiMars.k fpmyHkkys.kA
ek esfÙk okgyarh mfV~BngRFkk bnks ,fnAA38AA
dk iquLRofjres’kkalirrk fpdqjHkkjs.kA
ek esfr O;kgjUR;qfRFkrgLrsr ,frAA38AA
vUo;% & valirrk] fpdqjHkkjs.k] ¼miyf{krk½] mfRFkrgLrk] ek] ek* bfr] O;kgjUrh] ,’kk] dk iqu% Rofjre~] br%]
,frA
vFkZ & pk.Mky & ¼ns[kdj½ & dU/kksa ij fc[kjs gq;s ds”k&dyki ls ;qDr] gkFk mBk;s gqbZ] ûgha] ugha* dgrh gqbZ
;g dkSu lh L=h tYnh ls b/kj vk jgh gSA38A
ds;eH;q|rs “kLs e`R;qoD=xrs ef;A

vuko`f’Vgrs lL;s nzks.ko`f’VfjokxrkAA39AA
vUo;% & “kL=s] vH;q|rs] ef;] e`R;qoD=xrs] vuko`f’Vgrs] lL;s] nzks.ko`f’V%] bo] b;e~] dk] vkxrkA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & vk”p;Z lsA ¼eq>s ekjus ds fy;s½ “kL= mB tkus ij rFkk esjs e`R;q ds eq¡g esa pys tkus ij
fouk o’kkZ ds lw[kh [ksrh ij nzks.k ¼uked ckny½ dh o’kkZ ds leku ¼;g dkSu L=h½ vk x;h gS \A39A
olUrlsuk fdfe;a f}rh;k
lekxrk lSo fno% fdfeRFke~A
HkzkUra eu% i”;fr ok eeSuka
olUrlsuk u e`rk·Fk lSoAA40AA
vUo;% & fde~] b;e~] f}rh;k] olUrlsuk \ fde~] lk] ,o] fno%] bRFke~] lekxrk \ ok] ee] HkzkUre~] eu%] ,uke~]
i”;fr \ vFkok] olUrlsuk] u] e`rk%] ¼b;e~½] lk] ,oA
vFkZ & D;k ;g nwljh olUrlsuk gS \ vFkok D;k og gh LoxZ ls bl rjg ¼”kjhj /kkj.k dj½ vk x;h gS \
vFkok esjk pdjk;k gqvk ¼HkzkUr½ eu gh bl ¼L=h½ dks ¼olUrlsuk½ le> jgk gS \ vFkok olUrlsuk ejh ugha gS]
;g ogh gS \A40A
fda uq LoxkZRiqu% izkIrk ee thokrqdkE;;kA
rL;k :ikuq:is.k fdeqrkU;s;ekxrkAA41AA
vUo;% & ee] thokrqdkE;;k] LoxkZr~] iqu%] izkIrk] fda uq \ mr] rL;k%] :ikuqis.k] b;e~] vU;k] vkxrk] fde~ \
vFkZ & eq>s ftykus dh bPNk ls ¼gh½ ;g LoxZ ls fQj mrj vk;h gS D;k \ vFkok ml ¼olUrlsuk½ ds :i ds
leku :iokyh ;g nwljh ¼gh L=h½ vk x;h gS D;k \A41A
dqrks ck’ikEcq/kkjkfHk% Lui;Urh i;ks/kjkSA
ef; e`R;qo”ka izkIrs fo|so leqikxrkAA42AA
vUo;% & ef;] e`R;qo”ke~] izkIrs] ck’ikecq/kkjkfHk%] i;ks/kjkS] Lui;Urh] ¼Roe~½ fo|k] bo] dqr%] lekxrkA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼ns[kdj izlUurk ds lkFk½ D;k olUrlsuk gh gks \
¼vkuUn iwoZd½ & esjs e`R;q ds o”k esa izkIr gksus ij vk¡lqvksa dh /kkjkvksa ls ¼vius½ nksuksa Lruksa dks lhaprh gqbZ rqe
¼lathouh½ fo|k dh Hkk¡fr dgk¡ ls vk x;h gks \A42A
RonFkZesrf}fuikR;ekua nsga Ro;So izfreksfpra esA
vgks izHkko% fiz;laxeL; e`rks·fi dks uke iquf/kzZ;sr \AA43AA
vUo;% & RonFkZe~] fofuikR;ekue~] es] ,rr~] nsge~] Ro;k] ,o] izfreksfpre~] fiz;laxeL;] vgks ! izHkko%] ¼vU;Fkk½]
e`r%] vfi] d% uke] iqu%] f/kz;sr \A
vFkZ & fiz;s olUrlsus ! rqEgkjs dkj.k u’V fd;k tkrk gqvk esjk ;g “kjhj rqEgkjs gh }kjk NqM+k;k x;kA izseh ds
feyu dk vk”p;Ztud izHkko gSA ugha rks] Hkyk] ej dj Hkh dksbZ ftUnk gksrk gS \A43A
bdkbZ&2 120
jDra rnso ojoL=fe;a p ekyk

dkUrkxesu fg ojL; ;Fkk foHkkfrA
,rs p o/;iVg~/ou;LrFkSo
tkrk fookgiVg/ofufHk% lekuk%AA44AA
vUo;% & dkUrkxesu] rnso] jDre~] ojoL=e~] b;e~] ekyk] p] ojL;] ;Fkk] fg] foHkkfr] p] rFkSo] ,rs]
o/;iVg/ou;%] fookgiVg/ofufHk%] lekuk% tkrk%A
vFkZ & fiz;k ds ¼vFkkZr~ rqEgkjs½ vk tkus ls] ogh yky oL= oj ds oL= ¼ds leku½ vkSj ;g ekyk oj dks
iguk;h x;h ekyk ds leku “kksfHkr gks jgh gSA vkSj mlh izdkj o/k ds fy;s ctk;s tkrs gq, cktksa dh ;s
vkoktsa fookg ds cktksa dh /ofu;ksa ds leku gks x;h gSaA44A
iwokZuqc)oSjs.k “k=q.kk izHkfo’.kqukA
ujds irrk rsu eukxfLe fuikfrr%AA45AA
vUo;% & iwokZuqc)oSjs.k] izHkfo’.kquk] ujds] irrk] rsu] “k=q.kk] eukd~] fuikfrr%] vfLeA
vFkZ & pk#nÙk ! ^fiz;s ! eSaus rqEgsa ekj Mkyk* ,slk dgdj & igys ls gh oSj ck¡/kus okys] “kfDr”kkyh] ujd esa
fxjus okys ml “k=q ¼”kdkj½ ds }kjk FkksM+k lk dyafdr dj fn;k x;k gw¡A45A
t;fr o`’kHkdsrqnZ{k;KL; gUrk
rnuq t;fr HksÙkk ‘k.eq[k% ØkSap”k=q%A
rnuq t;fr d`RLuka “kqHkzdSykldsrqa
fofugrojoSjh pk;Zdks xka fo”kkyke~AA46AA
vUo;% & n{k;KL;] gUrk] o`’kHkdsrq%] t;fr] rnuq] HksÙkk] ØkSap”k=q%] ‘k.eq[k%] t;fr] rnuq] fofugrojoSjh] vk;Zd%]
p] “kqHkzdSykldsrqe~] d`RLuke~] fo”kkyke~] xke~] t;frA
vFkZ & n{k ds ;K dks fou’V djus okys f”ko dh t; gksA mlds i”pkr~ ¼”k=qvksa ds ny dk½ Hksnu djus okys]
ØkSap ¼uked nSR; vFkok ioZr½ ds “k=q dkfrZds; dh t; gksA vkSj rnuUrj iz/kku “k=q ¼ikyd½ dk o/k djus
okyk vk;Zd lQsn dSykl ioZr gh gS irkdk ftldh ,slh lewph i`fFkoh dks thrsA46A
gRok ra dquìega fg ikyda Hkks&
LrnzkT;s nzqrefHkf’kP; pk;Zda re~A
rL;kKka f”kjfl fu/kk; “ks’kHkwrka
eks{;s·ga O;luxra p pk#nÙke~AA47AA
vUo;% & Hkks% ! vge~] fg] re~] dquìe~] gRok] rnzkT;s] nzqre~] re~] vk;Zde~] vfHkf’kP;] p] rL;] “ks’kHkwrke~] vkKke~]
f”kjfl] fu/kk;] vge~] O;luxe~] pk#nÙke] eks{;sA
vFkZ & “kfoZyd & js euq’;ksa ! eSa ml nq’V jktk ikyd dks ekjdj] mlds jkT; ij “kh?kz gh ml vk;Zd dk
vfHk’ksd dj mldh ¼vk;Zd dh½ vkf[kjh vkKk dks f”kjks/kk;Z djds foifÙk esa iM+s gq, pk#nÙk dks eqDr djrk
gw¡A47A
gRok fjiqa ra cyefU=ghua
ikSjkUlek”okL; iqu% izd’kkZr~A
izkIra lexza olq/kkf/kjkT;a jkT;a
cykjsfjo “k=qjkT;e~AA48AA
vUo;% & cyefU=ghue~] re~] fjiqe~] gRok] iqu%] izd’kkZr~] ikSjku~] lek”okL; cykjs%] jkT;e~] bo] lexze~]
olq/kkf/kjkT;e~] “k=qjkT;e~] izkIre~A
vFkZ & lsuk rFkk efU=;ksa ls jfgr ml “k=q ¼ikyd½ dks ekjdj vkSj fQj ¼vius½ vf/kd izHkko ls iqjokfl;ksa dks
<k¡<l c¡/kkdj] cy uked nSR; ds “k=q bUnz ds jkT; ds leku] lewph i`Foh ds “kklu ls ;qDr] “k=q ds lewps
jkT; dks vf/kdkj esa dj fy;kA48A
fn’VÓk Hkks O;luegk.kZoknikjk&
nqÙkh.k± xq.k/k`r;k lq”khyoR;kA
ukoso fiz;re;k fpjkfUujh{;s
T;ksRLuk<Óa “kf”kufeoksijkxeqDre~AA49AA
vUo;% & Hkks% ! fn’V~Ók] xq.k/k`r;k] lq”khyoR;k] ukok] bo] fiz;re;k] vikjkr~] O;luegk.kZokr~] mÙkh.kZe~]
¼pk#nÙke~½] mijkxeqDre~] T;ksRLuk<Óe~] “kf”kue~] bo] fpjkr~] fujh{;sA
vFkZ & gs euq’;ksa ! lkSHkkX;o”k xq.kksa ¼n;k] midkj vkfn rFkk ukSdk ds i{k esa & jfLl;ksa½ ls vkd`’V lqUnj
LoHkko okyh ¼i{k esa lq?kfVr½ ukSdk ds leku fiz;rek olUrlsuk ds }kjk vikj foifÙklkxj ls ikj gq, pk#nÙk
dks] xzg.k ls NwVs gq, rFkk pk¡nuh ls ;qDr pUnzek ds leku] cgqr fnuksa ds ckn eSa ns[k jgk gw¡A49A
;su rs Hkoua fHkÙok U;klkigj.ka d`re~A
lks·ga d`regkikiLRokeso “kj.ka xr%AA50AA
vUo;% & ;su] rs] Hkoue~] fHkÙok] U;klkigj.ke~] d`re~] l%] d`regkiki%] vge~] Roke~] ,o] “kj.ke~] xr%A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & vjs ! vki dkSu gSa \
“kfoZyd & ftlus rqEgkjs ?kj dh nhokj esa lsa/k yxkdj /kjksgj dh pksjh dh Fkh] ogh egku~ iki djus okyk eSa
rqEgkjh gh “kj.k esa vk;k gw¡A50A
vk;Zds.kk;Zo`Ùksu dqya ekua p j{krkA
i”kqo|KokVLFkks nqjkRek ikydks gr%AA51AA
vUo;% & vk;Zo`Ùksu] dqye~] ekue~] p] j{krk] vk;Zds.k] ;KokVLFk%] nqjkRek] ikyd%] i”kqor~] gr%A
vFkZ & “kfoZyd & vkSj Hkh & lTtuksa ds ;ksX; O;ogkj djus okys] vius dqy rFkk eku dks cpkrs gq,] vk;Zd
us ;K”kkyk esa fLFkr nq’V ikyd dks i”kq ds leku ekj fn;kA51A
bdkbZ&2 122
Ro|kua ;% lek#á xrLRoka “kj.ka iqjkA

i”kqof}rrs ;Ks grLrsuk| ikyd%AA52AA
vUo;% & ;%] iqjk] Ro|kue~] lek#á] Roke~] “kj.ke~] xr%] rsu] v|] forrs] ;Ks] ikyd%] i”kqor~] gr%A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & D;k \
“kfoZyd & tks vk;Zd igys rqEgkjh xkM+h ij p<+dj rqEgkjh “kj.k esa x;k Fkk] mlus gh vkt foLr`r ;K esa
ikyd dks i”kq ds leku ekj fn;kA52A
,Ooa nwyefnDdars mÌkes fov xÌgsA
vk.khns [kq gxs c)s gqMs v..ks Oo nqDdysAA53AA
,oa nwjefrØkUr mÌke bo xnZHk%A
vkuhr% [kYoga c)% dqDdqjks·U; bo nq’dj%AA53AA
vUo;% & mÌke%] xnZHk%] bo] ,oe~] nwje~] vfrØkUr%] vge~] [kyq] vkuhr%] ¼rFkk½] nq’dj%] vU;%] dqDdqj%] bo]
c)%A
vFkZ & “kdkj & vk”p;Z gS & cU/ku ls NwVs gq, x/ks dh Hkk¡fr bl izdkj nwj rd Hkkxk gqvk eSa idM+ yk;k x;k
vkSj nq’V dqÙks ds leku ck¡/k fn;k x;k gw¡A53A
vkd’kZUrq lqcn~/oSua “ofHk% la[kk|rkeFkA
“kwys ok fr’Brkes’k ikVÓrka Ødpsu okAA54AA
vUo;% & ,ue~] lqc)ok] ¼tuk%½] vkd’kZUrq] vFk] ,’k%] “ofHk%] la[kk|rke~] ok] “kwys] fr’Brke~] ok] Ødpsu]
ikVÓrke~A
vFkZ & D;k bl ¼”kdkj dks Hkyh izdkj ck¡/k dj ¼euq’;½ [khaps vFkok bls dqÙks [kk,¡A D;k bls “kwyh ij p<+k;k
tk; vFkok vkjk ls phjk tk;½A54A
“k=q% d`rkijk/k% “kj.keqisR; ikn;ks% ifrr%A
“kL=s.k u gUrO;% ------------------------AA
“kfoZyd% & ,oe~] rfgZ “ofHk% [kk|rke~A
pk#nÙk% & ufg]
------------------------------ midkjgrLrq drZO;%AA55AA
vUo;% & d`rkijk/k%] “k=q%] ¼;fn½ “kj.ke~] misR;] ikn;ks%] ifrr%] ¼rfgZ] l%½ “kL=s.k] u] gUrO;%] rq] midkjgr%]
drZO;%A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & vijk/k dks djus okyk “k=q ;fn “kj.k esa vkdj iSjksa ij iM+k gS rks mls “kL= ls ugha ekjuk
pkfg;s----
“kfoZyd & vPNk] rks dqÙkksa }kjk [kk;k tk;sA
pk#nÙk & ughaA
fdUrq mls midkj ls ejk gqvk dj nsuk pkfg;sA55A

u eghryfLFkfrlgkfu HkoPp&
fjrkfu pk#pfjrs ;nfiA
mfpra rFkkfi ijyksdlq[ka u
ifrozrs ! ro fogk; ifre~AA56AA
vUo;% & gs pk#pfjrs ! ;nfi] HkoPpfjrkfu] eghryfLFkfrlgkfu] u] ¼lfUr½] rFkkfi] gs ifrozrs ! ifre~] fogk;]
ro] ijyksdlq[ke~ u mfpre~A
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼?kcM+kgV ds lkFk½ gk; fiz;s ! esjs ftUnk jgus ij gh ¼rqeus½ ;g D;k fuf”pr dj fy;k \
¼Åij ns[k dj vkSj yEch lk¡l ysdj½
gs lqUnj pfjrokyh ! ;|fi vkids lPpfj= bl Hkwry ij jgus ds ;ksX; ugha gSa rFkkfi gs ifrozrk L=h ! ifr
¼eq>½ dks NksM+dj rqEgkjk ijyksd esa ¼vdsys½ lq[k Hkksxuk mfpr ugha gSA56A
Roj;k liZ.ka r= eksgek;ksZ·= pkxr%A
gk f/kDiz;RuoSQY;a n`”;rs loZrkseq[ke~AA57AA
vUo;% & r=] Roj;k] liZ.ke~] ¼mfpre~] fdUrq½] v=] vk;%] eksge~] mixr%A gk f/kd~! loZrkseq[ke~] iz;RuoSQY;e~]
n`”;rsA
vFkZ & “kfoZyd & vgks ! vlko/kkuh ! ogk¡ ¼?kwrk ds ikl½ tYnh ls tkuk mfpr gS] ijUrq ;gk¡ vk;Z ¼pk#nÙk½
ewfPNZr gks x;s gSaA gk; ! f/kDdkj gS ! pkjksa vksj ls iz;Ru ¼pk#nÙk dks cpkus ds iz;Ru½ dh foQyrk fn[kykbZ
nsrh gSA57A
gk izs;fl ! izs;fl fo|ekus
dks·;a dBksjks O;olk; vklhr~A
vEHkksftuhykspueqnz.ka fda
HkkukouLraxfers djksfr \AA58AA
vUo;% & gk izs;fl ! izs;fl] fo|ekus] ¼vfi½] d%] v;e~] dBksj%] O;olk;%] vklhr~A fde~] HkkukS] vuLraxfers]
¼vfi½] vEHkksftuh] ykspueqnz.ke~] djksfr \
vFkZ & pk#nÙk & ¼/kwrk ds izfr½ gk;] fiz;res ! fiz;re ds ¼vFkkZr~ esjs½ thfor jgus ij Hkh rqeus ;g D;k dBksj
¼vkx esa izos”k dk½ fu”p; dj fy;k Fkk \ D;k dHkh dey&yrk lw;Z ds fcuk vLr gq, Hkh ¼dey:i½ viuh
vk¡[ksa ew¡n ysrh gS \A58A
yC/kk pkfj«;”kqf)”pj.kfuifrr% “k=qjI;s’k eqDr%]
izksR[kkrkjkfrewy% fiz;lqânpykek;Zd% “kkfLr jktkA
izkIrk Hkw;% fiz;s;a fiz;lqâfn HkokUlaxrks es o;L;ks]
yH;a fda pkfrfjDra ;nije/kquk izkFkZ;s·ga HkoUre~ \AA59AA
bdkbZ&2 124
vUo;% & pkfj«;”kqf)%] yC/kk] pj.kfuifrr%] ,’k%] “k=q%] vfi] eqDr%] izksR[kkrkjkfrewy%] fiz;lqân~] vk;Zd%] jktk]
¼HkwRok½] vpyke~ “kkfLr] b;e~] fiz;k] Hkw;%] izkIrk] fiz;lqâfn] laxr%] Hkoku~] es] fiz;o;L;%] ¼tkr%½] vfrfjDre~]
fde~] yH;e~ \ ;r~] vije~] vge~] v/kquk] HkoUre~] izkFkZ;sA
vFkZ & “kfoZyd & rks crykb;s fd vkidk vkSj dkSu lk fiz; dk;Z d:¡ \
pk#nÙk & blls Hkh vf/kd D;k ¼dksbZ½ fiz; gS \
vius pfj= dh funksZ’krk izkIr dj yh x;hA iSjksa ij iM+k gqvk ;g “k=q Hkh ¼fcuk n.M fn;s½ NksM+ fn;k x;kA
“k=q ¼ikyd½ dh tM+ dks m[kkM+ Qsadus okyk fiz; fe= vk;Zd jktk gksdj i`fFkoh dk “kklu dj jgk gSA ;g
fiz;k ¼olUrlsuk½ fQj fey x;hA fiz; fe= ¼vk;Zd½ ls feys gq, vki esjs fe= gks x;s & vFkok esjs fe= vki
fiz;fe= ¼vk;Zd vFkok eq>½ ls fey x;sA blds vfrfjDr vkSj dkSu lh oLrq ikus ;ksX; gS] ftldks eSa bl le;
vki ls ek¡xw \A59A
dkaf”pÙkqPN;fr iziwj;fr ok dkaf”pUu;R;qUufra
dkaf”pRikrfo/kkS djksfr p iqu% dkaf”pUu;R;kdqyku~A
v;ksX;a izfri{klagfrfeeka yksdfLFkfra cks/k;&
Uus’k ØhMfr dwi;U=?kfVdkU;k;izlDrks fof/k%AA60AA
vUo;% & dwi;U=?kfVdkU;k;izlDr% ,’k%] fof/k% vU;ksU;e~] izfri{klagfre~] beke~] yksdfLFkfre~] cks/k;u~] ØhMfr]
¼v;e~½] dkaf”pr~] rqPN;fr] ok] dkaf”pr~] iziwj;fr] dkaf”pr~] mUufre~] u;fr] dkaf”pr~] ikrfo/kkS] djksfr] iqu]
dkaf”pr~] p] vkdqyku~] u;frA
vFkZ & jgV dh NksVh&NksVh ckfYV;ksa ds <ax ,d dk [kkyh gksuk nwljs dk Hkjuk dh udy djus esa yxk gqvk
;g nSo] vkil esa fojksf/k;ksa ¼/kuh&fu/kZu vkfn½ dh ik¡r ¼lewg½ ls ;qDr lalkj dh bl ¼lkeus orZeku½ voLFkk
dk cks/k djkrk gqvk f[kyokM+ djrk gSA ;g nSo fdUgha dks [kkyh ¼rqPN½ djrk gS vkSj fdUgha dks Hkjk&iwjk
djrk gSA fdUgha dks mUufr dh vksj ys tkrk gS rks fdUgha dks uhps fxjk nsrk vkSj fdUgha dks rks O;kdqy gh cuk
nsrk gSA60A
{khfj.;% lUrq xkoks] Hkorq olqerh loZlaiUulL;k]
itZU;% dkyo’khZ] ldytueuksufUnuks okUrq okrk%A
eksnUrka tUeHkkt%] lrrefHkerk czkã.kk% lUrq lUr%
JheUr% ikUrq i`Foha iz”kferfjioks /keZfu’Bk”p Hkwik%AA61AA
vUo;% & xko%] {khfj.;%] lUrqA olqerh] loZlEiUulL;k] HkorqA itZU;% dkyo’khZ ¼Hkorq½A ldytueuksufUnu%]
okrk%] okUrqA tUeHkkt%] eksnUrke~A czkã.kk%] lrre~] vfHkerk%] ¼rFkk½] lUr%] lUrqA JheUr%] iz”kferfjio% p]
/keZfu’Bk%] Hkwik%] i`fFkohe~] ikUrqA
vFkZ & fQj Hkh ;g gksos & Hkjr&okD;
xk,¡ ¼dkQh½ nw/kokyh gksaA i`fFkoh lc izdkj ds /kkU; ls Hkjh&iwjh gksA ckny le;& le; ij o’kkZ djus okyk
gksA lHkh yksxksa ds eu dks izlUu djus okyh gok,¡ cgsaA ¼lalkj esa½ iSnk gksus okys lHkh izk.kh lq[kh jgsaA czkã.k
yksx loZnk lc ds fiz; ,oa lnkpkjh gksA lEifÙk”kkyh] “k=qvksa dk neu djus okys rFkk /keZ esa J)k j[kusokys
jktk i`fFkoh dk ikyu djsaA61A

1 e`PNdfVd dk D;k vFkZ gS \
2 e`PNdfVd ds NBs vad dk D;k uke gS \
3 pk#nÙk ds iq= dk D;k uke gS \
4 e`PNdfVd ds nlosa vad dk D;k uke gS \
5 e`PNdfVd esa eS=s; dkSu gS \
2-5 lkjka”k
‘k’B vad
lEiw.kZ jkf= pk#nÙk ds lkFk O;rhr djus ds ckn olUrlsuk dks psVh txkrh gS vkSj lUns”k nsrh gS fd pk#nÙk
us mls ¼olUrlsuk dks½ iq’idj.Md uked th.kksZ|ku esa cqyk;k gS vkSj cSyxkM+h Hksth gSA olUrlsuk ;g lqudj
izlUu gksrh gSA rHkh pk#nÙk ds iq= dks ysdj jnfudk izos”k djrh gSA ckyd lksus dh xkM+h ls [ksyus dh gB
dj jgk gSA u feyus ij jksrs gq, ml ckyd dks psVh olUrlsuk ds ikl ysdj tkrh gSA mls pk#nÙk dk iq=
tkudj olUrlsuk izlUurk ls mls xksn esa fcBkdj mlds jksnu dk dkj.k iwNrh gSA jnfudk ls lkjh fLFkfr
tkudj olUrlsuk vius lksus ds lkjs vkHkw’k.k mrkjdj ckyd dh feV~Vh dh xkM+h esa j[k nsrh gSA
vfxze n`”; esa iwoZ ;kstukuqlkj pk#nÙk dk psV o/kZekud xkM+h ysdj vkrk gSA jnfudk ls bldh
lwpuk ikdj olUrlsuk rS;kj gksus yxrh gSA m/kj o/kZekud xkM+h esa fcNkus ds fy, fcNkou ysus pyk tkrk
gSA rHkh “kdkj dk psV LFkkojd “kdkj dh xkM+h dks iq’idj.Md m|ku dh vksj tkrs gq, ekxZ esa xkfM+;ksa dh
HkhM+ ds dkj.k pk#nÙk dh okfVdk ds i{k}kj ij [kM+h dj nsrk gSA og viuh xkM+h ls mrjdj nwljh xkM+h ds
Q¡ls gq, ifg, dks ckgj fudkyus esa enn djus ds fy, pyk tkrk gSA olUrlsuk mls pk#nÙk dh xkM+h
le>dj ml esa cSB tkrh gSA olUrlsuk dh nkfguh vk¡[k QM+drh gS ijUrq og bl fo’k; esa fpfUrr ugha
gksrhA rHkh LFkkojd vkdj xkM+h pykrk gSA mls xkM+h esa dqN Hkkj vuqHko gksrk gS ijUrq og bls viuh Fkdku
dk ifj.kke le> ysrk gSA
rHkh dkjkxkj ls Hkkxk gq, vk;Zd jktiq#’kksa dh n`f’V ls cpus ds fy, pk#nÙk dh okfVdk ds i{k}kj esa
izos”k djds fNi tkrk gSA o/kZekud olUrlsuk ds fy, xkM+h ysdj vkrk gSA mlesa vk;Zd cSB tkrk gSA csfM+;ksa
dh vkokt dks vkHkw’k.kksa dh [kud le>dj o/kZekud ;g vuqeku djrk gS fd olUrlsuk cSB xbZ gSA og xkM+h
gk¡d nsrk gSA vk;Zd dh [kkst esa ikyd ds nks lsukifr pUnud vkSj ohjd ml xkM+h dks jksd ysrs gSaA pUnud
xkM+h dk fujh{k.k djrk gSA vk;Zd ds }kjk j{kk dh ;kpuk djus ij og mls ,d ryokj vkSj vHk;nku nsrk gS
ohjd pUnud dk fo”okl ugha djrk vkSj Lo;a fujh{k.k djuk pkgrk gSA bl ckr ij nksuksa esa dyg gksrh gSA
pUnud dk ladsr ikdj o/kZekud xkM+h dks vkxs c<+k nsrk gSA blh ds lkFk vad lekIr gks tkrk gSA izLrqr
vad esa xkfM+;ksa dh vnyk&cnyh gksus ls bldk uke îzog.kfoi;Z;* gSA
lIre vad
vad ds izkjEHk esa pk#nÙk vkSj fonw’kd th.kksZ|ku dh “kksHkk dks voyksdu dj jgs gSaA olUrlsuk ds vkxeu esa
foyEc gksus ls pk#nÙk fpfUrr gSA o/kZekud ds xkM+h ysdj izos”k djrs gh nksuksa izlUu gksrs gSaA xkM+h esa
olUrlsuk dh vis{kk vk;Zd fo|eku gSA vk;Zd pk#nÙk ls djc) izkFkZuk djrk gSA pk#nÙk LoHkkouqlkj mls
bdkbZ&2 126
vHk; nku nsrk gS vkSj o/kZekud ls mlds iSjksa dh csfM+;k¡ Hkh dVokrk gSA pk#nÙk ls vk;Zd iqu% {kek;kpuk
djrk gSA pk#nÙk bl ckr dks viuk lkSHkkX; ekudj vk;Zd dkss iqu% xkM+h esa gh p<+dj tkus dks dgrk gSA
mls fonk djds pk#nÙk vkSj fonw’kd nksuksa jktHk; ls “kh?kz gh ogk¡ ls pys tkrs gSaA vk;Zd ds lqjf{kr pk#nÙk
ds ikl igq¡p tkus ls bl vad dk uke ^vk;Zdksigj.k* j[kk x;k gSA
v’Ve vad
izFke n`”; esa gh vknzZ phoj dks gkFk esa fy, gq, ,d fHk{kq izos”k djrk gSA “kdkj vkSj foV Hkh ogk¡ vkrs gSaA
“kdkj ml fHk{kq ij m|ku dh iq’dfj.kh esa phoj /kksus dk vkjksi yxkdj ihVrk gSA foV }kjk cpkus ij og
fHk{kq “kdkj dh Lrqfr djrk gS vkSj vius izk.k cpkdj ogk¡ ls f[kld ysrk gSA “kdkj vkSj foV] psV LFkkojd
dh izrh{kk djrs gSaA rHkh psV xkM+h dks ysdj vkrk gSA “kdkj xkM+h esa fo|eku olUrlsuk dks pksj ;k jk{klh
le>dj Mj tkrk gSA foV olUrlsuk dks igpku ysrk gS vkSj mlds ;gk¡ vkxeu dks vuqfpr crkrk gSA
okLrfod fLFkfr tkudj foV olUrlsuk dks /kS;Z /kkj.k djus dks dgrk gSA og “kdkj dks >wB foKkfir djrk
gS fd xkM+h esa lpeqp dksbZ jk{klh gS vr% iSny gh uxj dh vksj izLrku fd;k tk;sA “kdkj bl dFku ls
vlarq’V jgrk gS foV iqu% “kdkj dks foKkfir djrk gS fd olUrlsuk xqIrjhfr ls vkils je.k djus vkbZ gSA
olUrlsuk ds izfrokn djus dk dkekU/k “kdkj olUrlsuk ds iSjksa ij fxjdj {kek ;kpuk djrk gSA Øq)
olUrlsuk ds }kjk “kdkj ds flj ij iSj ls izgkj djus ij Øksf/kr “kdkj mls xkM+h ls mrjus dks ck/; djrk
gSA olUrlsuk ds xkM+h ls mrj tkus ij “kdkj] foV rFkk psV ls i`Fkd~&i`Fkd~ izkFkZuk djrk gS fd os olUrlsuk
dks ekj MkysaA nksuksa ds euk djus ij “kdkj }kjk ihVs tkus ls psV vkSj ,d cgkus ls foV ds pys tkus ij
“kdkj olUrlsuk ls iz.k; fuosnu djrk gSA olUrlsuk }kjk vLohdkj djus ij “kdkj mldk xyk ?kksaV nsrk
gSA olUrlsuk ewfPNZr gksdj Hkwfe ij fxj iM+rh gSA
dqN le; i”pkr~ foV vkSj psV okfil vkrs gSa rks ns[krs gSa fd ,d o`{k ds uhps olUrlsuk ejh iM+h gSA
foV }kjk iwNus ij “kdkj igys rks euk djrk gS ijUrq vUrr% bl ckr dks Lohdkj dj ysrk gS fd mlus
olUrlsuk dks ekj Mkyk gS vkSj cM+k ohjrkiw.kZ dk;Z lEiUu fd;k gSA og foV dks olUrlsuk dk ewfPNZr “kjhj
fn[kykrk gSA foV cgqr nq%[kh gksrk gS vkSj “kdkj dks ml mTtf;uh y{eh dh gR;k djus ds fy, Hkwfj”k%
f/kDdkjrk gSA “kdkj foV dks Lo.kZ bR;kfn dk ykyp nsdj olUrlsuk dh gR;k dk vkjksi fdlh vU; ij
izekf.kr djokuk pkgrk gSA foV bldks Li’V bUdkj dj nsrk gSA bl ij “kdkj ml gR;k dk vkjksi mlh ij
e<rk gS rFkk jktk ds lkeus izLrqr gksus dh /kedh nsrk gSA foV “kdkj dk lkFk NksM+dj rFkk mls Mjk /kedk
dj “kfoZyd vkfn ls feyus pyk tkrk gSA “kdkj psV dks Hkh izyksHku nsrk gS ij psV Hkh mlds ikl d`R; dk
vuqeksnu ugha djrkA “kdkj psV dks ?kj Hkst nsrk gSA og olUrlsuk ds “kjhj dks lw[ks iÙkksa ls <d dj NksM+
nsrk gS vkSj Lo;a pk#nÙk ds fo#) gR;k dk vfHk;ksx pykus U;k;ky; tkrk gSA
vad ds vfUre n`”; esa fHk{kq izos”k djrk gSA og viuk phoj QSykus ds fy, LFkku [kkstrk gSA brus esa
olUrlsuk gkFk fn[kykrh gSA fHk{kq iÙks gVk dj olUrlsuk dks igpkurk gSA olUrlsuk yrk dk lgkjk ysdj
mB [kM+h gksrh gSA fHk{kq olUrlsuk dks foJke djkus ds fy, fogkj ys tkrk gSA
uoe vad
izLrqr vad esa olUrlsuk dh gR;k ds vkjksi esa pk#nÙk ij laLFkkukd & }kjk vfHk;ksx yxk;s tkus dk o.kZu
gqvk gSaA
vad ds izkjEHk esa U;k;ky; dk deZpkjh “kks/kud U;k;&e.Mi dh lQkbZ djrk fn[kkbZ iM+rk gSA blh
chp “kdkj viuh dkeqd yEiVrk dh fodRFkuk djrs gq, izos”k djrk gS] Js’Bh] dk;LFk rFkk U;k;k/kh”k e.Mi
esa vkrs gSaA U;k;k/kh”k “kks/kud dks vkns”k nsrk gS fd og ckgj tkdj ekywe djsa fd vkt ds fopkj izkFkhZ
dkSu&dkSu gSaA “kks/kud ds ?kks’k.kk djus ij loZizFke “kdkj vfHk;ksx fy[kkus vkxs vkrk gSA “kks/kud mls
ns[kdj ?kcjk tkrk gS rFkk U;k;k/kh”k dks lwpuk nsrk gS U;k;k/kh”k o vU; lnL; Hkh izkjEHk esa gh mldk
vkxeu v”kqHk le>rs gSa rFkk “kks/kud dks “kdkj ls ;g dgus ds fy, vkns”k nsrs gSa fd mlds vfHk;ksx ij
vkt fopkj ugha gksxkA bl ij “kdkj Øq) gks tkrk gS rFkk U;k;k/kh”k dks jktk ls nafMr djkus dh /kedh nsrk
gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa U;k;k/kh”k ?kcjk dj mlds vfHk;ksx ij fopkj djuk Lohdkj dj ysrk gSA
“kdkj vf/kdj.k e.Mi esa izos”k dj ;g lwpuk nsrk gS fd iq’idj.Md m|ku esa fdlh us /ku ds yksHk
ls olUrlsuk dks ckgqik”k&cykRdkj ls ekj Mkyk gSA U;k;k/kh”k ds ;g iwNus ij fd mls dSls tku iM+k fd
/ku ds fy;s mldh gR;k dh xbZ gS] “kdkj mÙkj nsrk gS & ^vkHkw’k.kfoghu gksus ls xys esa gkj lw=koyh ugha gksus
ls vkSj izR;sd LFky dk xguk mrjk gksus lsA** bl ij ;g tkuus ds fy;s fd olUrlsuk dgka o fdlds lkFk
xbZ Fkh vf/kdjf.kd olUrlsuk dh ek¡ dks cqyokrs gSaA olUrlsuk dh ek¡ vkdj dgrh gS fd og vk;Z pk#nÙk ds
ikl vius ;kSou dk lq[k izkIr djus xbZ gSA
bl ij pk#nÙk dks U;k;ky; esa cqyk;k tkrk gSA pk#nÙk ds izos”k djus ij U;k;ky; U;k;k/kh”k mls
vknj&iwoZd vklu fnykrk gS vkSj eu esa lksprk gS fd ,sls HkO; Lo:i okyk O;fDr ,sls t?kU; d`R; dk
vijk/kh ugha gks ldrkA U;k;k/kh”k ds ;g iz”u djus ij fd D;k olUrlsuk mldh izsfedk gS \ pk#nÙk
loZizFke dqN yfTtr lk vuqHko djrk gS rFkk ijks{k jhfr ls Lohdkj djrs gq;s mÙkj nsrk gS fd ^^bl fo’k; esa
dsoy ;kSou vijk/kh gSa] pfj= ugha**A U;k;k/kh”k pk#nÙk dks Li’V :is.k dgus dks ck/; djrk gS] ,slh fLFkfr esa
“kdkj dks Hkh dqN cksyus dk volj feyrk gS rFkk og pk#nÙk dks gR;kjk vkfn dgdj lEcksf/kr djrk gSA
U;k;k/kh”k ds ;gk¡ iwNus ij fd vc olUrlsuk dgk¡ gS \ pk#nÙk crkrk gS fd og vius ?kj xbZ gSA ijUrq og
;g crykus esa viuh vleFkZrk izdV djrk gS fd og iSny xbZ ;k xkM+h esaA “kdkj U;k;k/kh”k ij ;g vkjksi
yxkrk gS fd og pk#nÙk dk i{k ys jgk gSA bl ij U;k;k/kh”k mldh ;g dgrs gq;s HkRlZuk djrk gS fd
pk#nÙk tSls nku”khy O;fDr ij mlus vlR; vfHk;ksx yxk;k gSA
olUrlsuk dh ekrk Hkh ;g Lohdkj djrh gS fd og {k.k&Hkaxqj oSHko ds gsrq oSlk xfgZr dk;Z ugha dj
ldrkA brus esa Øks/k Hkjk ohjd ogka vkrk gSA og pUnud ds lkFk gq;s vius >xM+s dh lwpuk nsrk gSA og ;g
Hkh dgrk gS fd pk#nÙk dh xkM+h esa cSBdj olUrlsuk iq’idj.Md m|ku tk jgh FkhA “kdkj ds leFkZu esa vc
;g nwljk izek.k fey tkrk gS vkSj U;k;k/kh”k cM+s [ksn ds lkFk ohjd dks vkns”k nsrk gS fd og U;k;ky; ds
}kj ij vofLFkr ?kksM+s ij p<+dj ml m|ku dh vksj ns[ks fd ogka dksbZ L=h ejh iM+h gS ;k ughaA ohjd tkdj
o iqu% izos”k djds ogka ,d L=h ds e`r “kjhj ds iM+s jgus dh ckr dk leFkZu djrk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa
U;k;k/kh”k Lor% grcqf) gks tkrk gS rFkk og pk#nÙk ls vuqjks/k djrk gS fd og lR; dk mn~?kkVu djsaA
U;k;k/kh”k ds ,sls dgus ij pk#nÙk viuh lQkbZ bl :i esa izLrqr djrk gS fd ^^tks eSa Qwy pquus ds
fy, izQqYy yrk dks Hkh ugha >qdkrk] rc eSa uhys ds”kokyh dkfeuh dh gR;k dSls dj ldrk gwa \ “kdkj iqu%
U;k;k/kh”k ij i{kikr dk vkjksi yxkrk gS rFkk pk#nÙk dks vklu ls uhps mrkjus ds fy, vkxzg djrkg gSA
,slh fLFkfr esa U;k;k/kh”k pk#nÙk dks vklu ls uhps mrjus dk vkns”k nsrk gSA pk#nÙk tehu ij cSB tkrk gS
viuh iRuh /kwrk rFkk iq= jksglsu dks iqdkjrs gq, nq%[k ls fog~oy gks mBrk gSA
bdkbZ&2 128
blh chp nqnSZo ls fonw’kd olUrlsuk ds vkHkj.k gsrq ogka vk Vidrk gSA “kdkj ij og Øksf/kr gks tkrk
gS rFkk ijLij nksuksa esa ekjihV gksrh gSA ekjihV esa fonw’kd dh cxy ls olUrlsuk ds vkHkj.k i`Foh ij fxj
iM+rs gSaA “kdkj dks vc vfHk;ksx ds leFkZu esa rhljk vkSj izek.k fey x;k gS rFkk U;k;k/kh”k dh ekufld
fLFkfr vkSj Hkh MkaokMksy gks tkrh gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa og fu.kZ; ugha dj ikrk fd og D;k djsA pk#nÙk Lo;a
Lohdkj djrk gS fd vkHkj.k olUrlsuk ds gSaA ijUrq ;g crykus esa vleFkZrk O;Dr djrk gS fd os olUrlsuk
ls foeqDr dSls gq;sA vc U;k;k/kh”k dks ;g fu.kZ; ysuk iM+rk gS fd pk#nÙk oLrqr% vijk/kh gSA olUrlsuk dh
ekrk fu.kZ; dk fojks/k djrh jksrh gqbZ U;k;&e.Mi ls ckgj fudy tkrh gSA
vUrr% os viuk fu.kZ; fy[k dj jktk ikyd ds ikl Hkstrs gSa] D;ksafd euq ds vuqlkj ikih czkã.k Hkh
ekjk ugha tk ldrkA jktk pk#nÙk dks izk.k&n.M dh vkKk nsrk gSA pk#nÙk ikyd dh bl vkKk dk HkRlZuk
djrk gqvk] eS=s; ls vuqjks/k djrk gS fd og ?kj tkdj mldh ekrk dks mldk vfHkoknu lquk ns vkSj jksglsu
dks Hkh feyk nsA vf/kdjf.kd pk.Mkyksa dks vkns”k nsus ds fy, dg dj pys tkrs gSA U;k;k/kh”k dh vkKk ls
pk.Mky pk#nÙk dks gVk ysrs gSaA
pk#nÙk ij vfHk;ksx yxk;s tkus ds dkj.k izLrqr vad dh vfHk/kk ^Ô;ogkj** iM+h gSA ^Ô;ogkj dk vFkZ
gS vfHk;ksx ;k eqdnek**A
n”ke vad
vad ds izkjEHk esa pk#nÙk dks o/k LFkku ys tk;s gq;s pk.Mky fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA pk#nÙk ds lkjs “kjhj ij yky
pUnu ls Nkis ekjs x;s gSa rFkk fry pkoy ,oa dqadqe dk ysi yxk gS ftlls og o/;i”kq rqY; yxrk gSA
“e”kku esa ys tkrs gq;s mls lEiw.kZ mTtf;uh uxjh ds yksx] fo”ks’kr% fL=;ka ns[k&ns[k dj jksrh gSaA fonw’kd
pk#nÙk ds iq= jksglsu dks ysdj ogka vkrk gSA fonw’kd vkSj jksglsu pk.Mkyksa ls pk#nÙk dks NksM+us dh izkFkZuk
djrs gSa rFkk pk#nÙk ds LFkku ij viuk o/k djus dk vuqjks/k djrs gSaA pk.Mky ckyd ds fir`&izse dh
ljkguk djrs gSaA FkksM+h nsj ckn os nwljs ?kks’k.kk&LFky ij igqaprs vkSj ?kks’k.kk nqgjkrs gSaA ?kks’k.kk dks lqu dj
“kdkj ds egy esa cU/kk LFkkojd fpYyk dj dgk gS fd olUrlsuk dks pk#nÙk us ugha “kdkj us ekjk gSA ijUrq
mldh ckr fdlh ds dku rd ugha igqaprhA rc og ,d xok{k ls dwn dj pk.Mkyksa ds ikl vkrk gS vkSj iqu%
ogh ckr dgrk gSA blh le; “kdkj ogka vkdj mlds dFku dks vlR; crykrk gS rFkk ml ij Lo.kZ dks
pqjkus dk vkjksi yxkrk gSA pk.Mky “kdkj dh ckr dks lp eku ysrs gSaA “kdkj LFkkojd dks ekj dj Hkxk nsrk
gS vkSj og pk.Mkyksa ls pk#nÙk dks “kh?kz ekjus ds fy, ckj&ckj dgrk gSA
rhljs ?kks’k.kk LFky ij igqap dj “kdkj ds funsZ”k ij pk.Mky ihVus dk Hk; fn[kk dj pk#nÙk ls ;g
?kks’k.kk djkrs gSa & ^^gs uxjokfl;ksa ! eSus gh olUrlsuk dks ekjk gSA** ,d pk.Mky dgrk gS fd ^ô/; iq#’k dks
lglk ekjuk Bhd ugha D;ksafd vusd n”kkvksa esa muds izk.k cp tkrs gSa vkSj bu voLFkkvksa esa ,d voLFkk jkT;
ifjorZu dh Hkh gksrh gS tc lHkh cUnh eqDr dj fn;s tkrs gSaA** jkT; ifjorZu dh ckr lqudj “kdkj ?kcjkrk
gS rFkk pk.Mkyksa ls pk#nÙk dks “kh?kz ekjus ds fy, dgrk gSA
vad ds f}rh; n`”; esa fHk{kq vkSj olUrlsuk pk#nÙk ds ?kj tkrs fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA ekxZ esa HkhM+ ns[kdj
olUrlsuk fHk{kq dks irk yxkus ds fy;s dgrh gSA brus esa pk.Mky iqu% pk#nÙk ds vijk/k vkSj mls feys n.M
dh ?kks’k.kk djrs gSaA fHk{kq lqu dj ?kcjkrk gS rFkk lEiw.kZ o`ÙkkUr dks olUrlsuk ls dgrk gSA nksuksa o/k LFkku
dh vkSj vxzlj gksrs gSaA blh chp pk#nÙk dks tehu ij fyVkdj pk.Mkyksa us mlds o{k ij ryokj ls izgkj
fd;k gS] ijUrq ryokj mlds gkFk ls NwV dj vyx fxj tkrh gSA rc pk.Mky pk#nÙk dks “kwy ij p<+kuk
pkgrs gSaA blh le; fHk{kq vkSj olUrlsuk ogka igqaprs gSaA olUrlsuk pk#nÙk ds o{k ij fxj iM+rh gS vkSj fHk{kq
muds pj.kksa ij fxj iM+rk gSA olUrlsuk dks thfor ns[k pk.Mky pk#nÙk dks NksM+ dj jktk dks lekpkj nsus
pys tkrs gSaA olUrlsuk dks ns[kdj “kdkj Hkh ogka ls Hkkx tkrk gSA pk#nÙk olUrlsuk vkSj fHk{kq dks igpku
dj vkuUneXu gks tkrk gSA
vad ds vfxze n`”; dks “kfoZyd dk izos”k gksrk gSA og pk#nÙk dks vk;Zd ds }kjk jktk ikyd ds ekjs
tkus dk lekpkj nsrk gSA pk#nÙk bl lekpkj dk Lokxr djrk gSA “kfoZyd mls ;g Hkh lwpuk nsrk gS fd
mTtf;uh esa lÙkk izkIr djrs gh vk;Zd us dq”kkoyh uxjh dk jkT; mls lkSai fn;k gSA blh le; dqN yksx
“kdkj dks idM+ dj ogka ykrs gSaA “kdkj pk#nÙk ds pj.kksa esa fxj dj izk.k& j{kk dh Hkh[k ekaxrk gSA pk#nÙk
mls vHk;nku nsrk gSaA
vad dk vfUre n`”; /kwrk ds fprkjksg.k rFkk olUrlsuk ds lkFk gq;s mlds feyu ls lEcU/k j[krk gSA
mDr izlax vf/kdka”k fo}ku~ izf{kIr crykrs gSaA “kfoZyd bl vkuUne; volj ij olUrlsuk dks vk;Zd ds uke
ij o/kw :i esa pk#nÙk dks lkSairk gS rFkk mldk ?kwa?kV [khap nsrk gSA olUrlsuk bl vuqxzg ls vius dks d`rkFkZ
le>rh gSA pk#nÙk dh bPNkuqlkj fHk{kq laokgd dks i`Foh ij lc fogkjksa dk dqyifr cuk fn;k tkrk gSA nksuksa
pk.Mky lc pk.Mkyksa ds vf/kifr cuk fn;s tkrs gSaA pUnud dks i`fFkoh n.Mikyd dk in fn;k tkrk gSA
“kdkj dk Hkh vf/kdkj vLFkk;h :i ls iwoZor~ cuk jgus fn;k tkrk gSA blh lkuUn okrkoj.k esa ukVd Hkjr
okD; ds lkFk lekIr gks tkrk gSA
2-6 eq[; “kCnkoyh
• egkdikV% & fo”kky fdokM+
• ujfrân;a & jktk ds ân; dks
• xksikynkjd & xksiky dk iq=
• [kqfVr% & cU/ku NksM+dj Hkxk;k x;k
• xq.kkjfoUne~ & xq.kksa esa dey ds leku
• Hkf.kre~ & dgk x;k
• “kh’ksZ.k & f”kj ls
• nks’kdjf.Mdke~ & nks’kksa dh fiVkjh
• vizhfr% & fe=rk dk u gksuk
• ifrrlk/kqtukuqdfEiu~ & vkifÙk esa fxjs gq, lTtuksa ij dìk djus okys
bdkbZ&2 130

1 feÍh dh xkM+h
2 ;ku&ifjorZu
3 jksglsu
4 milagkj
5 fonw’kd] pk#nÙk dk fe=
1 dfo “kwnzd dh Hkk’kk&”kSyh dk fo”ys’k.k dhft,A
2 e`PNdfVd dh ukV~;&dyk dh n`f’V ls leh{kk dhft,A
3 e`PNdfVd ds uk;d pk#nÙk dk pfj=&fp=.k dhft,A
4 olUrlsuk ds pfj= ij izdk”k Mkfy,A
5 e`PNdfVd ds NBs vad ls nlosa vad rd dh dFkkoLrq dk foospu dhft,A
bdkbZ & 3
lkfgR;niZ.k ¼1&2 ifjPNsn½
bdkbZ dh :ijs[kk
3-1 ifjp;
3-3 lkfgR;niZ.k
3-5 lkjka”k
3-6 eq[; “kCnkoyh
3-1 ifjp;
fo”oukFk dk dkO;y{k.k foospu
vkpk;Z fo”oukFk dfojkt us vius lkfgR;niZ.k ds izFke ifjPNsn esa ^^dkO; Lo:i** dk foospu djrs gq,
dkO;izdk”kdkj vkpk;Z eEeV ds dkO; y{k.k ^^rnnks’kkS “kCnkFkkSZ lxq.kkouyad`rh iqu% Dokfi**] oØksfDrthfordkj
vkpk;Z dqUrd ds ^ôØksfDr% dkO;thfore~**] Hkkstjkt ds ^^vnks’ka xq.koRdkO;eyadkjSjyad`re~] jlkfUora dfo% dqoZu~
dhfr± izhfra p foUnfr** dk foLrkjiwoZd [k.Mu fd;k gSA
blh izdkj dkO; dh vkRek /ofu ekuus okys /ofudkj ds ^^dkO;L;kRek /ofu%** dk rFkk dkO; dh vkRek
jhfr dks ekuus okys vkpk;Z okeu ds ^^jhfrjkRek dkO;L;** dkO; dk [k.Mu fd;k gSA
mi;qZDr erksa dh leh{kk djrs gq, mudk fujkdj.k djus ds mijkUr vius fl)kUr:i ls Lohd`r dkO;
ds Lo:i ^ôkD;a jlkReda dkO;e~** dh LFkkiuk dh gSA lEizfr bl foosP; izdj.k dk ;gka la{ksi esa mYys[k
fd;k tk jgk gS &
¼1½ dkO;izdk”kdkj vkpk;Z eEeV ds dkO;y{k.k dk [k.Mu
vkpk;Z eEeV us dkO; dk y{k.k ^^rnnks’kkS “kCnkFkkSZ lxq.kkouyad`rh iqu% Dokfi** vFkkZr~ nks’k jfgr] xq.klfgr vkSj
dgha&dgha vyadkj “kwU; vFkok vLQqVkyadkj okys “kCn vkSj vFkZ dkO; dgykrs gSaA bl dkO; y{k.k ij foospu
djrs gq, vkpk;Z fo”oukFk dgrs gSa fd ¼1½ ^^vnks’kkS** ;fn nks’k ls jfgr dkO; dks gh dkO; ekuk tk;s rks &
U;Ddkjks á;eso es ;nj;Lr=kI;lkS rkil%
lks·I;=So fugfUr jk{kldqya thoR;gks jko.k%A
bdkbZ&3 132
f/kfX/kDNØftra izcksf/krcrk fda dqEHkd.ksZu ok

LoxZxzkefVdkfoyq.Buo”FkksDNwuS% fdesfHkHkZqtS%AA
bl “yksd ds vanj nks LFkkuksa ij ^Û;wDdkjks á;eso** esa rFkk LoxZxzkefVdk& foyq.Buo`FkksPNwuS%* esa
^^fo/ks;kfoe”kZ** nks’k gSA ifj.kker% ;g “yksd dkO; dh dksfV esa ugha vk ldrk] tcfd bldks lHkh vkpk;ks± us
/ofuRosu mÙke dkO; ekuk gSA fo/k;kfoe”kZ nks’k mls dgrs gSa] tgka fo/ks; dk viz/kku:i ls dFku gksrk gSA
^Û;Ddkjks á;eso** esa ^Û;Ddkj** fo/ks; gS vkSj ^^v;e~** mn~ns”; gSA fu;ekuqlkj mÌs”; ^^v;e~** dks igys vkuk
pkfg, vkSj ^Û;Ddkj** dks fo/ks; gksus ds dkj.k ckn esa vkuk pkfg;sA ijUrq ;gka ij jpuk oSijhR; ds dkj.k
viz/kkU; dk igys funsZ”k dj fn;k x;k gSA blh izdkj ^^LoxZxzkefVdkfoyq.Buo`FkksPNwuS%** esa ^ô`Fkk** ij fo/ks; gS]
tks lekt esa vkdj xkS.k gks x;k gSA vr% ;gka ij Hkh ^^fo/k;kfoe”kZ** nks’k gSA lEizfr ;fn mDr dkO; ds y{k.k
^^vnks’kkS** ds vuqlkj nks’klkfgR; dks gh dkO; ekusaxs rks ;g mDr i| dkO; ugha gksxk] ijUrq bldh D;ksafd
/ofuRosu mÙkedkO;rk vkuUno/kZukpk;Z us vius xzUFk ^^/oU;kyksd** esa Lohdkj dh gS] vr% mDr dkO; ifjHkk’kk
^^vO;kfIr** nks’k ls xzLr gksus ds dkj.k ekuuh; ugha gSA
;fn ;g dgk tk;s fd mDr i| esa ftrus va”k esa fo/ks;kfoe”kZ nks’k gS ogka rks mls vdkO; eku fy;k
tk;s vkSj ftrus va”k esa /ofu gS] ogka mls dkO; eku fy;k tk;s rks ;g Bhd ugha gS D;ksafd bl izdkj nks
fo#) va”kksa ls nksuksa rjQ [khapk tkrk gqvk dkO; vkSj vdkO; dqN Hkh jgsxk vkSj fQj Jqfrnq’VRokfn dkO; ds
nks’k dkO; ds fdlh ,d va”k dks nks’k ls nwf’kr ugha djrs gSa] vfirq laiw.kZ dkO; dks gh nwf’kr djrs gSaA bl
izdkj ;fn nks’k jfgr gh dkO; dks dkO; ekuk tk;sxk] rc rks ;k rks nks’kjfgr dkO; dk mnkgj.k feysxk gh
ugha ;k fQj Hkh cgqr de feysxk D;ksafd loZFkk funksZ’k dkO; dk feyuk laHko gh ugha] vlaHko gSA
;fn loZ= dkO; esa nks’k laHko gS rks ^^rnnks’kkS “kCnkFkkS±** ds vanj ^^vnks’kkS** in esa ^û¥~** lekt dk
iz;ksx] ^^bZ’knFkZ** esa eku ysaxs vFkkZr~ ^^bZ’kn~nks’kkS”kCnkFkkS±** ,slh ^vnks’kkS* dh O;k[;k dj ysaxs] ifj.kker% dkO; y{k.k
esa vO;kfIr nks’k ugha gksxkA Bhd gS] ;fn ^^vnks’kkS** dh ^^bZ’kn~nks’kka** O;k[;k dj ysaxs rks rc rks bldk vFkZ ;g
gqvk fd dkO; esa FkksM+k u FkksM+k nks’k vo”; gksuk pkfg, vkSj bl izdkj fQj loZFkk funqZ’V dkO;] dkO; ugha
dgyk;sxkA ;fn dkO; dk y{k.k ^^lfr lEHkos b’kÌks’kkS “kCnkFkkS± dkO;e~** vFkkZr~ nks’kksa dh lEHkkouk gksus ij FkksM+s
nks’k okys “kCn vkSj vFkZ dkO; gksrs gSa] cgqr nks’k okys ugha] eku ys rks ;g Hkh Bhd ugha gS D;ksafd dkO; esa
orZeku Jqfrnq’VRokfn nks’k dkO; ds dkO;Ro dks u’V ugha djrs vfirq mlds mRd’kZ esa dqN U;wurk yk nsrs gSa]
ftl izdkj fd jRu ds vUnj dksbZ dhM+k yx tk;s rks mls ml jRu dh jRurk u’V ugha gksrh vfirq ml jRu
dh mikns;rk esa deh vk tkrh gSA bl izdkj ;fn “kCnkFkZ ds vUnj dksbZ nks’k fo|eku gS] fdUrq mlesa jlkuqHkwfr
esa fdlh izdkj dh ck/kk ugha iM+rh gS rks ogka ij dkO;Ro dks Lohdkj djus esa dksbZ {kfr ugha gSA ifj.kker%
^^rnnks’kkS “kCnkFkkS±** ifjHkk’kk ds vuqlkj dkO; dks vnks’kkS gksuk pkfg;s( ijUrq D;ksafd funqZ’V dkO; dk feyuk
laHko ugha gS] vr% ;fn jl dh vuqHkwfr esa ck/kk ugha iM+rh rks nks’k nq’V gksus ij Hkh dkO; ds vUnj dkO;Ro
ekuk tk;sxkA bl izdkj mDr y{k.k esa ^^vnks’kkS** in ds vUnj ^^vO;kfIrnks’k** gSA
frlz% “kCnL; “kDr;%
lkfgR;niZ.k vkpk;Z fo”oukFk dfojkt us vius xzUFk lkfgR;niZ.k ds f}rh; ifjPNsn esa vU; vkpk;ks± ds leku
rhu “kCn “kfDr;ksa vFkkZr~ vfHk/kk] y{k.kk vkSj O;atuk dk foospu fd;k gSA rnuUrj iape ifjPNsn esa ^^vFk
ds;efHkuok O;atuk uke** & bl izdkj dh “kadk mBkdj O;atuko`fÙk dh LFkkiuk dh gSA lEizfr bu vfHk/kk]
y{k.k vkSj O;atuk dh Øe”k% O;k[;k dh tk jgh gS &
dkO; esa “kCn rhu izdkj dk gksrk gS & okpd] yk{kf.kd vkSj O;atd “kCn ds okpd vkSj yk{kf.kd “kCn
mithO; gksrs gSaA bu rhu izdkj ds “kCnksa ls izfrik| rhu izdkj ds gh vFkZ gksrs gSa & ^r|Fkk okpd “kCn dk
vFkZ okP; yk{kf.kd “kCn dk vFkZ y{; vkSj O;atd “kCn dk vFkZ O;aX; gksrk gSA bl izdkj Øe”k% okP;] y{;
vksj O;aX; rhu izdkj ds vFkZ gksrs gSaA okpd “kCn dk okP; vFkZ ftl “kfDr ls izrhr gksrk gS] og vfHk/kk”kfDr
dgykrh gS] yk{kf.kd “kCn dk y{;kFkZ ftl “kfDr ds izrhr gksrk gS] og y{k.kk “kfDr dgykrh gS vkSj O;atd
“kCn dk O;aX;kFkZ ftl “kfDr ls izrhr gksrk gS] og O;atuk “kfDr dgykrh gSA dgk Hkh gS &
okP;ks·Fksf·fHk/k;k cks/;ks y{;ks y{k.k;k er%
O;ax;ks O;atu;k rk% L;qfLrlz% “kCnL; “kDr;%AA lkŒnŒ 2-3
¼1½ vfHk/kk “kfDr
r= ladsfrrkFkZL; cks/kuknfxzekfHk/kkAA lkŒnŒ 2-4
vFkkZr~ ladsfrfr ¼eq[;½ vFkZ dk ¼dks”k] O;kdj.kfn ls fu;fU=r vFkZ dk½ Kku djkus ls lcls igys “kfDr dk
uke vfHk/kk “kfDr gSA ;g vfHk/kk uked “kfDr ^^bl “kCn ls ;g vFkZ le>uk pkfg,** bl izdkj dh
bZ”ojsPNk:i”kfDr ls fHkUu gS D;ksafd ;fn vFkZ cks/k bZ”ojsPNk:i ekusaxs tks bZ”oj dks ugha ekurs gSa mudks vFkZ
fdl izdkj gksxk vkSj bZ”oj fcuk Lohdkj fd;s Hkh budks “kCn ds vFkZ dk Kku gksrk gh gS] vr% vfHk/kk uked
“kfDr bZ”ojsPNk:i “kfDr ls fHkUu gSA
Åij of.kZr ladsfrd vFkZ pkj izdkj dk gksrk gS % r|Fkk &
^^ladsrks x`árs tkrkS xq.knzO;fØ;klq pA** lkfgR;niZ.k 2-4 vFkkZr~ ladsr dk xzg.k tkfr] xq.k] nzO; vkSj fØ;k esa
gksrk gS ¼1½ ^înkFkZL; izk.kizn%** tkfr dgykrh gS vFkkZr~ in ds mÌs”; xkS vkfn dh ¼inkFkZL;½ O;ogkj dh
;ksX;rk dk fuokZg djus okyh ¼izk.kizn½ tkfr gksrh gS vFkkZr~ tks lHkh xkS O;fDr;ksa esa jgus okyh gS] ;g ^^tkfr**
gksrh gSA blh dks jlxaxk/kj esa bl izdkj dgk x;k gS & ^^v;a p tkfri% “kCnkFkZ% izk.kizn bR;qP;rsA izk.ka
O;ogkj;ksX;rka iznnfrlEikn ;rhfr O;qRiÙks%**A rFkk Hkr`Zgfjfojfpr okD;inh; esa bl izdkj x;k gS &
^û fg xkS% Lo:is.k xkSukZI;xkS% xksRokfHklEcU/kkÙkq xkS%** bfrA vFkkZr~ ^^xkS** bl in ds }kjk lkLukfneku~ /kehZ xkS
dk Lo:i ls jfgr O;fDrek= ls ^^xkS** dk cks/k ugha gksrk] ugha ^^vxkS** & xkS ugha gS] ,slk Hkh cks/k ugha gksrk gS
D;ksafd og loZFkk xkS ls fHkUu Hkh ugha gS] vfirq ^^xkSRo** bl tkfr laca/k ls gh ^^xkS** bl in ls xkS dk cks/k
gksrk gSA bl izdkj oLrq dk izk.kizn thouk/kk;d oLrq /keZ ^tkfr* dgykrk gS ¼2½ ^^xq.kks fo”ks’kk/kkugsrq% fl)ks
oLrq/keZ%** vFkkZr~ inkFkZ esa fo”ks’krk dk vk/kku djus dk dkj.kHkwr oLrq/keZ tks igys ls fl) ¼fuR;½ gS] ^^xq.k**
dgykrk gS D;ksafd ^^”kqDykfnuk fg yC/klÙkkda oLrq fof”k’;rs** vFkkZr~ “kqDy vkfn xq.kksa ds dkj.k ls gh lÙkk
izkIr oLrq ¼tkfr ls O;ogkj dh ;ksX;rk dks izkIr oLrq½ vius ltkrh; vU; inkFkks± ls fHkUurk dks izkIr gksrh
gSA xq.k dk y{k.k bl izdkj fd;k x;k gS &
lRos fufo”krs·iSfr i”FkXtkfr’kq n””;rsA
vk/ks;”pkfØ;kt”p lks·lRoizo#frxqZ.k%AA
vFkkZr~ tks inFkZ esa jgrk gS] inkFkZ ls fHkUu fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj tks fHkUu tkrh; nzO;ksa esa Hkh fuokl djrk
gS] vk/ks; tks mRiUu fd;k tk lds] vkdk”k esa egÙo ds leku Lo;a fl) gks vkSj tks nzO; ls fHkUu gks] mls
xq.k dgrs gSaA
¼3½ ^^nzO;”kCnk% ,dO;fDrokfpuh gfjgjfMR;foRFkkn;%** vFkkZr~ ,d O;fDr ds okpd gfj] gj] fMRFk] MfoRFk vkfn
bdkbZ&3 134
nzO; “kCn vFkok ;n`PNk “kCn dgykrs gSAa nzO; dks gh laKk dgrs gSa vkSj laKk nks izdkj dh gksxh gS & ¼1½
fpjUruh vkSj ¼2½ vk/kqfudhA fpjUruh ds mnkgj.k gSa & gfj] gj vkfn vkSj vk/kqfudh ds mnkgj.k gSa & fMRFk]
MfoRFk vkfnA ¼4½ ^^fØ;k lk/;k:ik oLrq/kekZ% ikdknk;%** vFkkZr~ oLrq lk/;:i /keZ ikdkfn fØ;k dgrs gSa ¼bl
izdkj fØ;k tgka lk/; gksrh gS] ogka xq.k flj gksrs gSa½] vFkkZr~ xq.k oLrq esa igys ls fo|eku jgrs gSaA blhfy,
xq.k ^^fl) oLrq /keZ** dgykrs gSa vkSj fØ;k ^^lk/; /keZ** dgykrh gSA dkO;&izdk”kdkj us fØ;k dks ^^lk/;%
iwokZijhHkwrko;o% fØ;k:i%** dgk gS] vFkkZr~ lk/;:i oLrq/keks± esa vf/kJ;.k ls ysdj vFkkZr~ fdlh ik= ds pwYgs
ij p<+kus ls voJ;.k rd vFkkZr~ id tkus ds ckn uhps mrkjus rd igys vkSj ckn ds dk;Z&O;ogkjksa dk
leqnk; gS og lc ikdkfn “kCn ls O;oâr gksrk gS vFkkZr~ mu lc fØ;k&dykiksa dk uke ^îkd** gSA bl izdkj
bUgha pkjksa ds e/; tks O;fDr ds mikf/k /keZ tkfr] xq.k vkSj fØ;k:i gSa] mUgha esa ladsr dk xzg.k gksrk gS]
O;fDr esa ughaA D;ksafd O;fDr esa ladsrxzg ekuus ls vkuUR; vkSj O;kfHkpkj nks’k vkrs gSA blhfy;s egkHkk’;dkj
us dgk gS fd ^^xkS “kqDy”pyks fMRFk bR;knkS prq’V;h “kCnkuka izo`fÙk%** bfrA bl izdkj egkHkk’;dkj iratfy ds
erkuqlkj ladsrxzg tkfr] xq.k] fØ;k] ;n`PNk&nzO;&laKk&bu pkj esa fuokl djrk gSA
mi;qZDr er ds foijhr ehekald dsoy tkfr esa gh ladsrxzg Lohdkj djrs gSaA ehekaldksa dk fl)kUr
;g gS fd dsoy tkfr dks gh “kCn dk izo`fÙk fufeÙk ekuuk mfpr gSA tkfr “kCnksa ds leku xq.k] fØ;k rFkk
;n`PNk “kCnksa esa Hkh tkfr esa gh ladsrxzg ekuuk pkfg;sA r|Fkk & “ka[k] nw/k] cQZ vkfn vusd “kqDy inkFkks± esa
“kqDy% ;g vuqxr izrhrh vFkok ,dkdkj izrhrh gksrh gS bl dkj.k ^^”kqDyolkekU;** gSA blh izdkj fofHkUu
O;fDr;ksa ds }kjk mPpfjr ;n`PNk “kCn vkSj izfr{k.k ifj.kke ds dkj.k fo|eku vusd vFkks± esa Hkh lkekU; dk
vuqlaU/kku fd;k tk ldrk gSA vr% tkfr “kCnksa ds leku xq.k&fØ;k vkSj ;n`PNk esa Hkh tkfr esa gh ladsrxzg
ekuuk pkfg;sA
uS¸;kf;dk tkfr fof”k’V O;fDr esa ladsrxzg ekurs gSaA ckS) nk”kZfudksa ds er esa “kCn dk vFkZ ^^viksg**
gksrk gS vkSj ^^viksg** dk vFkZ ^^vrn~O;ko`fÙk** ;k rn~fHkUu& fHkUuRo** gSA ckS) tkfr dk dke ^^viksg** ls
fudyrs gSaA blfy, ;s ^viksg* esa gh “kfDr ekurs gSaA
2 y{k.kk&”kfDr
eq[;kFkZck/ks r|qDrks ;;k·U;ks·FkZ% izrh;rsA
:<s% iz;kstuk}klkS y{k.kk”kfDrjfiZrkAA lkŒnŒ 2-5
vFkkZr~ eq[;kFkZ dk ck/k gksus ij ¼vFkkZr~ vfHk/kk ds }kjk lk{kkr~ ladsfrr vFkZ dk dkO; esa vfHker rkRi;Z
vFkZ dk Kku djkus esa vuqiiUu gksus ij½ eq[;kFkZ ls lacaf/kr ¼fdUrq½ eq[;kFkZ ls fHkUu vFkZ :f<+ gksus ds dkj.k
vFkok iz;kstu ds dkj.k ftl “kfDr ds }kjk gksrk gSA og vfiZrk&vkjksfir vFkkZr~ vLokHkkfod vFkkZr~ dkYifud
“kfDr y{k.kk dgykrh gSA
bl izdkj y{k.kk dh mRifÙk ds fy;s pkj dkj.k crk;s x;s gSaA r|Fkk &
1- eq[;kFkZ dk ck/k] 2- rn~;ksx&eq[;kFkZ ds lkFk y{;kFkZ dk lEcU/k] 3- :f<+ ;k 4- iz;kstuA blesa ls
y{;kFkZ Kku ds fy;s izFke nks dk gksuk rks ije~ vko”;d gSa ijUrq vfUre nks esa ls ¼:f< vFkok iz;kstu½ fdlh
,d dk gh gksuk vko”;d gSA bl izdkj y{k.kk dh izo`fÙk esa rhu gh dkj.k gq;s & 1- eq[;kFkZck/k] 2- rn~;ksx &
eq[;kFkZ ls y{;kFkZ dk lEcU/k vkSj 3- :f< vkSj iz;kstu esa ls dksbZ ,dA
mDr dkfjdk ds vUnj ^êq[;kFkZck/ks rn~;qDrs%** ,slk dgdj gsrqiwoZd fo”ks’k vFkZ dks izfrikfnr djus
okyh y{k.kk ds }kjk izfrik| vFkZ ds Lo:i dk fu:i.k fd;k x;k gSA ^^;;k·U;ks·UFkZ izrh;rs** blls y{k.kk ds
y{k.k dks Li’V fd;k gSA ^^:<s% iz;kstuk}k** bl izdkj ls y{k.kk ds nks Hksn fd;s x;s & 1- :f<ewyk y{k.kk
vkSj 2- iz;kstuewyk y{k.kkA ^^vfiZrk** dgdj vfHk/kk “kfDr ls y{k.kk dh fHkUurk iznf”kZr dh gSA
^jktR;qekoYyHk%* bR;kfn “kkCnhO;atuk ds vUnj Hkh y{k.kk dh izlfDr ds vfr izlax ds fuokj.k ds fy,
^êq[;kFkZck/ks** dgk gS D;ksafd ;fn eq[;kFkZ ls vlEc) vFkZ dh mifLFkfr Hkh y{k.kk ls eku yh tk;s rc rks
^^xaxk;ka ?kks’k** bR;kfn okD; esa xaxkfn in ls ;equkrV vkfn Hkh mifLFkr gksus yxsaxsA blhfy, dgk gS fd
^rn~;qDr* eq[;kFkZ ds lkFk y{;kFkZ dk Kku Hkh y{k.kk dk dkj.k ekuk x;k gSA eq[;kFkZ ls lEcfU/kr vU; vFkZ
dk Kku bl y{k.kk ds }kjk gksrk gS] ,slk Li’V djus ds fy;s ^^vU;ks·FkZ%** dgk x;k gSA ^^:<s iz;kstuk}k** ds
vk/kkj ij y{k.k nks izdkj dh gksrh gS& 1- :f< y{k.kk vkSj 2- iz;kstuorh y{k.kkA Øe”k% mnkgj.k&
1- :f< y{k.kk dk mnkgj.k & ^^dfyax lkgfld%** dfyax ns”k lkglh gS &
bl mnkgj.k esa ^^dfyax** “kCn vius ^^ns”kfo”ks’k** okP; vFkZ esa ¼lkglh vFkZ esa½ ?kfVr u gksrk gqvk
¼D;ksafd dfyax ns”k tM+ gS vkSj lkglh gksuk psru dk /keZ gS] vr% dfyax “kCn vius okP;kFkZ esa ?kfVr ugha
gksrk gS½ dfyax ns”k esa jgus okys iq#’kksa dks y{k.kko`fÙk ls yf{kr djrk gSA dgus dk vk”k; ;g gS fd mi;qZDr
mnkgj.k esa ^^dfyax** “kCn dk viuk vFkZ gS ^^ns”kfo”ks’k** vkSj ^^lkgfld%** dk vFkZ gS ^^lkglh**A ijUrq ;g
lkgl] tks psru dk /keZ gS] tM+ inkFkZ ¼dfyax ns”k½ esa ugha jg ldrk] vr% ns”k ds okpd dfyax “kCn dk
lkglh ds lkFk vUo; ?kfVr ugha gks ldrkA bl izdkj dfyax “kCn vius eq[;kFkZ ^^ns”k** vFkZ esa ckf/kr gksus ds
dkj.k la;ksx lEcU/k ls ml ns”k esa jgus okys iq#’kksa dk y{k.kk ls Kku djkrk gSA vr% bl mnkgj.k esa ^:f<
y{k.kk* gSA
2- iz;kstuorh y{k.kk dk mnkgj.k & ^^xaxk;ka ?kks’k%** & xaxk esa xzke gSA bl mnkgj.k esa xaxk “kCn izokg
fo”ks’k :i vius okP;kFkZ ¼^^xaxk** “kCn dk viuk eq[;kFkZ gS ^îzokg**½ dk Kku djkus esa vleFkZ gksrk gqvk
lkehI; lEcU/k ls vius lEcU/kh ^^rV** vFkZ dk Kku djkrk gSA bl rV vFkZ dk Kku djkus esa “khryrk vkSj
ifo=rk dk vfr”k; Kku djkuk :i iz;kstu gSA dgus dk vk”k; ;g gS fd ^^xaxk;ka ?kks’k** bl okD; esa xaxk
“kCn dk eq[; vFkZ gS ^îzokg**A blds Åij ^^?kks’k% & xzke** dk fLFkr gksuk vlEHko gSA vr% ;g gqvk
eq[;kFkZck/kA bl izdkj xaxk “kCn ds vius eq[; vFkZ ^îzokg** esa vuqiiUu gksus ds dkj.k lkehI; lEcU/k ls
¼vFkkZr~ rn~;ksx vFkkZr~ xaxk ls lEcfU/kr½ vius lEcU/kh rV dk y{k.kko`fÙk ls Kku djkrk gSA vr% bl mnkgj.k
esa ^îz;kstuorh y{k.kk** gSA
mi;qZDr nksuksa mnkgj.kksa esa ge ftl “kfDr ds }kjk ^dfyax* dk vFkZ ^dfyax ns”koklh euq’;* vkSj
^^xaxk;ka** dk ^^xaxk ds rV ij** le>rs gSa] og “kfDr y{k.kk dgh xbZ gS vkSj bls ^^vfiZrk] LokHkkfodsrjk vFkok
bZ”ojkuqn~Hkkfork** dgk x;k gSA
dkO;izdk”kdkj vkpk;Z eEeV us :f< y{k.kk dk mnkgj.k ^^dfeZ.k dq”ky%** fn;k gS] ftldks vkpk;Z
fo”oukFk us ugha ekuk gSA
y{k.kk ds Hksn
1- miknkuy{k.kk dk y{k.kk
^êq[;kFkZL;srjk{ksiks okD;kFksZ·Uo;fl);sA
L;knkReuks·I;qiknkukns’kksiknkuy{k.kk** & lkfgR;niZ.k 2-6
vFkkZr~ okD;kFkZ esa okD; ds vUnj fo|eku vUo; dh flf) ds fy, ftl o`fÙk }kjk vU; vFkZ dk vk{ksi
bdkbZ&3 136
fd;k tkrk gS ogk¡ eq[;kFkZ dk Hkh xzg.k gksus ds dkj.k ^^miknku y{k.kk** dgykrh gSA miknku y{k.kk dh
fu#fDr nks izdkj ls dh tk ldrh gS &
¼d½ eq[;kFkZfo’kf;.kh izrhfr#iknkuke~ r)srqyZ{k.kk miknkuy{k.kkA
¼[k½ miknh;rs LokFkksZ x`árs·ususR;qijknkue~ rUukEuh y{k.kk miknkuy{k.kkA
Åij y{k.kk ds :f<+ vkSj iz;kstu ;s nks dkj.k ekus x;s gSaA bUgha dks vk/kkj ekudj miknku y{k.kk Hkh
nks izdkj dh gksrh gSA r|Fkk & 1- :f<+ esa miknku y{k.kk vkSj 2- iz;kstu esa miknku y{k.kkA Øe”k%
mnkgj.k&
1- :f<+ esa miknku y{k.kk dk mnkgj.k & ^^”osrks /kkofr** & “osr nkSM+ jgk gSA fdlh O;fDr us fdlh volj
ij fdlh vU; O;fDr ls iwNk gS fd ^^dkSu lk ?kksM+k nkSM+ jgk gS**] ftlds mÙkj esa mlus dgk fd ^^”osrks
/kkofr**A bl mnkgj.k esa “osro.kZ vpsru gksus ds dkj.k nkSM+us dh fØ;k esa dr`ZRosu vfUor u gksrs gq;s ¼vFkkZr~
^^/kkofr** fØ;k dk drkZ ^^”osr%** ugha gks ldrk] D;ksafd og vpsru gSA fdlh Hkh fØ;k dk drkZ fdlh psru dks
gh pkfg;s tks fd fØ;k dj lds½ nkSM+us dh fØ;k ds dr`ZRo dk Kku djkus ds fy, vius la;ksxh ^^v”o** dk
vk{ksi dj ysrk gS ¼vFkkZr~ ^^”osr** leok; lEcU/k ls “osr jax okys v”o dk vk{ksi dj ysrk gS½ ;gka fdlh Hkh
iz;kstu dk vHkko gksus ds dkj.k :f<+ewyk y{k.kk gSA
2- iz;kstu esa miknku y{k.kk dk mnkgj.k & ^dqUrk% izfo”kfUr* bl fØ;k dk drkZ ^^dqUr** ugha gks ldrk
D;ksafd og vpsru gSa fdlh Hkh fØ;k dk drkZ psru gksuk pkfg;s tks fd fØ;k dj lds½ izos”k djus dh fØ;k
ds dr`ZRo dk Kku djkus ds fy;s vius la;ksxh iq#’k dk vk{ksi dj ysrk gSA vFkkZr~ ^dqUrk%* “kCn la;ksx lEcU/k
ls Hkkys /kkj.k djus okys iq#’kksa dk vk{ksi dj ysrs gSaA bl mnkgj.k esa dqUrksa dh vfrxgurk dks lwfpr djuk
iz;kstu gS] vr% iz;kstuewyk y{k.kk gSA
bl miknku y{k.kk dks gh ^^vtgRLokFkkZ y{k.kk** ¼vtgoR;tu~ LokFkksZ eq[;kFkksZ ;kfefr vtgRLokFkhZ**
vFkkZr~ blesa LokFkZ ¼eq[;kFkZ½ dk ifjR;kx ugha gksrk gS½ Hkh dgrs gSaA
2- y{k.ky{k.kk dk y{k.k
viZ.ka LoL; okD;kFksZ ijL;kUo;fl);sA
miy{k.kgsrqRokns’kk y{k.ky{k.kkAA lkŒnŒ 2-7
vFkkZr~ okD;kFkZ ls fHkUu vFkZ dh vUo; flf) ds fy;s vius vFkZ dk ifjR;kx ftl o`fÙk ds }kjk gksrk gS
vFkkZr~ tks “kCn vius eq[;kFkZ dks NksM+dj y{;kFkZ dk miy{k.k ftl o`fÙk ds }kjk gks tkrk gS og miy{k.k dk
gsrq gksus ds dkj.k ^^y{k.ky{k.kk** dgykrh gSA bldh O;qRifÙk bl izdkj gS& ^^y{;rs miy{;rs··ususR;q
&iy{k.ke~ rUukEuh y{k.kk y{k.ky{k.kk** bfrA
miknku y{k.kk ds leku ;g y{k.ky{k.kk Hkh :f<+ vkSj iz;kstu ds Hksn ls nks izdkj dh gksrh gSA
r|Fkk& 1- :f<+ esa y{k.ky{k.kk vkSj 2- iz;kstu esa y{k.ky{k.kk Øe”k% mnkgj.k &
1- :f<+ esa y{k.ky{k.kk & ^^dfyax lkgfld%** & dfyax lkglh gSA ;gka ij iq#’k ds vUo; dks okD;kFkZ esa
vUo; dh flf) ds fy;s ^^dfyax** “kCn vius vki dks lefiZr dj nsrk gS] vFkkZr~ iq#’k dk cks/k djkus ds fy;s
vius vkidks mi;ksxh cukrk gS vFkok ^^vkReuke~** eq[;kFkZe~ ^^viZ;fr** & ifjR;tfrA ;g in vius eq[;kFkZ dk
ifjR;kx dj nsrk gSA iz;kstu dk vHkko gksus ds dkj.k :f<+ gSA vr% ^^:f<+ewyk y{k.ky{k.kk** gSA
2- ---------- ?kks’k% ^^&xax esa ?kks’k gSA bl mnkgj.k esa ---------- dh flf) ds fy;s ^^xaxk** “kCn vius vkidks -----------
Kku djkus ds fy;s vius vkidks mi;ksxh cukrk gSA ------------ LokFkZe~&eq[;kFkZe~** viZ;fr&ifjR;tfrA bl izdkj
;g in vius eq[;kFkZ izokg dk ifjR;kx dj nsrk gSA “kSR; vkSj iokuRo iz;kstu gSA vr% iz;kstuorh
y{k.ky{k.kk gSA
;gh y{k.ky{k.kk ^^tgRLokFkkZ y{k.kk** ¼tgr~&R;tu~ LokFkks± ;;k lk tgRLokFkkZ½ dgykrh gSA
miknkuy{k.kk vkSj y{k.ky{k.kk esa Hksn & miknkuy{k.k ds vUnj eq[;kFkZ dk y{;kFkZ esa xzg.k dj ysrk
gS ijUrq y{k.ky{k.kk ds vUnj y{;kFkZ dh flf) ds fy;s eq[;kFkZ vius vFkZ dk ifjR;kx dj nsrk gSA
mi;qZDr pkj izdkj dh y{k.kk;sa vFkkZr~ 1- :f<+ miknkuy{k.kk] 2- iz;kstuorh miknkuy{k.kk] 3- :f<
y{k.ky{k.kk vkSj 4- iz;kstuorh y{k.ky{k.kk] lkjksik vkSj lk/;olkuk Hksn ls nks&nks izdkj dh gksrh gSA bl
izdkj y{k.k ds vkB Hksn gks tkrs gSA
lkjksik vkSj lk/;olkuk y{k.kkvksa ds y{k.k
fo’k;L;kfuxh.kZL;kU;rknkRE;izrhfrd`r~A
lkjksik L;kfUuxh.kZL; erk lk/;olkfudkAA lkŒnŒ 2-7&9
vFkkZr~ vfuxh.kZ ¼vukPNkfnr½ Lo:i fo’k; ¼mies;½ dk vU; ¼mieku½ ds lkFk vHksn dh izfrifÙk djkus
okyh y{k.kk lkjksik ¼vkjksis.k lg orZrs bfr lkjksik½ gksrh gSA dgus dk vk”k; ;g gS fd ^^vfuxh.kZLo:iL;
inkFkZL;kU;rknkRE;& izrhfrjkjksi%** vFkkZr~ okD; esa ftl inkFkZ dk Li’V;rk funsZ”k fd;k x;k gSA ftldk
Lo:i vizd`r miekud`r pUnz vkfn ¼fo’k;½ ls fuxh.kZ&fNik gqvk ugha gS] mlh izd`r mies; eq[kkfn ¼fo’k;½ dh
vU; vFkkZr~ vizd`r pUnzkfn fo’k;h ds lkFk rknkRE; izrhfr dks ^vkjksi* dgrs gSaA vFkok
^^fo’k;fo’kf;.kksHksZnsuksiU;klks·=kjksikFkZ** vkSj tks vkjksi ds lkFk gksrh gS] og ^^lkjksiy{k.kk** dgykrh gSA ;g
lkjksik y{k.kk :idkyadkj dk cht gS vkSj fuxh.kZ ¼vkPNkfnr½ Lo:i fo’k; ¼mieku½ dk fo’k;h ds lkFk vHksn
Kku djkus okyh ^^lk/;olkuk y{k.kk** dgykrh gSA dgus dk vk”; ;g gS fd ^^fo’k;kusxj.ksu
fo’kf;.kks·Hksnizrhfrj/;olkue~ rsu lg orZrs bfr lk/;olkuk** vFkkZr~ fo’k; dk fuxj.k djds fo’k;h ds lkFk
vHksn dk izfriknu djuk ^^v/;olk;** dgykrk gS] ml v/;olk; ds lkFk tks gS] og ^^lk/;olkuk y{k.kk**
dgykrk gSA Øe”k% mnkgj.k &
1- :f<+ lkjksik miknuy{k.kk dk mnkgj.k & ^^v”o% “osrks /kkofr** & “osr ?kksM+k nkSM+ jgk gSA ;gka ij “osr
“kCn dh “osrxq.k fof”k’V esa izflf) gksus ds dkj.k :f<+ gSA “osr xq.k vius Lo:i dks Hkh yk{;kFkZ ds lkFk
cksf/kr djrk gS] vr% miknku y{k.kk gS vkSj fuxh.kZLo:i v”o ds lkFk “osr dk rknkRE; izrhr gksrk gS] vr%
vkjksi gSA bl izdkj ij ^^:f<+ lkjksik miknkuy{k.kk** gqbZA
2- iz;kstuorh lkjksik miknkuy{k.kk dk mnkgj.k & ^^,rs dqUrk% izfo”kfUr** ¼nqxsZ bfr “ks’k%½A ;gka ij loZuke
^^,rs** ls dqUr/kkjh iq#’kksa dk funsZ”k djus ds dkj.k ^^vkjksi** gSA y{;kFkZ ds lkFk dqUrh dh Hkh izrhfr gksrh gS]
vr% miknku gSA dqUrksa dk vfrxguRo lwfpr djuk iz;kstu gSA bl izdkj ;gka ij ^îz;kstuorh lkjksik
miknkuy{k.kk** gSA ;gka /kk;Z&/kkjd lEcU/k gSA dqUr /kk;Z gSa vkSj iq#’k /kkjd gSA
3- :f<+ lkjksik y{k.ky{k.kk dk mnkgj.k & ^^dfyax iq#’kks ;q/;rsA** ;gka ij ^^dfyax** “kCn dfyax ns”koklh
dk miy{k.k gksus ls y{k.ky{k.kk gSA i`Fkd fufnZ’V iq#’k ds lkFk vHksn izrhfr ls lkjksik gS vkSj izflf) ds
dkj.k :f<+ gSA vr% ^^:f<+ lkjksik y{k.ky{k.kk** gSA ;gka ij iq#’k vkSj dfyax ns”k esa vk/kkj&vk/ks;Hkko lEcU/k
bdkbZ&3 138
gSA dfyax ns”k vk/kkj gS vkSj iq#’k vk/ks; gSA

4- iz;kstuorh lkjksik y{k.ky{k.kk dk mnkgj.k & ^^vk;q?k`Zre~** & ;gka ij ;|fi vk;q dk dkj.k gS rFkkfi
dk;Zdkj.kHkko lEcU/k ls vk;q dk lEcU/kh ?k`r ;gka vk;q ds lkFk rknkRE; ls izrhr gksrk gS] vr% lkjksik gSA
vk;q “kCn vk;q ds dkj.k dks miyf{krek= djrk gS] vr% y{k.ky{k.kk gS rFkk vU; vU; oLrqvksa dh vis{kk
foy{k.krk ls vk;q dks mRiUu djuk iz;kstu gSaA vr% ^îz;kstuorh lkjksik y{k.ky{k.kk** gSA
^^fuxhZ.kL; erk lk/;ofudk** ds vuqlkj lEizfr lk/;olkuk y{k.kk ds Øe”k% mnkgj.k nsrs gSa &
5- :f<+ lk/;olkuk miknkuy{k.kk dk mnkgj.k & ^^”osrks /kkofr**A
6- iz;kstuorh lk/;olkuk miknkuy{k.k dk mnkgj.k & ^^dqUrk% izfo”kfUr**A
7- :f<+ lk/;olkuk y{k.ky{k.kk dk mnkgj.k & dfyax lkgfld%A
8- iz;kstuorh lk/;olkuk y{k.ky{k.kk dk mnkgj.k & ^^xaxk;ka ?kks’k**A
budh O;k[;k igys dh tk pqdh gSA
mi;qZDr vkB izdkj dh y{k.kk;sa ¼pkj lkjksik vkSj pkj lk/;olkuk½ “kq) vkSj xkS.kh ds Hksn ds iqu% nks
izdkj dh gksrh gSA bu “kq)k vkSj xkS.kh y{k.kkvksa esa ls tks y{k.kk ^^lkn`”k ds lEcU/k dk dkj.k ugha gksrh gSa os
^^”kq)k** dgykrh gS vkSj ftudk dkj.k lkn`”; ls lEcU/k j[krk gS] ^^xkS.kh** ¼xq.ksH;% vkxrk xkS.;% bfr½
dgykrh gSA** bl izdkj y{k.kk ls 16 Hksn gksrs gSaA blh dks bl izdkj dgk x;k gS &
bl izdkj ;gka rd 26 izdkj dh y{k.kkvksa dk foospu fd;k x;k gSA bu lksyg izdkj dh y{k.kkvksa esa
ls vkB :f<+ ewyd gSa vkSj vkB iz;kstu ewydA buesa ls vkB iz;kstu ewyd y{k.kkvksa ds iqu% iz;kstu :i
O;aX; ds xw< vkSj vxw<+ nks izdkj ds gksus ds dkj.k izR;sd ds nks Hksn gksdj lksyg Hksn gks tkrs gSaA
3- O;atuk
“kCn rhu izdkj ds dgs x;s gSa & okpd] yk{kf.kd vkSj O;atdA buesa ls O;atuko`fr ds }kjk vFkZ dk Kku
djkus okyk “kCn O;atd gksrk gS vkSj blh O;atuko`fÙk ds }kjk cks/; vFkZ O;aX; dgykrk gSA bl O;atuko`fÙk dk
Lo:i bl izdkj dgk x;k gS &
fojrkLofHk/kk|klq ;;k·FkhZ cks/;rs ijA
lk o`fÙkO;±tuk uke “kCnL;kFkkZfndL; pAA
vFkkZr~ vfHk/kk] y{k.kk vkSj rkRi;Z uked rhu o`fÙk;ksa ds ¼vfHk|klq½ vius& vius vFkZ dk Kku djkdj
fojr gks tkus ij ¼fojrklq½ ftl o`fÙk ds }kjk vU; ¼y{; vkSj rkRi;Z ls fHkUu½ vFkZ ¼O;aX;½ dk Kku djk;k
tkrk gS] og “kCn esa vkSj vFkkZfnd u jgus okyh “kfDr O;atuk dgykrh gSA vkpk;Z fo”oukFk vkfn dqN vkpk;Z
rkRi;Z uked o`fÙk dks Hkh Lohdkj djrs gSa] vr% vkpk;Z fo”oukFk us O;atuk ds mDr y{k.k esa ^^vfHk/kk|klq** esa
cgqopu dk iz;ksx fd;k gSA ^^vFkkZfndL;** esa ^^vkfn** in ls izd`fr] izR;; vkSj milxkZfn dk xzg.k gksrk gS
vFkkZr~ “kCnfu’B] vFkZfu’B] izd`frfu’B] izR;;fu’B vkSj milxkZfnfu’B “kfDr O;atuk dgykrh gSA blh
O;atuko`fÙk dks O;atu] /ouu] xeu vkSj izR;kuu vkfn ukeksa ls Hkh dgk x;k gSA ^êatw’kkdkj** us O;atuk dk
y{k.k bl izdkj fd;k gS &
^êq[;kFkZck/kxzgfujis{kcks/ktudks eq[;kFkZlEc)lk/kkj.k% izfl)kizfl)kFkZfo’k;&

dksoØkfnoSf”k’V~;KkuizfrHkk|qnzc)% laLdkjfo”ks’kks O;atusfrA**
bl O;atuk o`fÙk ds }kjk izfrik| vFkZ dks O;aX; dgrs gSa ;g O;aX;kFkZ gksrk gSA rFkkfg & ^^xrks·LredZ%**
dk lh/kk ;k okP;kFkZ gS ^^lw;Z fNi x;k** ijUrq izdj.kkfn ds vuqlkj oDrk vkSj Jksrk ds vfHkizk; ls fofHkUu vFkZ
gks tkrs gSA ftl izdkj bl okD; ds vUnj jktk dh lsukifr ds izfr ^^xrks·LredZ%** dk vFkZ gksxk fd ^^”k=qvksa
ij vkØe.k dk volj gS**] nwrh dk vfHklkfjdk ds izfr dgs x;s blh okD; dk vFkZ gksxk fd ^vfHklj.k dh
rS;kjh djks*] l[kh dk okldlTt ds izfr dgus ij ^^rqEgkjk fiz; vkus okyk gS** ,slk vFkZ gksxk] dke djus okys
dk vius lkfFk;ksa ds izfr dgs x;s blh okD; dk vFkZ gksxk fd ^^dk;Z djuk cUn dj nks** ,d Hk`R; dk fdlh
/kkfeZd ds izfr jgus ij lk;a fof/k dh rS;kjh dhft;s** & ,slk Hkko gksxkA bl izdkj ,d gh oDrk ds fofHkUu
O;fDr;ksa ds izfr dgs x;s ,d gh okD; dh izdj.kkuqlkj vusd vFkks± dh izrhfr O;atuk ds cy ls gks tk;k
djrh gSA
O;atuk ds Hksn
O;atuk ds y{k.k esa vk;s gq, ^^”kCnL;kFkkZfndL; p** ls ;g izrhr gksrk gS fd O;atuk “kCnewyk vFkkZr~ “kkCnh vkSj
vFkZewyk vFkkZr~ vkFkhZ Hksn ls nks izdkj dh gksrh gSA “kkCnh O;atuk iqu% nks izdkj dh gksrh gS & ^^vfHk/kkewyk vkSj
y{k.kkewyk**A tSlk fd vkpk;Z fo”oukFk ¼lkfgR;niZ.k 2-13½ us dgk gS & ^^vfHk/kky{k.kkewyk “kCnL; O;atuk
f}/kk**] buesa ls tks “kCn dh vfHk/kk “kfDr dk vkfJr gksrh gS] og vfHk/kkewyk O;atuk vkSj tks “kCn dh y{k.kk
“kfDr ij vkfJr gksrh gS] og y{k.kkewyk O;atuk gksrh gSA
4 rkRi;Zo`fÙk
vkpk;Z fo”oukFk us ;|fi ^^frlz% “kCnL; “kDr;%** dgdj vfHk/kk] y{k.kk vkSj O;atuk & bu rhu “kfDr;ksa dh
ekU;rk dh vksj ladsr fd;k gS] iqujfi os rkRi;Z uked o`fÙk dks Hkh Lohdkj djrs gSaA bldh vksj mudk
loZizFke ladsr O;atuk ds y{k.kk esa feyrk gSA O;atuk dk y{k.k djrs gq;s os dgrs gSa fd &
^^fojrkLofHk/kk|klq ;;k·FkksZ cks/;rs ij%A**
;gka ^^vfHk/kk|klq** esa cgqopu dk iz;ksx rkRi;Zo`fÙk dks /;ku esa j[krs gq;s gh fd;k x;k gSA blh izdkj
O;atuk dh LFkkiuk ds izlax esa iape ifjPNsn ds izkjEHk esa ^^vaxhQk;kZ rq;kZ o`fÙkcksZ/ks jlknhuke~** ls O;atuk o`fÙk
dks vfHk/kk] y{k.kk vkSj rkRi;Z o`fÙk ls fHkUu pkSFkh o`fÙk Lohdkj fd;k gSA dkO;izdk”kdkj vkpk;Z eEeV HkV~V us
^^rkRi;kZFkksZ·fi ds’kqfpr~** 2-6A dgdj rkRi;Z uked o`fÙk ls izfrik| dks Lohdkj djus esa viuh lgefr izdV
dh gSA vkpk;Z /kfud us &
rkRi;ZO;frjhdkPp O;atdRoL; u /ofu%A
;koRdk;ZizlkfjRokÙkkRi;Z u rqyk/k’Vre~AA
dgdj rkRi;Zo`fÙk dks ekuk gSA bl izdkj vkpk;Z fo”oukFk us rkRi;Z uked o`fÙk dks Lohdkj djds gh
mlds fo’k; esa bl izdkj dgk gS &
rkRi;kZ[;ka o`fÙkekgq% inkFkkZUo;cks/kusA
rkRi;kZFkZ rnFkZ p okD;a rn~cks/kda ijsAA lkŒnŒ 2-20
vFkkZr~ Jh dqekfjyHkV~V izHk`fr&ehekaldkpk;Z inksa ls i’VFkd~&i’VFkd~ mifLFkr inkFkks± ds dr`ZRo] deZRo
bdkbZ&3 140
vkfn :i ls ijLij vUo; ds cks/ku ds fy, okD; esa rkRi;Z uke dh “kfDr ekurs gSa vkSj rkRi;kZFkZ dks ml
o`fÙk dk izfrik| vFkZ ekurs gSa ,oa okD; dks rkRi;Z cks/kd ekurs gSaA dgus dk vk”k; ;g gS fd vfHk/kk “kfDr
ds ,d&,d inkFkZ dks vyx&vyx cks/ku djds fojr gks tkus ij mu fc[kjs gq, inkFkks± dks ijLij lEc)
djds okD;kFkZ dk Lo:i nsus okyh rkRi;Z uked o`fÙk gSA ml o`fÙk dk izfrik| vFkZ gh rkRi;kZFkZ dgykrk gS
vkSj mldk cks/kd okD; gksrk gSA ;g vfHkfgrUUo;okfn;ksa dk er gSA
3-2 bdkbZ dk mÌs”;
• dkO;&iz;kstu fo’k;d vo/kkj.kk dks izLrqr dj ldsaxs(
• fo”oukFk ds vuqlkj dkO;&y{k.k dh leh{kk dj ik,axs(
• vfHk/kk] y{k.k rFkk O;atuk “kCn&”kfDr dk fo”ys’k.k dj ik,axs(
• rkRi;Zo`fr dk foospu dj ik,axs(
• okD; dk Lo:i rFkk mlds Hksnksa ls ifjfpr gks ldsaxsA
3-3 lkfgR;niZ.k
izFke% ifjPNsn
“kjfnUnqlqUnj#fp”psrfl lk es fxjka nsohA
viâR; re% lUrreFkkZuf[kykUizdk”k;rqAA1AA
vFkZ & “kjn~dkyhu pUnzek ds leku lqUnj dkfUrokyh Jqfr”kkL= vkxeifn izfl) og Hkxorh ljLorh esjs
ân; esa fo|eku vKkukU/kdkj dks u’V djds lEiw.kZ vFkks± dks vFkkZr~ okP;] y{;] rkRi;Z vkSj O;aX;:i vFkks± dks
loZFkk izdkf”kr djsA
prqoZxZizkfIr% lq[kknYif/k;kefiA
dkO;knso ;rLrsu rRLo:ia fu:i;rsAA2AA
izFke vFkZ ¼1½ lqdqekj efr okyksa dks vkSj ifj.kr cqf)okyksa dk vuk;kl gh prqoxZ ¼/keZ] vFkZ] dke vkSj eks{k½
bu pkj Qyksa dh izkfIr D;ksafd dkO; ls gh & osnkfn”kkL=ksa ls ugha gks ldrh gS] vr% ml dkO; ds Lo:i
fd;k tkrk gSA
f}rh; vFkZ ¼2½ bl vFkZ ds vUnj ^^;r%** ^^dkO;kr~** dk fo”ks’k.k gksxk vkSj vFkZ bl izdkj ls gksxk & ftl
dkO; ls lqdqekj efr okyksa dks vuk;kl gh prqZoxZ Qy dh izkfIr gksrh gS ml dkO; ds Lo:i dk fu:i.k
fd;k tkrk gSA
okD;a jlkReda dkO;a
¼dkO;Lo:i & fu:i.ke~½
dkO; dk iqu% D;k Lo:i gS vFkkZr~ dkO; dk y{k.k D;k gS \ ¼dkO; ds y{k.k dk½ fu:i.k djrs gSa &
^ôkD;a jlkReda dkO;e~** & jlkReda okD; dkO; dgykrk gSA
nks’kkLrL;kid’kZdk%A
¼nks’kLo:iy{k.ke~½
vFkZ & iqu% dkO; esa nks’kksa dk D;k Lo:i gSA ¼vFkkZr~ nks’kksa dk y{k.k D;k gS½ \ blds fo’k; esa dgrs gSa &
^^nks’kkLrL;kid’kZdk%** dkO; ds ¼mipkj iz;ksx ls dkO; dh vkRek jl ds½ vid’kZd nks’k dgykrs gSaA
mRd’kZgsro% izksDrk xq.kkyadkjjhr;%AA3AA
¼xq.kLo:ifu:i.ke~½
vFkZ & xq.kksa dk D;k Lo:i gS ¼vFkkZr~ xq.kksa dk D;k y{k.k gS½ \ blds fo’k; esa dgrs gSaA ^^mRd’kZgsro% izksDrk
xq.kkyadkjjhr;%** & xq.k] vyadkj vkSj jhfr;ka ¼dkO; dh½ mRd`’Vrk ds dkj.k dgs x;s gSAa
ftl izdkj “kkS;Z vkfn xq.k] dVd dq.Mykfn vyadkj vkSj vaxjpukfn euq’; ds “kjhj ds }kjk mldh
vkRek dh mRd`’Vrk dks djus okys gksrs gS( mlh izdkj ek/kq;kZfn xq.k] miekfn vyadkj vkSj oSnHkhZ vkfn jhfr
dkO; ds “kjhj] “kCn vkSj vFkZ ds }kjk dkO; ds vkReHkwr jl dk mRd’kZ djrs gq;s dkO; ds vRd’kZd dgkrs gSA
f}rh; ifjPNsn
okD;Lo:iekg
okD;a L;k|ksX;rkdka{kklfÙk;qDr% inksPp;%A
vFkZ & okD;fefr & ;ksX;rk] vkdka{kk vkSj vklfÙk ls ;qDr ijeleqnk; dks okD; dgrs gSaA¼vFkkZr~ fdlh iw.kZ
okD; ds fy, rhu phtksa dk gksuk vko”;d gS & ¼1½ ;ksX;rk] ¼2½ vkdka{kk vkSj ¼3½ vklfÙkA bu rhuksa esa ls ,d
Hkh oLrq ls ghu okD; ugha dgyk,xkA
okD;ksPp;ks egkokD;e~ & bRFka okD;a f}/kk ere~AA1AA
vFkZ & ¼egkdkO; dk y{k.k½ okD;ksPp bfr & okD;ksa dk ¼nks okD;ksa dk cgqr ls okD;ksa dk½ leqnk; egkokD;
dgykrk gSA
bRFkfefr & bl izdkj okD; nks izdkj ds ekus x;s gSaA ¼,d okD; vkSj nwljk egkokD;½A ^^bRFke~** &
dk vFkZ gS okD; :i ls vkSj egkokD; :i lsA1A
o.kkZ% ina iz;ksxkgkZufUorSdkFkZcks/kdk%A
vFkZ & iz;ksx ds ;ksX;] vufUor ,d vFkZ dk cks/kk djkus okys o.kZ ¼Loj vkSj O;atu½ in dgkrs gSaA tSls &
?kVA ¼;g o.kZ & leqnk; iz;ksx ds ;ksX; gS & O;kdj.kkfn ls “kq) gksus ds dkj.k okD; esa bldk iz;ksx gks
ldrk gS vkSj nwljs inkFkks± ls vlEcU/k ¼vufUor½ ,d vFkZ ¼?kM+s½ dk cks/kd gSA vr% ;g in gSA½
vFkksZ okP;”p y{;”p O;aX;”psfr frz/kk er%AA2AA
¼vFkZ & fu:i.ke~½
vFkZ% & vFkZ bfr&vFkZ] okD;] y{; vkSj O;aX; ¼Hksn ls½ rhu izdkj dk ekuk x;k gSA ¼vFkkZr~ vFkZ rhu izdkj dk
gksrk gS & ¼1½ okP;] ¼2½ y{; vkSj ¼3½ O;aX;½A2A
okP;ks·FkksZ·fHk/k;k cks/k;ks y{;ks y{k.;k er%A
O;ax;ks O;atu;k rk L;qfLrlz% “kCnL; “kDr;%AA3AA
r= ladsfrrkFkZL; cks/kkuknfxzekfHk/kkA
bdkbZ&3 142
vFkZ & okP; bfr & vfHk/kk ds }kjk cksf/kr gksus okyk vFkZ okP;] y{k.kk ds }kjk cksf/kr gksus okyk vFkZ y{;]
¼vkSj½ O;atuk ls cksf/kr gksus okyk vFkZ O;aX; dgrk gSA ¼bl izdkj½ ;s rhu ¼vfHk/kk] y{k.kk vkSj O;atuk½ “kCn
dh “kfDr;ka gksrh gSaA ¼dkfjdk esa iz;qDr½ ^^rk%** dk vFkZ ^^vfHkok|k%** vFkkZr~ vfHk/kk vkfn ¼vFkkZr~ y{k.kk vkSj
O;atuk½ gSA3A
vfHk/kk dk y{k.k
muesa ¼vfHk/kk] y{k.kk vkSj O;atuk & bu “kCn”kfDr;ksa esa ladsfrr ¼eq[;½ vFkZ dk ¼dks”k] O;kdj.kkfn ls
fu;fU=r vFkZ dk½ Kku djkus ls lcls igyh ¼”kfDr dk uke½ vfHk/kk “kfDr gSA
ladsrks x`árs tkrkS xq.knzO;fØ;klq pAA4AA
vFkZ & ladsr bfr & tkfr] xq.k] nzO; vkSj fØ;k esa ladsr dk xzg.k gksrk gSA4A
eq[;kFkZck/ks r|qDrks ;;kU;ks·FkZ izrh;rsA
:<+s iz;kstuk}k·lkS y{k.kk “kfDrjfiZrkAA5AA
vFkZ & eq[;kFkZ dk cks/k gksus ij ¼vFkkZr~ vfHk/kk ds }kjk lk{kkr~ ladsfrr vFkZ dk okD; esa vfHker rkRi;Z vFkZ
dk Kku djkus esa vuqiiUu gksus ij½ eq[;kFkZ ls fHkUu vFkZ ¼vFkksZDr xkS.k½ :f<+ ds dkj.k vFkok iz;kstu ds
dkj.k] ftl “kfDr ds }kjk gksrk gS] og “kfDr ^^vfiZr** ¼vFkkZr~ dfYir ;k veq[;½ y{k.kk dgykrh gSA5A
eq[;kFkZL;srjk{ksiks okD;kFksZ·Uo;fl);sA
L;knkReuks·I;qiknkukns’kksiknkuy{k.kkAA6AA
vFkZ & okD;kFkZ ds }kjk okD;kFkZ esa ¼rkRi;Z ds fo’k;hHkwr okD;kFkZ esa½ okD; ds vUnj fo|eku vUo; dh flf)
ds fy;s ¼ftl o`fÙk ds }kjk½ vU; vFkZ dk vk{ksi fd;k tkrk gS ¼ogka½ eq[;kFkZ dk Hkh ¼vkReuks·fi½ xzg.k gksus ds
dkj.k ;gA ^^miknku y{k.kk** dgykrh gSA6A
viZ.ka LoL; okD;kFksZ ijL;kUo;fl);sA
miy{k.kgsrqRokns’kk y{k.ky{k.kkAA7AA
vFkZ & okD;kFkZ esa eq[;kFkZ ls fHkUu vFkZ dh ¼ijL;½ vUo; flf) ds fy;s vius vFkZ dk ifjR;kx ¼ftl o`fÙk ds
}kjk½ gksrk gS vFkkZr~ tks “kCn vius eq[;kFkZ dks NksM+dj y{;kFkZ dk miy{k.k ftl o`fÙk }kjk gks tkrk gS ¼og½
miy{k.k dk gsrq gksus ds dkj.k ^^y{k.ky{k.kk** dgykrh gSA7A
vkjksik/;olkukH;ka izR;sda rk vfi f}/kkA
bl izdkj y{k.kk ds pkj Hksn ¼1½ :f<+ miknkuy{k.kk] ¼2½ :f<+ y{k.ky{k.kk] ¼3½ iz;kstu&miknku
y{k.kk] ¼4½ iz;kstu y{k.ky{k.kk dgs tk pqds gSaA iqu% mu nksuksa ds Hkh nks&nks Hksn crkrs gSaA
iwokZsDr pkjksa izdkj dks ¼1½ :f<+ miknkuy{k.kk] ¼2½ :f<+ y{k.ky{k.kk] ¼3½ iz;kstu & miknku y{k.kk]
¼4½ iz;kstu y{k.ky{k.kkA y{k.kk;sa vkjksi ¼vgk¸;kZHksn izrhfr½ vkSj v/;olku ¼fl)kHksn izrhfr%½ Hksn ls iqu%
izR;sd nks&nks izdkj dh gksrh gSA vFkkZr~
1 ljksiks :f<+ gsrqdk miknkuy{k.kk
2 lkjksiks :f<+ gsrqdk y{k.ky{k.kk
3 lkjksiks iz;kstu gsrqdk miknkuy{k.kk

4 lkjksiks iz;kstu gsrqdk y{k.ky{k.kk
5 lk/;olku :f<+ gsrqdk miknkuy{k.kk
6 lk/;olkuk :f<+ gsrqdk y{k.ky{k.kk
7 lk/;olkuk iz;kstu gsrqdk miknkuy{k.kk
8 lk/;olkuk iz;kstu gsrqdk y{k.ky{k.kk
bl izdkj ^^y{k.kk** ds vkB Hksn gq;sA
fo’kL;kfuxks.kZL;kU;rknkRE;izrhfrd`r~AA8AA
lkjksik L;kfUuxh.kZL; erk lk/;olkfudkA
vFkZ & vfuxh.kZ ¼vukPNkfnr Lo:i½ Lo:i fo’k; dk ¼mies; dk½ vU; ¼mieku½ ds lkFk vHksn izfrifÙk djkus
okyh ¼y{k.kk½ ^^lkjksik** gksrh gS vkSj fuxh.kkZ ¼vkPNkfnr½ Lo:i dk ¼mies; dk½ fo’k;h ds lkFk vHksn Kku
djkus okyh y{k.kk ^^lk/;olkuk** dgh x;h gSA8A
lkn`”;srjlacU/kk% “kq)Lrk% ldyk vfiA9A
lkn`”;kÙkq erk xkS.;Lrsu ‘kksM”k Hksfnrk %A
vFkZ & iwoksZDr lEiw.kZ ¼vFkkZr~ vkB izdkj dh & pkj lkjksik vkSj pkj lk/;olkuk½ vkB izdkj dh y{k.kk;s
lkn`”; ls brj ¼fHkUu½ lEcU/kokyh ^^”kq)k** dgykrh gS ¼rFkk½ lkn`”; ls lEcU/k j[kus okyh y{k.k dks
¼lEcU/kokr~ bfr “ks’k%½ ^^xkS.kh** ¼xq.ksH; vkxrk xkS.;% bfr½ y{k.kk dgrs gSa ¼vFkkZr~ tks y{k.kk ^^lkn`”; ds lEcU/k
dk dkj.k ugha gksrh gS os ^^”kq)k** y{k.kk gksrh gSa vkSj ftudk dkj.k lkn`”; ls lEcU/k j[krk gS mudh ^^xkS.kh**
y{k.kk dgrs gSa½ bl izdkj ¼y{k.kk ds½ lksyg Hksn gks x;sA9A
O;aXÓL; xw<kxw<Rokn~ f}/kk L;q% Qyy{k.k%AA10AA
/kfeZ/keZxrRosu Qyk;Srk vfi f}/kkA
vFkZ & O;aX; ds xw<+ vkSj vxw<+ gksus ds dkj.k O;atukxE; y{k.kk;sa nks izdkj dh gksrh gSaA ;s vHkh dgha gqbZ
lksyg Hksn okyh y{k.kk;sa Qy ¼O;atukxE; iz;kstu½ ds /kfeZxr vkSj /keZer gksus ds dkj.k izR;sd ds iqu% Hksn
gksdj cÙkhl Hksn okyh ¼gksrh½ gSaA10A
rnsoa y{k.kHksnk”pRokfj”kUerk cq/kS%AA11AA
inokD;xrRosu izR;sda rk vfi f}/kkA
vFkZ & bl izdkj y{k.k ds fo}kuksa us pkyhl Hksn dgs gSaA
:<kfofr & :f<+ esa vkB Hksn vkSj iz;kstu esa cÙkhl Hksn & bl izdkj y{k.kk Hksn gksrs gSaA fdapsfr &
;Fkk & os vHkh dgh gqbZ pkyhl izdkj dh y{k.kk;sa Hkh inxr vkSj okD;xr gksus ds dkj.k nks izdkj dh gksrh
gSA ¼dkfjdk esa iz;qDr ^^rh%** dh O;k[;k djrs gSa½ ^^rk%** Åij dgs gq, pkyhl HksnA
r=sfr & muesa ls inxr ¼dk mnkgj.k½ ;Fkk & ^^xaxk;ka ?kks’k%** bfrA okD;xr ¼dk mnkgj.k½ ;Fkk &
^^mid`ra cgq r=** bfrA bl izdkj ¼lHkh feydj½ vLlh izdkj dh y{k.kk gksrh gSA11A
bdkbZ&3 144
fojrkLofHk/kk|klq ;;k·FkksZ cks/;rs ij%AA12AA

lk o`fÙkO;±tuk uke “kCnL;kFkkZfndL; pA
vFkZ & vfHkikfndksa ds ¼vfHk/kk] y{k.k vkSj rkRi;Zuked bu rhuksa o`fÙk;ksa ds½ ds fojr gks tkus ij ¼vius&vius
O;kikj ls fojr gks tkus ij½ ftl o`fÙk ds }kjk nwljk ¼okP;] y{; vkSj rkRi;kZFkks± ls fHkUu½ vFkZ dk cks/ku gksrk
gSA og ¼oDrk ds rkRi;Z fo”ks’k:i okyh vFkkZr~ ^^;g in ;k okD; bl vFkZ dk Kku djkos** & “kCn esa ;Fkk
vFkkZfnd esa ¼jgus okyh½ o`fÙk ¼O;kikj fo”ks’k½ ^Ô;atuk** ¼dgkrh½½ dgkrh gSA12A
vfHk/kky{k.kkewyk “kCnL; O;atuk f}/kkAA13AA
vusdkFkZL; “kCnL; la;ksxk|SfuZ;fU=rsA
,d=kFksZ·U;/khgsrqO;±tuk lk·fHk/kkJ;kAA14AA
“kkCnhO;atuk
vFkZ & “kCn dh vfHk/kk vkSj y{k.kk gS ewy esa ftlds ,slh O;atuk nks izdkj dh gksrh gS ¼vFkkZr~ vfHk/kkewyk vkSj
y{k.kewyk½A
vfHk/kkewyk “kkCnh & O;atuk dk ¼y{k.k½ dgrs gSa & la;ksxkfn ds }kjk vusdkFkZd “kCn dk ,d vFkZ esa fu;fU=r
gks tkus ij ¼ftlds }kjk½ vU; vFkZ dk Kku gksrk gS og vfHk/kkJ;k ¼vfHk/kk”kfDr ds vkfJr½ O;atuk gksrh gSA
¼tgka ij la;ksxkfn ugha gksrs gSa ogka ftrus vFkks± ds fo’k; esa oDrk dk rkRi;Z gS] mrus gh vFkZ le>us
pkfg,½A14A
y{k.kksikL;rs ;L; d`rs rÙkq iz;kstue~A
;;k izR;k¸;rs lk L;k};atuk y{k.kkJ;kAA15AA
oDr`cks)O;okD;ukeU;lafuf/koP;;ks%A
izLrkons”kdkykuka dkdks”ps’VkfndL; pAA16AA
oSf”k’V;knU;eFkZ ;k cks/k;sRlk·FkZlEHkokA
y{k.k&ewykO;atuk
y{k.kkewyd ¼O;atuk dk fu:i.k½ djrs gSa &
ftl ¼iz;kstu ds Kku ds fy;s y{k.kk dks ¼iz;kstuorh y{k.kk½ “kCn& ”kfDrRosu Lohdkj fd;k tkrk gS
og iz;kstu ftlls ¼ftl “kfDr ds }kjk½ izrhr gksrk gS og y{k.kkewyd O;atuk gksrh gSA½ ¼blh dk foLrkj
djrs gSa½A
vkFkhZO;atuk
bl izdkj “kkCnh O;tatuk dk o.kZu djds vkFkhZ O;atuk dgrs gSa &
oDrk] cks)O; okD;] vU; dk lfUu/kku ¼oDrk vkSj cks)O; ls fHkUu½] okP;] izLrko ¼izdj.ki½] ns”k dky
¼olUrkfn½] dkdq ¼Loj fo”ks’k½ rFkk ps’kVk vkfn dh fo”ks’krk ds dkj.k tks ¼”kfDr½ fHkUu vFkZ dks izrhfr djkrh gS
og vFkZ ls mRiUu gksus okyh ¼vkFkhZ½ O;atuk ¼dgkrh½ gSA16A
=Sfo/;kfn;eFkkZuke izR;sda f=fo/kk erkAA17AA

“kCncks/;ks O;uDR;FkZ% “kCnks·I;FkkZUrjkJ;%A
,dL; O;atdRos rnU;L; lgdkfjrkAA18AA
vFkZ & ;g ¼vkFkhZ O;atuk½ vFkks± ds ¼okP;] y{; vkSj O;aX;½ rhu izdkj ds gksus ds dkj.k izR;sd rhu izdkj dh
¼okP; O;atuk] y{; O;atuk vkSj O;aX; O;atuk½ dgh xbZ gSA17A
vFkZ “kCn ls izfrik| gksdj gh ¼nwljs vFkZ dks O;atuk ds }kjk½ cksf/kr djrk gS ¼vkSj½ “kCn Hkh vU; vFkZ
dk vkJ; ysdj gh ¼vFkkZr~ vU;kFkZ dk miLFkkid gksdj½ ¼O;atd gksrk gS½] ¼bl izdkj vuqiifÙk fn[kkus ds ckn
miifÙk fn[kkrs gSa½A ,dL;sfr & vr% ,d ds ¼”kCn vkSj vFkZ esa ls fdlh ,d ds½ O;atd gksus ij nwljs dh
lgdkfjrk ¼gksrh½ gS vFkkZr~ viz/kku dkj.k gksrk gSA ¼viz/kkukRoa p O;ofgrksidkfjRosu & vkSj viz/kkurk mls
dgrs gSa tgka midkfjrk O;ofgr gksrh gS½A18A
vfHk/kkfnrz;ksikf/koSf”kf’VÓkfuUrzfuRrzfo/kks er%A
“kCnks·fi okpdLr}Yy{kdks O;atdLrFkkAA19AA
rkRi;kZ[;ka o`fÙkekgq% inkFkkZUo;cks/kusA
rkRi;kZFkZ rnFkZ p okD;a Hkn~cks/kda ijsAA20AA
vFkZ & “kCn Hkh vfHk/kk vkfn rhu ¼vfHk/kk] y{k.kk vkSj O;atuk½ mikf/k dh ¼O;kikj fo”ks’k dh½ fof”k’Vrk ds
dkj.k okpd] y{kd vkSj O;atd ¼rhu Hksnksa esa foHkDr½ gksrk gSA vfHk/kk “kfDr ftldk O;kikj gS og okpd]
y{k.kksikf/kd y{kd vkSj O;atuksik/kd O;atd ¼dgykrk½ gSA19A
vFkZ & dqN yksx ¼dqekjHkV~V izHk`fr ehekalkpk;Z vkSj izkphu uS;kf;d½ inksa ds vFkks± ds vUo; dk Kku djkus esa
¼vFkkZr~ in ds vFkZ dk Kku djkus esa½ rkRi;Z uked o`fÙk dks ¼O;kikj dks½ Lohdkj djrs gSaA ¼rFkk½ ml
rkRi;Zo`fÙk ds izfrik| vFkZ dks rkRi;kZFkZ rFkk okD; dks gh ml rkRi;kZFkZ dk cks/kd ¼miLFkkid½ dgrs gSaA20A
1 lkfgR;niZ.k ds jpf;rk dkSu gS \
2 lkfgR;niZ.k ds f}rh; ifjPNsn esa fdruh dkfjdk,a gS \
3 fo”oukFk ds vuqlkj dkO; dk D;k y{k.k gS \
4 y{k.kk ds fdrus Hksn gSa \
5 “kCn&”kfDr eq[; :i ls fdrus izdkj dh gksrh gS \
3-5 lkjka”k
lkfgR;niZ.k nl ifjPNsnksa esa foHkDr lok±xiw.kZ y{k.kxzUFk gSA blesa dkO;”kkL= vkSj ukV~;”kkL= nksuksa lekfo’V
gSaA dkfjdk&o`fÙk&mnkgj.k ds :i esa ;g xzUFk gSA mnkgj.k cgqr izkphu gSa fdUrq dqN ys[kd ds firk&firkeg
ds gSa] dqN muds vius Hkh gSaA blesa ôkD;a jlkReda dkO;e~* dkO;y{k.k ds :i esa fn;k x;k gSA nks’k dk
dkO;kid’kZd vkSj xq.kkyadkjjhfr dk mRd’kZ&gsrq ds :i esa izfriknu fd;k x;k gSA lkfgR;niZ.k ds izFke
ifjPNsn esa dkO;Qy] dkO;y{k.k] dkO; dk Lo:i] nks’kLo:i rFkk xq.kLo:i dk fo”ys’k.k fd;k x;k gSA blds
f}rh; ifjPNsn esa okD; Lo:i] egkdkO;] iny{k.k] vFkZ dh f=fo/krk] vfHk/kk] ladsr] y{k.kk] y{k.kk ds Hksn]
O;atuk] rkRi;Z fu.kkZ;d ,oa rkRi;Zo`fÙk vkfn fo’k;ksa dk foospu fd;k x;k gSA lkekU;r% blesa fu’d’kZ :i
bdkbZ&3 146
fl)kUr fn, x, gSaA “kkL=kFkZ ls nwj jgus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA ;g xzUFk iwohZ Hkkjr esa cgqr izpfyr gqvk]
vr% bldh Vhdk,¡ ogha fy[kh xbZA ykspu ¼fo”oukFk ds iq= vuUrnkl&d`r½] foo`fr ¼jkepj.k rdZ&okxh”k½
bR;kfn izfl) Vhdk,a gSA fgUnh esa “kyxzke “kkL=h dh foeyk rFkk lR;ozr flag dh foLr`r “kks/kiw.kZ O;k[;k
iz[;kr gSaA iaŒ d`’.k eksgu “kkL=h dh laLd`r O;k[;k rFkk dsoy ifjPNsn 1] 2 rFkk 10 ij ihŒohŒ dk.ks dh
vaxzsth O;k[;k Hkh yksdfiz; gSA
3-6 eq[; “kCnkoyh
• prqoZxZQyizkfIr & /keZ] vFkZ] dke rFkk eks{k izkfIr
• okD; & okD; og inksa dk lewg gS ftlesa ;ksX;rk] vkdka{kk vkSj vklfDr jgrs gSa
• dkO; & jlkRed okD; gh dkO; gS
• vkIrksins”kkr~ & vkIr ds mins”k ls
• o`) O;ogkjkr~ & cM+ksa ds O;ogkj ls
1 fo”oukFk
2 20
3 ^ôkD;a jlkReda dkO;e~**
4 80
5 3
1 fo”oukFk ds vuqlkj dkO;&y{k.k dh leh{kk dhft,A
2 okD; ds Lo:i dks Li’V djrs gq, mlds Hksnksa dk o.kZu dhft,A
3 rkRi;Zo`fr dk foospu dhft,A
4 dkO;&iz;kstu fo’k;d vo/kkj.kk dks izLrqr dhft,A
5 vfHk/kk] y{k.kk ,oa O;atuk “kCn&”kfDr dk fo”ys’k.k dhft,A
1 lkfgR;niZ.k & MkWŒ fu:i.k fo|kyadkj] lkfgR; Hk.Mkj] lqHkk’k cktkj] esjB
3 lkfgR;niZ.k & MkWŒ lR;ozr flag
4 lkfgR;niZ.k & fu:i.k fo|kyadkj
5 laLdr”kk=ksa dk bfrgkl & vkpk;Z cynso mik/;k;
6 lkfgR;niZ.k & ihŒohŒ dk.ks eksrhyky cukjlhnkl] fnYyh
bdkbZ & 4
lkfgR;niZ.k ¼3-1&3-29] vyadkj½
bdkbZ dh :ijs[kk
4-1 ifjp;
4-3-1 jl ¼3-1&3-29½
4-3-2 vyadkj
4-5 lkjka”k
4-6 eq[; “kCnkoyh
4-1 ifjp;
vkpk;Z fo”oukFk dfojkt us vius lkfgR;niZ.k uked xzUFk ds izFke ifjPNsn esa dkO; dh ifjHkk’kk ^ôkD;a
jlkRedaa dkO;e~** dh gSA bl ifjHkk’kk ds vuqlkj ^ôkD;e~** dk fo”kn fu:i.k lkfgR;niZ.k ds f}rh; ifjPNsn
esa fd;k x;k gSA r`rh; ifjPNsn dk izkjEHk jl ds foospu ds lkFk gqvk gSA
vFk dks·;a jl
;g jl D;k gS \ bldk mÙkj lkfgR;niZ.kdkj fo”oukFk dfojkt us bl izdkj fn;k gS &
foHkkosukuqHkkosu O;Dr% lapkfj.kk rFkkA
jlrkesfr jR;kfn% LFkkf;Hkko% lpsrlke~AA lkŒnŒ 3-1
vFkkZr~ foHkko] vuqHkko rFkk lapkjh Hkkoksa ds }kjk vfHkO;Dr gq;s jfr vkfn LFkk;h&Hkko lân; lkekftdksa
ds ân; lkekftdksa ds ân; esa jlrk dks izkIr gksrs gSaA dgus dk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd ;|fi vuqdk;Z uk;dkfndksa
ds ân; esa jR;kfn LFkk;hHkko fo|eku jgrs gSa] vr% jlkuqHkwfr Hkh mUgha dks gksuh pkfg, Fkh ijUrq iqujfi dkO;kFkZ
dh Hkkouk ls jl dh izrhfr lân; lkekftdksa ds ân; esa gh gksrh gS] vuqdk;Z uk;dkfndksa ds ân;ksa esa ughaA
bu mi;qZDr foHkko vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkkoksa esa ls foHkko dh O;k[;k bl izdkj dh xbZ gS & ^^foHkkO;Urs
vkLoknkadqjizknqHkkZo &;ksX;k% fØ;Urs lkekftdjR;kfnHkkok ,fHk% bfr foHkkok%** & vFkkZr~ budks foHkko blfy;s
bdkbZ&4 148
dgk tkrk gS D;ksafd buls lkekftdksa ds ân; esa fo|eku jfr vkfn Hkko jlkLokn dh vfHkO;fDr ds ;ksX;
cuk, tkrs gSaA bl foHkko ds nks Hksn gksrs gSa & ¼1½ vkyEcufoHkko vkSj ¼2½ mÌhiufoHkkoA bu nksuksa foHkkoksa esa ls
vkyEcufoHkko Jh jkepUnz vkfn uk;d gksrs gSa D;ksafd mUgha dk vkJ; ysdj jl dh vfHkO;fDr gksrh gSA dgus
dk vk”k; ;g gS fd jkepUnz th ds fy, lhrk th vkyEcu foHkko gSa D;ksafd lhrk dk vkJ; ysdj jke ds
ân; esa jl dk vkfoHkkZo gksrk gSaA blh izdkj lhrk th ds fy;s jkepUnz th vkyEcufoHkko gS D;ksafd lhrk th
ds ân; esa jke dks vkJ; ekudj gh jl dk mnzsd gks jgk gSA vr% jke vkSj lhrk nksuksa ,d&nwljs ds fy, jl
vfHkO;fDr esa vkyEcufoHkko gSa] vFkkZr~ jke ds fy, lhrk vkSj lhrk ds fy, jke vkyEcufoHkko gSA bl izdkj
vkyEcufoHkko dk y{k.k gqvk & ^^jlizo`fÙk &HkwrjR;k|kJ;RoekyEcufoHkkoRoe~** bfrA mÌhiufoHkko dk y{k.k
bl izdkj fd;k gS &
mÌhiufoHkkokLrs jleqÌhi;fUr ;sAA lkŒnŒ 3-131
vFkkZr~ tks jl dks mÌhfir vFkkZr~ vfr”k; iqf’V dks ys tkrs gSa] os ^^mÌhiu& foHkko** dgykrs gSa vkSj ;s
mÌhiufoHkko vkyEcu uk;d] ukf;dk vkSj izfruk;d izHk`fr dh ps’Vk;sa rFkk ns”k&dky vkfn gksrs gSaA
vuqHkko dk y{k.k
mn~cq)a dkj.kS% LoS%LoScZfgHkkZoa izdk”k;u~A
yksds ; dk;Z:i% lks·uqHkko% dkO;ukV~;;ks%AA lkŒnŒ 3-132
vFkkZr~ vius&vius dkj.kksa ls mn~cq) LFkk;hHkko dks ckgj izdkf”kr djus okyk yksd esa tks dk;Z dgk
tkrk gS og dkO; vkSj ukV~; ds vUnj iqu% ^^vuqHkko** uke ls dgk tkrk gSA bu vuqHkko dh “kkfCnd O;qRifÙk
bl izdkj gS & ^^jR;knhu~ LFkkf;u% vuqHkko;fUr vuqHkofo’k;hdqoZUrhfr vuqHkkok%**A bl izdkj fL=;ksa ds vaxt
rFkk LoHkkot vyadkj ,oa lkfRodHkko ,oa lkfRodHkko vkSj jR;kfn ls mRiUu vU; ps’Vk, vuqHkko dgykrh gSA
lapkjhHkko dk y{k.k
lapkjhHkko gh O;fHkpkjhHkko ds uke ls dgs tkrs gSaA bl O;fHkpkjhHkko dk y{k.k bl izdkj fd;k x;k
gS&
fo”ks’kknkfHkeq[;su pj.kkn~ O;fHkpkfj.k%A
LFkkf;U;qUeXufueZXukL=fLa=”kPp rfönk%AA lkŒnŒ 3-140
vFkkZr~ foHkko vkSj vuqHkko dh vis{kk dh vis{kk fo”ks’k:i ls vkLokn dh vfHkO;fDr esa vuqdwy gksus ds
dkj.k jr vkfn esa jl:i ls mRiUu gksrs gq, bR;kfn LFkk;hHkko esa vkfoHkwZr vkSj frjksHkwr gksus okys /keZ
O;fHkpkjhHkko dgs tkrs gSaA ;s O;kfHkpkjh Hkko la[;k esa de ls de rSarhl ekus x;s gSaA
LFkk;hHkko dk y{k.k
vfo#)k fo#)k ok ;a frjks/kkrqe{kek%A
vkLoknkadqjdUnks·lkS Hkko% LFkk;hfr laer%AA lkŒnŒ 3-174
vFkkZr~ vfo#) vFkok Hkko ftl dks fNikus ls vleFkZ gksrs gSa rFkk tks vkLok:i jl ds vadqj dk
ewyHkwr gS] og Hkko ^^LFkk;hHkko** dgykrk gSA bu LFkk;hHkkoksa ds fo’k; esa ukV~Ó”kkL= esa dgk x;k gS fd &
;Fkk ujk.kka u’Vifr% f”k’;k.kka p ;Fkk xq#%A

,oa fg loZHkkouka Hkko% LFkk;h egkfugAA
dgus dk lkj ;g gs fd ftl izdkj leku y{k.k okys vkSj leku vax&izR;ax okys gksrs gq, Hkh dqN
iq#’k dqy] “khy] fo|k] deZ vkSj f”kYi esa foy{k.krk ls ;qDr gq, jktRo dks izkIr djrs gSa vkSj dqN mUgha esa ls
eUncqf) okys gksrs gq;s vuqpj gksrs gSaA mlh izdkj foHkko] vuqHkko vkSj lapkjhHkko dk vkJ; ysrs gSaA buesa ls
xw<kJ; okys eq[;:is.k LFkk;h:i ls LFkk;h:i ls LFkk;hHkko gksrs gSa vkSj vU; Hkko xkS.k gksrs gSa rFkk
O;fHkpkjhHkko ifjtu:i ls gksrs gSaA ;s LFkk;hHkko la[;k esa lkfgR;niZ.kdkj dh lEefr esa nl gSaA r|Fkk &
jfrgkZl”p “kksd”p Øks/kksRlkgkS Hk;a rFkkA
tqxqIlk foLe;”psRFke’VkS izksDrk% “keks·fi pAA lkŒnŒ 3-175
vFkkZr~ jfr] gkl] “kksd] Øks/k] mRlkg] Hk;] tqxqIlk vkSj foLe; & ;s vkSj “ke Hkh LFkk;hHkko gksrk gSA
bl izdkj ;gka ij ukS LFkk;hHkkoksa dk ifjx.ku fd;k x;k gSA oLrqr% lkfgR;niZ.k vkB gh LFkk;hHkkoksa dks ekurs
gSa vkSj blh dks /ofur djus ds fy, mUgksaus ^^vk’VkS izksDrk%** ,slk dkfjdk esa dgk Hkh gS vkSj ckn esa
^^”keks·fip** dgdj “ke dks Hkh LFkk;hHkko ds :i esa Lohdkj dj fy;k gSA ;gka ^vfi p* ls oRlyrk dk Hkh
xzg.k dj ysuk pkfg, D;ksafd vkxs pydj dgk x;k gSA
jl dk Lo:i
^^jtLreksH;keLi`’Va eu% lRofegksP;rs** bl izkphu vkpk;ks± dh mfDr ds vuqlkj jtksxq.k vkSj reksxq.k bu nksuksa
ds lEidZ ls vLi`’Va vUr%dj.k l jl fu:i.k ds izlax esa lRo dgykrk gSA bl izdkj jtksxq.k vkSj reksxq.k
ds chtHktr ekuo/keks± dks frjLd`r djds lÙoxq.k ds vnzsd ls v[k.M vFkkZr~ iw.kZ vFkkZr~ foHkko vkfn rFkk jfr
vkfn dk izdk”k ,oa lq[k vkSj peRdkj & bu lcls vfHkUu ,rnkRe &Lo:i] Lo;a izdk”kLo:i vFkkZr~ bldk
dksbZ vU; izdk”kd ugha gS] vFkkZr~ ftl izdkj Kku ds vuUrj viuk Kku ?kVkfn dks izdkf”kr dj nsrk gS] mlh
izdkj jl Lo;a gh vius vkidks izdkf”kr djrk gS] vkuUne; vkSj fpUe; vFkkZr~ peRdkje;] jlkLokn ds le;
vU; Js; fo’k; ds lEidZ ls “kwU; vFkkZr~ ftl le; fdlh vU; Ks; fo’k; dk Kku ugha gksrk gS] vr% ,o
czãkLoknlgksnj vFkkZr~ ijekRek ds lk{kkRdkj ds leku ¼ijekRe dk ds Kku ds le; dsoy czãlw= dh
vuqHkwfr gksrh gS fdUrq jl dh vuqHkwfr ds le; esa foHkkokfndksa dh Hkh vuqHkwfr gksrh gSA blfy, bl jl dks
cãkuUnlgksnj dgk gS] czãkuUn ugha½] vykSfdd peRdkj gS izk.k ftldk ,slk jl dgykrk gSA
jl dh vykSfddrk
foHkko] vuqHkko vkSj lapkjhHkkoksa ds la;ksx ls jl dh vfHkO;fDr gksrh gSA bl vfHkO;fDr gksus okyk jl ¼1½ KkI;
ugha gS D;ksafd tks oLrq KkI; vFkkZr~ Kku dk fo’k; gksrh gS] og dHkh&dHkh izrhfr dk fo’k; ugha Hkh gqvk djrh
gSA ;Fkk&fNik gqvk ?kVA ijUrq jl ds fo’k; esa ,slk ugha dgk tk ldrk vFkkZr~ jl gks vkSj mldh izrhfr u
gks] ,slk dHkh gks ugha ldrk gSA ijUrq blds foijhr tc jl dh lÙkk gksrh gS mldk vuqHko lân;
lkekftdksa ds ân;ksa esa vo”; gksrk gSA ,slk ugha gks ldrk fd jl rks gks] ijUrq mldk vuqHko ugha gksA vr%
;g jl viuh lÙkk esa dHkh O;kfHkpfjr ugha gksrk gS] blfy;s KkI; ugha gSA ¼2½ jl dk;Z ugha gS D;ksafd ;g
foHkkokfn lewgkyEcukRed gSA dgus dk vk”k; ;g gS fd ;g jl vfoHkko] vuqHkko vkSj lapkjhHkko ds Kku ls
mRiUu gksus okyk ugha gSA ;fn jl dk;Z gksrk gS rks mldk dkj.k foHkkokfn Kku gh gksrk fdUrq jl dh izrhfr
ds le; foHkkokfn dh izrhfr gh ugha gksrh gSA fu;e ;g gS fd dkj.k dk Kku vkSj dkj.k ds dk;Z ¼jl½ dk
Kku ,d le; esa dHkh ugha gksrkA pUnu ds Li”kZ dk Kku vkSj pUnu Li”kZ ls mRiUu lq[k dk Kku ,d lkFk
bdkbZ&4 150
,d le; esa ugha gksrk gSA foHkkokfn lewgkyEcukRed Kku :i ls gh jl dh izrhfr gksrh gSA vr% foHkkokfn
Kku jl dk dkj.k ugha gSA ifj.kker% jl dk;Z Hkh ugha gSA
bl izdkj ds fo’k; esa mi;qZDr lkekU; /keks± dk fujkdj.k djus ds mijkUr mlds okLrfod Lo:i dk
izfriknu djrs gSa & ^^rLeknykSfdd% lR;s os|% lân;Sj;e~**A
bl izdkj lân; lkekftdksa ds }kjk laos| ;g jl vykSfdd gh ¼lR;e~½ gSA
bl bdkbZ esa ge lkfgR;niZ.k ds vuqlkj jl dk fu:i.k djus ds mijkUr lkfgR;niZ.k ds vuqlkj
eq[; 20 vyadkjksa dk Hkh foospu djsaxsA ftlesa pkj “kCnkyadkjksa] pkSng vFkkZyadkjksa rFkk nks mHk;kyadkjksa dk
foospu fd;k tk,xkA
• jl ds Lo:i dks Li’V dj ldsaxs(
• fo”oukFk dh ^jlkLokn* fo’k;d vo/kkj.kk dks izLrqr dj ldsaxs(
• jl ds vykSfddRo dh leh{kk dj ik,axs(
• vyadkj ds Lo:i rFkk mlds Hksnksa ls ifjfpr gks ldsaxs(
• izeq[k vyadkjksa dk y{k.k ,oa mnkgj.k lfgr foospu dj ik,axsA
4-3-1 jl ¼3-1&3-29½
foHkkosukuqHkkosu O;Dr% lapkfj.kk rFkkA
jlrkesfr jR;kfn% LFkk;hHkko% lpsrlke~AA1AA
vFkZ & blds ckn ¼okD; ds fu:i.k ds vuUrj½ ;g ¼dkO; y{k.k½ ;g ¼dkO; y{k.k esa fufo’V½ jl D;k oLrq gS
\ bldk fu:i.k djrs gSa & foHkko ¼vkyEcu& LFkk;hHkko dks tkx`r djus ds eq[; dkj.k] Jàxkj esa pkanuh]
xhrok| vkSj vkyEcu dh ps’Vk,a½] vuqHkko ¼Hkkoksa ds ckáO;atd] tSls Øks/k esa eq[k dk yky gks tkuk] ;s
dk;Z:i gksrs gSa½ rFkk lapkjh ¼LFkk;hHkkoksa dks iq’V djus okys] tSls d:.kk esa nSU;½ ¼Hkkoksa½ ds }kjk vfHkO;Dr
gksdj bR;kfn ¼jfr] gkl vkfn½ LFkk;hHkko lkekftd ds ¼ân; esa½ jlrk dks ¼jlRo:i dks½ izkIr gksrs gSa vFkkZr~
jl :i ls ifj.kfr dks izkIr gksrs gSaA1A
lÙoksnzsdkn[k.MLoizdk”kkuUnfpUe;%A
os|kUrjLi”kZ”kwU;ks czãkLoknlgksnj%AA2AA
vFkZ & lRoxq.k ds mnzsd gksus ds dkj.k dqN fo}kuksa ds }kjk v[kaM ¼iw.kZ½] Lo;a izdk”kLo:i] ¼bldk dksbZ vU;
izdk”kd ugha gS½ ¼ftl izdkj vki ds vuUrj viuk Kku ?kVkfn dks izdkf”kr dj nsrk gS] mlh izdkj jl gh
vius vkidks izdkf”kr dj nsrk gS½] vkuUne; vkSj fpUe; ¼peRdkje;½ ¼jlLokn ds le;½ vU;Ks; fo’k; ds
lEidZ ls “kwU; ¼jfgr½ ¼vFkkZr~ jlkLokn ds le; xzUFk Kku dh miyfC/k ugha gksrh gS½ vr,o czãkLokn lgksnj
gS vFkkZr~ ijekRek ds lk{kkRdkj ds leku gSA ¼ijek.kq ds Kku ds le; esa dsoy czãek= dh vuqHkwfr gksrh gS]
fdUrq jl dh vuqHkwfr ds le; esa foHkkokfndksa dh Hkh vuqHkwfr gksrh gS] blfy;s lgksnjRo dgk gSA½A2A
yksdksÙkjpeRdkjizk.k% dSf”pr~ izekr`fHk%A

LokdkjonfHkUuRosuk;ekLok|rs jl%AA3AA
vFkZ & ^^jtLreksH;keLi`’Va eu% lRofegksP;s** bl ¼izkphu mfDr½ ds vuqlkj cká ykSfdd fo’k;ksa ls ¼Ks;½
foeq[krk dks ¼Kku ds vuqdwy O;kikj dk vHkko½ djus okyk dksbZ ¼vfufnZ’VLo:i½ vkUrfjd /keZ ¼xq.kfo”ks’k½
lRo dgykrk gS] ¼mldk½ ¼mDr Lo:i lrksxq.k dk½ mnzsd&jtksxq.k vkSj reksxq.k ¼uked dke vkSj yksHk ds
chpHkwr ekuo/keks± dks frjLd`r djds ¼vius dk;Z esa v{e djds vFkkZr~ loZFkk gVkdj½ vkfoHkko gksuk ¼vius dk;Z
esa l{ke gksdj fLFkj jguk½ ^^mnzsd** in dk vFkZ gS vkSj ;gka ij vFkkZr~ lRo ds mnzsd esa ml izdkj ds ¼lRo ds
mnzsd esa mRiUu djus okyk tks½ vykSfdd dkO;kFkZ ¼yksdksÙkj foHkkokuqHkkokfn½ dk ifj”khyu ¼Hkkouk½ bl
lRoksnzsd dk dkj.k gksrk gSA ¼v[k.M in dh O;k[;k djrs gSa½ v[k.M bfr & ^^v[k.M** in dk ;g vfHkizk; gS
fd foHkko vkfn rFkk jfr vkfn dk izdk”k ,oa lq[k vkSj peRdkj bu lcls vfHkUu ,rnkRek jl ,d gh gSA3A
d#.kknkofi jls tk;rs ;Rija lq[ke~A
lpsrlkeuqHko% izek.ka r= dsoye~AA4AA
fdap rs’kq ;nk nq%[ka u dks·fi L;kÙknqUeq[k%A
vFkZ & d#.kksfr & ¼d#.kkfn jlksa esa Hkh lq[ke;rk gh gS & vr% lân;ksa ds vuqHko dks izek.k ekudj fujkdj.k
djrs gSa½ d#.k vkfn jlksa esa Hkh ¼”kksd] Hk; vkfn LFkk;hHkko gksus ds dkj.k½ tks vR;Ur vkuUn gksrk gS mlesa
¼ml vkuUnkuqHkko ds fo’k; esa½ lân;ksa dk vuqHko gh izek.k gSA
;fn muesa ¼d#.k] chHkRl] Hk;kud vkfn jlksa esa½ nq%[k ¼gksrk½ gks ¼”kksdkfn dk;Z gksa½ ¼rc½ dksbZ Hkh
¼O;fDr½ d#.kkfn jlksa ds izfriknd dkO;kfn ds lquus esa izo`Ùk u gksA ¼vfirq d#.kkfn jlksa ds lq[ke; gksus ds
dkj.k gh lHkh dks mu dkO;ksa dks Jo.k djus esa izo`fÙk gksrh gS½ ¼L;kr dqrwgy ds fufeÙk nq%[k”khy d#.kkfn
jlksa ds dkO; dks lquus dh izo`fÙk gks] vr% dgrs gSa½A4A
rFkk jkek;.kknhuka Hkfork nq%[kgsrqrkAA5AA
gsrqRoa “kksdg’kkZnsxZrsH;ks yksdlaJ;kr~A
“kksdg’kkZfn;ks yksds tk;Urka uke ykSfddk%AA6AA
vykSfddfoHkkoRoa izkIrsH;% dkO;laJ;kr~A
lq[ka latk;rs rsH;% losZH;ks·ihfr dk {kfr%AA7AA
vFkZ & ;Fkk & ¼d#.kkfn jlksa ds nq%[ke; Lohdkj djus ij d#.k jl iz/kku½ jkek;.k vkfn ¼vkfn in ls
d#.kkfoizyEHk iz/kku mÙkjjkepfjr dk Hkh xzg.k gks tk;sxk½ ¼dkO;ksa½ Hkh nq%[k ds gsrq ekuus iM+sxsaA5A
vFkZ & nq%[k ds dkj.kksa ls ¼jkekfn foHkkoksa ls½ lq[k dh mRifÙk dSls gksxh \ bldk mÙkj nsrs gSa &
yksd ds ¼pjkpj oLrqtkr½ laJ; ¼lalxZ vFkok LoHkko½ ls “kksd] g’kZ vkfn dh dkj.krk dks izkIr gq;s
¼ouoklkfn½ ls lalkj esa ykSfdd “kksd] g’kZ vkfn mRiUu gqvk djsa ¼ftl izdkj jke ds ouokl esa jke dk nq%[k
ykSfdd Fkk½ ijUrq dkO; ds lEcU/k ls vykSfdd foHkkou dks ¼foy{k.k dkj.krk dks½ izkIr gq;s mu lHkh ls
¼ykSfdd “kksd] g’kZ ds fufeÙk ouoklkfndksa ls½ lq[k ¼gh½ mRiUu gksrk gS] bl izdkj dh dYiuk esa D;k gkfu gS
\ vFkkZr~ dqN Hkh gkfu ugha gSA6&7A
bdkbZ&4 152
vJq ikrknn;Lr}n~ nzqrRokPpsrlks erk% &

fpÙk ds nzqr gks tkus ds dkj.k ¼fpÙkL; ln;Roeso nzqrRoe~½ ¼vFkkZr~ lq[k gksus ij Hkh fpÙk ds nzfor gks
tkus ds dkj.k vJq ikl gksrk gS½ lq[k dh mRifÙk dh rjg ¼r}r½ ¼lkekftdksa ds½s vJqikrkfnd gksrs gSaA
vFkZ & ¼;fn lEiw.kZ dkO; gh vkg~ykn dk dkj.k gS½ rks dkO; ls lHkh dh ¼loZlk/kkj.kksa dh Hkh½ bl izdkj dh
¼vkg~ykn gsrq Hkwr½ jlkfHkO;fDr D;ksa ugha gksrh gS \ bR;r vkg & bldk mÙkj nsrs gSa &
jl dk vkLokn jR;kfn dh okluk ds fcuk ¼jR;kfn ds lkFk rknkRE; ls izrhfr gksus okyh okluk ds
fcuk½ ugha gksrk gSA ¼vFkkZr~ jR;kfn dh oklukys gh jl dk vkLokn ys ikrs gSa] nwljs ughaA okluk in ;gka ij
laLdkj fo”ks’k dk cks/ku djrk gS½A8A
O;kikjks·fLr foHkkoknsukEuk lk/kkj.khd`fr%A
rRizHkkos.k ;L;klu~ ikFkksf/kIyoukn;%AA9AA
izekrk rnHksnsu LokRekua izfri|rsA
vFkZ & iz”u & ufUofr & jkekfn dh jfr ds mn~cks/kd dkj.k ¼dkO; vkSj ukVd ds vUnj ns[ks vkSj lqus x;s½
lhrkfndksa ls lkekftdksa dh jfr dk mn~cks/k dSls gksrk gS \ bldk mÙkj nsrs gSa &
foHkko] vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkkoksa dk ¼vkfn in ls vuqHkko vkSj lapkjh Hkkoksa dk Hkh xzg.k gksrk gS½
O;kikj ¼lkeF;Z fo”ks’k½ gS ¼tks½ uke ls lk/kkj.khd`fr ¼lk/kkj.khdj.k½ dgykrk gSA ml lk/kkj.khdj.k ds izHkko ls
ftlds ¼jke ds ;k guqeku ds½ leqnz dks ikj djuk vkfn vFkok leqnz dks yka?kuk vkfn ¼vkfn in ls jko.k dks
ekjuk vkfn dk Hkh xzg.k gksrk gS½ FksA fo}ku~ lkekftd jke ds lkFk vFkok guqeku ds lkFk vHksn gksus ds dkj.k
¼rknkRE; Hkko ls½ vius Lo:i dks izkIr dj ysrk gSA9A
mRlkgkfnleqn~cks/k% lk/kkj.;kfHkekur%AA10AA
u`.kkefi leqnzkfnya?kuknkS u nq’;frA
lk/kkj.;su jR;kfnjfi r}Rizrh;rsAA11AA
vFkZ & ufUofr & ¼vYi”kfDr½ euq’;ek= dh leqnz & ya?kukfn esa ¼nq’dj dk;Z esa½ ¼^^vkfn** in ls jko.k ds guu
dk xzg.k gksrk gS½ dSls mRlkg gksrk gS \ bldk mÙkj nsrs gSa &
¼foHkkokfn ds lk/kkj.khdj.k O;kikj ds dkj.k½ lkekU; euq’;ksa dk Hkh guqeku izHk`fr ds lkFk ml le;
Hksn Kku dh fuo`fÙkiwoZd lk/kkj.k;kfHkekuls ¼lk/kkj.khdj.k uked O;kikj ls viuk jkekfndksa ls vHksnKku gks
tkus ds dkj.k½ leqnzkfn ds ya?kukfn esa mRlkgkfndksa dk lE;d~ mn; gks tkuk nwf’kr ugha gSA10A
vFkZ & ¼Jàxkjkfn jlksa ds LFkk;hHkko½ jfr vkfnd Hkh ¼^^vkfn** in ls jfr ls fHkUu lHkh LFkk;hHkkoksa dk xzg.k
gksrk gS½ ¼lkekftdksa ds }kjk½ izrhr gksrs gSa] bldk izfriknu djrs gSa &
jfr vkfn Hkh ¼vkfn fo’k;d jkekfn dk vuqjkx vkfn HkhA ^^vkfn** in ls mRlkgkfn dk Hkh xzg.k gksrk
gS½ leqnzya?kukfn esa mRlkgkfn dh rjg ¼r}r~½ lk/kkj.khdj.k O;kikj ds }kjk ¼jkekfn ds lkFk vius vHksn Kku
ds }kjk½ ¼lkekftdksa dks½ izrhr gksrs gSaA
¼gsrq nsrs gSa½ jfr vkfn dh Hkh ¼jl dk rks dguk gh D;k½ vkRexrRosu izrhr gksus ij lân;ksa dks yTtk
vkSj Hk; gks ¼vkRexrRosu jfr dh izrhfr gksus ij firk vkfn rFkk xq#tuksa ds lkfUu/; ls yTtk dh izrhfr
gksxhA jR;kfn & ;gka ij ^^vkfn** in ls gklkfndksa dk xzg.k gksrk gS½ vkSj uk;d vkfn vU; iq#’kxr jfr vkfn
dh izrhfr gksus ij jlkLokn dk mPNsn gks tkosA11A
ijL; u ijL;sfr eesfr u eesfr pA
rnkLokns foHkkokns% ifjPNsnks ufo|rsAA12AA
vFkZ & jlkLkn ds le; foHkkokfndksa dk ;s ¼foHkkokfn½ esjs gSa vFkok esjs ugha gSa & vU; ds gSa vFkok vU; ds
ugha gSa] bl fo”ks’k:i ls ifjPNsn vFkkZr~ lEcU/kfo”ks’k dk Lohdkj vFkok ifjgkj ugha gksrkA12A
foHkkoukfnO;kikjeykSfddeqis;q’kke~A
vykSfddRoesrs’kka Hkw’k.ka u rq nw’k.ke~AA13AA
vFkZ & ^foHkkou* vkfn vykSfdd O;kikj dks izkIr gks tkus ij foHkkokfndksa dk vykSfddRo] Hkw’k.k gh gS] nw’k.k
ughaA rkRi;Z ;g gS fd ;|fi jke lhrk rFkk pUnzksn;kfn vkyEcuksÌhiu foHkko vkSj dVk{k] Hkzwfo{ksikfn vuqHkko
,oa ozhMk vkfn lapkjh yksdfl) gh gksrs gSa] ijUrq dkO;kfn esa fuc) gksus ls muesa ^foHkkou* vkfn vykSfdd
O;kikj vk tkrk gSA blh dk uke ^lk/kkj.khd`fr* Hkh gSA blh vykSfdd O;kikj ls ;qDr gksus ds dkj.k foHkkokfn
vykSfdd dgrs gSaA13A
dk;Zdkj.klapkfj:ik vfi fg yksdr%A
jlksn~cks/ks foHkkok|k% dkj.kkU;so rs erk%AA14AA
vFkZ & yksd esa dk;Z] dkj.k rFkk lapkjh:i gksus ij Hkh jlksn~cks/k esa foHkkokfnd dkj.k gh ekus tkrs gSa] D;ksafd
iwoksZDr vykSfdd foHkkoukfnd O;kikj ds }kjk lHkh jl dks mn~cksf/kr djrs gSaA bl dkfjdk ds ^dkj.kkfu* in esa
cgqopu foof{kr ugha gSA dkj.krkek= cks/ku djus esa rkRi;Z gSA foHkkokfndksa esa i`Fkd~ i`Fkd~ dkj.krk ugha gSA
lc feydj gh dkj.k gksrs gSaA14A
izrh;eku% izFkea izR;sda gsrq#P;rsAA
rr% lafefyr% loksZ foHkkokfn% lpsrlke~AA15AA
izikudjlU;k;kPpO;Zek.kks jlks Hkosr~AA16AA
vFkZ & igys foHkkokfn i`Fkd~ i`Fkd~ izrhr gksrs gSaA mlh le; mUgsa gsrq dgk tkrk gSA blds vuUrj Hkkouk ds
cy ls vkSj O;atuk dh efgek ls pO;Zek.k ¼vkLok|eku½ lc lfEefyr foHkkokfnd lân;ksa ds ân; esa] izikud
jl dh Hkkafr] v[k.M ,d jl ds :i esa ifj.kr gks tkrs gSaA15&16A
lökoÜpsf}Hkkokns}Z;ksjsdL; ok Hkosr~A
>fVR;U;lek{ksis rnk nks’kks u fo|rsAA17A
vFkZ & foHkkokfndksa esa ls nks vFkok ,d ds mifuc) gksus ij tgk¡ izdj.kkfn ds dkj.k “ks’k dk >V ls vk{ksi gks
tk; ogk¡ dqN nks’k ughaA17A
ikfjfeR;kYykSfddRokRlkUrjk;r;k rFkkA
vuqdk;ZL; jR;kns#n~cks/kks u jlks Hkosr~AA18AA
vFkZ & ifjfer] ykSfdd vkSj lkUrjk; gksus ds dkj.k vuqdk;Zfu’B jR;kfn dk mn~cks/k jl ugha gks ldrkA18A
bdkbZ&4 154
f”k{kkH;klkfnek=s.k jk?kokns% l:irke~A

n”kZ;UurZdks uSo jlL;kLokndks Hkosr~AA19AA
vFkZ & vfHku; dh f”k{kk rFkk vH;klkfn ds dkj.k jkekfn ds :i dk vfHku; djusokyk uV] jl dk
vkLoknf;rk ugha gks ldrkA19A
dkO;kFkZHkkousuk;efi lH;ikLine~
;fn dkO;kFkZ dh Hkkouk ds }kjk ¼dsoy f”k{kkH;kl ls ugha½ uV Hkh vius esa jkekfn dh Lo:irk
fn[kyk;s rks og Hkh jlkLoknd gksus ds dkj.k lH;kasa ds e/; esa fxuk tk ldrk gSA
uk;a KkI;% LolÙkk;ka izrhR;O;fHkpkjr%AA20AA
vFkZ & jl KkI; ugha] D;ksafd viuh lÙkk esa dHkh izrhfr ls O;fHkpfjr ugha gksrkA tc gksrk gS rc vo”; gh
izrhr gksrk gSA20A
;Lekns’k foHkkokfnlewgkyEcukRed%A rLekUu dk;Z%
foHkkokfn lewgkyEcukRed gksus ds dkj.k] jl dk;Z Hkh ughaA
-----------------------uks fuR;% iwoZlaosnuksfT>r%A
vlaosnudkys fg u Hkkoks·I;L; fo|rsAA21AA
vFkZ & jl dks fuR; Hkh ugha dg ldrs] D;ksafd foHkkokfn Kku ds iwoZ mldk laosnu ¼Kku½ gksrk gh ughaA ;fn
dgks fd foHkkokfn dk Kku gh jl dk xzkgd gS] vr% mlds iwoZ fLFkr gksus ij Hkh jl izrhr ugha gksrk] ;g Hkh
Bhd ugha] D;ksafd vlaosnu ds le; jl dh lÙkk gh ugha gksrhA21A
ukfi Hkfo’;Ulk{kknkuUne;izdk”k:iRokr~A
dk;ZKkI;foy{k.kHkkokUuks orZekuks·fiAA22AA
vFkZ & jl Hkfo’;r~ vFkkZr~ Hkfo’;r~dky esa gksusokyk Hkh ugha dgk tk ldrk] D;ksafd og vkuUn?ku vkSj
izdk”k:i lk{kkRdkj ¼vuqHko½ dk fo’k; gksrk gSA ;fn Hkfo’;r~ gksrk rks vuqHko esa dSls vkrk \ dy gksusokyh
oLrq vkt ugha nh[kk djrhA lalkj dh lHkh oLrq,¡ ;k rks dk;Z gksrh gSa] ;k KkI;A ijUrq mDr jhfr ds vuqlkj
jl u dk;Z gS] u KkI;] vr% mls orZeku Hkh ugha dg ldrsA22A
foHkkokfnijke”kZfo’k;RokRlpsrlke~A
ijkuUne;Rosu laos|Roknfi LQqVe~AA23AA
u fufoZdYida Kkua rL; xzkgdfe’;rsA
vFkZ & jl dks fufoZdYidKku dk fo’k; Hkh ugha dg ldrsA fufoZdYidKku esa lEcU/k dk Hkku ugha gksrk vkSj
jl esa foHkkokfn dk ijke”kZ vFkkZr~ fof”k’VoSf”k’V~; lEcU/k izfrHkkflr gksrk gSA nwljs fufoZdYidKku fu’izdkjd
gksrk gSA mlesa fdlh /keZ dk izdkjrk:i ls Hkku ugha gksrk] ijUrq jl ijekuUne; gS] vr% mlesa vkuUne;Ro]
izdkjrk ls Hkkflr gksrk gS] blfy;s fufoZdYidKku jl dk xzkgd ughaA23A
rFkk·fHkykilalxZ;ksX;RofojgkUu pAA24A
lfodYidlaos|%
vFkZ & blh izdkj jl dks lfodYidKku ls laos| Hkh ugha eku ldrs] D;ksafd lfodYidKku ds fo’k;Hkwr lHkh
?kV iVkfn] “kCn ds }kjk izdkf”kr fd;s tk ldrs gSa] ijUrq jl esa ^vfHkyki&lalxZ* ¼opu&iz;ksx½ dh ;ksX;rk
ugha] vFkkZr~ jl dks “kCn ls ugha dg ldrsA og vfuoZpuh; gSA24A
---------------------------------lk{kkRdkjr;k u pA
ijks{kLrRizdk”kks ukijks{k% “kCnlaHkokr~AA25AA
vFkZ & jl dk izdk”k vFkkZr~ Kku ijks{k ugha] D;ksafd mldk lk{kkRdkj gksrk gS vkSj vijks{k Hkh ugha] D;ksafd
dkO;kfn ds “kCnksa ls og mRiUu gksrk gSA ;|fi cgqr ls osnkUrh yksx “kCn ls Hkh vijks{kKku dh mRifÙk ekurs
gSa] ijUrq ;g fl)kar loZlEer ugha gSA ;fn “kCn ls gh vijks{k&Kku gks tk;s rks Jqfr}kjk vkReLo:i& cks/ku
ds vuUrj fufnO;klu vkfn dh dksbZ vko”;drk gh u jgsA ;gh ckr loZrU= LorU= JhokpLifrfeJ us fy[kh
gSA25A
rLeknykSfdd% lR;a oS|% lân;Sj;e~A
lp iwNks rks] jl dk Lo:i vykSfdd] vfuoZpuh; gSA dsoy lân; iq#’k bldk vuqHko dj ldrs gSaA
izek.ka poZ.kSok= LokfHkUus fonq’kka ere~AA26AA
vFkZ & ^Lo* vFkkZr~ poZ.kk ls vfHkUu ¼vkLoknLo:i½ ml :i dh lÙkk esa lân; fo}kuksa dh poZ.kk gh izek.k
gSA26A
fu’iÙ;k poZ.kL;kL; fu’ifÙk#ipkjr%A
vFkZ & poZ.kk uked O;kikj dh mRifÙk gksrh gS] mlh dk mipkj ls jl esa Hkh iz;ksx dj nsrs gSa] vr% jl ds
fo’k; esa ^mRifÙk* “kCn xkS.k gSA oLrqr% jl dh mRifÙk ugha gksrhA
vokP;Rokfnda rL; o{;s O;atu:i.ksAA27AA
vFkZ & jl dk vokP;Ro O;atuk ds izdj.k esa dgsaxsA ;gk¡ ^vkfn in ls vy{;Ro dk xzg.k gSA jl u rks
vfHk/kk”kfDr ds }kjk okP; gksrk gS vkSj u y{k.kk ls y{; gksrk dsoy O;atuk ls O;aX; gksrk gSA27A
jR;kfnKkurknkRE;knso ;Leknzlks Hkosr~A
rrks·L; Loizdk”kRoe[k.MRoa p fl/;frAA28AA
vFkZ & jl dh fu’ifÙk] jR;kfn ds Kku ds Lo:i ls gh lEiUu gksrh gSA jl jR;kfnKkuLo:i gh gS vkSj Kku
dh Loizdk”krk rFkk v[k.Mrk fl) gh gSA vr,o jl Hkh Loizdk”k vkSj v[k.M fl) gksrk gSA28A
jR;k|qn~cks/kdk yksds foHkkok% dkO;ukV~Ó;ks%A
vFkZ & yksd esa tks jR;kfn ds mn~cks/kd gSa os gh dkO; vkSj ukVdkfndksa esa foHkko dgykrs gSaA
vkyEcuksÌhiuk[;kS rL; HksnkoqHkkS Le`rkSAA
foHkko ds nks Hksn gSa] vkyEcu vkSj mÌhiuA
vkyEcuks uk;dkfnLrekyEC; jlksn~xekr~AA29A
vFkZ & muesa vkyEcu foHkko uk;d ¼JhjkepUnz½ vkfn gksrs gSa] D;ksafd mUgha dk vkJ; ysds jl dh fu’ifÙk
gksrh gSA ;gk¡ ^vkfn* in ls Ükàxkjjl esa lhrk vkfn ukf;dkvksa vkSj ohjjl esa jko.k vkfn izfruk;dksa dk xzg.k
gksrk gSA ftl jl dk tks foHkko gS og mlh jl ds o.kZu esa vk;sxkA
bdkbZ&4 156
R;kxh d`rh dqyhu% lqJhdks :i;kSouksRlkghA

n{kks·uqjDryksdLrstksoSnX/;”khyokUusrkAA30AA
vFkZ & nkrk] d`rK] if.Mr] dqykSu] y{ehoku~ yksxksa ds vuqjkx dk ik=] :i ;kSou vkSj mRlkg ls ;qDr
rstLoh] prqj vkSj lq”khy iq#’k dkO;ksa esa uk;d gksrk gSA30A
4-3-2 vyadkj
vyadkj “kkL= ds eeZK vkpk;Z fo”oukFk dfojkt vyadkjksa dks ifjHkkf’kr djrs gq, fy[krs gSa &
“kCnkFkZ;ksjfLFkjk ;s /kekZ% “kksHkkfr”kkf;u%A
jlknhuqidqoZUrks·yadkjkLrs·a xnkfnor~AA
vFkkZr~ “kksHkk dks vfr”kf;r djus okys] jl Hkko vkfn ds midkjd] tks “kCn vkSj vFkZ ds vfLFkj /keZ gSa
os vaxn ¼cktwcUn½ vkfn dh rjg vyadkj dgs tkrs gSaA ftl izdkj vaxnkfn euq’;ksa ds vyadkj gksrs gSa( mlh
izdkj vuqizkl] “ys’k vkfn dkO; ds vyadkj gksrs gSaA
“kCn ,oa vFkZ dh n`f’V ls vyadkj ds eq[;r% rhu Hksn gksrs gS &
¼d½ “kCnkyadkj
tgk¡ “kCn ds dkj.k vyadkj dh fLFkfr gksrh gS] og “kCnkyadkj gSA bldh ijh{kk ds fy, fdlh i;kZ;okph “kCn
dk iz;ksx djds ns[kuk pkfg,A ;fn i;kZ;okph “kCn dk iz;ksx djus ij vyadkj dh lÙkk u jgs rks og
“kCnkyadkj gS] ,slk ekuk tkrk gS] D;ksafd og vyadkj eq[; :i ls ml “kCn ij fuHkZj gSA tSls
^lejlejlks·;e~* bl okD; esa lej “kCn ds LFkku ij ;fn ^;q)* “kCn dks j[k fn;k tk, rks ;gk¡ ;ed
vyadkj ugha jgsxk] vr% ;gk¡ “kCnkyadkj gSA “kCnkyadkj ds izeq[k :i gSa & vuqizkl] ;ed] oØksfDr] “ys’k
vkfnA
¼[k½ vFkkZyadkj
os vyadkj tks vFkksZ ds lkSUn;Z dks c<+kdj dkO; dh “kksHkk c<+krs gSa] vFkkZyadkj dgykrs gSaA vFkkZyadkj vFkks± ij
vkfJr jgrs gSa] vr% bu vFkks± ds okpd “kCnksa dks gVkdj mlds LFkku ij mlds i;kZ;okph “kCnksa dk iz;ksx
djus ij Hkh os ;Fkkor~ cus jgsaxsA tSls ^djdey* “kCn esa ^dj* dk i;kZ;okph ^gLr* j[k nsus ij Hkh blesa :id
vyadkj ;Fkkor~ cuk jgrk gSA miek] :id] mRizs{kk vkfn vFkkZyadkj gSaA
¼x½ mHk;kyadkj
tgk¡ vyadkj “kCnkFkZxr ;k mHk;xr gks ogk¡ mHk;kyadkj gksrk gSA izk;% vf/kdka”k vkpk;Z mHk;kyadkj dh i`Fkd
lÙkk dks ugha ekurs gSa rFkk bls “kCnkyadkj ;k vFkkZyadkj esa gh xrkFkZ djrs gSaA
¼d½ “kCnkyadkj
1- vuqizkl
y{k.k & vuqizkl% “kCnlkE;a oS’kE;s·fi LojL; ;r~A
vFkkZr~ Loj dh fo’kerk jgus ij Hkh “kCn vFkkZr~ in inka”k ds lkE; ¼lkn`”;½ dks ^vuqizkl* dgrs gSaA
Lojkas dh lekurk gks] pkgs u gks] ijUrq vusd O;atu tgk¡ ,d ls fey tk, ogk¡ vuqizkl vyadkj gksrk gSA
mnkgj.k &
vknk; cdqyxU/kkuU/khdqoZUins ins Hkzejku~A
v;esfr eUneUna dkosjhokfjikou% iou%AA
vFkZ & cdqy ¼xkSyfljh½ ds xU/k dks ysdj] in&in esa Hkzejksa dks enkU/k djrk gqvk] dkosjh ds ty
d.kksa ls ;qDr gksus ds dkj.k ifo= djus okyk ;g iou /khjs&/khjs pyk vk jgk gSA
foe”kZ & izLrqr “yksd ^cdqyxU/kkU/khdqoZu* esa Û/k* dh ins ins] eUneUna] dkosjhokfj rFkk ikou% iou% esa
ln`”; O;atulewgksa dh vko`fÙk gqbZ gSA vr% ;gk¡ vuqizkl vyadkj gSA
2- ;ed
lR;FksZ i`FkxFkkZ;k% LojO;atulagrs%A
Øes.k rsuSoko`fÙk;Zeda fofux|rsAA
vFkkZr~ ;fn vFkZoku~ gks] rks fHkUu vFkZ okys] Loj O;atu leqnk; dh mlh Øe ls vko`fÙk dks ;ed dgrs
gSaA ftl leqnk; dh vko`fÙk gks mldk ,d va”k ;k lok±”k ;fn vuFkZd gks rks dksbZ vkifÙk ugha] fdUrq fdlh
,d va”k ;k lok±”k ds lkFkZd gksus ij vko`Ùk leqnk; dh fHkUukFkZdrk vko”;d gSA lekukFkZd “kCnksa dh vko`fÙk
dks ;ed ugha ekursA
uoiyk”k & iyk”koua iqj% LQqVijkx&ijkxr&iadte~A
e`nqy&rkUr&yrkUr eyksd;Rl lqjfHka lqjfHka lqeuksHkjS%AA
vFkkZr~ Jhd`’.k us lkeus uohu iÙkksa okys] iyk”k ds ouksa okys] fodflr iq’i ijkx ls O;kIr deyksa okys
vkSj dksey eqj>kbZ gqbZ yrkvksa ds vUrHkkx okys rFkk iq’i lewg ls lqokflr olUr _rq dks ns[kkA
;gk¡ îyk”k iyk”k* vkSj ^lqjfHka lqjfHka* blesa nksuksa in lkFkZd gSaA ^yrkUr &yrkUr* esa igyk in
fujFkZd gSA îjkx ijkx* esa nwljk in îjkx* fujFkZd gSA bl izdkj ;gk¡ ;ed vyadkj gSA
3- oØksfDr
vU;L;kU;kFkZda okD;eU;Fkk ;kst;s|fnA
vU;% “ys’ks.k dkDok ok lk oØksfDrLrrks f}/kkAA
vFkkZr~ tgk¡ fdlh ds vU;kFkZd okD; dks dksbZ nwljk iq#’k “ys’k ls ;k dkdq ls vU; vFkZ esa yxk ns]
ogk¡ nks izdkj dh oØksfDr gksrh gSA ,d ^”ys’koØksfDr* rFkk nwljh ^dkdqoØksfDr*A
mnkgj.k &
dkys dksfdyokpkys lgdkjeuksgjsA
d`rkxl% ifjR;kxkÙkL;k”psrks u nw;rsAA
vFkkZr~ dks;y dh e/kqjdwd ls xqaftr rFkk eatfj;ksa ls ;qDr u, iÙkksa okys vkez o`{kksa ls vkd"kZd izrhr
gksus okys olUr dky esa iz.k;kijk/kh izseh ds ifjR;kx ls ml ukf;dk dk eu nq%[kh ugha gksrk gS \ ¼vFkkZr~
vo”; gh nq%[kh gksrk gS½A
bdkbZ&4 158
izLrqr “yksd esa dkdq ¼fof”k’V okD”kSyh½ ds dkj.k û nw;rs = nq%[kh ugha gksrk dk vFkZ ^nw;rs ,o*
vFkkZr~ vo”; gh nq%[kh gksrk gSA ;g vFkZxzg.k gksrk gS vr% ;gk¡ dkdqoØksfDr vyadkj gSA
4- “ys’k%
f”y’VS% inSjusdkFkkZfHk/kkus “ys’k b’;rsA
vFkkZr~ f”y’V inksa ls vusd vFkks± dk vfHk/kku gksus ij “ys’kkyadkj gksrk gSA
mnkgj.k &
izfrdwyrkeqixrs fg fo/kkS foQyRoesfr cgqlk/kurkA
voyEcuk; fnuHkrqZjHkwUu ifr’;r% djlglzefiAA
vFkkZr~ fof/k ¼nso½ vFkok fo/kq ¼pUnzek½ ds izfrdwy gksus ij lc lk/ku foQy gks tkrs gSaA fxjus ¼vLr
gksus½ ds le; lw;Z ds gtkj dj ¼fdj.k ;k gkFk½ Hkh mls lgkjk u ns ldsA
;gk¡ fo/kkS esa ^fof/k* rFkk ^fo/kq* “kCnksa ds vfUre o.kZ ¼b ,oa m½ vkSdkj esa vk x, gSaA vr% ;gk¡ mDr
nksuksa o.kks± dk “ys’k gSA
¼[k½ vFkkZyadkj
5- miek
lkE;a okP;eoS/kE;± okD;SD; miek };ks%A
vFkkZr~ ,d okD; esa nks inkFkks± ds oS/kE;Z jfgr okP; lkn`”; dks miek dgrs gSaA
mnkgj.k &
e/kqj% lq/kkon/kj% iYyorqY;ks·frisyo% ikf.k%A
pfdre`xykspukH;ka ln`”kh piys p ykspus rL;k%AA
vFkkZr~ ml ¼ukf;dk½ dk v/kjks’B ve`r ds rqY; e/kqj gSA mlds gkFk u, iÙks ds rqY; vfr dksey gSA
mlds ykspu pfdr e`xksa ds ykspuksa ds leku piy gSaA
izLrqr i| esa izFke pj.k esa ^v/kj&mies;] lq/kk&mieku] ek/kq;Z&lk/kkj.k /keZ rFkk or~&miekokph* “kCn
gSA ;gk¡ miek ds pkjksa vax fo|eku gSaA vr% ;g i| iw.kksZiek dk mnkgj.k gSA
6- :id
:ida :firkjksiks fo’k;s fujig~uosA
vFkkZr~ fujig~uos ¼fu’ks/kjfgr fo’k; mies;½ esa :fir ¼vig~uoHksn mieku½ ds vkjksi dks :id vyadkj
dgrs gSaA
mnkgj.k &
vkgos txnqn.Mjkte.MyjkgosA
Jh u`flageghiky] LoLR;Lrq ro ckgosAA
vFkkZr~ gs u`flag eghiky ! gs egkijkØeh egkjkt ! ;q) esa izp.M cy”kkyh jkte.My :ih pUnzek ds
fy, jkgq Lo:i vkidk Hkqtn.M lnk fot;h gksA
bl “yksd esa ^jkte.My* mies; ij ^pnzfcEc* :i mieku ds vHksnkjksi dk rFkk ^jktk* ds ckgqn.M ij
^jkgq* ds vkjksi dk o.kZu gksus ds dkj.k ;gk¡ ij :id vyadkj gSA
7- vig~uqfr
izd`r izfrf’k/;kU;LFkkiua L;knig~uqfr%A
vFkkZr~ izd`r ¼mies;½ dk izfr’ks/k djds vU; ¼mieku½ dk LFkkiu vFkkZr~ vkjksi djuk vig~uqfr vyadkj
dgykrk gSA
mnkgj.k &
usna uHkkse.MyeEcqjkf”kuSZrk”p rkjk] uoQsu Hkaxk%A
uk·;a “k”kh] dq.Mfyr% Q.khUnzks] uk·lkS dyad% “kf;rks eqjkfj%AA
vFkkZr~ ;g vkdk”ke.My ugha gS] leqnz gSA rFkk u ;s rkjs gSa] cfYd uohu Qsuksa ds [k.M gSaA u ;g
pUnzek gS] ;g rks dq.My ekjdj cSBs gq, “ks’kukx gSa rFkk ;g dkyk&dkyk tks nh[krk gS ;g dyad ugha] vfirq
“ks’kukx ij Hkxoku~ fo’.kq lks jgs gSaA
bl “yksd esa vkdk”k dk o.kZu gSA ;gk¡ igys vkdk”kkfn ds Lo:i dk fu’ks/k }kjk vig~uo fd;k gS
fQj mlesa leqnzRo vkfn /keks± dk vkjksi fd;k x;k gSA vr% ;gk¡ vig~uqfr vyadkj gSA
8- mRizs{kk
HkosRlaHkkouksRizs{kk izd`rL; ijkReukA
vFkkZr~ fdlh izLrqr oLrq dh vizLrqr ds :i esa laHkkouk djus dks mRizs{kk dgrs gSaA
mnkgj.k &
Å#% dqjaxdn`”k”papypsykapyks HkkfrA
lirkd% dude;ks fot;LrEHk% LejL;soAA
vFkkZr~ ml e`xu;uh dk fgyrs gq, js”keh oL= okyk m: ¼tka?k½ ,sls lq”kksfHkr gks jgk gS ekuksa og
dkenso dk irkdk ;qDr Lo.kZe; fot;LrEHk gksA
;gk¡ oL= ds vk¡py ls ;qDr je.kh dk Lo.kZe; m: ¼lqugyk tka?k½ izd`r gS ftldh vizd`r dkenso ds
Lo.kZn.M esa yxs irkdk;qDr fot;LrEHk ds :i esa laHkkouk gksus dh dYiuk dh xbZ gSA
9- vfr”k;ksfDr
fl)Ros·/;olk;L;kfr”k;ksfDrfuZx|rsA
vFkkZr~ v/;olk; ds fl) gksus ij vfr”k;ksfDr vyadkj gksrk gSA vFkkZr~ fdlh fo’k; dk c<+k p<+k dj
o.kZu djuk gh vfr”k;ksfDr vyadkj dgykrk gSA
mnkgj.k &
bdkbZ&4 160
dFkeqifj dykfiu% dykiks foylfr rL; rys·’VehUnq[k.Me~A

dqoy;;qxya rrks foyksya frydqlqea rn/k% izokyeLekr~AA
vFkkZr~ ns[kks dSlk vk”p;Z gSA lcls Åij e;wj dk dyki ¼iwaN½ gS] mlds uhps v’Veh dk pUnzek
fojkteku gSA mlds uhps nks piy uhys dey gSA muds uhps fry dk Qwy vkSj mlds uhps lqUnj fonze ¼ewaxs½
dk [k.M lq”kksfHkr gSA
;gk¡ dkfeuh ds ds”kik”k dk e;wjdyki ds :i esa] mlds yykV dk v’Veh ds pUnzek ds :i esa]
ukfldk dk fryiq’i ds :i esa] v/kjks’B dk fonze ¼ew¡xs½ ds :i esa v/;olku gSA vr% ;gk¡ vfr”k;ksfDr vyadkj
gSA
10- rqY;;ksfxrk
inkFkkZuka izLrqrkukeU;s’kka ok ;nk Hkosr~A
,d/kekZfHklEcU/k% L;kÙknk rqY;;ksfxrkAA
vFkkZr~ dsoy izd`r ;k dsoy vizd`r inkFkks± esa ,d /keZ ds lEcU/k dk uke ^rqY;;ksfxrk* gSA ;g /keZ
dgha xq.k:i gksrk gS dgha fØ;k:iA
mnkgj.k &
nkua foÙkkn`ra okp% dhfrZ/kekSZ rFkk;q’k%A
ijksidj.ka dk;knlkjkr~ lkjekgjsr~AA
vFkkZr~ lalkj dh vlkj oLrqvksa esa ls lkj dk xzg.k djsA vlkj /ku ls nku:i lkj dk xzg.k djs]
vlkj ok.kh ls lkj:i lR; dk] vlkj vk;q ls dhfrZ ,oa /keZ:i lkj dk] vlkj “kjhj ls ijksidkj:i lkj dk
xzg.k djsA
;gk¡ deZHkwr nkukfndks esa lkjRo :i ,d xq.k ,oa vkgj.k ¼xzg.k½ :i ,d fØ;k dk lEcU/k gSA vr%
;gk¡ rqY;;ksfxrk uked vyadkj gSA
11- nhid
vizLrqrizLrqr;ksnhZida rq fux|rsA
vFk dkjdesda L;knusdklq fØ;klq psr~AA
vFkkZr~ tgk¡ vizLrqr vkSj izLrqr inkFkks± esa ,d /keZ dk lEcU/k gks vFkok vusd fØ;kvksa dk ,d gh
dkjd gks ogk¡ nhid vyadkj gksrk gSA
mnkgj.k &
cykoysikn/kqukfi iwoZor~ izck/;rs rsu txfTtxh’kq.kkA
lrh p ;ksf’kRizd`fr”p fu”pyk iqekaleH;sfr HkokUrjs’ofiAA
;gk¡ ukjnth dh Jhd`’.k ds izfr mfDr gSA og fot;sPNqd f”k”kqiky vkt Hkh igys dh Hkkafr lalkj dks
lrk jgk gSA ifrozrk iRuh vkSj fu”py izd`fr tUekUrj esa Hkh euq’; ds lkFk tkrh gSA
;gk¡ izLrqr izd`fr vkSj vizLrqr lrh L=h dk ,d vuqxeu:i fØ;k ds lkFk lEcU/k of.kZr gSA vr% ;gk¡
nhid vyadkj gSA
12- n`’VkUr
n`’VkUrLrq l/keZL; oLrqu% izfrfcEcue~
vFkkZr~ nks okD;ksa esa /keZ lfgr] ôLrq* vFkkZr~ miekuksies; ds izfrfcEcu dks n`’VkUr vyadkj dgrs gSaA
lkn`”; ds vo/kkuxE; gksus dks îzfrfcEcu* dgrs gSA
mnkgj.k &
vfofnrxq.kkfi lRdfoHkf.kfr% d.ksZ’kq oefr e/kq/kkjke~A
vuf/kxrifjeykfi fg gjfr n`”ka ekyrhekykAA
vFkkZr~ Js’B dfo;ksa dh ok.kh vKkrxq.kksa okyh gksrh gqbZ Hkh Jksrkvksa ds dkuksa esa e/kqj jl dh /kkjk dks
mM+syrh gSA ekyrh iq’i dh ekyk vyC/k lqxU/k okyh gksrh gqbZ Hkh us=ksa dks vius vfr”k; lkSUn;Z ls vkd`’V
djrh gSA
;gk¡ iwokZ/kZ vkSj mÙkjk/kZ esa dgh xbZ fo’k; oLrq esa lk/kE;Z vkSj fcEc izfrfcEc Hkko gSA vr% ;g
lk/kE;Zewyd n`’VkUr vyadkj dk mnkgj.k gSA
13- fun”kZuk
laHkoUoLrqlacU/kks·laHkoUokfi dq=fpr~A
;= fcEckuqfcEcRoa cks/k;sr~ lk fun”kZukAA
vFkkZr~ tgk¡ oLrqvksa dk ijLij lEcU/k ¼vckf/kr½ vFkok vlEHko ¼ckf/kr½ gksdj muds fcEcizfrfcEcHkko
dk cks/ku djs ogk¡ fun”kZuk vyadkj gksrk gSA
mnkgj.k &
dks·= Hkwfeoy;s tukUeq/kk rki;Ulqfpjesfr lEin~e~A
osn;fUufr fnusu Hkkuqekukllkn pjekpya rr%AA
vFkkZr~ bl Hkwfe ij yksxksa dks O;FkZ lUrki nsrk gqvk dkSu vf/kd le; rd lEifÙk dk miHkksx dj
ldrk gS \ lUrkink;d xzh’e fnu ds }kjk ;g lwpuk nsrk gqvk lw;Z vLrkpy dh vksj py fn;kA
;gk¡ cks/ku fØ;k esa lw;Z dk oDrk ds :i esa lEcU/k lEHko gS] D;ksafd vLrkpy dk xeu fo|eku gksus
ls ;g lwpuk feyrh gSA oDrk:i ls bl lEcU/k ds }kjk ^lw;Z ds vLr gksus* ,oa lUrkink;d yksxksa ds ^foifÙk
esa iM+us* bu nksuksa fØ;kvksa esa fcEc izfrfcEcHkko ¼lkn`”;½ dh izrhfr gks jgh gSA bu nksuksa fHkUu okD;ksa dks ;gka
miek ds }kjk dfYir fd;k x;k gSA vr% ;gk¡ fun”kZuk vyadkj gSA
14- leklksfDr
leklksfDr% leSpZ= dk;Zfyaxfo”ks’k.kS%A
O;ogkjlekjksi% izLrqrs·U;L; oLrqu%AA
bdkbZ&4 162
vFkkZr~ ftl okD; esa ^le* vFkkZr~ izLrqr vkSj vizLrqr esa leku :i ls vfUor gksusokys dk;Z] fyax vkSj
fo”ks’k.kksa ls izLrqr esa vizLrqr ds O;ogkj dk vkjksi fd;k tk, ogk¡ leklksfDr vyadkj gksrk gSA
mnkgj.k &
vlekIrftxh’kL; L=hfpUrk dk eufLou%A
vukØE; txRd`RLua uks la/;ka Hktrs jfo%AA
vFkkZr~ ftldh fot;kdka{kk iw.kZ u gqbZ gks ml ohj euLoh ds fy, L=h fpUrk ¼fookg½ dSlh \ lEiw.kZ
lalkj dks vkØkUr fd, fcuk lw;Z lU/;k dk lax ugha djrk gSA bl i| esa ^jfo* iqfYyax rFkk ^lU/;k* L=hfyax
gSA ^jfo* vkSj ^lU/;k* ij uk;d rFkk ukf;dk ds O;ogkj dj lekjksi gSA vr% ;gk¡ leklksfDr vyadkj gSA
5- vFkkZUrjU;kl
lkekU;a ok fo”ks’ks.k fo”ks’kLrsu ok ;fnA
dk;± p dkj.ksusna dk;sZ.k p leF;ZrsA
lk/kE;sZ.ksrjs.kkFkkZUrjU;klks·’V/kk rr%AA
vFkkZr~ tgk¡ fo”ks’k ls lkekU; ;k lkekU; ls fo”ks’k vFkok dkj.k ls dk;Z ;k dk;Z ls dkj.k lk/kE;Z ds
}kjk vFkok oS/kE;Z ds }kjk lefFkZr gksrk gks mls vFkkZUrjU;kl vyadkj dgrs gSA ;g mDr jhfr ls pkj lk/kE;Z
,oa pkj oS/kE;Z ds Hksn gksus ls vkB izdkj dk gksrk gSA
mnkgj.k &
c`gRlgk;% dk;kZUra {kksnh;kufi xPNfrA
lEHkw;kEHkksf/keH;sfr egku|k uxkixkAA
vFkkZr~ cM+ksa dh lgk;rk ikdj NksVk vkneh Hkh dk;Z iwjk dj ysrk gSA cM+h unh ds lkFk feydj NksVh
igkM+h unh Hkh leqnz rd igq¡p tkrh gSA
;gk¡ ^cM+h unh ls feydj NksVh igkM+h unh Hkh leqnz rd igq¡p tkrh gS* fo”ks’k ckr ds }kjk ^cM+ksa dh
lgk;rk ikdj NksVk vkneh Hkh dk;Z lEiUu dj ysrk gS*A bl lkekU; ckr dk leFkZu lk/kE;Z ls fd;k x;k
gSA vr% ;gk¡ vFkkZUrjU;kl vyadkj gSA
16- foHkkouk
foHkkouk fouk gsrqa dk;ksZRifÙk;ZnqP;rsA
mDrkuqDrfufeÙkRokn~ f}/kk lk ifjdhfrZrkAA
vFkkZr~ gsrq ds fcuk ;fn dk;Z dh mRifÙk dk o.kZu gks rks foHkkouk vyadkj gksrk gSA blds nks Hksn gksrs
gS & ,d og ftlesa fufeÙk mDr gks ,oa nwljk og tgk¡ fufer vuqDr gSA
mnkgj.k &
vuk;kld`”ka e/;e”kadrjys n`”kkSA
vHkw’k.keuksgkjh oiqoZ;fl lqHkzqo%AA
vFkkZr~ ;kSoudky esa lqUnj Hk`dqVh okyh bl ukf;dk dh dej fcuk Je ds gh nqcyh gks jgh gS] us=
fcuk “kadk ds gh papy gks jgs gSa rFkk “kjhj fcuk vkHkw’k.kksa ds gh je.kh; gSaA
;gk¡ vk;kl] vk”kadk rFkk vkHkw’k.k :ih izfl) dkj.kksa ds vHkko esa Hkh d`”krk] rjyrk vkSj euksgÙkk :ih
dk;ks± dh mRifÙk dk o.kZu gksus ls ;gk¡ foHkkouk vyadkj gSA ;gk¡ mDrfuferk foHkkouk gSA
17- fo”ks’kksfDr
lfr gsrkS QykHkkos fo”ks’kksfDrLrFkk f}/kkA
vFkkZr~ gsrq ds jgus ij Hkh tgk¡ Qy u gks ogk¡ fo”ks’kksfDr vyadkj gksrk gSA gsrq ds mDr rFkk vuqDr nks
izdkj ds gksus ls fo”ks’kksfDr Hkh nks izdkj dk gksrk gSA
mnkgj.k &
/kfuuks·fi fu:Ueknk ;qokuks·fi u papykA
izHkoks·I;izeÙkkLrs egkefge”kkfyu%AA
vFkkZr~ os egkefgek”kkyh iq#’k /kuh gksus ij Hkh mUekn ls jfgr gSA toku gksus ij Hkh papy ugha rFkk
izHkko”kkyh ¼,s”o;Z”kkyh½ gksrs gq, Hkh izekn “kwU; gSA
;gk¡ /ku] ;kSou vkSj izHkqrk :i dkj.kksa ds gksus ij Hkh mUekn] papyrk vkSj izekn :i dk;ks± ¼Qyksa½ dh
mRifÙk ugha fn[kkbZ xbZ gSA ;gk¡ Qy dh vuqRifr dk dkj.k êgkefge”kkfyRo* “kCn”k% dgk x;k gSA vr ;gk¡
mDrfufeÙkk fo”ks’kksfDr vyadkj gSA
18- LoHkkoksfDr
LoHkkoksfDrnqZ:gkFkZLofØ;k:io.kZue~A
vFkkZr~ nq:g vFkkZr~ dfo ek= ls KkrO; tks cPps vkfn dh ps’Vkvksa ;k Lo:i ds o.kZu dks LoHkkoksfDr
dgrs gSaA
mnkgj.k &
ykaxwysukfHkgR; f{kfrryeld`Ìkj;Uuxziö;ke~&
vkReU;sokoyh; nzqreFk xxua izksRirfUoØes.kA
LQwtZn~/kwadkj?kks’k% izfrfn”kef[kykUnzko;Uus’k tUrw&
Udksikfo’V% izfo’V% izfroue#.kksPNwup{kqLrj{kq%AA
vFkkZr~ ckj&ckj iw¡N iVddj vxys iSjksa ls i`Foh dks [kksnrk gqvk] cM+s osx ls ?kw¡&?kw¡ “kCn djrk gqvk]
lHkh thoksa dks pkjksa vksj Hkxrk gqvk] Øks/k ls Hkjk gqvk] yky &yky mHkjs gq, us=ksa okyk rj{kq ¼tho fo”ks’k½ ou
esa ?kqlkA
;gk¡ Øks/k iw.kZ c?ksjs dk LoHkkoksfDr ds lkSUn;Z ls iw.kZ fp=.k gSA vr% ;gk¡ LoHkkoksfDr vyadkj gSA
¼x½ mHk;kyadkj
19- lal`f’V
feFkks·uis{k;Srs’kka fLFkr% lal`f’V#P;rsA
vFkkZr~ mDr “kCnkyadkj ,oa vFkksZyadkj ;fn ijLij fujis{k gksdj fLFkr gks rks lal`f’V vyadkj gksrk gSA
bdkbZ&4 164
mnkgj.k &
nso% ik;knik;kUu% LejsUnhojykspu%A
lalkj/okUrfo/oalgal dalfu’kwnu%AA
vFkkZr~ dal ds “k=q Hkxoku~ d`’.k vik;ksa ¼foifÙk½ ls gekjh j{kk djsaA ftudh fodflr vk¡[ks uhy deyksa
ds leku gSa os lalkj ds vU/kdkj dks gVkus esa lw;Z gSaA
;gk¡ îk;knik;kr~* es ;ed] ^lalkj/okUrfo/oalgal%* esa ldkj] /kdkj vkSj odkj dh vko`fÙk gksus ds
dkj.k vuqizkl] ^LejsUnhojykspu%* esa miek rFkk ^lalkj/okUrfo/oal* esa :id gSA bl izdkj blesa nks “kCnkyadkjksa
,oa nks vFkkZyadkjksa dh fryr.MqyU;kl ls ijLij feys gksus ds dkj.k ;gk¡ lal`f’V vyadkj gSA
20- ladj
vaxkafxRos·yad`rhuka r}nsdkJ;fLFkrkSA
lfUnX/kRos p Hkofr ladjfL=fo/k% iqu%AA
vFkkZr~ ladj vyadkj rhu izdkj dk gksrk gS & ,d rks tgk¡ dbZ vyadkjksa esa vaxkafxHkko gks] nwljs tgk¡
,d gh vkJ; ¼”kCn ;k vFkZ½ esa vusd vyadkjksa dh fLFkfr gks] rhljs tgk¡ dbZ vyadkjksa dk lUnsg gksrk gksA
mnkgj.k &
vuqjkxorh lU/;k fnolLrRiqj% lj%A
vgks nSoxfrf”p=k rFkkfi u lekxe%AA
vFkkZr~ la/;k vuqjkx;qDr gS vkSj fnu mlds lkeus mifLFkr gSA fdUrq nSoxfr fofp= gS] tks ¼lEeq[k
gksus ij Hkh½ nksuksa dk lekxe ugha gksxkA
;gk¡ lekxe dk dkj.k gksus ij Hkh lekxe :i dk;Z u gksus ls fo”ks’kksfDr vyadkj gS ,oa lU/;k
L=hfyax rFkk fnol iqfYyax gksus ls bu nksuksa ds }kjk uk;d vkSj ukf;dk dh izrhfr gksrh gS] vr% leklksfDr
vyadkj Hkh gSA ;gk¡ leklksfDr fo”ks’kksfDr dk vax gSA vr% ;gk¡ fo”ks’kksfDr ds vaxh ¼iz/kku½ rFkk leklksfDr ds
mlds vax ¼xkS.k½ gksus ls vaxkaxhHkko ladj vyadkj gSA
1 lkfgR;niZ.k ds vuqlkj d#.k jl nq[kkRed gS ;k lq[kkRed \
2 lk/kkj.khdj.k dk y{k.k D;k gS \
3 vyadkj dk lkekU; y{k.k D;k gS \
4 vuqizkl vyadkj dk y{k.k D;k gS \
5 vig~uqfr vyadkj dk y{k.k fyf[k, \
4-5 lkjka”k
pkSngoha “krkCnh esa mRdy ds jktk ds lfU/kfoxzfgd fo”oukFk izfl) lkfgR;”kkL=h Hkh FksA bUgksaus lkfgR;niZ.k
uke dk izfl) dkO;”kkL=h; xzUFk fy[kkA nl ifjPNsnksa esa bUgksaus dkO; ds dkj.k] iz;kstu] y{k.k] dkO; dh
vkRek] jl dh fu’ifÙk] jhfr] xq.k] nks’k] vyadkj vkfn lHkh dk o.kZu fd;k gSA lkFk esa :idksa ds oLrq] usrk
¼ik=½] jl] vfHku;] jax”kkyk vkfn dk Hkh foospu fd;k gSA bUgksaus Lo;a bl xzUFk dh dkfjdkvksa dh jpuk dh
,oa mu ij o`fÙk Hkh fy[khA lkfgR;niZ.k ds r`rh; ifjPNsn esa jlLo:i] jlkLoknu izdkj] d#.k vkfn dh
jlRo&LFkkiuk] jlkLokn esa okluk dh dkj.krk] foHkkokfn O;kikj] foHkkokfn dk lk/kkj.k] foHkkokfn dk
vykSfddRo] jlksn~cks/k esa foHkkokfn dh dkj.krk] foHkkokfn dh jl:i ls ifjf.kr] foHkkokfn;ksa esa ls fdlh ds Hkh
vkf{kIr gksus ij jlksn~cks/k] jl vuqdk;Zxr ugha gSa] jl vuqdr`Zxr ugha gSa] jl KkI;Rokfn ugha gSaA jl fdlh
vU;Kku dk fo’k; ugha] jl dh Loizdk”krk foHkko rFkk foHkko ds Hksn vkfn fo’k;ksa dk fo”ys’k.k fd;k x;k gSA
blh bdkbZ esa lkfgR;niZ.k ds n”keifjPNsn esa of.kZr eq[; 20 vyadkjksa dk Hkh foospu fd;k x;k gSA
bl bdkbZ esa vuqizkl] ;ed] oØksfDr rFkk “ys’k bu pkj “kCnkyadkjksa vkSj miek] :id] vig~uqfr] mRizs{kk]
vfr”k;ksfDr] rqY;;ksfxrk] nhid] n`’VkUr] fun”kZuk] leklksfDr] vFkkZUrjU;kl] foHkkouk] fo”ks’kksfDr ,oa LoHkkoksfDr
bu 14 vFkkZyadkjksa vkSj lal`f’V ,oa ladj bu nks mHk;kyadkjksa dk foospu fd;k x;k gSA
4-6 eq[; “kCnkoyh
• foHkko & foHkko jl dh vfHkO;fDr ds dkj.k gSA
• vuqHkko & tks dk;Z :i gS vFkkZr~ jlkfHkO;fDr ds le; vkJ; dh ps’Vk,¡ vkfnA
• lapkjhHkko & tks lgdkjh dkj.k gS vFkkZr~ jlkfHkO;fDr ds le; vkrs jgrs gSa vkSj tkrs jgrs gSaA
• LFkk;hHkko & tks jfr] “kksd vkfn Hkko ekuo esa laLdkj :i esa fo|eku jgrs gSa rFkk dkj.kksa ds feyus
ij tkx`r gks tkrs gSaA
• miek vyadkj & ,d okD; esa nks inkFkks± ds] oS/kE;Z jfgr] okP; lkn`”; dks miek dgrs gSaA
1 lq[kkRed
2 ^Ô;kikjks·fLr foHkkoknsukZEuk lk/kkj.khd`fr%**
3 ^^”kCnkFkZ;ksjfLFkjk ;s /kekZ% “kksHkkfr”kkf;u%A
jlknhuqidqoZUrks·yadkjkLrsa·xnkfnor~AA**
4 ^^vuqizkl% “kCnlkE;a oS’kE;s·fi LojL; ;r~A**
5 ^îzd`ra izfrf’k/;kU;LFkkiua L;knig~uqfr%A**
1 jl ds vykSfddRo dh leh{kk dhft,A
2 jl ds Lo:i dks Li’V dhft,A
3 fo”oukFk dh ^LlkLokn* fo’k;d vo/kkj.kk dks izLrqr dhft,A
bdkbZ&4 166
4 vyadkj fdls dgrs gSa \ rFkk ;g fdrus izdkj ds gksrs gS \ o.kZu dhft,A
5 izeq[k vFkkZyadkjksa dk y{k.k ,oa mnkgj.k lfgr foospu dhft,A
1 vyadkjHkw’k.k & MkWŒ dqUnu dqekj] ifjey ifCyds”kUl] fnYyh] izŒlaŒ 2016
3 lkfgR;niZ.k & MkWŒ lR;ozr flag
4 lkfgR;niZ.k & fu:i.k fo|kyadkj
5 laLdr”kkL=ksa dk bfrgkl & vkpk;Z cynso mik/;k;
6 lkfgR;niZ.k & ihŒohŒ dk.ks] eksrhyky cukjlhnkl] fnYyh

4 06-11-2021!17!37-22 Merichkatik Awam Sahityadarpan II

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4 06-11-2021!17!37-22 Merichkatik Awam Sahityadarpan II

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e`PNdfVd ,oa lkfgR;niZ.

DIRECTORATE OF DISTANCE EDUCATION

Maximum Marks : 100

bdkbZ & 2 % e`PNdfVd ¼6 & 10 vad½

bdkbZ & 4 % lkfgR;niZ.k ¼3-1&3-29] vyadkj½

lejO;luh izekn”kwU;% ddqnks osnfonka riks/ku”pA

,”ks gxs xsf.g; ds”kg”rs nq””kk”k.k””kk.kqfdfna dysfeAA29AA

okI;ka Lukfr fop{k.kks f}tojks eq[kksZ·fi o.kkZ/ke%

Roa okiho yrso ukSfjo tua os”;kfl lo± HktAA32AA

nkfjnzÓkRiq#’kL; ckU/kotuks okD;s u lafr’Brs

ikia deZ p ;RijSjfi d`ra rÙkL; laHkkO;rsAA36AA

[kU/ks.k ?ksÙkw.k v dks”k”kqÙke~

dÙkk”kÌs f.k..kk.kv””k gyb gMda euq””k””kA

ufnZrnf”kZrekxZ% dVsu fofuikfrrks ;kfeAA9AA

iapsfUnz;lek;qDrks ujks O;kik|rs Ro;kAA13AA

twns.k ra dna es ta ohgRFka t.k””k “kOo””kA

vkgf.kÅ.k ljksla ra gfRFka foa>lSyflgjkHkaA

vya prq%”kkyfeea izos”;

fo”oLrs’kq p oapukifjHko”pkS;± u “kkS;± fg rr~A

{kkj{krklq fo’keklq p dYiuklqA

fu%”oklks·L; u “kafdr% lqfo”knLrqY;kUrja orZrsA

nÙok fu”kk;k opuh;nks’ka funzka p ftRok u`irs”p j{;ku~A

j{kkfe eU;FkfoiUuxq.kks·fi ekua

lh/kq lqjkloefÙkv ,vkoRFka xnk fg vfÙkvkA

;L;kFkkZLrL; lk dkUrk /kugk;ks± álkS tu%A

izko`V~ izko`fMfr czohfr “kB/kks% {kkja {krs izf{kiu~AA18AA

izdkekUrLrIra f=n”kifr”kL=L; f”kf[kuk

u ;qDresrfRiz;dkaf{krk;k ekx± fujks) ee o’kZikrS%AA29AA

;fn dqI;fl ukfLr jfr%] dksisu fouk·Fkok dqr% dke% \A

eso HkofUr foQyk% ifjrks’kdkyk%AA42AA

• “kfeuke~ & “kkUrfpÙkokys O;fDr;ksa ds

• e`PNdfVd dh ukf;dk olUrlsuk ds pfj= ls voxr gks ik,axs(

vksgkfjvks iog.kks oPpb eT>s.k jkveXxLlA

vk;Zd & D;k viuk vkRek Hkh Hkqyk;k tkrk gS \

.kgeT>xns “kwys nqIisD[ks dqfonok.ky”kfyPNsA

fgaxqTtys thydHkÌeq”rs opkg xaBh “kxqMk v “kqaBhA

iwo± ekuknoKk; nzO;kFksZ tuuho”kkr~A

ckyka fL=;a p uxjL; foHkw’k.ka p

“kwU;s iq’idj.Md bfr lglk ik”ksuksR=kflrkA

vizhfrHkZorq foeqP;rka fg gklks

,”ks fEg rqfynrqfyns yadk.kvyh, xv.ks xPNarsA

rqyua pkfnzjktL; leqnzL; p rkj.ke~A

lks·ga dFka Hkzeji{k#pkS lqnh?ksZ

oLRoUrjkf.k ln`”kkfu HkofUr uwua

vikikuka dqys tkrs ef; ikia u fo|rsA

gS mls jksglsu esa yxk fn;k tk;A42A

,rk% iqugZE;Zxrk% fL=;ks eka okrk;uk/ksZu fofu%l`rkL;k%A

vkHkw’k.k ;g pk#nÙk vkt ¼bl½ uxjh ls nwj fd;k tk jgk gSA14A

vCHkqn, vo”kk.ks rgs v yfÙkafnoa vgneXukA

ds;eH;q|rs “kLs e`R;qoD=xrs ef;A

jDra rnso ojoL=fe;a p ekyk

Ro|kua ;% lek#á xrLRoka “kj.ka iqjkA

fdUrq mls midkj ls ejk gqvk dj nsuk pkfg;sA55A

2-4 viuh izxfr tkafp,

2-7 viuh izxfr tkafp, ds mÙkj

f/kfX/kDNØftra izcksf/krcrk fda dqEHkd.ksZu ok

gSA dfyax ns”k vk/kkj gS vkSj iq#’k vk/ks; gSA

^^eq[;kFkZck/kxzgfujis{kcks/ktudks eq[;kFkZlEc)lk/kkj.k% izfl)kizfl)kFkZfo’k;&

3 lkjksiks iz;kstu gsrqdk miknkuy{k.kk

fojrkLofHk/kk|klq ;;k·FkksZ cks/;rs ij%AA12AA

=Sfo/;kfn;eFkkZuke izR;sda f=fo/kk erkAA17AA

;Fkk ujk.kka u’Vifr% f”k’;k.kka p ;Fkk xq#%A

yksdksÙkjpeRdkjizk.k% dSf”pr~ izekr`fHk%A

vJq ikrknn;Lr}n~ nzqrRokPpsrlks erk% &