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S da areerg 4 BY acer a aes rd Bi aaRenA wt ge ve aA A ates oa ved & PB yRRTTETeG sary ga dia A EI S GEE Gad) eerorerette vega wt BA sper awe lagTTT SrA FH GH ote ue wr sare anrder S aET sift one fae agate frat rar 2) setorore oratiarare (Referer geterhron) wt aiier A ware edd @pR ent Ras we a chee, Ae, ae! |, ois So otk way, ong, cite Ge ora warenftadt S dati ora we at art ot @ek AR Ms Seco, 1978, UR 21) | RoR oaerartt (Ratfere gexcaefee) ge oe A age wt ora oR @ qorerH wT S fet wa a tad 8 ae ge rem 4H ore S fata vt dar weirrsrgirar sian Remrae tate shee) S amas S wes He fe ar aa set} ora a vee BH areas a oef ad @ aga dat stort & fey sah wfefirarstt ux art a axa 8 afte ghar ar SRE BMT FS sae Torre oh sHfaera wr Ge SrA TRY eI Re or age owe ote we seh we rE Gey S gare, oe sift Sk @ fast a flake wet Bowed oRRafat S agUR om? aE ar yahurs ay Ga 21 ge qUne@ Ser wr fear arate we BRET srasiar ote get eranron, Star gers, semen, Se oar she oS mre @ fiver rer @ (Ge: Accor, Agr, ote tee 1975: 8) | wrest at aeae Sr S wee OT Moa ea wre Yee aot aT wr at Brey owe TET oTy AE TUTE sep A ore fre 31 eu oAiRer A oryeiart & ger wa aT sqHa Safer ate fea (2005) ERT ora owe @ wea fear ra er) oer arar wy ee ey a APT if erat (GFeerh) ar aroth arear B fer fear sre or Fore TET sgeiart oe ort flbar aan | ae eat A wer oT aHRE RH ETA wed aor Wee wa A x fat aT Taare she GAY wees avr spl ah gher ay AY ororatin eet A gear @ stg Ser 2) wa aot Sa see are & wy fre othe ont are AB) ore @ FS om OTT seyRITAT & Yarite ara a age Ser a aa THA ay aT} ore gt AE et A orang, saan, wer shy flaw @ fered ae S gM neh fer aga oh & (Gai Re YS BE: 2009: 7) 10.4 PNG wa S sis av: gual free WAT GT AAMT HA (QA He) (The Eight Moments of the Qualitative Research: Tracing its Historical Journey) orgy, &H ry fey TY ors Tos eo Sonya oes ar Vee urea axer (1900-1950):( The Traditional Phase (1900-1950) ae 1900 3 cae yw eer eo Ue fem ge ow WaT a) TTT & dda apa ade sik aghrs Rad fw & vari wr suPashewt ae @ 9) stare oie ora A oer a yw ona get af & wo 9 fata feo ot oom ok vert o aha a, ae ter af & oT wits @ gam Yah ara ¥ oaae wa FY wer gar 81 191045 ake 1917-1918 4 = APA aie DGS do aye 4 wferaee (1967) F da s arpa wrdttat ote ‘omer datat 3 dha & age ote PA Ge 149worommeta ote 8 388 erewr 8] Gad SAY gaize ote Seraph A aH ay sinh ah, ata fore ah atearat ehh oA la she Prowrer & fig aia Bi ge orfars & aaa wrbwaiet at ne we F wer Bar aM, vy Rw aI sepia art fort & fav a gh ae S away or oA vel Borers petal at ghar a aS ota we Ty a) we ora oes waar 3 ae Rae Ug Bree eR ged A GR aa A Ah ‘war any aa BP Be wer S cer rat ad mites, Yeterw aro, APR as atk Ao ore & ate me aT Ste on PR A er Bakes & seer 2) Se on te ais a Pie Taga, oar, eras oie prea a ae weet aA art ae Par area Al Bell wY eimwreTZ A areal A awe TT ATT eM, Fe AA rane rere AY or A eee meets fear ara err) Racer tke eam AL HARRY B Ra aE we Qe eae eat Ty angrearardy a1 efor aver (1980-1970): gz Sarg } ait Hae aT Smit ver she 1970 & eee H ARNE wa a age on) ga aT S Pes aor a Bed OTe 2] ge ora } einroal, ey wa S onyhre ger ah ait BARTER ores arqeart at wate we geo A Pair we a aire ae we Fone ewe Gea wt ae aa oT ws ote erat aie sSs exh GaN Geral H ores awe @ afar eer ARE: cer atte alee 10967) | yore ayMeT Healt eRe ary ara ew a Ree & steers fray Ta | ge ais oe, Aa oRgea ¥ qarefa-wa oReeer farr, aren Raia ste aang Sa Ty eaerorer gf SOT IT TAT eS] A oA PaeeEY ore ome Fae she Reet wt we FS S fe TS oA wero oT STEHT GnTER Pas ae Giseaere) 8 us F aed 31 ear any sirid &? 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C, Giesen, B., Munch, R., & Smelser, N. J. (Eds). (1987). The ‘micro-macro link. Berkeley University of California Press. Ambert, Anne-Marie,Patricia A. Adler, Peter Adler, and Daniel F. Detzner. “Understanding and Evaluating Qualitative Research.” Journal of Marriage and Family, 57, no. 4 (1995): 879-93, pg:880. doi:10.2307/353409. Becker, H. S., & Geer, B.(1960). Participant observation: The analysis of ‘qualitative field data. In R. N. Adams & J. J. Preiss (Eds.), Human Organization Research: Field Relations and Techniques (pp. 267-289), Becker, Howard S. Boys in White: Student Culture in Medical School, University of Chicago Press, 1961. Clough, Patricia Ticineto, The End(s) of Ethnography: from Realism to Social Criticism, Peter Lang, 1998. sperere fae 187wasrreta ate ¢ af — Denzin, Norman K. The Qualitative Manifesto: a Call to Arms, Left Coast Press, 2010. Denzin, Norman K. and L Richardson, “Writing: A Method of Enquiry.” Handbook of Qualitative Research, edited by Yvonna S. Lincoln, 2nd ed., Sage Publications, 1998, pp. 923-948. Thousand Oaks, CA Denzin, Norman K.,and YvonnaS. Lincoln. The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research, Sage Publications, 2005 Ellis, Carolyn, and Arthur P. Bochner. Ethnographically Speaking: Auto- ethnography, Literature, and Aesthetics: Alternative Forms of Qualitative Writing, Altamira Press, 2002. Walnut, Creek: CA. Erickson, F., & Wilson, J. (1982), Sights and Sounds of Life in Schools: A Resource Guide to Film and Videotape for Research and Education (Reseatch Series No. 125), East Lansing: Michigan State University, College of Education, Institute for Research on Teaching. Erickson, F., & Mohatt, G.(1982), Cultural organization of participation stnictures in two classrooms of Indian students. In G. Spindler (Ed.), Doing the Ethnography of Schooling: Educational Anthropology in Action (pp. 132 174). New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, Feighery, William G, “Qualitative Research: Beyond the ‘Fractured Future’ The Research Methods Laboratory. Workshop and Training Organized by National Centre for Research Methods, Avenue de la Gare 2, Neuchatel, 2000, Switzerland,Switzerland,2015. _ www-nerm.ac.uk/training/show. php?article=5141 Fukuyama, F (1992). The End of History and the Last Man, New York: Free Press. Fukuyama, F, (1989, Summer), The End of History? National Interest, 16, 3-18. Geertz, Clifford, and Robert Darnton. The Interpretation of Cultures: Selected Essays. Basic Books, 1973. New York. Geertz, Clifford. Local Knowledge: Further Essays in Interpretive Anthropology, Basic Books, 2000. Glaser, Bamey G., and Anselm L. Strauss. The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research, AldineTransaction, 1967. Higgs, Joy and Nita Cherry, “Doing Qualitative Research on Practice Practice, Education, Work and Society: Writing Qualitative Research on Practice, edited by Joy Higgs, Debbie Horsfall and Sandra Grace., vol. 1, Sense Publishers, 2009, Rotterdams, The Netherland. Jacob, Evelyn, “Clarifying Qualitative Research: A Focus on Traditions.” Educational Researcher 17, no. | (1988): 16-24. http:/iwww.jstor.org/stable 1175461 Maines, D. (1977). Social Organization and Social Structure in Symbolic Interactionist Thought. Annual Review of Sociology, 3, 75-95. Maines, D. (1983). In Search of the Meso-structure: Studies in the Negotiated Order, Urban Life, 11,26. 158Malinowski, Bronislaw, et al. A Diary in the Strict Sense ofthe Term, 1967 sperere fae New York: Harcourt, Brace and World. Manis, J., & Meltzer, B. (Eds.). (1978). Symbolic Interaction: A Reader in Social Psychology, (3rd ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Mason, Jennifer. Qualitative Researching. 2nd ed., Sage, 2002. Meltzer, B.N., Petras, J. W., & Reynolds, L. T. (1975). Symbolic Interactionism: Genesis, varieties and criticism, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. Philips, S. U. (1983). The invisible culture: Communication in classroom and community on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation. New York: Longman. Ritzer, George. (1992). Contemporary Sociological Theory (3rd ed.), New ‘York: McGraw-Hill Rosaldo, Renato. Culture and Truth: Remaking of Social Analysis, Beacon Press, 1989. eB soar yeId (Further Reading) Alexander, J. C, Giesen, B., Munch, R., & Smelser, N. J. (Eds.). (1987). The micro-macro link, Berkeley:University of California Press. Clough, Patricia Ticineto, The End(s) of Ethnography: from Realism to Social Criticism, Peter Lang, 1998. Denzin, NormanK.,and YvonnaS. Lincoln. The Sage Handbookof Qualitative Research, Sage Publications, 2005, 159