UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA CAWANGAN MELAKA

KAMPUS ALOR GAJAH

DIPLOMA IN ENGLISH FOR PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION

ELS205: INTRODUCTION TO TRANSLATION

CASE STUDY REPORT

PREPARED BY:

MUHAMMAD ADIB IMRAN NOOR HAKIM 2019260214

PREPARED FOR:

SIR AHMAD HARITH SYAH

SUBMISSION DATE:

15 January 2021
SOURCE TEXT (HARRY POTTER AND THE CHAMBER OF SECRETS)

Not for the first time, an argument had broken out over breakfast at number four, Privet
Drive. Mr. Vernon Dursley had been woken in the early hours of the morning by a loud, hooting
noise from his nephew Harry’s room.

“Third time this week!” he roared across the table. “If you can’t control that owl, it’ll have
to go!”

Harry tried, yet again, to explain.

“She’s bored,” he said. “She’s used to flying around outside. If I could just let her out at
night –”

“Do I look stupid?” snarled Uncle Vernon, a bit of fried egg dangling from his bushy
mustache. “I know what’ll happen if that owl’s let out.”

He exchanged dark looks with his wife, Petunia.

Harry tried to argue back but his words were drowned by a long, loud belch from the
Dursleys’ son, Dudley.

“I want more beacon.”

“There’s more in the frying pan, sweetums,” said Aunt Petunia, turning misty eyes on her
massive son. “We must build you up while we’ve got the chance.... I don’t like the sound of that
school food....”

“Nonsense, Petunia, I never went hungry when I was at Smeltings,” said Uncle Vernon
heartily. “Dudley gets enough, don’t you, son?”

Dudley, who was so large his bottom drooped over either side of the kitchen chair,
grinned and turned to Harry.

“Pass the frying pan.”

“You’ve forgotten the magic word,” said Harry irritably.

The effect of his simple sentence on the rest of the family was incredible: Dudley gasped
and fell off his chair with a crash that shook the whole kitchen; Mrs. Dursley gave a small
scream and clapped her hands to her mouth; Mr. Dursley jumped to his feet, veins throbbing in
his temples.
 “I meant ‘please’!” said Harry quickly. “I didn’t mean –”

“WHAT HAVE I TOLD YOU,” thundered his uncle, spraying spit over the table, “ABOUT
SAYING THE ‘M’ WORD IN OUR HOUSE?”

“But I –”

“HOW DARE YOU THREATHEN DUDLEY!” roared Uncle Vernon, pounding the table
with his fist.

“I just –”

“I WARNED YOU! I WILL NOT TOLERATE MENTION OF YOUR ABNORMALITY

UNDER THIS ROOF!”

Harry stared from his purple-faced uncle to his pale aunt, who was trying to heave
Dudley to his feet.

“All right,” said Harry, “all right…”

Uncle Vernon sat back down, breathing like a winded rhinoceros and watching Harry
closely out of the corners of his small, sharp eyes.

Ever since Harry had come home for the summer holidays, Uncle Vernon had been
treating him like a bomb that might go off at any moment, because Harry Potter wasn’t a normal
boy. As a matter of fact, he was as not normal as it is possible to be.

Harry Potter was a wizard – a wizard fresh from his first year at Hogwarts School of
Witchcraft and Wizardry. And if the Dursleys were unhappy to have him back for the holidays, it
was nothing to how Harry felt.

He missed Hogwarts so much it was like having a constant stomachache. He missed the
castle, with its secret passageways and ghosts, his classes (though perhaps not Snape, the
Potions master), the mail arriving by owl, eating banquets in the Great Hall, sleeping in his four-
poster bed in the tower dormitory, visiting the gamekeeper, Hagrid, in his cabin next to the
Forbidden Forest in the grounds, and, especially, Quidditch, the most popular sport in the
Wizarding world (six tall goalposts, four flying balls, and fourteen players on broomsticks).

All Harry’s spellbooks, his wand, robes, cauldron, and top-of-the-line Nimbus Two
Thousand broomstick had been locked in a cupboard under the stairs by Uncle Vernon the
instant Harry had come home. What did the Dursleys care if Harry lost his place on the House
Quidditch team because hadn’t practiced all summer? What was it to the Dursleys if Harry went
back to school without any of his homework done? The Dursleys were what wizards called
Muggles (not a drop of magical blood in their veins), and as far they were concerned, having a
wizard in the family was a matter of deepest shame. Uncle Vernon had even padlocked Harry’s
owl, Hedwig, inside her cage, to stop her from carrying messages to anyone in the Wizarding
world.

Harry looked nothing like the rest of the family. Uncle Vernon was large and neckless,
with an enormous black mustache; Aunt Petunia was horse-faced and bony; Dudley was blond,
pink, and porky. Harry, on the other hand, was small and skinny, with brilliant green eyes and
jet-black hair that was always untidy. He wore round glasses, and on his forehead was a thin,
lightning-shaped scar.

It was this scar that made Harry so particularly unusual, even for a wizard. This scar was
the only hint of Harry’s very mysterious past, of the reason he had been left on the Dursley’s
doorstep eleven years before.

At the age of one year old, Harry had somehow survived a curse from the greatest Dark
sorcerer of all time, Lord Voldemort, whose name most witches and wizards still feared to
speak. Harry’s parents had died in Voldemort’s attack, but Harry had escaped with his lightning
scar, and somehow – nobody understood why – Voldemort’s powers had been destroyed the
instant he had failed to kill Harry.
TARGET TEXT (HARRY POTTER DAN BILIK RAHSIA)

Bukan kali pertama pertengkaran berlaku ketika sarapan di rumah Nombor Empat,
Privet Drive. Encik Vernon Dursley yang telah dikejutkan awal-awal pagi oleh suara burung
hantu dari bilik anak saudaranya, Harry, memulakan pertengkaran.

“Sudah tiga kali minggu ini!” bentaknya di meja makan. “Kalau kamu tak dapat kawal
burung itu, ia mesti keluar dari rumah ini!”

Harry, sekali lagi, cuba beri penjelasan.

“Hedwig bosan,” katanya. “Burung itu dah biasa terbang bebas. Kalaulah saya boleh
lepaskannya terbang pada waktu malam…”

“Kamu ingat pak cik bodoh?” bentak Vernon Dursley. Cebisan telur goreng melekat
pada misainya yang lebat. “Pak cik tahu apa yang akan jadi kalua burung itu dilepaskan pada
waktu malam.”

Dia dan isterinya, Petunia, saling berpandangan marah.

Harry cuba membantah tetapi suaranya tenggelam oleh sendawa Dudley yang kuat dan
panjang.

“Saya mahu daging bakar lagi,” kata anak lelaki keluarga Dursley itu.

“Ada banyak lagi di dalam kuali, sayang,” kata Mak Cik Petunia sambil memandang
sayu ke arah anaknya yang gemuk gedempol itu. “Kamu makanlah kenyang-kenyang selagi
ada peluang. Mak tak puas hati dengan makanan yang dihidangkan di sekolah kamu tu…”

“Jangan mengarut, Petunia. Saya tidak pernah kelaparan semasa bersekolah di

Smeltings,” kata Pak Cik Vernon bersungguh-sungguh. “Kamu dapat cukup makan, kan
Dudley?”

Badan Dudley sangat gemuk sehingga punggungnya menggelebeh di kiri dan kanan
kerusi dapur itu. Dia hanya tersengih lalu memandang Harry.

“Hulurkan kuali itu.”

“Kamu lupa sebut kata ajaib,” ujar Harry dengan rasa tidak senang kerana diperintah.

Kesan kata-kata Harry yang mudah itu sangat luar biasa. Dudley tersedak lalu jatuh
terjelepok ke lantai sehingga menggegarkan seluruh ruang dapur itu; Puan Dursley menjerit
terkejut sambil menekupkan tangan ke mulutnya; Encik Dursley pula bingkas bangun dengan
berang.

“Maksud saya, cakaplah ‘tolong’,” jawab Harry pantas. “Saya tidak bermaksud…”

“BERAPA KALI PAK CIK KATA,” tengking Pak Cik Vernon, air liur bersemburan di atas
hidangannya, “JANGAN SEBUT PERKATAAN ‘AJAIB’ DI DALAM RUMAH INI?”

“Tapi saya…”

“BERANI KAMU MENGANCAM DUDLEY!” bentak Pak Cik Vernon sambil menumbuk
meja.

“Saya hanya…”

“PAK CIK BERI AMARAN! PAK CIK TIDAK MAHU KAMU MENYEBUT TENTANG
KEGANJILAN KAMU ITU DI DALAM RUMAH INI!”

Harry merenung wajah pak ciknya yang birat menahan marah dan wajah mak ciknya
yang pucat ketakutan. Perempuan itu cuba menarik Dudley bangun.

“Yalah, yalah…” kata Harry.

Pak Cik Vernon duduk semula sambil bernafas kencang seperti seekor badak sumbu
yang sesak nafas. Dia merenung tajam ke arah Harry dari sudut matanya.

Sejak Harry pulang ke rumah keluarga Dursley untuk menghabiskan cuti musim panas,
Pak Cik Vernon memperlakukannya seperti sebutir bom yang boleh meletup pada bila-bila
masa… kerana Harry bukanlah seorang kanak-kanak yang normal. Dia memang tidak normal!

Harry Potter seorang ahli sihir – ahli sihir muda yang baru menamatkan tahun pertama
di Sekolah Sihir Hogwarts. Jika keluarga Dursley kurang senang dengan kehadirannya
sepanjang musim cuti sekolah itu, apa yang dirasakan oleh Harry lebih teruk daripada itu.

Dia amat rindu akan Hogwarts. Dia sangat rindu akan sekolah istana kotanya itu,
dengan lorong-lorong rahsia serta lembaga dan makhluk anehnya, dengan pelajarannya (bukan
Snape, guru Posyennya), dengan surat-surat yang dibawa oleh si burung hantu, jamuan makan
di Dewan Besar, tidur di katil empat tiang di asrama menaranya, melawat Hagrid, penjaga
mergastua di kabinnya yang terletak bersebelahan dengan Rimba Larangan dan, yang paling
utama, Quidditch, sukan paling popular di dunia ahli sihir (enam tiang gol yang tinggi, empat
bola terbang, dan empat belas pemain di atas penyapu terbang).
 Semua buku sihirnya, tongkat sakti, jubah, kawah, dan yang paling istimewa, penyapu
Nimbus Dua Ribu miliknya telah disimpan oleh Pak Cik Vernon di dalam almari bawah tangga
sebaik sahaja Harry pulang ke rumah untuk cuti semester.

Apa yang mereka peduli jika Harry tidak terpilih dalam pasukan Quidditch kerana tidak
berlatih sepanjang musim cuti? Apa yang mereka peduli jika Harry kembali ke sekolah tanpa
menyiapkan kerja-kerja sekolahnya? Keluarga Dursley merupakan orang-orang yang dipanggil
Muggle oleh golongan ahli sihir (langsung tidak mempunyai darah ahli sihir dalam tubuh
mereka) dan bagi mereka, mempunyai ahli keluarga seorang ahli sihir merupakan perkara yang
sangat memalukan. Pak Cik Vernon juga sanggup mengunci Hedwig, burung hantu Harry, di
dalam sangkarnya semata-mata untuk menghalang burung itu daripada membawa berita
kepada sesiapa sahaja di kalangan ahli sihir.

Harry tidak langsung mirip anggota keluarga itu. Pak Cik Vernon bertubuh besar dan
gemuk, dengan leher yang hampir tidak kelihatan, serta misai hitam dan lebat. Mak Cik Petunia
kurus dan bermuka lonjong, manakala Dudley pula berambut perang, berkulit cerah, dan
berbadan gemuk. Tetapi Harry bertubuh kecil dan kurus, bermata hijau galak, serta berambut
hitam berkilat yang sentiasa kusut-masai. Dia berkaca mata dan mempunyai parut halus
berbentuk pancaran kilat di dahinya.

Semasa berusia setahun, entah bagaimana, Harry terselamat daripada menjadi mangsa
Lord Voldemort seorang ahli sihir, yang paling jahat ketika itu, yang namanya pun takut disebut
oleh kebanyakan ahli sihir. Ibu bapanya terkorban dalam serangan, tetapi Harry bernasib baik
kerana terselamat walaupun dengan luka di dahi. Entah bagaimana… tiada siapa pun yang
tahu… kuasa sihir Voldemort musnah setelah dia gagal membunuh Harry.
INTRODUCTION

Harry Potter is a fantasy novel series that consist of seven books written by J. K.
Rowling. The series tell a chronicle of a young wizard named Harry Potter, also known as The
Boy Who Lived, in his journey to fight against the Dark side with his two best friends, Hermione
Granger and Ronald Weasley. The novel series have been translated in over 80 languages,
won awards, and have been sold over 500 million copies worldwide. In this report, I will analyse
the second book out of the seven books entitled Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secret.

In the second book, Harry and his friends are back to the Hogwarts School of Witchcraft
and Wizardry for their second year. This time he must face a greater evil that lurks inside the
castle and must defeat it. The new threat has caused many students to have been petrified and
turned into stone statues. There are many dark secrets that are long forgotten that will be
rediscovered regarding the school in this book.
SIGNIFICANCE OF LINGUISTIC FEATURES

Translation is a process where it is a bridge that connects two or more culture. It is a

process whereas it does not require only the creativity of a translator, but translators also must
have a good understanding about linguistic. Linguistic features have a huge role in determining
the succession of any translation. There are a lot of linguistic features that can be noticed in
translation such as special word, collocation, and borrowed word.

The linguistic feature come in the process of translation in special words, words that are
related to any subject-field texts such as scientific text, legal text, etc. Without using this
linguistic feature, it is hard to translate a text from the source language to the targeted language.
Not only the message will be unclear, but without this feature, readers tend to misunderstand
the intended messages by the author due to poor translation. For example, special words that
can be found in the chosen text are “Quidditch” and “Hogwarts”. Both of this are considered as
special words because people that do not read the book does not know the meaning of these
two words.

The next linguistic feature is collocation. According to Cambridge English Dictionary

(n.d.), collocation means a word, or a phrase often used with another word or phrase which
sounds accurate to those who spoke in native language, but it has unexpected meaning. This
feature is important in translation as direct translation is not always an ideal way of translating a
text as sometimes the intended meanings can be significantly different. Without this feature,
non-native speaker will have a hard time to understand the intended meaning of a native
speaker.

The third and the last linguistic feature is borrowed word. This is an important linguistic
feature as some words of any intended meaning does not exist in the targeted language. For
example, the word “goal” in the source text can be translated to “gol” which also have then
same meaning, despite being spelled differently. Therefore, it is important to know about this
feature as to avoid any readers to misunderstand the intended meaning by the author.
ANALYSING THE TRANSLATED TEXT BASED ON TRANSLATION TECHNIQUE

Translation procedures are methods applied by translator when formulating an

equivalence for the purpose of transferring any elements of meaning from a source language
(SL) to targeted language (TL). Back in the 1950s, two French scholars, named Jean Paul
Vinay and Jean Darbelnet, came up with the seven procedures of translation to attain
equivalence in two or more different languages. The seven techniques fall under either one of
the two general strategies of translating, which are direct translation, which is more literal and
formal, and oblique translation, which is free and dynamic. Direct translation covers three of
procedures which are borrowing, calque, and literal translation. Oblique translation covers the
other four of the procedures which are transposition, modulation, equivalence/idiomatic
translation, and adaptation.

BORROWING

Borrowing is the simplest way to translate compare to other methods. This method is
usually used for overcoming a gap, usually a metalinguistic one. Borrowing is mostly applied to
introduce a new vocabulary in the targeted language.

SOURCE TEXT TRANSLATED TEXT JUSTIFICATION

bomb bom The word “bom” is in Malay
Language which originated
from English Language
“bomb”, which means
explosive device. This shows
that the word is taken as a
borrowing from English
Language to Malay
Language.

popular popular The word “popular” in both

languages is spelt the same
which also giving the same
meaning (admired by many
people) thus, the borrowing
method can be seen is used
 by the translator.

goal gol The word “goal” in the source

text means the posts
between which the ball is to
be sent to score a point,
which is the same meaning
for the word “gol” in the
translated text but with a
slight difference in spelling.
This shows that the word is
borrowed by Malay Language
from English Language.

LITERAL TRANSLATION

Literal translation, which also known as word-for-word translation, is a direct transfer

from the source language to targeted language which is grammatically and idiomatically
appropriate. This method can only be applied with languages that are extremely close in cultural
terms.

SOURCE TEXT TRANSLATED TEXT JUSTIFICATION

Great Hall Dewan Besar Following the definition
above, “Great Hall” is
translated to “Dewan Besar”,
which shows that it is
acceptable for literal
translation method as the
meaning remains the same
and are acceptable in both
languages.

Forbidden Forest Rimba Larangan Following the definition

above, “Forbidden Forest” is
translated to “Rimba
Larangan”, which shows that
it is acceptable for literal
translation method as the
meaning remains the same
and are acceptable in both
languages.
 lightning-shaped
berbentuk pancaran kilat Following the definition
above, “lightning-shaped” is
translated to “berbentuk
pancaran kilat”, which shows
that it is acceptable for literal
translation method as the
meaning remains the same
and are acceptable in both
languages.

TRANSPOSITION

Transposition involves in replacing one word class with another without changing the
intended message. This method is considered as a highly versatile translation method.

SOURCE TEXT TRANSLATED TEXT JUSTIFICATION

He exchanged dark looks Dia dan isterinya, Petunia, The sequence of the source
with his wife, Petunia. saling berpandangan marah. text is changed in the target
text. “He exchanged dark
looks with his wife, Petunia.”
is changed to “Dia dan
isterinya, Petunia, saling
berpandangan marah.” This
is considered as transposition
as the sequence of the
sentence is changed but the
intended meaning is still the
same.

At the age of one year old,
Harry had somehow survived
a curse from the greatest
Dark sorcerer of all time, Lord
Voldemort, whose name
most witches and wizards still
feared to speak.
Semasa berusia setahun, The sequence of the source
entah bagaimana, Harry text is changed in the target
terselamat daripada menjadi text. “At the age of one year
mangsa Lord Voldemort, old, Harry had somehow
seorang ahli sihir yang paling survived a curse from the
jahat ketika itu, yang greatest Dark sorcerer of all
namanya pun takut disebut time, Lord Voldemort, whose
oleh kebanyakan ahli sihir. name most witches and
wizards still feared to speak.”
is changed to Semasa
berusia setahun, entah
bagaimana, Harry terselamat
daripada menjadi mangsa
Lord Voldemort, seorang ahli
 sihir yang paling jahat ketika
itu, yang namanya pun takut
disebut oleh kebanyakan ahli
sihir.” This is considered as
transposition as the
sequence of the sentence is
changed but the intended
meaning is still the same.

MODULATION

Modulation is a method where it is the varying of the language which obtained by a

change in the point of view. This method consists of using a phrase that is different in both
source language and targeted language to convey the same idea. Using this, translators can
generate a change in perspective of any messages without changing the intended meaning to
the readers.

SOURCE TEXT TRANSLATED TEXT JUSTIFICATION

He exchanged dark looks Dia dan isterinya, Petunia, Following the statement
with his wife, Petunia. saling berpandangan marah. above, the phrase “dark
looks”, if translate it literally, it
would “pandangan gelap”.
Instead of this, the translator
use “berpandangan marah”
to represent the intended
meaning from the source
text. Therefore, it is
considered as modulation as
both phrases agrees and
convey the same intended
idea to the readers in both
languages.

“There’s more in the frying
pan, sweetgums,” said Aunt
Petunia, turning misty eyes
on her massive son.
Ada banyak lagi di dalam Following the statement
kuali, sayang,” kata Mak Cik above, the phrases
Petunia sambil memandang “sweetgums” and “misty
sayu ke arah anaknya yang eyes”, if translate it literally, it
gemuk gedempol itu. would “getah manis” and
“berkabus mata” respectively.
Instead of this, the translator
use “sweetgums” and “misty
eyes” to represent the
 intended meaning from the
source text. Therefore, it is
considered as modulation as
both phrases agrees and
convey the same intended
idea to the readers in both
languages.

EQUIVALENCE

Equivalent, also known as reformulation or idiomatic translation, is a method that is often

desirable by translators to produce an entirely different structure with different meaning from the
source language as long as it is appropriate in the targeted language.

SOURCE TEXT TRANSLATED TEXT JUSTIFICATION

“I want more bacon.”
“Saya mahu daging bakar “Bacon” means smoked
lagi.” meat, a type of food most
common in the Western
culture. The equivalence that
can be found in Malay culture
is “daging bakar”. This is a
successful translation as both
phrases convey the same
meaning in their respective
languages and sentences.

What did the Dursleys care if Apa yang mereka peduli jika “Summer” means smoked
Harry lost his place on the Harry tidak terpilih dalam meat, a type of food most
House Quidditch team pasukan Quidditch kerana common in the Western
because he hadn’t practiced tidak berlatih sepanjang culture. The equivalence that
all summer? musim cuti? can be found in Malay culture
is “musim cuti”. This is a
successful translation as both
phrases convey the same
meaning in their respective
languages and sentences.

ADAPTATION
 Adaptation, also known as cultural substitution or cultural equivalent, is the extreme limit
of any translation which is used whenever a translator has to create a new situation in the
targeted language that is equivalent to the source language.

SOURCE TEXT TRANSLATED TEXT JUSTIFICATION

“We must build you up while
we’ve got the chance…. I
don’t like the sound of that
school food….”
“Kamu makanlah kenyang-
kenyang selagi ada peluang.
Mak tak puas hati dengan
makanan yang dihidangkan
di sekolah kamu itu…”
Based on the definition
above, “We must build you
up while we’ve got the
chance” is translated as
“Kamu makanlah kenyang-
kenyang selagi ada peluang”
in Malay Language which
both have the same meaning.
It is culturally appropriate in
Malay culture as the source
language text have an
awkward meaning if translate
it literally.

He missed Hogwarts so Dia amat rindu akan Based on the definition

much it was like having a Hogwarts. above, “He missed Hogwarts
constant stomachache. so much it was like having a
constant stomachache” is
translated as “Dia amat rindu
akan Hogwarts” in Malay
Language which both have
the same meaning. It is
culturally appropriate in
Malay culture as the source
language text have an
awkward meaning if translate
it literally.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, there are many translations method that can be used by translators on
translating any text, whether it is formal or informal, from any source language to any targeted
language by using the methods that Vinal and Darbelnet have proposed, which are borrowing,
calque, literal translation, transposition, modulation, equivalence, and adaptation.
 Overall, the translator uses the techniques quite well while maintaining the context and
the intended meaning from the source text to the targeted text. The content is well delivered as
it is translated to be appropriate to cultures. In my opinion, the translator did a great job in
translating the text from English Language to Malay Language. Therefore, the overall text is
great, and the meanings are delivered well in both languages.
REFERENCES

Cambridge Dictionary: English Dictionary, Translations & Thesaurus. (n.d.). Retrieved January
15, 2021, from https://dictionary.cambridge.org/

Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu @PRPM. (n.d.). Retrieved January 15, 2021, from
https://prpm.dbp.gov.my/

Rowling, J. K. (n.d.). Harry Potter dan Bilik Rahsia (pp. 1-4) (1153067811 866728220 P., Ed.).

Rowling, J. K. (n.d.). The Worst Birthday. In Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secret (pp. 1-4).
Pottermore Limited.

Siregar, R. (n.d.). Translation ProceduresAnalysis:English - Indonesian Motivational Book.

Retrieved January 15, 2021, from http://www.iosrjournals.org/