Shankar 1.8.

8
(1)

M i M i + M i M i = 2I
2M i M i = 2I
M iM i = I
Let M i |ωi = ω|ωi
So
M i M i |ωi = I|ωi
ω 2 |ωi = |ωi
ω2 = 1
ω = ±1
(2)

M i M j = −M j M i
This implies:

M i M j M i = −M j M i M i
= −M j I
= −M j
So

T r(M i M j M i ) = −T r(M j )
T r(M i M i M j ) = −T r(M j )
T r(M j ) = −T r(M j )
implies T r(M j ) = 0
(3)
n
X
T r(M i ) = ωk
k=1

where n = dimension of the matrix. But ω = ±1 and T r(M i ) = 0. So T r(M i )

can be zero only for even n.

(Homework Solution by Arooj Mukarram)