𝑀

𝑦 𝑀 𝑦 𝑓 𝐸B
𝑓B = 𝑛 𝑓 = 𝐸 = 𝑛 = 𝐴 V = W𝐴X + (𝑛 − 1) 𝐴B Y
𝐼 𝐼 𝜀 𝐸+
𝑀 2 𝑀
𝑘 = \(𝜌 𝑛)< + 2 𝜌 𝑛 − 𝜌 𝑛 𝑓B = 𝑓+ = 𝑓] = 0.62𝜆 Q𝑓+´ (𝑀𝑃𝑎)
𝐴B 𝑗𝑑 𝑘 𝑗 𝑏 𝑑<

𝐼E = 𝐼E´ + 𝐴(Δ𝑌)<
𝑓+H < 𝑓] ⟹ 𝐸𝑡𝑎𝑝𝑎 1
𝐸+ = 3900 Q𝑓+´ (𝑀𝑃𝑎)
𝑓+H ≥ 𝑓] ⟹ 𝐸𝑡𝑎𝑝𝑎 2
𝑘 𝑏ℎb ∑ 𝐴𝑌
𝑗 = 1 − 𝐼E = 𝑌c =
3 12 ∑𝐴
𝑓+´
𝑓+ < ⟹ 𝐸𝑡𝑎𝑝𝑎 2 𝑓B < 𝑓9 ⟹ 𝐸𝑡𝑎𝑝𝑎 2
2

𝑓+´ − 28 𝑓9
𝛽" = 0.85 − 0.05 (𝑀𝑃𝑎) 0.65 ≤ 𝛽" ≤ 0.85 𝜙𝑀7 = 𝜙 𝜌 𝑓9 𝑏 𝑑< =1 − 0.59 𝜌 @
7 𝑓+´
𝑓+´ 𝜀+G 𝑓9
𝐴B = 𝜌 𝑏 𝑑 𝜌CáE = 0.85 𝛽" 𝐾 = 𝜌 𝑓9 =1 − 0.59 𝜌 @ 𝜙𝑀7 = 𝜙 𝐾 𝑏 𝑑<
𝑓9 𝜀H + 𝜀+G 𝑓+´

0.25 Q𝑓+´ 1.4

𝜌CP7 = 𝜌CP7 = 0.85 𝑓+´ 𝛽" 𝑏 𝑐 < + 0.003 𝐴B 𝐸B 𝑐 − 0.003 𝐴B 𝐸B 𝑑 = 0
𝑓9 𝑓9

𝑎 𝜌CP7 ≤ 𝜌 ≤ 𝜌CáE ⟹ 𝑆. 𝐶. 𝑇
𝜙𝑀7 = 𝜙 0.85 𝑓+´ 𝑎 𝑏 K𝑑 − L 𝑎 = 𝛽" 𝑐
2