PHRASES AND CLAUSES Iisa group of words which gives some meaning but not complete meaning. It does not have subject and verb. ( subject 6ci verbSxom Sos wep ys HA Sere Sxveraivd “phrase” wots). e.g: 1. The prime minister of India, 2. The man of the match, 3. The legs of the bench, 4, Because of his ill-health, 5. Onaccount ofa Hudhud cyclone, 6. On behalfof our staff members, B AMIPSaDI NNR OD SG oT adyy. wd 6 verb Sear Sv. Normally, phrase is of three kinds (3 6s*e) 1. Adjective Phrase 2. Adverb Phrase 3. Noun Phrase 1. Adjective Phrase : A group of words that does the work of an adjective is called an adjective phrase. (2 adjectived’S 39 8 Sere Ssorceo HLH ord0 adjective phrase SoM. ) 2.8 adjective 2.8 noun/pronoun ® qualify S%08. id Dgorr phrase Sra eS noun/pronoun’ qualify ‘oir. (Refer - Adjective) Difference between “adjective” and “adjective phrase”. eg: [have ared -shirt. (adjective) havea shirt with red colour adjective phrase) (2 acrsrGed* “ with red colour” ©&4 &.8 group of words.e group Sx¥o “shirt” eS noun 800 Syod Sotssos of adjective phrase SH08.Adjective Adjective Phrase 1.a“golden” chain ‘achain "made of gold” 2. agreen” sari asariwith green colour 3. a” white” elephant anelephant witha white skin 4,a*jungle” track atrack through the jungle 5. a"squint-eyed” man aman with a quimeye 6.an“Indian” cinema acinema of India 7. the “heavy” load aload of great weight Examples: 1, Ambani is a wealthy man (Adj) Ambani is aa man of great wealth (Adj.phr) 2. The teacher was akind man, (Adj) ‘The teacher was a man with a kindly nature. (Adj.phr) 3. want to see your smiling face. (Adj) I want to see your face with a smile on it, (Adj.phr) 4, Ramesh lives in a wooden - house. (Adj) Ramesh lives in a house built of wood. (Adj phr) 2. Adverb Phrase: A group of words that does the work of an adverb is called ‘an adverb phrase’. (@.8 adverbd BA Sy Soro Kearsro Fags NO ‘adverb phrase’ sosree. ) a8 adverba.’ adjective/verb/ &>t°S adverb 7800 Dando. wd Ogorw ‘adverb phrase’ Seer 2.8 adjec- tive/verb/%8°S adverb 72800 sir(Sdo Bendo8. (Refer - Adverb) Difference between ‘an adverb’ and ‘an adverb phrase’, eg. Viratkohliruns fast. (Adverb) Virat kohli runs witha great speed. (Adv.phr) ‘B aorvPdeé “witha great speed” #3 adverb phrase, “runs” #3 verb 800 Sarto.‘Adverb ‘Adverb Phrase 1. bravely inabrave manner 2unwisely in anunwise manner 3. greatly ina great manner 4 nicely in anice way 5 attractively inanattractive way 6 beautifully inabeautiful style 7..formerly informer times 8.recently atarecent date 9.there at that place 10. here al this place 11 abroad 1001) ina foreign country Examples: 1. Pallavi ran quickly. (Adj) Pallavi ran with a great speed (Adj.phr) 2. Heanswered mudely. (Adj) He answered in a rude manner. (Adjiphr) 3. Sheis dancing now. (Adj) She is dancing at this very moment. (Adj.phr) 4. Hewas not reading then (Adj) He was not reading at that moment. (Adj phr) 5. ‘The manstipped here (Adj) ‘The man slipped on this spot. (Adj-phr) 6. You can see the sun every where. (Adj) ‘You can see the sun in all places. (Adj.phr) 7. _ Heis riding the bike carelessly (Adj) He is riding the bike without any care. (Adj.phr)Note: All adverb phrases cannot be replaced by adverbs. eg: Itis very beautiful (Adi) ‘B screed! very wd adverb x adverb phrase & replace dabdsin. 3. Noun Phrase: a group of words which does the work of noun - is called ‘a noun phrase’. @8 noundd Sd0 2) Soro SSarrcho Jh4™s oD ‘noun phrase’ eoerts.) 8 noun/ noun phrase 28 argo6 subject rr rr object rr PD HASxGOS, ND Qoroeo% who, what, which, whom, #3 Smbos* verbs Smotexy Sor Stoars axy Li Siorrdin ey Exatood Sih) ssirgesich © FSZOS subject MA object MD wxyeood. eg. 1.The boy wants i apple (noun) (object) 2. The boy want go home (n.p) (object) 3. Early to bed isa good habit. (subject) 4. He is reading this book. (object) 5. To.win the world cup is my goal (subject) 6. He loves to cheat others (object) 7. He tried to solve the sum. (object) 8. Working for twelve hours a day did nothing to me. (subject) 9, She does not like stealing money. (object) 10. I don’t like such a man (object) 11. Your playing cricket at this agesurprises me (subject) 12. Edon’t like to g0 to market. (object) ‘B examplesod® object/subjectrr 2. noun phrase % &Sairhowo wOAB. (Underlined parts are noun phrases) Refer- “noun” for fullinformation.=> Clause is nothing but a sentence, => Ithas subject and predicate (s+ v+-0/oc /e) = Itgivescomplete meaning. He has got first rank in 014 s predicate ill come to vizag tomorrow predicate B examples o¢* (1) He ©88 subject, ‘has got’ #86 verb, first rank ©86 object, in Dsc 2014 #30 complement wiyibo8 . (2)1 686 subject, will come #6 verb, to vizag tomorrow eS&complement sHso8 a8* object Bt. Clause is of two types: 1. Main clause (Independent Clause) 2. Sub- ordinate clause (Dependent Clause) (1) Main Clause : Aclause which is independent and gives complete meaning is called a main clause”, (SSolSorr 408 Hg e~PND cH ‘main clause’ eosres.) eg) Ramu isadoctor. He is working in the U.S.A. > example & two independent clauses a=Raw. 0D 28 eoP =XQTBOw. 2) Sub- Ontinate Clause: A clause which is dependent and gives incomplete meaning is called “a sub-ordinate clause”. It depends on main clause to complete its meaning. (28 clause cr emp Q BSS'ScrE main clause B apPUsés or “sub - ordinate clause” woere. 28 sub- ordinate clause, 2% main clause & SosiarO8 sub - ordinating conjunction% &%%o&208. (as, since, etc) (Ref-conjunction in parts of speech) Sub-ordinate clauseis of three types: 1. Adjective clause 2. Advertyelause 3. Nounclause(1) Adjective Clause: A clause which does the work of an adjective is called “an adjective clause”. It tell about a noun a8 adjective 5 49 8 clause SH6ZS @ clause Xo adjective clause eosert. eg: The umbrella which has a broken handleis mine Which has a broken handle ©%%0 umbrella © noun 7609 Soh ss w6 adjective clause 908. Examples: 1, Students who did not complete home work were sent out. People who cheat others should not come here. Ramya tells a story thatismot good. The boys who did not pass the exam were clever. ‘The dog that barks does not bite. The money which was given by Jagannadhis currupt. I meta girl whose hair is very long I remember the house where I was born. Cer nwevn Thad a dog whose tail is very short. 10. The house that [live in belongs to my father . Adjective clause Sot who, whose, which, that and where © conjunctions éS@rAotmteran, oSify 28 noun/pronoun 80D Biko ateiSeoO (2) Adverb Clause: Aclause which does the work of an adverbs called an adverb clause. It tells about a verb/an adjective/ an adverb. (28 adverb dnt S29 3% clause % adverb clause eoxb&. ) e.g: They rested when it was 10-0" clock. D example Sox when it was 10 0° clock ©%6 time of action% BOcbAQos. wos Dgyt rest Sxotsays* Bme6ob. codex 8 adverbclause eH%0d. Look at the following exampkes: 1. You may go wherever you wish, 2. He was kept in prison because he was thief, 3. Asheisasinger, he can sing songs.He got a job though he was lazy. Please wait till Lcome back to you, When I was young, I played well. ‘You will fail unless you work hard. Cea aw While he was playing, he fell down. 10, He isarrogant since he is rich. Adverb clause Sot where, wherever, whenever, because, as, since, though, although, eventhough, when , while, if, unless, till, until, how , as soon as etc.©8 conjunctions 6Sarhotad verb 160 Sexeax, (3) Noun Clause: A clamse which does the work of a noun is called “a noun clause”. It is used as a subject or an object. 28 noun SO 28 clause B48 HOD noun clause woeRes. af subject rF MPD object TF MD LH Fxgo8. expect that Ishall geta prize Sv obejet (noun clause) a8 nounclause - what, which, who w Srto8 answereieood. eg: Examples: 1, Your excuseis that you are weak. He said that he was a doctor. ‘Your complaint that he stole your purse is haseless. “This is where Llive. He enquired whether she was a heroine. He asked if she had helped the poor. ‘That you are cleveris your opinion. ‘That she is great isher belief. vey nur wn Itall depends on how you look at it. 10. She said that she had committed a mistake. Nounclause Soe that, if, whether, how, where, when, why conjunction a&abhoxkio atoroeoo8, OS Do