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    معدات مواقع انشائيه
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    8 views7 pages

    Abstract Algebra - Lectures (1) 211

    Uploaded by

    معدات مواقع انشائيه

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    Pics Abstract = = Lecture 1). A) getora ~Detiaikion 3 A non zempty set Gis sciid tobe a group if in GQ there ‘is detined an operation % such hat ——(i}_a,beG_ implies axbeG — i “We describe \Wis toy Saying that Qis closed under pen fiven a,b,c EG, then axWo#e) = (amo) C “This is descrtteed by Saying that the associative lau holds in @ * at 25 SS (il) There exists aspecil cement eeG. such that_ e A&E EXO =O = eee eis called theiidentity or uitelement &@" j AW] For every ac, thete exists an element be Gi_suchitot_ Ox =—N*xa = « "We unrile tine element tb_os.o0! and caf the ten in Q* ; “Whe operation inG ts usuclly celled the produck ard we -——Shallustile ob intend Ragh ~EXamoples_of _graup : aa L@ @4 R, 4 +} ‘isagroup ee A. tothe sel. oe tev! nuynoers... = @iaoi ie nota group, - Cx =e ee “Hence oc mustice the uvitelement e._ De season = = —y-o isan demerk ch Saree uedefine at =. oe ata — kek [2 Ome ge (ge Ee eee eee ee nearer ea ~ Let abe an in dlement of aqroup ( G@.. Then Sabi} )-e") : Crook : ee : Ihe. proof_cwillt bee lethas: anlexerise. 1 collouiing “eck G. usta! the peration indicated, from agroup. As nor, paint out whic of tne-group a axioms a foil. = it) @.o_set ming. mae! than.one.clkement., oxben NabeG so Gp Sis. agroup io woliida c@ ae aed , Shou that G B- Show that_any qroup a over | horless is abelian. ——— 6 Bowe tok nggoup & en for every et Se abocRon. se ———— _G Tp Gris a finite group, prove tat, given. c1eGr, there isa, positive __ integer n, deperdivg_on o., such thet a 22 ee QO a Ap strane 2 __Lecture@) : Algebra SS0Roreips Le A nonempty aubset Hot ‘group Giscoled a Sulegroup of Gif, relative to the Sao Sn G1 tse forms a. group... We use the notation SG __We shies the phrase" velutive 4o_ the operation nt. ke, for instance , Haz subst A= ft, tye Bunder tre rauttipfication.. 2, ATs. agroup tout [is not Subgroup of % Viewed as Wo pespect tou es iy | oe — __ Event iy. group. 40 G automaticail iy has {wo obvious

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