7/3/2020 SOF Olympiad Trainer

FAMILY AND FESTIVALS - ESSENTIAL POINTS

Family is a group of people living together in a house.

Mother and father are parents.
Brothers and sisters are called siblings.
Family members care for each other and all members of family help each other in their work.
We get love, affection, help, care, joy etc. from the family.
Surname is a name shared in common to identify the members of family.
Our parent’s parents are our grandparents.
Maternal Grandparents: Parents of Mother
Paternal Grandparents: Parents of Father
Types of families

A. Small family or Nuclear family

Father, mother and one or two children make a small family or nuclear family.
B. Single parent family
A family where children are brought up by either the father or mother is called single parent family.
C. Large family
Father, mother and three or more children make a large family.
D. Joint family
A family with parents, grandparents, uncles, aunts and cousins living in one house is called a
joint family.
Aunts are sisters of mother or father and also wives of uncles.
Uncles are brothers of mother or father.
Cousins are children of uncles and aunts.

We should love our family members. We should help and take care of every member of family.

Relative is a member belonging to our family.

Outdoor activities are those activities that are done outside the house. Example, cycling, football etc.
Indoor activities are those activities that are done inside the house. Example, carom-board, chess, table
tennis, listening to radio, watching TV etc.
Birthday, wedding and puja are family occasions.
Langar is a community occasion.
Recreation is enjoyable leisure activity.
People in India celebrate different festivals.
Festivals are time for fun and enjoyment.
Festivals bring us joy and happiness.
On festivals people wear new clothes, eat special food and meet their friends and family.
Festivals are celebrated at different months of the year.
Types of festivals
There are 3 kinds of festivals celebrated in India
A. National festivals
There are three national festivals: Independence Day, Republic Day and Gandhi Jayanti. We feel
proud and happy to celebrate them.
Dr. SawapalliRadhakrishnan’s birthday is celebrated as Teacher’s day on 5th September
a. Independence Day
Independence day is celebrated on 15th August every year. On this day India got its freedom
from British rule in 1947. Prime minister hoists the National Flag at Red Fort in Delhi on this
day. We all remember the freedom fighters of our country.
b. Republic Day
Republic day is celebrated on 26th January every year. India became a republic and our
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constitution came into force on this day in 1950. The National Flag is raised and National
Anthem is sung. Grand parade takes place in Delhi. President of India takes salute of the
parade.
c. Gandhi Jayanti
Gandhi Jayanti is celebrated on 2nd October every year. It is the birth day of Mahatma
Gandhi, who is also known as the Father of the Nation. He is fondly called Bapu.
B. Religious festivals
People of different religions live in India and celebrate different festivals like Diwali, Eid,
Gurpurab, Christmas etc.
a. Diwali
Diwali is one of the main festivals of Hindus. It is also known as ‘festivals of lights’. It is
celebrated to mark the return of Lord Rama to Ayodhya after an exile of 14 years. People
clean and decorate their houses. People wear new clothes and burn crackers. Goddess
Lakshmi is worshiped on this day.
b. Eid
Eid is important festival for Muslims. It is celebrated after holy month of Ramzan. Muslims
keep fast for 30 days. They go to offer prayers (Namaaz) in mosques.Meethisewaian are made
during Eid.Eid is celebrated in year as Eid-ul-Fitr, Eid-ul-Zuha and Eid-ul-Milad.
c. Gurpurab
Gurupurab is main festival of Sikhs. It is celebrated to mark the birthday of their gurus on this
day. People go to gurudwaras to offer their prayers ans services. They read verses from the
Guru Granth Sahib.Langar is a community lunch and is prepared and serves in gurudwaras. It
is celebrated 10 times a year on birthday of 10 gurus. Guru Nanak was the first Guru of the
Sikhs.
d. Christmas
Christmas is celebrated on 25th December every year as birthday of Jesus Christ. Churches
and houses are decorated. People greet each other by saying ‘Merry Christmas’. Children
believe that Santa Claus brings gift for them at night.
C. Harvest festivals
Harvest is the main time when crops get ripe. After harvesting, people sell their crops and get
money. The celebration is known as harvest festival.
a. Lohri
Lohri is celebrated on 13th January mainly in North India, especially in Punjab. A bonfire is
lighted around which people dance. Corn and sugarcane are used in celebration.
b. Bihu
Bihu is the biggest festival of Assam. It is celebrated at 3 different times of year – spring,
autumn and winter.
c. Pongal
Pongal is celebrated in Tamil Nadu. It is celebrated for 3 days in January. People worship the
Rain God, Sun God and Mother Cow. A special dish called Pongal rice is made from newly
harvested rice and jiggery.
d. Onam
Onam is celebrated in Kerala in august or September to honour king Mahabali’s return.
People decorate elephants and exciting boat races are main attractions of Onam.
D. Holi is festivals of colors.
E. During Dussehraeffigies of Ravana along with brother Kumbhkaran and his son Meghnath are
burnt.Dissehra is celebrated on 10th day of Navaratra.

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