THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE

ISA 4 SUBMISSION

PES UNIVERSITY, FOA

BY: YOGITH B
SRN: PES1UG20BA033
SEMESTER: 04
DATE: 05.05.2022
CONSTRUCTIVISM

Constructivism is an early twentieth-century art

movement founded in 1915 by Vladimir Tatlin and
Alexander Rodchenko. Abstract and austere,
constructivist art aimed to reflect modern industrial
society and urban space. The movement rejected
decorative stylization in favor of the industrial
assemblage of materials.

CONSTRUCTIVISM ART

Constructivism The basic formal characteristics of

Constructivist art, included the use of geometric or
technoid primary forms, arranged in a space or
surface in harmonious order. Constructivist painters
rejected bright, colourful palates and experimented
with the effects of light and movement.
CONSTRUCTIVIST ARCHITECTURE
It is a form of modern archicture that started in former USSR in
1920s that emerged from constructivist art. Principles of
Constructivism came from Suprematism, Newo Plasticism and
Bauhaus. The architectural movement didn't last long, only till
1932 but the effects of it are still seen today.

The style combines straight lines and various forms such as

cylinders, squares, rectangles, cubes.

Elements of Constructivst art/architecture are:

• Minimal
• geometric
• spatial architectonic
• experimental
FAMOUS CONSTRUCTIVIST
ARTWORKS

EL LISSITZKY’S PROUN ROOM (1923) Proun Room is an installation of dynamic abstract forms that
appear to be floating, and which are meant to activate the viewer, propelling them around the space.
MODELS OF TATLIN'S
MONUMENT
Were produced and shown at political meetings, protests,
and parades throughout the 1920s, despite the fact that it
was never completed. Its most significant historical impact,
however, was on Russian Soviet modern artists, particularly
the Constructivists, who were developing new aesthetic
practises in line with the new communist society's ideals and
principles. Tatlin's use of modern materials, rational
structure, and utilitarian shapes was a key example for these
artists of how artists may combine traditionally diverse roles
and forms of art, craft, and engineering to contribute to the
creation of a new world.
FUNCTIONALISM
Functionalism is an architectural paradigm that asserts that
structures should be created according to their function. In the
early 1900s, functionalism arose out of a desire to improve the
functions of a space for people. The idea of designing
decorative and ornamental components as a form of aesthetic
expression by the architect was largely ignored by this approach.
Many architects of the time believed that only the most
fundamental elements of a structure should be ornamented.

EXPRESSIONISM
They tended toward abstraction, the idea of objects or structures
not seen in the real world. Expressionist architecture was
designed to evoke inner feelings and extreme emotions.
Buildings created in this style made a statement and stood out
from the structures around them. Expressionist Architecture
dealt with communal concepts after World War I due to the
shock of having lost a war that brought a feeling that an era had
passed and that it was time to orchestrate the rebirth of
communal life and arts in Germany. Expressionism rejected the
machine age as the foundation of artistic creation, which came
out as an opposition to designing in architecture as the design is
conditioned by utility, materials, construction, and economics.
By transposing the social uprising into artistic activity,
expressionism advocated that political and artistic revolutions
are the same.
BAHAUS
The style of Bahaus is commonly characterized as a
combination of the Arts and Crafts movement with
modernism, as evident in its emphasis on function and,
according to the Tate, its “aim to bring art back into contact
with everyday life.” Thus, typical Bauhaus designs— whether
evident in painting, architecture.

DE STIJL
De Stijl, meaning 'Style' was a modern art movement developed
in the Netherlands in the early twentieth century. Encompassing
painting, architecture and design, de Stijl was founded by Piet
Mondrian and Theo van Doesberg in 1917 based upon strict
ideals of vertical and horizontal geometry. Example -
SCHRODER'S HOUSE
MINIMALISM
Simplicity, clean lines, and a monochromatic palette with colour
utilised as an accent characterise it. It usually consists of an open
floor plan, plenty of natural light, and functional furniture, with
a focus on the shape, colour, and texture of a few key items.
Minimalistic design has been highly influenced by Japanese
traditional design and architecture. Example - Zollverein school
of management and design.

METABOLISM
Metabolism is a modern architecture movement originating in
Japan and most influential in the 1960s— trending roughly from
the late 1950s to the early 1970s.The word metabolism
describes the process of maintaining living cells. Young
Japanese architects after World War II used this word to
describe their beliefs about how buildings and cities should be
designed, emulating a living being. Example - Nakagin capsule
tower.

CRITICAL REGIONALISM
Critical regionalism is an approach to architecture that strives to
counter the placelessness and lack of identity of the
International Style, but also rejects the whimsical individualism
and ornamentation of Postmodern architecture an architectural
concept that seeks to balance local needs and capabilities with
the progressive lessons of modernisation. Example - Saynatsalo
town hall