Chapter No: 03

Chemical safety
Chemical hazard:
A chemical hazard is any chemical that can cause illness, injury or an
emergency situation. i.e. Fire and explosion

Types of Chemical hazards

There are two types of chemical hazard.

1. Physical hazard
2. Health hazard

1. Physical hazard:

Chemical that causes fire, explosion and violent chemical reactions are the physical
hazards.

2. Health hazard:

The entrance of toxic substance into the body is called health hazard.

1. Inhaled into lungs.

2. Ingested into stomach.
3. Absorbed through skin.

Types of chemical fire hazards

1. Flammable : gases and liquid
Less than 100oF (38oC)
2. Combustible : liquid and solid
Greater than 100oF (38oC)
3. Oxidizer : provide oxygen during combustion reaction
4. Corrosive : acid and base
 Chemical Hierarchy of control Triangle

Engineering control
➢ Proper barriers to reduce noise and radiations.

Administrative control
➢ By changing method and work pattern (adopt safe method)
➢ Isolation
➢ Substitution
➢ Elimination

PPE
➢ Safe plant and equipment
➢ Proper information
➢ Supervision
 ➢ Instruction
➢ Training
➢ Safe work place including mean of entry and exit.
➢ Set safety policies

Control of chemical hazards exposures

i. Read and obey all warning signs.
ii. Use all required PPEs every time.
iii. Read labels carefully.
iv. Keep work clothes in good condition.
v. Wash skin and eyes before and after working in chemical area.

Exposures safe control

i. Evacuation
ii. Re-route traffic around spill.
iii. Shut down equipment in the area.
iv. Position sandbags around sewer drains.