EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 913 NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM November 2008 Ics 97.20.90 ‘Supersedes EN 913:1996 English Version Gymnastic equipment - General safety requirements and test methods iol de gymnastique - Exigences générales de sécurité Turngerdte- Allgemeine sicherhetstechnische ‘et méthodes deseal “Anforderungen und Prifvertahren ‘This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 Septemiver 2008, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC intemal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this Europoan Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date ists and bibliographical references concemning such national Standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. ‘This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, Fronch, German). A version in any other language made by trantation under the responsibilty of a CEN member into its own language and noted tothe CEN Management Centre has the same status as the oficial versions, ‘CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Bolgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germary, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, laly, Latvia Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Nonway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzeriand and United Kingdom, aa! EUROPAISCHES KOMITEE FOR NORMUNG. Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 96 B-1050 Brussels ©2008 CEN All sghts of explotation in any form and by any maans reserved Rel, No. EN 913:2008: € worldwide for CEN national Members,EN 913:2008 (E) Contents Page Foreword. Scope Normative references Terms and defi Hazard assessment ns. General safety requirements eoanena Marking Annex A (normative) Determination of entrapment... Annex B (normative) Mechanical loading for determination of stability and strength Annex C (normative) Determination of shock absorption of paddingEN 913:2008 (E) Foreword This document (EN 913:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136 “Sports, playground and other recreational facilities and equipment’, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 913:1996, This European Standard is one of several standards, each of which deals with a particular type or a particular group of gymnastic equipment. Gymnastic equipment of any type not covered by a relevant European Stan- dard is covered by this general standard, The principal changes from the previous edition of EN 913 are as follows: a) Requirements on stability and strength were amended by means of a formula with regard to the differen- tiation of rigid and sectional gymnastic equipment; b) Figure 1 was extended with examples of permissible parts; ©) requirements regarding entrapment were expanded. According to the CEN/CENELEC Intemal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Repub- lic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, ‘Switzerland and the United Kingdom.EN 913:2008 (E) 3.6 variable load loads due to factors other than the static and body loads 4 Hazard assessment ‘The assessment of hazards has been based on EN ISO 12100-1. Twelve categories of hazard or sources of hazard have been considered relevant to gymnastic equipment. These are as follows: a) crushing b) shearing: ©) cutting and severing; d) entanglement and trapping; e) impact; )__ stabbing or puncture; 9) friction and abrasion; h) insufficient mechanical strength; i) use of unsuitable material; ji) unintended movement, including sliding; k) unsuitable ergonomic design; I) fire: m) wrong or missing information. 5 General safety requirements 5.1 Surface finish There shall be no protruding nails, projecting wire rope terminations or pointed or sharp-edged components. Rough surfaces should not present any risk of injury. All welds shall be smooth. Protruding bolt threads within any accessible part of the equipment shall be permanently covered, e.g. dome headed nuts. Nuts and bolt heads that project less than 8 mm are permitted in non accessible parts, provided they are free from burrs. Corners, edges and projecting parts within the space occupied by the user that protrude more than 8 mm, and which are not shielded by adjacent areas that are not more than 25 mm from the end of the projecting part, shall be rounded off. The minimum radius of the curve shall be 3 mm. Figure 1 shows examples of protection for nuts and bolts and permissible protruding parts. Figure 2 shows examples of non-permissible protruding parts. NOTE This requirement is intended only to prevent injuries caused by unintended contact with components,EN 913:2008 (E) Dimensions in millimetres a) Examples of protection for nuts and bolts bt _ oA 7 <6 b) Examples of permissible protruding parts Figure 1 — Examples of permissible parts Dimensions in milimetres a) Uncovered protruding exterior screw thread 4 ) Unprotected, overhanging sharp-edged (hard) equipment part Figure 2 — Examples of non-permissible protruding partsEN 913:2008 (E) 5.2. Entrapment 5.2.1. Gaps and shearing/crushing points When in use — there shall be no openings, gaps andior shearing/crushing points that can create a danger of head and neck or finger entrapment and — where components of equipment are able to move relative to each other or to the floor, either by design or through deflection or bending under load, no entrapment point shall be created by such movement. These requirements shall be assessed by carrying out a visual inspection and measurement using the meth- ods specified in Annex A. No danger of head and neck entrapment is considered to exist where the lowest part of the circumference of an opening is less than 600 mm above floor level. Where an item of equipment may be used at different heights or in different orientations, all possible heights and orientations must be considered, These requirements also apply to all parts used during adjustment and transportation of equipment. 5.2.2. Unintentional dropping Where a transport system is used, it shall not be possible for the equipment to drop when loaded at one end with a minimum weight of 750 N. When a transport system encounters a threshold the mechanism shall not be able to disengage or drop unin- tentionally 5.3. Stability and strength 5.3.1 General Unless specified elsewhere in individual equipment standards, verification of the stability and strength of equipment shall be achieved by engineering calculation or by testing in accordance with the procedures speci- fied in Annex B. 5.3.2 Stability For stability testing where the normal action produces a destabilising force in a horizontal direction, e.g. vault ing, the theoretical horizontal test force shall be calculated using the formula given in B.1.7. The calculation shall give a result which is 2 35 % of the self weight of the equipment or 50 N, whichever is the greater. Unless specified elsewhere in individual equipment standards, for equipment with unfixed body sections an actual test shalll be carried out with a theoretical horizontal test force of 65 % of the theoretical test force calcu- lated according to the formula given in B.1.7, or 50 N, whichever is the greater. Unfixed body sections shall not become separated. 5.3.3 Strength When tested in accordance with Annex B, equipment shall not collapse or fracture, or show any permanent deformation that would result in an additional safety hazard as described in the standard. 5.4 Adjustment devices Any adjustment devices shall prevent accidental changes during use of the device or the equipment.EN 913:2008 (E) None of the operating levers shall protrude into the user's free space. This shall be assessed by carrying out a visual inspection and operation of the adjustment device, 5.5 Shock absorption of top padding When tested in accordance with the method specified in Annex C, the peak acceleration shall not exceed 500 mis*, if not specified in other, individual equipment standards. 6 Marking ‘All gymnastic equipment shall bear the following marking: 8) number of the relevant European Standard; b) name, trademark or other means of identification of the manufacturer, retailer or importer; ©) _ year of manufacture; d) number of users for which the equipment is intended.EN 913:2008 (E) Annex A (normative) Determination of entrapment 1 Principle Test probes of specified dimensions are offered to potential entrapment points and a note is made of whether or not they can be inserted. In situations of doubt when using the probes relating to the tolerance an accurate measurement should be made to ensure the opening is in accordance with the nominal dimension. All tests shall be performed in the most onerous way. A2 Apparatus Test probes of dimensions as described in Figures A.1 and A.2. A3 Conditio g and test temperature Condition the equipment and test probes for a minimum of 3 h at the test temperature of (23 + 2) °C. A4 Procedure 4.1 Head and neck entrapment A411 General The probe shall be applied with its longitudinal axis perpendicular to the plane of the opening. No rotation of the probe about any axis other than the longitudinal axis is permitted. Translations perpendicular to the longi- tudinal axis of the probe are allowed. The longitudinal axis of the probe is considered to coincide with the longest axis of the probe's handle. A412 Procedure A41.24 General Try to insert the cone shaped probe (see Figure A.1) into the opening. If the probe can enter the opening (opening 2 110 mm) it shall also pass the opening with its largest dimension (230 mm). 4.1.2.2 Partially bound openings Try to insert the cone shaped probe (see Figure A.1) into the opening. The probe shall not become stuck. If the probe can enter the opening it shalll touch the bottom of the opening (see Figures A3 and A.4),EN 913:2008 (E) A4.1.2.3 V-shaped openings Try to insert the cone shaped probe (see Figure A.1) into the opening along the direction of its median line. The probe shall not become stuck. If the probe can enter the opening it shall touch the bottom of the opening (see Figures A3 and A.4). A.42 Finger entrapment Try to insert the 8 mm diameter finger rod (see Figure A.2) into each relevant opening and, if the rod does not ass through, rotate it as illustrated in Figure A.5. Record and report if the rod enters the opening and if it locks in any position when moved through the conical are shown in Figure A.5, If the 8 mm diameter finger rod passes through the opening, apply the 25mm diameter finger rod (see Figure A.2). Record and report if the 25 mm diameter finger rod passes through the opening and, if it does, whether ac- cess is then given to another finger entrapment site. No opening which presents a risk of finger entrapment is permissible. An opening is considered to present a risk of finger entrapment if —_itcan accommodate the 8 mm probe but not the 25 mm probe or — its profile is such that the 8 mm probe can become locked in position or — 25mm probe cannot be inserted a full 100 mm into the opening and the opening gives access to another entrapment site A5 Expression of results Report all findings recorded under procedures A.4.1and A.4.2. ‘Assess and report whether each opening assessed complied with the requirements of this European Standard, Dimensions in milimetres [00 2] 30 21 Key 1 Handle Figure A.1 — Cone shaped probe 40EN 913:2008 (E) Dimensions in millimetres 100 b) Key SR. speherical radius Figure A.2— Finger rods Y YL. Fail Figure A.3 — Example of procedures A.4.1.2.2 and A.4.1.2.3 "EN 913:2008 (E) a) Fail b) Pass Figure A.4 — Example of procedures A.4.1.2.2 and A.4.1.2.3 Figure A.5 — Example of procedure A.4.2 12EN 913:2008 (E) Annex B (normative) Mechanical loading for determination of stability and strength B.1 General loading specifications This test procedure does not cover fatigue by repeated loading, B.1.1 Principle A test force is determined by combining a body load, a static load and a variable load and applying appro- priate dynamic and safety factors. Feem-a-Cy-S+F, +L, (61) where F,__ test force to be applied, in Newtons: my body mass, in kilograms; @ acceleration, in mis’, NOTE 1 — For vertical forces « 81 mis*. For theoretical horizontal test forces, ais given in Table B.2. Cg dynamic factor (see Table B.2); S safety factor (see B.1.4); Fs static load, in Newtons; Ly variable load, in Newtons. NOTE 2 This allows for snow or wind effects, etc. In most practical cases the static load, 's, is naturally present and does not have to be included. For gymnastics and sports equipment it is extremely unlikely that a variable load will have to be considered and L, will therefore be zero. B.1.2 Static load The static load, where required to be included in the calculation of the test load, shall include the maximum, added weights to be used with the equipment. B.1.3 Body mass The human body mass to be used is based on the 95" percentile of the distribution of body masses expected to be encountered. 13EN 913:2008 (E) For use by adults or by adults and children this shall be taken as 94 kg. For use by children up to the age of 14 only it shall be taken as 70 kg ‘Where the equipment can reasonably be expected to be used by more than one person at the same time the total body mass shall be taken from Table B.1 which makes allowances for the probability of different body weights being present. The distribution of the loading by the total body mass shall be as intended in use of the apparatus, e.g. evenly distributed or equally distributed at set stations. Where more than ane loading position can reasonably be ex- pected the worst case loading position shall be assumed. For stability testing where the normal action produces a stabilising as well as a destabilising force, e.g. vault- ing, this shall be accounted for either by the angle of application of the force or by applying an additional static load, Table B.1 — Body mass for multiple use mass kg number of users adult children 1 94 70 2 180 130 3 263 189 5 429 304 10 833 588 B.1.4 Dynamic factor and horizontal acceleration Preferably, the dynamic factor should be determined from the average of factors measured experimentally in tests with a typical range of persons carrying out the movernent in question. In the absence of such data the factors given in Table B.2 shall be assumed. Table 8.2 — Dynamic factors action dmamic factor | hevzontal acpeleration bar and exercise 25 20 vertical jumping 25 — jump and grasp 25 = squat vault with run-up 25 10 B.1.5 Safety factor For the purposes of this standard the safety factor shall be taken as 1,2 unless the product standard specifies, a higher figure for high risk equipment. 14EN 913:2008 (E) B.1.6 Variable loads In particular cases where additional loads can be encountered they shall be included in the determination of total loading. Snow, wind and temperature loads, if applicable, shall be taken from EN 1991-1-1, EN 1991-1-3, and EN 1991-1-4 and EN 1991-1-5, allowing for a reference period of 10 years. 8.1.7 Theoretical horizontal test force Unless specified elsewhere in individual equipment standards, for stability testing the theoretical horizontal test force for stability testing shall be calculated as follows: mp+g-44 hy, F (B.2) where theoretical test force, in Newtons; mg_mass of equipment, in kg; g acceleration due to gravity 9,81 ms; width of the base in contact with the ground in the direction of the theoretical test force (see Figure B.1); ig maximum height of the equipment. o;0/0/0)0 O;d;0;0)0 E\ Figure B.1 — Examples of correct definitions of height and width of the base 15EN 913:2008 (E) B.1.8 Number of users on the equipment ‘The number of users is the maximum number for which the equipment is stated to be suitable by the manu- facturer. B.2 Apparatus B.2.1 Means of applying the specified force without shock, with an accuracy of + 2 %. B.2.2 Loading pad or strap to apply the load over the area specified in B.3.2. B.2.3 Means of measuring deflection with an accuracy of + 1 mm. B.2.4 Timer accurate to + 1's, B.3 Procedure B.3.1 General The basic procedure for loading tests is given in B.3.4, It can be used for determining stability, strength or re- sidual deformation. Unless otherwise specified in the product specification the load shall be applied over the area andior the time given below. The level of loading, the direction of loading and the parameters to be measured shall be as given in the product specification, B.3.2 Loading area Plane surfaces: Rigid plate (100 + 1 by 100+ 1) mm, Bars: Strap (100 + 1) mm wide B.3.3 Loading time Apply the load for (65 # 5) s Measure residual deflection (45 + 15) s after removal of the load. B.3.4 Test procedure Position and fix the equipment as for normal use or as given in the product specification. To avoid sliding dur- ing stabilty test, equipment with unfixed body segments shall be blocked on the floor by an appropriate block with a height of 20 mm. If deflection is required, measure the position of the loaded component from any convenient datum point. ‘Apply the force at the position and in the direction specified for the time given in B.3.3. Note any tilting or fracture or measure the deflection as required For equipment with unfixed body segments no tilting of individual sections is permissible. Remove the load. After the time given in B.3.3 note any damage or measure the residual deflection as re- quired, 16EN 913:2008 (E) B.4 Expression of results Express the level of stability by whether tilting has occurred. Express the strength by whether fracture or other damage has occurred. Express the residual deflection by the deflection remaining, in millimetres. 7EN 913:2008 (E) Annex C (normative) Determination of shock absorption of padding C.1 Principle A striker is dropped on to the surface and the deceleration during the impact is monitored. C.2 Apparatus €.2.1 Metal indenter conforming to the essential dimensions shown in Figure C.1 and of mass (8 + 0,1) kg. €.2.2 Means of releasing the striker to allow the indenter to fall smoothly and vertically ©.2.3 Accelerometer rigidly mounted on the axis of the indenter as shown in Figure C.1. €.2.4 Instrumentation to record, display and process the accelerometer signals having a channel frequency class, including the accelerometer, of 1 000 Hz in accordance with ISO 6487 and sampling frequency of not less than 10 kHz, C.3 Test piece ‘A piece of protective padding, with its covering if relevant, of minimum length 500 mm and minimum width 500 mm laid on a smooth, solid concrete floor. Alternatively, where feasible, the padding can be tested as at- tached to the equipment in service. C.4 Conditioning and test temperature Condition the test piece for a minimum of 3 h at the test temperature of (23 + 2) °C. C.5 Procedure Raise the indenter to the required height and lock into position. Release the indenter and allow it to fall vertically onto the test piece. Record the signal from the accelerometer throughout the impact. Display the recorded signal and examine the trace to ensure that it contains no spurious peaks, etc. Process the data to obtain the peak deceleration during the impact, x. Carry out five tests at the same location at intervals of between 1 min and 3 min, 18EN 913:2008 (E) C.6 Expression of results Express the measure of shock absorbency as the mean value of peak acceleration values from the last three impacts Dimensions in millimetres I I I L 6——_-____f | ft. Key 1 accelerometer 2 space for mounting the accelerometer Figure C.1 — Indenter with an example of the accelerometer location 19