During research, translation requires a thorough comprehension of both grammar and

culture. Translators must understand both the norms of a language and the customs of its
speakers. Confusion and irritation are common sensations among even the most seasoned
experts.

These are the common issues in translation research

Language Structure Translation

Every language has its own set of laws and is contained within a specific structure. The
difficulty of translation is directly proportional to the framework's complexity and singularity.

In English, a simple sentence consists of a subject, verb, and object.

For example

She eats pizza.

However, not every language has the same structure. In Farsi, the subject comes first,
then the object, and finally the verb. In Arabic, subject pronouns are literally incorporated into
the verb. As a result, translators are frequently needed to add, remove, or rearrange source words
in order to communicate effectively in the target language.

Translating Idioms and Expressions

The second major issue in research is the translation of idioms. Idiomatic terms use
unique instances or figures of speech to illustrate something. Most significantly, the literal
definitions of the terms it contains cannot forecast the meaning of these strange statements.

The most difficult items to translate, according to many linguists, are idioms. In fact,
idioms are frequently identified as a challenge that machine translation engines would never be
able to fully overcome.

Translating Compound Words

 During translation research we frequently face the challenge of translating compound
words. Compound words are created by combining two or more words; however the overall
meaning of the compound word may differ from that of its constituent terms. It's typically easier
to think of them as three distinct groupings.

The first group of compound words all means the same thing. The terms "airport,"
"crosswalk," and "seashore" are all well-known. In a literal sense, the second category of
compound words only means half of what they say. While a "bookworm" may enjoy getting lost
in a good narrative, they do not transform into an invertebrate species in the process.

Two-Word Verbs

When a verb and a preposition are used together, they might have several meanings. In
colloquial English, two-word verbs are prevalent.

Examples include "look up," "close up," "fill out," "shut up," "bring up," "break down,"
and "break in."

However, in many circumstances, translating the preposition separately is neither

necessary nor suitable.

Conclusion

There are many issues in translation research. On the one hand the major problem in
translation is the cultural bound words on the other hand every language has its own structure of
language.