CHAPTER 3

PROPOSED SYSTEM

The WCEB is a special type of EV. A number of existing EV charging scheduling

studies can be divided into: off-line schemes and on-line ones. In the former, the precise
or statistical information of uncertainly factors are known for the controller in advance,
such as: EV moving model, duration of stay in charging stations, SoC distribution of
battery. The scheduling schemes are determined at the beginning of the operation slot.
The accuracy of moving/charging models affects the optimal solutions directly. In the
latter, the controller obtains limited or none knowledge of the operation variables. Just
the past and current real-time data are collected via vehicular ad hoc net- works
(VANETs). The Q-learning or Lyapunov optimization algorithms are used to calculate
the optimal solutions.

a real-time coordinated plug-in EV (PEV) charging scheme is proposed, while the

system stability is considered. Considering the PEV moving, an on-line joint spatial and
temporal charging/discharging coordinated strategy is proposed in. Based on the
uncertainty of charging demand, an on-line EV charging scheme is proposed to minimize
the peak energy consumption. In, with the help of prediction units, a real-time PEV
charging scheme is proposed to maximize the driver’s satisfaction, while the PEV system
operating electricity cost is minimized. However, the WCEV systems are different from
the EV ones. The WCEVs obtain energy in-motion, the durations of stay in parking lots
can be shorted to zero and the battery sizes are reduced. Novel and efficient charging
scheduling schemes are needed.

The objectives of the proposed optimal charging scheduling schemes include

improving the available energy efficiency and minimizing the system operating cost.
Such charging schemes belong to the demand side management (DSM) of the smart grid,
which has received much attention in both the residential smart grid and the EV charging.
The users can shift the energy consumptions to off-peak hours, to reduce the PAR ratio of
the aggregator. Our work focus on the design of the charging scheduling schemes in the
WCEB based PTS, with the considerations of both the moving of WCEBs and the
characteristics of WPT.

3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM

LCD Display

 
 
Electric Bus
   
CHARGING
CIRCUIT Arduino
Uno
 
Power Supply

Voltage
Sensor  
BATTERY
60 Turns
Winding

60 Turns    
Winding CHARGING POWER
CIRCUIT SUPPLY

3.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION

In this method used Arduino microcontroller for controlling the whole process of
this system. And a Wi-Fi module is used for controlling the Robot wirelessly. In this
power transfer system consists of Arduino microcontroller, LCD-display, power supply
unit, voltage sensor, charging circuit, Mobile and windings. Components are interfaced
with Arduino microcontroller. Arduino microcontrollers are widely used for industrial
purpose due to its high performance ability at low power consumption. It is also very
famous due to moderate cost and easy availability of its supporting software and
hardware tools like compilers, simulators, debuggers.

3.3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

3.4 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM EXPLANATION

The first part of the proposed system is wireless power transfer which contains
windings and charging circuit. The second part of the proposed wireless power transfer
system design was the choosing of a suitable micro-controller. The requirements for the
micro-controller are Arduino. Arduino is a readymade and open source evaluation Kit
based on an 8-bit Atmel microcontroller. Arduino Microcontroller is the core of hardware
interface module, which is Wi-Fi for exchanging data between controller from one side,
and mobile from the other side. Vcc pin is connected to the 5V and GND pin is connected
to ground. In the above circuit LCD is used to indicate the status of electrical loads. Here
LCD is interfaced to the Arduino microcontroller in 4 bit mode. If components are
directly connected to hardware interface module, an isolating interface is needed to
protect Arduino from interference.