Pearson Edexcel Mark Scheme (Results) October 2019 Pearson Edexcel International Advanced Level In Chemistry (WCH12) Paper 01 Energetics, Group Chemistry, Halogenoalkanes and Alcohols Scanned with CamScannerEdexcel and BTEC Qualifications Edexcel and BTEC qualifications are awarded by Pearson, the UK's largest awarding body. We provide a wide range of qualifications including academic, vocational, occupational and specific programmes for employers. For further information visit our qualifications websites at www.edexcel.com or wow. btec.co.uk. Alternatively, you can get in touch with us using the details on our contact us page at wonenvedexcel.cam/contactus. Pearson: helping people progress, everywhere Pearson aspires to be the world's leading learning company. Our aim is to help everyone progress in their lives through education. We believe in every kind of learning, for all kinds of people, wherever they are in the world. We've been involved in education for over 150 years, and by working across 70 countries, in 100 languages, we have built an international reputation for our commitment to high standards and raising achievement through innovation in education. Find out more about how we can help you and your students at: www.pearson.com/uk October 2019 Publications Code WCH12_01_1910_MS All the material in this publication is copyright, © Pearson Education Ltd 2019 Scanned with CamScannerGeneral Marking Guidance + All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last. ‘+ Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions. + Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to their perception of where the grade boundaries may lie, ‘* There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should be used appropriately. + All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded, Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, ie. if the answer matches the mark scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if the candidate's response is not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme. ‘+ Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be limited. + When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark scheme to a candidate's response, the team leader must be consulted. ‘+ Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it with an alternative response. Scanned with CamScannerUsing the Mark Scheme Examiners should look for qualities to reward rather than faults to penalise. This does NOT mean giving credit for incorrect or inadequate answers, but it does mean allowing candidates to be rewarded for answers showing correct application of principles and knowledge. Examiners should therefore read carefully and consider every response: even ifit is not what is expected it may be worthy of credit, The mark scheme gives examiners: ‘+ an idea of the types of response expected «how individual marks are to be awarded ‘the total mark for each question ‘« examples of responses that should NOT receive credit. / means that the responses are alternatives and either answer should receive full credit. () means that a phrase/word is not essential for the award of the mark, but helps the examiner to get the sense of the expected answer. Phrases/words in bold indicate that the meaning of the phrase or the actual word is essential to the answer. ecf/TE/eq (error carried forward) means that a wrong answer given in an earlier part of a question is used correctly in answer to a later part of the same question. Candidates must make their meaning clear to the examiner to gain the mark. Make sure that the answer makes sense. Do not give credit for correct words/phrases which are put together in a meaningless manner. Answers must be in the correct context. Quality of Written Communication Questions which involve the writing of continuous prose will expect candidates to: ‘+ write legibly, with accurate use of spelling, grammar and punctuation in order to make the ‘meaning clear ‘+ select and use a form and style of writing appropriate to purpose and to complex subject matter ‘+ organise information clearly and coherently, using specialist vocabulary when appropriate. Full marks will be awarded if the candidate has demonstrated the above abilities. Questions where QW is likely to be particularly important are indicated (QWC) in the mark scheme, but this does not preclude others. Scanned with CamScannerSection A ‘Question | Answer Mark Number 1 The only correct answer is €(1.20) ‘Ais incorrect becouse tis the volume of 1 mol Bs incorrect becouse this is a factor of 10 out Dis incorrect because the inverse ofthe numberof mols of thium corbonate has been divided by 24.0 ‘Question | Answer Mark Number 2 The only correct answer is C2) As incorrect becouse different sotopes of chorine have been ignored Bs incorrect hecouse diferent isotope combinations of chlorine have not been considered Dis incorrect because 35CV/37C) and 37C/35C give the same peak o ‘Question | Answer Mark Number 3 The only correct answer isD (4 (carbon monoxide) =-110.5kj mol) ‘As incorrect becouse there ore 2 mol of carbon inthe equation and combustion is incomplete 8 incorrect becouse there ore 2 mo of carbon mena inthe equation is incorrect becouse the combustion is incomplete o Scanned with CamScanner‘Question | Answer Mark Number 4 The only correct answer is D (London forces) Alsincorret becouse covolent bonds are benween atoms not malecules Bis incorrect because there are no hydrogen bonds as electronegatviyof iodine is low Cis incorrect becouse there areno ions present 0 ‘Question | Answer Mark Number sta) The only correct answer is C (Reaction 3) Als incorrect becouse different species are oxidised and reduced Bis incorrect becouse diferent spectes ore oxidised and reduced Disincorrect because there is no change in oxidation state o ‘Question | Answer Mark Number tb) The only correct answer is D (Reaction 4) ‘Als incorrect becouse nether reactants acting as an acid or base Bis incorrect becouse thsi 0 redox reaction Cisincorrect because neither reactant is acting as an acd or base and it fa redox reaction o Scanned with CamScanner‘Question | Answer Mark Number 6 The only correct answer is C (barium sulfate sles Soluble in water than magnesium sulfate) Alsincorret becouse carbonate thermal stability increases down Group 2 Bs incorrect becouse hydroxide solubility Increases down Group 2 Dis incorrect becouse barium is more reactive than magnesium with water o ‘Question | Answer Mark Number 7 The only correct answer is C (chloride ions are stronger reducing agents than bromide ions) ‘Ais incorrect becouse chlorine ls more electronegative than bromine B isincorrect becouse chlorine s more reactive thon bromine is incorrect because chloride lons are stronger reducing agents than fluoride ions o ‘Question | Answer Mark Number 8 The only correct answer is A(Srr.) Bs incorrect becouse sodium produces a yellow flame test Cisincorrect becouse although the flame test would be red the siver halide ppt would be white D isincarrect becouse the flame test would be green and the sver halide ppt would be yellow and insoluble in concentrated ammonia o Scanned with CamScanner‘Question | Answer Mark Number ta) The only correct answer is 8 (0.50) Alsincorrect becouse 0,050 5 the number of moles produced Cisincorrect becouse the solution concentration i assumed tobe the some as the alkali Dis incorrect becouse the solution concentration is assumed to be equal to that ofthe acid o ‘Question | Answer Mark Number tb) The only correct answer is B (= 0.20%) ‘Ais incorrect becouse both solutions have been considered Cisincorrect becouse the uncertainty has not been doubled Dis incorrect because the volume measured hos been ignored o ‘Question | Answer Mark Number 10 The only correct answer is A NaCl and NaCiO) Bis incorrect becouse both produets are the result of exidation (Cis incarrect because the reaction isnot heated and the solution is nat concentrated Dis incorrect becouse both product ae the result of oxidation o Scanned with CamScanner‘Question | Answer Mark Number " The only correct answer is D (S0:) Ais incorrect because H:S 5.0 product Bis incorrect becouse lis a product Cis incorrect because $ isa product o ‘Question | Answer Mark Number 2 The only correct answer is 8 (decreasing the concentration of the hydrochloric acid) ‘Ais incorrect becouse an increase in reactant concentration would reduce the time taken Cs incorrect becouse raising the temperature would reduce the time token Dis incorrect because odding a catalyst would reduce the time taken 7 ‘Question [Answer Mark Number Bla) | The only correct answer Is A (increase rate, decrease yield) 2s incorrect because an increase in temperature would increase the rate Cis incorrect becouse the equilbrium would moveto the left, Le. endothermic direction Dis incorrect becouse an increase in temperature would increase the rate and the equilibrium would move tothe left. endothermic direction o Scanned with CamScanner‘Question | Answer Mark Number 13(6) | The only correct answer is € (crease rat, increase yield) ‘Ais incorrect because an increase in pressure would increase the yield {Bis incorrect because an increase in pressure would increase the rate and yield is incorrect because an increase in pressure would increase the rate o ‘Question | Answer Mark Number 4 The only correct answer is B (2-chloro-2-methyipropane) ‘As incorrect because a primary aleohol would be formed wich would be oxialsed isincorrect because o primary alcoho! would be formed which would be oxidised is incorrect because o secondary okohol would be formed which would be oxidised o ‘Question [Answer Mark Number 15(a) | The only correct answer fs B (oxidising propan-1-alt propanal) ‘Ais incorrect becouse reducing an alcohal would produce an alkane (is incarrect because reducing propancl would produce propan-t-ob is incorrect becouse oxidising propan1-ol would produce propanal or propanoic acid o Scanned with CamScanner‘Question [Answer Mark Number 15(b) ‘The only correct answer is A (propan-1-l) Bis incorrect becouse propan-2-0l would not be expected to form a °CH:OH fragment is incorrect because propanol would not be expected to form a °CH.:OH fragment Dis incorrect becouse propanone would not be expected to form a °CH.OH fragment o Question | Answer Mark Number 15(c) The only correct answer is C(propanal) Alsincorrect becouse propon-1-0 would have a broad absorption at 3750-3200.cm’ due to -OH 1 is incorrect becouse propon-2-01 would have @ broad absorption at 3750-3200 em" due to -OH Disincorrect because the absorption due to C=O in propanone would be at 1720-1700 car” and CH stretching vibrations at 2775-2700 cnn would be absent o (otal for Section A= 20 marks) Scanned with CamScanner‘Answer ‘Additional Guidance ‘+ correct balanced equation Example of equation: ca +2H:0 > Ca(OH: + He o for multiples Allow Ca+H:0 >Ca0+Hs Ignore state symbols even ifincorrect ‘Question ‘Answer ‘Additional Guidance ‘Mark Number 16{6) | An explanation that makes reference tothe following, @ points: ‘+ concentration of hydroxide ions greater o ‘+ calcium hydroxide is more soluble than o ‘magnesium hydroxide Allow ‘more hydroxide fons are in solution Allow the solubility ofthe hydroxidesincreases sing down Group 2 reverse argument Scanned with CamScannerQuestion “Answer ‘Additional Guidance ‘Wark Number r6tex) Example of equation: o ‘+ correct ionic equation cox +2H' > CO: +0 Ignore state symbols even ifincorrect Do not award H.COs/H" + HCOS- as final products Question “Answer ‘Additional Guidance ‘Mark Number rete) Example of equation: @ ‘+ correct balanced equation o COxg) + CalOHb{aq) > CaCOss) + H:04) + state symbols o M2 depends on M1 ‘Allow equation near miss eg (Ca(OH): +C02-->CacO: +H:0 ‘or all correct species being present Scanned with CamScannerQuestion “Answer ‘Additional Guidance ‘Wark Number 164d) Example of calculation i) ‘+ calculation ofthe amount of Mg(OH): (1 | Amount of Mg(OH): = 0.150 +2 .075 (mol) ‘+ calculation of M, MgiOH: (1) | Me mgioHn, 83 ‘+ calculation of mass Mg(OH): and answer given Mass of MgiOH), =0.075 x58.3 to20r3SF 0 3725(@) 41437 \8) Allowif Mg= 24 then M.= 58 and mass =4.4/ 4:35 Correct answer to2 oF 3SF with no working scores (2) (Total for Question 16 = 9 marks) Scanned with CamScanner‘Question ‘Answer ‘Additional Guidance ‘Wark Number ani) + @hmethy|propan-t-ol and primary (1 | All6 correct scores 3 ® Sor correct scores 2 + butan-20l and secondary (1) | 20r3 correct scores 1 . OH and tertiary (@) | Ignore bond lengths and bond angles Do not award displayed formula Scanned with CamScanner‘Question ‘Answer ‘Additional Guidance ‘Wark Number ‘T7ayil) | An explanation that makes reference to the following ‘Accept reverse argument @ points: + dentication of (at least)one of the o Intermolecular forces and 3 comparicon of ts strength inthe two molecules ‘+ an explanation for this ifference 0 (outan-1-olhas a higher boiling temperature than 2-methylpropan: because) the instantaneous dipoles-induced dipoles / London forces! dispersion forces /van der Waals forces are stronger between straight chains Allow ‘There are move London forces oR the hydrogen bonding is stronger ‘between straight chain molecules the straight chain molecule’ butan-t-ol hhas greater surface area / more points of contact oR 25 the -OH group is more exposed / less hindered (so less energy is needed to ‘break the intermolecular forces) If the explanation isin terms of London forces, ignare hydrogen bonding is similar / same’ Ignore ‘references to"longe carbon chain® Do not award ‘ny reference to longer carbon bbonds/breaking covalent bonds Scanned with CamScannerQuestion “Answer ‘Additional Guidance ‘Mark Number mani, Example of diagrams: @ o-H-0 bond O-H-0 must be shown as approximately) linear and angle labelled a: 120° o o on Do nat penalise omission of lane pair on the ‘oxygen or errorsin the carbon chain €9. mising He Donat award hydrogen bond shown as a solid ine (M1) H—O-H bond shown as 180° (M2) Incorrect -OH attachment to chain (M2) ignore bond lengths Scanned with CamScanner‘Question “Answer ‘Additional Guidance ‘Mark Number 7b} o + balanced equation + SH-O-H ‘Question ‘Answer ‘Additional Guidance ‘Mark Number 7b Here, and throughout the paper do nat penalise mol for mot” ‘+ calculation or working of energy needed to (1) | Energy to break all bonds: break bonds (e347) + (94413) + 358 + 464 + (6x498) = 8568 (kj mot") 0 ‘+ calculation or working of energy released Energy released when all bonds made: When bonds are made (10x64) + (2805) o + calculation of energy change and give a sign 11080 + 8568 = -2512 (Kl mot") Do not award incorrect units TE on incorrect balancing of equation and TE at each stage of calculation Ignore SF except 1SF Correct answer no working scores (3) Comment Common erroris the use of 65x 498 forgets about the alcohol oxygen), This gives ~2263 4] |) ‘mot scores 2. Scanned with CamScannerQuestion “Answer ‘Additonal Guidance Wark Number THyii._| An answer that makes reference to the folowing points @ ‘© mean bond enthalpies do not refer to specific ‘compounds such as butan-1-ol’ mean bond enthalpies _| Ignore just ‘mean bond enthalpies are an ‘ate averages/mean for different moleculesfbonds in average’ diferent envronments/compounds o ‘© butan-t.ol aliquid and bond enthalpies refer to gases Ignore oR references to standard concitions ‘mean bond enthalpy calculations do not include Just‘aifferent states" changes of state o Question ‘Answer ‘Additional Guidance Mark Number eK) ‘Example of calculations! @ calculation of energy produced per gram (1) caleulation of energy produced per cm® (1) calculation of moles in 1 em? o caleulaton of energy produced perem? (1) (2670-74 (986.081/36.1 136g") 361 x0.81= 29.225/29.2/ 29, M dr?) 0.81 174 = 0.010946 (moles) 0.010946 x 12670 = 29,226/29.2 / 29 (My dm) Units, if given, must be correct in My din Correct answer with no working scores (2) Ignore sgn and SF except 1SF Scanned with CamScannerQuestion “Answer ‘Additional Guidance ‘Mark Number THEN) _| An answer that makes reference tothe folowing @ points Igoe + blobutanot has a longer hydrocarbon / alkane chain’ | {ences to polarity, non-polar parts more electrons than bioethanol (1) Allow + so more/stronger London forces / dispersion forces | Landon forces in biobutanol and petrol ace 1 Van der Waals forces between biobutanal and similar petrol than bioethanol and petrol) (1) Da not award just“biobutanal has stronger London forces than bioethanol (Total for Question + Scanned with CamScanner‘Question ‘Answer ‘Additional Guidance ‘Mark Number 1B(aKi) @ the arrow pointing tothe C=C bondis incorrect and _| Ignore references to lone pairs of electrons. the arrow should be pointing away from the bond oh the partial charge on che Cin the intermediate is Ekher/both marks could be scored by incorrect and i should be a full positive charge ‘annotations to the mechanism or using m structures in the answer spaces ‘Question ‘Answer ‘Additional Guidance ‘Marke Number balanced equation GH + G > GHC + ACL @ o calculation of mass of chloroethene and total mass of reactants / products o caleulation of atom economy (1) Ignore state symbols (even if incorrect) ‘Mass ofchloroethene = 62.5 “Total mass of reactants / products = 99 atom economy = 62.5 x 100 Teon incorrect equation providing the product s chloroethene Incorrect molecular masses ‘no TE on incorrect atom economy expression Ino other mark s scared correct expression for atom economy scores 1 Ignore SF except 1S Correct answer with no working scores MB. Scanned with CamScannerQuestion “Answer ‘Additional Guidance | Wark Number 7B(b) | An answer that makes reference to the following points @ + Atom economy (af process Ais < 100% but)in process Bit is 100% (1) | Allow no other product +n process A HCI) is produced which istoxie / corrosive Accept reverse or arguments eg, Adoes catalyst for process 8 / Mercury /Mercury(l) chloride is highly toxic (1). | not require atoxie catalyst M2- Allow both formed in process 8 Ignore just process 8 hhas a higher stom ‘economy than A” processes use non- renewable starting material Do not award zone depletion Ignore references to energy involved in ether process/ greenhouse gases acid rain Scanned with CamScanner‘Question | Answer ‘Additional Guidance Mark Number "*18(c)__ | This question assesses a candidates ability to show a coherentand |The mark for indicative content should be | (6) logically structured answer with linkages and fully sustained reasoning, ‘Marks are awarded for indicative content and for how the answer's structured and shows lines of reasoning. The following table shows how the marks should be awarded for indicate content Number of incicative ‘marking points Number of marks awarded for indicate seen in answer_| marking points 6 4 4 3 32 2 1 1 ° o Number af marks ‘awarded for structure of answer and sustained line of reasoning “newer shows a coherent and logical structure with linkages and fully sustained lines of reasoning, demonstrated throughout. “Answer is partially structured with some linkages and lines of reasoning “Answer has no linkages between points and ie unstructured, ‘added to the mark for lines of reasoning, Ingeneral it would be expected that or § indicative points would score 2 reasoning marks, and 3 or 4 indicative points would score 1 reasoning mark. A total of 2,1 or 0. indicative points would score 0 marks for reasoning. Reasoning marks may be subtracted for ‘extra incorrect chemistry. If there is any incorrect Chemistry, deduct mark(s) from the reasoning. If 10 reasoning mark(s) awarded, donot deduct marks, Scanned with CamScannerer “Answer ‘Adaltional Guidance Mark sae Indicative content ‘The following table shows how the marks should be awarded for structure and lines of reasoning, Indicative content + axes labelled correctly ‘+ shape of two curves at two different emperatures ‘+ activation energy with and without a catalyst shown 1+ molecules with E>6/ can react/ collisions are succesful ‘+ increasing temperature (increases energy ofall molecules so) increases molecules /colsions with E>E/E=E (50 rate Increases) ‘+ adding a catalyst (provides an alternative pathway which) lowers E, so more molecules /clisions have F>E,IE-E, ‘Vertical axis labelled fraction / proportion / percentage / number of molecules, Horizontal axis labelled £/ energy Both curves start at O and be asymptotic to the horizontal axis. The higher temperature curve musthave a lower ‘maximum and be moved to the right Do not award asymptotes which are higher than 308 of thelr peak height iy [/\s /X i \ [Al the information may be shown on one axis grid and the two afferent temperatures can be implied unless © (Total for Question 18= 13 marks) (TOTAL FOR SECTION B = 39 MARKS) Scanned with CamScannerQuestion ‘Answer ‘Adaltional Guidance Wark Number 19(aKi) @ s fo oso ‘Allow al dos or all crosses Unbonded electron pairs may be at any position an circles or just inside the circles ‘Allow either ofthe diagrams above Ignore lines for covalent bonds 1+ Atleast one double bond correct o Lot stig alan w Bonding electrons may be in the intersection space or on the lines bounding this space Question “Answer Faditional Guidane Wark Number 39(axli) | bond angle 120" ‘Allow 117° t0 123" o Scanned with CamScannerQuestion ‘Answer ‘Additional Guidance ark Number 19K) ++ two concordant tres had already been obtained Allow Just‘titres are concordant! o “The last nwo) ures ave within 0.2/0.1 em? only 10cm? solution left so impossible to pipette a further sample or wtte ‘oniya limited/small amount of solution remains Do nat award ‘Three titres are concordant ‘The (ast two) ttres are within 40.2/40.1 em? Question ‘Answer ‘Adaitional Guidance Wark Number 39¢b) Example of calculation’ @ ‘+ calculation of moles NaOH in mean tre «1 | 2110/1000 x 0.005 = 1.055x10*/ 0.001085 (mol) ‘+ moles sulfuric acid in 10 cm? sample (1/2 moles 5.275I5.28 x 10° 0:00005275 (mol) NaOH) o “+ moles sulfuric acid in 40 em? 2.41 104/0,000211 (mot) (previous answer 4) (1) | Ignore SF except 1 SF Correct answer with no working scores 3 Scanned with CamScannerQuestion “answer ‘Additional Guidance ark Number 19(byi o ‘moles $0: in 40 em? 2.41. «104 70.000211 (mol) ‘same as answer t0 (i) ” Teon 191y) ‘Question ‘answer ‘Adational Guidance Mark s9(bxi) Example of calculation: @ volume of atmospheric sample collected (1) | 1020300 (dm!) ‘moles of gasin atmosphere (1) | 300 = 125 (motes) 24 concentration $0; in atmosphere | 2aret0# 125 += 1,688 x 105 /1.69x 107/ 0.00001688 oR 16.88 / 163/17 (ppm) volume S03 in atmosphere (| 2114108 24= 5.064 102 (dm) volume of atmospheric sample callected (1) | 1020300 dm’) concentration SO3in atmosphere (| 5.064 10% 300 1688 x 10°/ 1,69 x 10 /0,00001688 1688/16/17 (ppm) Ignore SF except 15F Correct answer no working scores 3 TE0on 19(b}) and (by and at each stage in (oxi) Scanned with CamScanner‘Adaltional Guidance Question ‘Answer Number 19(eH0) + correct equation 203 > 302 o (Or muttiples| Do not award equations with uncancelled species Ignore state symbols even fincorrect ‘Question ‘Answer ‘Aaditional Guidance Mark Number 19(eMGH) | An answer which makes reference to two ofthe following: @ Ignore ‘+ the chlorine free radicals regenerated the chlorine free radical acts as a catalyst ‘+ many ozone molecules decompose for each free radical _| references to increase in skin cancer formed “+ chlorine free radical causes a chain reaction Do not award references to global warming Question ‘Answer ‘Addional Guidance Wark Number 191) @ © 8 (44 (6 loxdation) (1) | Award 1 mark for sulfur is oxidised and conygen is reduced + Of) 0-4-2 (reduction) o Scanned with CamScannerQuestion ‘answer ‘Additional Guidance ‘ark Number 19(a @ Reactants energy level higher than that of products 0 Enthalpy change -200 (k| mol) labelled o (dependent on correct M1) sos enthalpy 200 4 mot* + HS, Reaction pathway Allow aH for ~200 k| mol" Donat award just reactants & products Ignore Reactant & product states, even If incorrect Transtion tate incermediate hump Comment allow double headed arrows Scanned with CamScannerQuestion “Answer ‘Additional Guidance ‘ark Number 19(a @ + carbon dioxide's a greenhouse gas /causesgiobal (1) _| Ignore references to acid rain/azone warming / causes arise in temperature deplevon/raiation + sulfuric acid (rom sulfur dioxide /troxide) causes (1) Allow sulfur trioxide for sulfuric acid global cooling / causes a drop in temperature Ignore sulfur dioxide is also a greenhouse Bas +) the effect from sulfur dioxide is greater than that of the carbon dioxide (because the temperatures were (1) lower ater the eruption) (Total for Question 19= 21 marks) TOTAL FOR SECTION C=21 MARKS TOTAL FOR PAPER =80 MARKS Scanned with CamScannerPearson Education Limited. 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