B® Name Laie psorte yp Sin std!C_ poll No.4. — 3Exercises : eee |. Fillin the blanks- 1. The big letters are called. letters. 2. There are. letters in English Alphabet. 3. There are. Vowels and. Consonants in the English Alphabet. 4, When letters are joined together to give some meaning, they form, 5. The order of letters in a word is called. Tf. You have read about Vowels a, e, i, o, u. Now fill in the blanks with correct vowels and make meaningful words: Animals and Birds: Lon, G_at, T_ger, E_gle Plrr_t Fruits: G_ava, B_n_na, Gr_p_s, M_ng, _ppl, Parts of Body: N_se, H_nd, Th_mb, F__t, N_ck, Dresses: Sh_rt, C__t, T_rb_n, Sh_rts, — P_nts, Ill. Write two words each starting with the given Vowel letters. Follow the example. Example: a apple ant 1, a 2. e 3 i 4 0 5. uIV. Write two words each starting with the given Consonant letters. Follow the example. Example: b balloon butterfly Loh Bosh] : é 3. k 4 1 5 om —= Chapter-2 Alphabetical Order The letters in a ‘word! are put ina particular order. In dictionaries the wo arranged in alphabetical order. It means that the words beginning with the lena P come first, then the words beginning with the letter ‘b’ and so on .e.g., Ap Class, Dog oo Zebra. Exercises Now write these groups of letters and words in alphabetical order. lsvrwtu 3. Orange, Apple, Mango, Grapes, Peach 4. Karim, Gurmeet, Arvind, Tom, Suraj 5. Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kanpur, Haridwar 6. Madhuri, Salma, Pinki, Anjana, Bhawna 7. Two, Five, Six, Eight, Nine 8. Father, Daughter, Mother, Brother, SisterJumbled Letters Chapter-3 Some names of persons are given here, but the letters are jumbled up. Place these letters in their correct order to form the names. The pictures will help you. 1. lotair 2.remarf ... 3. cheater 4. rocdot 5, berbar 7. ostmanpSome groups of letter are given below. Write the letters in their proper order so that they form the meaningful words of correct spellings. The pictures will, help you. : 1. naf 2. tab 3. tac 4.neh 5. nus 6. ertig 7. lwo 8. orsehThe Noun (Naming Words) shown against each sentence: (The first and the last letters of the words are given as a hint) 1. Thisisa p____r. 2. Thatisa k__g. 3. Thisisa s____ r 4, Thatisa c_t. 5. Thisisa c__w. 6. Thatisa p____t. 7. Thatisa c_r. 8. Thisisan a___e. Look at the following pictures and fill in the blanks with the names of the pictures9. Thisisa f_n. 10.Thatisat____e. « 11.Thisisa p_t_____ e awe 12.Thatisa h I bservation: In the above sentences, you have seen that: 1. Insentences 1, 2. and 3 player, King and soldier are the names of persons. 2. In sentences 4, 5 and 6 cat, crow and parrot are the names of birds animals. 3. Insentences 7,8 and 9 car, apple and fan the name of things. 4, In sentences 10, 11 and 12 temple, post office and hospital are the nar places. Definition: Nouns are the names of persons, birds, animals, things, places, etc.Exercises 1, Underline the ‘Nouns’ in the following sentences: 1, There is a bird on the tree. 2. The mother loves her baby, 3, My books are on the table. 4, The Gangais a river. 5. The birdis singing a sweet song. 6. His father is going to his shop. 7. The horses eat grass. 8. The dog will bark at the beggar. 9. The carisa fast vehicle. 10. The carpenter is making a chair. "Chapter-5 Countable and Uncountable Nouns Some nouns can be counted. These are called Countable Nouns. They have a singula formas wellas a plural form. =m LoG coin apple Se eee 2, SS cars toys coins apples ms = @ @ bench dish potato benches dishes potatoes _ babies Do you know that some nouns cannot be counted? These are called Uncountable Nouns. They do not have a plural form. Example: money, time, milk.Exercises | Read the words below and cross out the Countable Nouns: umbrella door balloon Mango oil bus star snow box rain chair kite sand cap water gold shoe air milk grass Il. Nowwrite the words that belong to Uncountable Nouns: 13Chapter-6 = Proper and Common Nouns Study the following two lists of Nouns and learn the difference between them. A :. Madhu “Mumbai TheGanga_ ~The TajMahal: Bo: girl city river . building The Nouns in List A are the special.names of persons and places. They are called) Proper Nouns. 4 Proper Nouns begin with a capital letter. .. The Nounsin List B can be used for.any person or place. They are éalled 2 Common Nouns. ‘Girl’ canbe Madhu, Sudha, Ritu, Shivani or any other girl. beginning of the sentence). . Exercises :1. Ten words are given below, but they are not printed properly. Pick them out an writethem correctly'i in the columns given below: james watt, king, theredfort, london, postman, sister, Katrinakaif, mountain, desk; Australia2. Write tencommon nouns that you seein your classroom 1 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.Chapter-7 Singular and Plural Nouns . (One and More than One) Look at the following pictures: Boys In the above pictures you see that : The word boy means one boy. When a noun means one thing we say it is Singular. The word boys means more than one boy. When a noun means more than one, it is Plural. Thus, a Noun has two numbers- Singular and Plural. Singular means one. Plural means more than one. How to form the Plural of the Nouns 1. By adding ‘s’ to the singular: re Singular Book Books Girl Girls Photo Photos Monkey Monkeys2. By adding ‘es’ to the singular: Hero Heroes Tomato | Tomatoes Class Classes -| Branch Branches Brush Brushes Box Boxes 3. By changing ‘f’ or ‘fe’ into ‘ ves’: Calf Calves Leaf Leaves Thief. Thieves Wife Wives 4. By changing ‘y’ into ‘ies’: Baby Babies City Cities Lady Ladies Story Stories 5. By changing the inside Vowel of the singular : Foot Feet Tooth Teeth Man Men Woman Women 6. Some Nouns do not change in the Plural : Deer Deer Sheep Sheep M7Exercises A OO —————— if 1. Write the Plurals of the following Nouns : Bird =! 5 as Mango - Dress = J House - Army) = Thief n Sheep - Child <-2 8s 2. Write the Singulars of the following Nouns : Toys “gS Boxes ~ - Flies ed Sheep - Teeth - Women - Matches - Cows - 3. Identify and write the below given words as singular or plural foot, goats, women photo, table, mangoes, teeth, knife, children, man 4 Singular Plural . 18 ‘ee eeChapter-8 man girl ball child In Picture 1, the Noun ‘man’ is the name of a male. It is, therefore, said to be of the Masculine Gender. In Picture 2 , the Noun ‘ girl’ is the name of a female. It is, therefore, said to be of the Feminine Gender. In picture 3, the Noun ‘ball’ is the name of a thing having no life. It is neither male nor female. It is, therefore, said to be of the Neuter Gender. In picture 4, the Noun ‘child’ may be used for a male or a female. It is, therefore, said to be of the Common Gender. Thus all the Nouns have a Gender. A Noun can be of any one of the following four Genders : 1. Masculine Gender 2. Feminine Gender 3. Neuter Gender 4. Common Gender 19Exercises |. Write the Masculine or Feminine Forms of the following Nouns as the case ma Choose the words from the box: actor heroine cow! daughter king brother father * mare niece lioness girl goddess woman wife sir uncle 1. hero = 2. lion = 3.mother = 4.nephew = 5. boy. = 6. queen = 7. god = 8. horse = 9, aunt = 10. bull = dil.man = 12,.madam = 13. sister = 14. husband = ‘15.son = 16. actress = Il. Rewrite the following sentences changing the Gender of the Nouns : 1. My brother is an actor. 2. The king loved the princess very much. 1. The cow is the mother of calves. 1. Our daughter wants to see your wife.The Pronouns Chapter-9 The (Noun) Replacing Words Words that are used in the place of Nouns are called Pronouns. Read the words given below. I you we they them he she it his her him These words are not names or Nouns. They are used in place of Nouns: Remember: 1. He is used for Singular male Nouns. 2. Sheis used for Singular female Nouns. 3. Itis used for an animal and Singular lifeless Nouns. 4. They is used for Plural male or female Nouns. 5. lis used for both Singular male or female Nouns. 6. We is used for both Plural male and female Nouns. 7.Youis used for both Singular and Plural male and female Nouns. Exercises |. Re-write the following sentences using correct Pronouns in place of the nouns which are underlined: 1. Ramanis very lazy. 2. Mary goes to church on Sunday. 243. The teachers are in the office. 4, Mohan and Sohan were there. 5. Sita is a good girl. 6. Abdul plays well. 7. Mysons are standing there. 8. Mother is sleeping now. IL Fillin the blanks with correct Pronouns from those given in the brackets : 1. (They, You, !) 25 (She, They, He) 3. (We, They, You) 4. (You, They, She) 5. (You, She, It) 6. ...are my relatives. (They, she, He) 7. ....are Cousins. (She, We, He) 8. ...is my father. (She, We, He) 9. ...ismy aunty, (She, We, He) 10. am his son. (We, |, She) 2 i aArticles ('A', ‘An’, ‘The') Chapter-10 A, An and The are Called Articles Aand An are called the Indefinite Articles. The is called the Definite Article Use of ‘A’ and ‘An’ Look at the following pictures: new, aman acat anant an elephant Aand Anare used with the Common Nouns which are in the Singular number. Ais used when the Noun begins with a Consonant sound. Anis used when the Noun begins with a Vowel sound. Use of ‘The’ Read the following sentences: 1. 2. 3. 4 | sawa boy. The boy was very handsome. Lookat the moon. The lionis the king of the animals. The Taj Mahalis the most beautiful building. The is used before a particular noun__Singular or Plural. (Sentence 1) The is used when the nounis the name of only one thing of its kind. (Sentence 2) The is used to indicate a class or kind of anything. (Sentence 3) Theis always used with the names of rivers, mountains, seas, famous buildings and holy books. (Sentence 4) 23Exercises Fill in each blank with ‘A’, ‘An' or ‘The' as required : 1. Thereis... .. apple and 2. ... inkpot. 3. ... lovely flower itis ! 4. old man walks slowly. 5. .. sunrises in .. East. 6... ....Gangais... wu. holy river. 7. Delhiis..... capital of India. 8. hour. 9. .. tallest boy. 10... ... week has seven days. 11. Indiais .... developed country. 12. 13.He has... sso. Umbrella. 14... birds fly. 15. My brotheris.... 24The Verb Chapter-11 (Doing or Action words) Look at the following sentences : ¥ 1, Thedogbarks. mE vty 2 . 9 i 2. The birds fly. . ¥ ae 3, Sohanreadsa book. 4, The cow eats grass. In the above sentences the bold words say something about the subject, as for example. 1. Insentence 1, the word ‘barks’ say something about ‘dog’. 2. Insentence2, the word ‘fly’ says something about ‘birds’. 3. Insentence 3, the word ‘reads’ say something about ‘Sohan’. 4. Insentence 4, the word ‘eats’ say something about ‘cow’ Thus the words barks, fly, reads, and eats are Doing words. So they are called Verbs. Remember : All 'doing' or ‘action’ words are called Verbs. Exercises 1. Look at the pictures and fill in the blanks with the correct verbs. 1. Thesun . light during the day. 2. The topis 3. Premis....... 254, Grandfather is 5. Rita... Il. Some ‘doing’ words (Verbs) are given below. Fillthem in the blanks at, proper places ; lay, rises, teaches, fly, reads, struck, loves, rings, take, play, sets, bark, drinks, went, see 1. Thesun..... in the east. 2061 ... tea inthe morning. 3, The birds... 4, The dogs... 5. Shi . the Ramayana. ... milkin the night. 6, He... ome. 7. Theteacher.... 8. Theclock .. tothe market. 9. He... 10. They...... sues Cricket. 11. My mother... 12. 1... ...a picture. 13. Thesun ... in the west. 14. The peon.... ... the bell. 15. Hens... ... OBES. 26Tenses Chapter-12 (Actions showing Time) Tenses tell us about time and when an action is performed. They can tell us if an action happened in the past (before now), is taking place at present (now), or if it will happen in the future (after now). Present and Past A. Read the following sentences. 1. Children play in the garden. Inthe above sentence, the verb ‘play’ tells us that the action is done now. Itis in the presenttense. 2. Children played in the garden. In the above sentence, the verb ‘played’ tells us that the action took place at an earlier time in the past. It is in the past tense. B. Nowread some more sentences. Present tense Past tense 1. Radhawritesapoem. 1. Radhawroteapoem. 2. Ijump with joy. 2. |jumped with joy. 3. Mother cooks dinner. 3. Mother cooked dinner. 4. leat breakfast at 8am. 4. late breakfast at 8 am. C. Words in the present tense can be changed to past tense by adding - d, ed, or by changing their spellings. 27Verb Forms Present tense Past tense 1. do did 2. Change changed 3. look looked 4. live lived 5. hope hoped 6. smile smiled 7. walk walked 8. brush brushed 9. begin began 10. come came 11. go went 12. talk talked 13. sing sang 14. play played 15. cry cried 16. close closed 17. open opened 18, jump jumped 19. show showed 20. clean cleaned 21, run ran 22. dance danced 23. sleep slept 24, say said 25. teach taught 26. write wrote 28Exercises Ss |. Complete the following sentences from present tense to past tense by adding ‘d’ or ‘ed’ to the action words given in brackets. 1. We. .... the project yesterday. (finish) 2 in Delhi for two years. (live) 3. .. at a beach resort in Goa. (sty) 4. Noone. at my joke. (laugh) 5. for one hour at the bus stop. (wait) 6. My aunt..... ...from London last night. (arrive) 7. Mother... my homework. (check) 8. ..all the questioned correctly. (answer) 9. The baby ...... ...on the floor. (crawl) 10.The old man... ....at the boys. (shout) The Future To talk about any action that will take place in the future (after now), we use ‘will’ or 'shall' before the regular action word. Read the following sentences. 1. He goes to church every Sunday. He will go to church this Sunday as well. 2. My father drives to work every day. When | grow up, | shall drive to work as well. We use ‘will’ with singular and plural naming words and he, she, it and you. We use ‘shall’ with I and we.Exercises a) I, Add the words ‘will' or 'shall' to the given action words to complete the — sentences. eat, swim, visit, give, bark, talk 1. We.... . in the sea tomorrow. 2. You... .. all the food on your plate. 3. They... ... US SOON. 4. The dog .... .. if a strangers enters the house. 5.1... ... My raincoat to the old man. 3 6. The teacher sssssesssssus .to the class about recycling. Ill. Write five sentences using ‘will’ or ‘shall’, 30Use of 'Is', '‘Am', ‘Are’ Chapter-13 We use ‘is' to talk about one noun in the present time. We use 'am' with I in the present time. We use 'are' to talk about more than one noun in the present time and also with pronoun ‘you’. One person Two or more persons lama girl. We are girls. You are a doctor. You are doctors. She is a teacher. They are teachers. He is a teacher. They are teachers. It is a peacock. They are peacocks. Exercises Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with - ‘is’, ‘are’ orsam’ 1. She .. .. a singer. ..driends. 5. He... ...absent today. 6. The tea hot. . 7. They .... .. in the class. * B1... ... your friend. 9. The child ...... .. happy. 10. It... .. full moon today. ALA wee healthy now. * x 12. My pocket «. empty, uChapter-14 Use of 'Was' and 'Were' We use 'was' and 'were' to talk about the past time. (Yesterday, last night, last week, last month, last year) We use 'was' to talk about singular nouns or pronouns and 'were' to talk about plural nouns or pronouns. ‘ 7 Singular Plural | was in class two last year. We were in class two last year. You were in Sri Lanka last month. You were in the concert last month. | ‘She/he was happy with the result. They were happy with the result. The dog was in the’kennél last night. The dogs were in the kennel last. It was fast asleep. night. They were fast asleep. Exercises —.7 Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with - ‘was’, or ‘were’ 1. My friends .... «here last evening. 1 2. There .. . @ beautiful parrot in the cage. 3. It. -. very hot yesterday. 4. Sortia and Monika .... seen at the park yesterday, 5. The children ... happy. .. my birthday yesterday. 327. Akshit and I....... swuthere yesterday, 8. Deepak..... in the room last evening. 9. His clothes......... ... Neat and clean. 10. He .... ... absent yesterday. .... in the kitchen a short time ago. 12. We ....... swe. absent yesterday. 13. There . a cow grazing in the field. 14. Those boys... .. in the cricket team. 15.1 at home in the morning.Chapter-15 Use of ‘Will be’ / ‘Shall be’ The Verbs ‘will be’ and ‘shall be’ show that something is said about the subject in futu time. So these Verbs are said to be verbs in the future tense. We use ‘will' with singular.and plural naming words and he, she, it and you. We use ‘shall’ with land we. q Singular : Plural shall be old. We shall be old. You will be old. - You will be old. He (She, It) will be old. They will be old. Exercises | Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with - ‘ will be’ or ‘shall be’ , 1. He ... . a leader. | . thankful to you. ... honest. in the kitchen. ... in the meeting. absent fomorrow. Mo !7. The teacher ...... 8. The clothes... 9. The soldiers 10. The river ... 11. The players .. 12. It... . in the class. .. a dark night. 35Chapter-16 Use of ‘Has’, ‘Have’ and ‘Had’ We use ‘has’ and ‘have' in present tense. We use ‘has' with he, she, it and singular nouns. We use 'have' with I, we, you, they and Plural Nouns. We use ‘had' in the past.tense. We use ‘had’ with all singular and plural nouns. Read the sentences given below. 1, [have a bat. 1. |had a bat. 2. You had a bat. 3, He (She) had bat. 2. You have a bat. 3. She/he has a bat. 4, We had bats. 5. We had bats. 6. They had bats. 4. We have bats. 5. You have bats. 6. They have bats. Exercises _ Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with - ‘has’, ‘have’ or ‘had’ 1. January ... thirty one days. : : 2. We... two eyes. he 3. Gandhi +. a Slim body. 4. She no brother. a holiday yesterday. 6. Pt. Nehru .. a great reputation. 7. Myson . a house in Delhi. 8. We. a busy day yésterday. 9. She three new pencils. 10. When she was young, she..... .-.. Straight hair. ... three sisters and two brothers. 11.1... 12. All dog: tails. 13. Grandma grey hair. .. to visit his aurit today. 36 14. Mr. Sen...The Adjective Chapter-17, (Describing words) : Look at the following sentences: 1. He is an old man. 2. You are a young boy. 3. It is a black dog. 4. This is a white shirt. / f In the above sentences old describes a man, young describes a boy, black describes a dog, and white describes a shirt. Hence, old, young, black and white are called Adjectives. Remember: An Adjective is a word that describes a Noun. Exercises Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with correct Adjectives from those given below: sweet, new, black, big, beautiful, fresh, cold, interesting 1. My uncle has a 2. Mumbai is a .. 3. The girl has a..........voice. 4. The wind is... 5. The boy made a 6. Always drink ... 7. The story is very .... 8, He wants a sees WwOpposites (Antonyms) Words opposite in meaning are called Antonyms. Words Opposites 1, Above below 2. Beautiful ugly 3. Bitter sweet 4, Bright dull 5. Blunt sharp 6. Broad narrow 7. Clean dirty 8. Clever stupid 9. cruel kind 10. Dry wet 11. Early late 12. Empty full 13. Far near 14. Fresh stale 15. Hard soft 16. Heavy light 17. Joy sorrow 18. Long short 19. Open shut 20. Rich poor 21. Young old 22. Punish reward 23. Wild domestic 24. Honest dishonest 25. Happy sad ® 26. Right wrongExercises Pasi. Oe ae ee Use the opposites of the given Adjectives to fill in the blanks. One is done for you. hot clever small clean weak oid sour black heavy fat 1. This is a big colouring book. It is not small 2. The coffee was not cold. It was... 3. She is not foolish. She is 4, Mr. Brown is not strong. He is ...... 5, These clothes are not dirty. They are 6. These grape are not sweet. They ar 7. The box is not light, It is .. 8. Meena is not slim. she is .... 9. Coal is not white. It is ...... 10. This shirt is not new. It is .Chapter-18 The Preposition (The words that tells us where) Look at the following pictures and sentences carefully: 1. The book is on the table. 2. The cat is under the table. 3. The dog is at the gate. 4. A fox fell into the well. 5. The teacher is in the class. 6. Ram is near the teacher. 7. The rat jumped upon the table. 8. A picture was painted by Madhu. 9. Arvind killed a wolf with a knife. 10. The apple was divided between Sonu and Monu. 11. The sweets were distributed among the children. 12. The fan is over my head. In the above sentences, the words ‘on’, ‘under’, ‘at’, ‘in’, ‘near’, ‘upon’, 'by', "wi ‘between’, 'among' and ‘over’ are used before a Noun or Pronoun to show its relat with another word. These words are called Prepositions. Prepositions are words used before a Noun or Pronoun to show its relation with another word in the sentence. 40Exercises 0 srrceun he Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the Prepositions given below: in, into, on, at, under, over, with, - between, near 1, Please look...... .. the blackboard. 2. Your house is.... js. My shop. 3. We are sitting... .... the chair. 4, The teacher Sat... + the chair. 5, The cat went........ .. the room. +. Our heads, 6. The sky is 7. The snake was killed . a stick. 8. Aman is sitting .. Raj and Shyam. 9. The mangoes were distributed .... ... the girls: 10. The map is aChapter-19 The Conjunction (Joining Words) Read the following sentences and look at the pictures: 1, Radha is a girl. Rani isa girl. Radha and Rani are sisters. 2. Sonu is fat. Monu is slim. Sonu is fat but Monu is slim. 3. Is the dog brown/ ass Is the dog black. Is the dog black or brown? 4. Manju is sad. She has lost her purse. Manju is sad because she has lost her purse. In sentence 1, 'and' joins the two words (Nouns-Radha and Rani), in sentence2, ‘but' joins the two sentences, in sentence 3, 'or' joins the two words and in sentence 4, ‘because’ joins the two sentences. Hence, ‘and’, 'but', 'or', ‘because’ are the joining words or Conjunctions. A Conjunction is a word used to join two words, clauses or sentences.Exercises Look at the pictures and comiplete the following sentences by filling in the blanks with suitable conjunctions: the ball is round. f / 1. Here area bat.......... 2. The bat is long... 3. Which is dirty, the cup ...... the plate ? 4, Take the pen...... wee. the pencil. 5. My father is healthy ...... ... My mother is weak. 6. Mohan... ... Sohan are going. 7. Asita cat wu. a dog? 8. Birds can fly...... .... animals cannot. 43Chapter-20 Composition Essays i / write the heading of || Look at the following pictures.'With the help of these pictures, the essay and fill in the blanks'in the sentences with proper words : 1. THE uc eserseeesereneere | 1. This isa 2. She is 3. She has 5. She has a long..... 6. She eats... 7. She gives us sweet B. Her iene | 4. She has two +. is useful. _.. very gentle. ... call her Gau Mata, 44 ©2. The 1. This is my ..... 2. Its name is .. 3. Itis 4. It has four ........ 5. It has .... + @ars and a +. at thieves, «in the night. very faithful. 45be 1. This is 2. Its name is ... ... school. 3. Itisa... 4. Itisin 5. There are +» FOOMS. 6. All the ..... .. are airy. 7. There are .... .» gardens. 8. There is a........ ground also. 9: 1. is neat and clean. 10. | love my ... ..very much.a wa Applications Chapter: 1. For sick leave Write an application to the Principal for two days leave as you are sick. To, The Principal, | have been suffering from fever since last night. Sovki from today. Your obediently, indly grant me two days leave Student of Class. Dated 2. Re-write the above application Write an application to the Principal for two days leave as youaresick. To, The Principal, | have been suffering from fever since last night. So kindly grant me two days leave from today. Your obediently, aT re3. Leave for urgent work urgent piec Write an application to the Principal for one day leave aS you have an urgent pI ee of work. To, The Principal, Kindly grant me leave of absence for | have an urgent work at my home today. day only. Yours obediently, Student of Class. Dated : .. 4. Re-write the above application Write an application to the Principal for one day leave as you have an urgent of work. . To, The Principal, | have an urgent work at my home today. Kindly grant me leave of absence day only. Yours obediently, Student of Class. Dated : .......