88 Unit 9 Kick off 1 Match the petroleum product with a picture acphalt/hitimen liquid petrolenm gas patral / gasoline leernsena / jet final diesel /petrndiacel frie oil 2 Lanyouname otner ways eacn product is used? 3 Answer the questions. Which product is the heaviest? Which is the lightest? Which is a solid? ‘Which ones are liquids? Which bums asa gas? Listening Arefinery tour 1G Listen to the presentation about Oakton refinery Match each description (1-9) with a place (a-i) in the picture on p89, 2. @ Listen again. Check your answers. 3. Complete the sentences. Use the worde in the list. bring isconnectedishidden —_isrefined ieretumed —igstored manage take —_travela 1 This is the jetty. Tankers ___ the retnery. hey unload the crude oil here. 2 Thecrude oil the tanks at the tank farm, crude oil to along these pipes into The crude oll fn these taniks until 11s refined. Some of them are 80 metres high. There are over 200 steps to the top. this is the main refinery. This is where the oil in the distillation towers, these pipes take the products out of the refinery. Same of the pipes kerosene to the auport. The vefinery uses river wales fur cuuling the machinery. The used water here, tothe salt marsh. It is often cleaner when itis returned than it was when it was taken from the river. The refinery to the main road here. All of the workers come and go this way. Some of our products leave this way in tankers. The admin block is where the offices are, The people who work here. the people and allof the machinery at the refinery. Oakton is the neighbouring village. The refinery from the village by trees.The refinery 89 listening to a refinery tour © using the Passive explaining a process @ talking about temperature reading about fractional distillation 4 () listen again and check your answers. Choose the correct word. 5 Answer the questions. LIne trees niae / are niaaen the rennery. 1 Where is the crude oil stored? 2. The refinery is managed / manages from the 2: Whereis the crude oil refined? admin block. 3. Where is water returned to the river? 3. Sue products leave / wre left the refinery in 4 where are products taken out of te refinery? ‘tankes 4. Kerosene fs taken / takes to the airport by a e Language spot Pipeline The Passive 5 The crude oil is refined / refines in the distillation towers * We use Passive vesbs to explain actions or proce2se>._g Tankergunload / are unloaded ther il atthe ety The crude oil is refined in the refinery. Summetines you cant Civuse tu use Ute Active Ur Ute a Passive, 8 The distillation towers are distille The pipes take the oil from the ships. (Active) crude ol The ofl is taken from the ships by the pipes. (Passive) 2 Tick (7) the sentences in 1 that are passive. 7 The crude oll stores / is stored in the tani90 Unit 13 ‘ears (i) (61 €) Conmrect arvelectikal device wit te ground ‘Am E= ground transport emergency card («card with information about what a lorry driver should do in case of an emergency. also includes information about the roduct that iscaried 3. Match the actions with the pictures. Check the transport amorgancy card. Connect the pipes. Drain the hoses Load the tanker. Barth the tanker, Switch off the master switch. Drive the tanker into the loading area Drive the tanker out of the loading arca. 4 Complete the sentences. Explain how a bulk tanker is loaded sately. Use the Passive 1 First the tanke ‘Then the tanker Next, the After that, the —__-_ Then — a Meg Poe ss after La nally, Speaking Explaining a process Work in pairs, Take turns describing a process, Student A, goto p. 110, Student B, go to p. 114.The refinery @1 ‘monitor (o] to watch and check sth over a period of time in order ‘0 see how it develops, so that you can make any necessary changes production (n) amount of product 145 million lites of petrol per day troubleshoot (v) find and correct problems in a mechanical electrical or electronic system Ls acl, for example Number talk Temperature 1 Match the numbers with the words 40°C a__minus forty degrees Celstus nec thitty-ceven degrees Celeiie asec zero degrees Celsius h 37°C done hundred degrees Celsius 100°C —e forty-five degrees Celsius 2G Listen and check your answers, 3. Complete the sentences with the temperatures in 1 "Cis an average summer temperature in Saudi Arabia. 2 Ice melts at___°c. 2. Water boile at __°c. 4 Normal body temperature is ___°C. 5 °C 1s a cola winter aay m Alaska. 4 Take the temperature quiz. Complete the sentences with the numbers in the list 42 200 250 400 600 1 Inatefinery, crude oll is heated to about &c 2 Asphalt usually boils at more than ____*C. 3 The boiling point uf LP gas is usually about c 4 Petrol often boils at__*c. ‘The boiling point of kerosene is usually about sc, ast s 07 7 £ ANZ NOT It’s my job 1 Can you guess what a process technician does? 1 monitors the refinery equipment a 2 onganizes the schedule of crudecildelivery 4 deale with environmental complaints ao 4, takes cate of troubleshooting and repairs o 3 favery’s products a 2 wer. 3 answer the questions 1 Tow many people work at Suparman’s refinery? 2. What two reasons does he give tor shutting down? 3 What maintenance job does he mention? 4 How muuch lime do they lake ashul down? 5 What two refinery products does he mention? Suparman Perkasa Iwork at an oil refinery in Sumatra, Indonesia. Its a big rehinery. There are more than 300 tanks and nearly 1,000 workers. My teart Lakes care of all of the refinery equipment. When the refinery is running normally, we monitor all of the equipment. This means we check and maintain everything When there is a prohlem, we troubleshoot it That means trying to understand what's wrong Then we try to repairit. We work closely with the ‘maintenance team. Sometimes, we need to shut down, part of te rerinery for big repair Joo ana tor some maintenance jobs, for example furnare cleaning. Shutting duit means safely stopping some of the machines, But you can't just switch it off! We usually schedule a maintenance shut down a year in advance. ‘We work closely with an experlenced, specialist contractor. Another important job is checking the products that are made in the refinery. This means we test the petrol, the kerosene, and 30 on to make sure it is good. My team also writes in the production log, ‘The production log Is the information about how much crude oil we have processed and how much of each product we have made.92 Unit 13 \worta’s top three refineries in production Name of refinery location Litres per day Paraguana Reining Complex Venezuela_—149.3 millon SK Energy Ulzan Refinery South Korea 1235 million Yeosu Refinery South Korea 1113 million Reading Fractional distillation 1 Can yon explain how an oil refinery works? 2. Read the text tise the words in hold to label the picture (1-8) How a refinery works Ferrel Kerosene Potuivsel Fulci Temperatures vary for different refining processes, crude oils, and end products, AmE lorry truck An oil refinery turns crude oil nto petroloum g2e, potral / gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, fue oil, asphalt {bitumen. and many other products. Here's how it works. First, the crude oil 's pumped into the furnace, where itis boiled. Next, the hoiling oil enters the bouwumn of die distillation tower, Builing separates the crude oil into fractions, Fraction means part. The fractions of erude oil are products with different boiling pointe: petenlanm gas. petal, ands ‘on. The lightest product, petroleum gas, rises to the top. The heaviest products, like agphalt, sink to the bottom. After the products are separated, they are piped - out of the tower. The different products aie stored in tanks in the refinery. Finely, they are taken out of the refinery by tanker lorry, rail tanker, boat, or pipeline. Refineries and the environment In addition to mcking useful petroleum products, fractional distillation and ther refinary processes also eon create noise, odour, air pollution, and water pollution Moet cauntries have ‘environmentel rules that refineries: must follow. All retineries must monitor and control possible probleme. Every refinery has a safety and environment officer His or her jab is to make sure Ure refinery follows the rules3 Ancwer the questions, Which product has a boiling point of about 350 °C? Which is lighter, petrol or kerosene? Which is the heaviest product on the picture? ‘What three vehicles does the text mention? Whal environmental probleras are mentioned? ‘Who has the job of monitoring possible environmental problems? 4 Work in pairs. Close your book: Draw a picture te explain factional distillation. Write sentences to explain the process Usirun ranouaae Fit... Next... Then Afterthat.... Finally. Writing Explaining a process 1 Write a paragraph that explains a process, © Aparagraph ie a group af contences that ayplain an idea Look again at the process you explained in Speaking on p.90 (student A ole card p.i0, Student B role card pM), Write a paragraph that explains the process (loading a tanker train at a refinery arlnading a hill tanker at sea) 2 Compare your paragraphs with other students’ Did you say the same things? Project 1. Find information on an vilsefinery in your country. © Where ieit? © How much ofl does it process? 2 How is emide ail delivered to the refinery? @ Tow are petroleum products taken away from the refinery? 2 olf iysumetiies sueapured int a 42-gallun bassel (about 159 litres). In a typical barrel of crude. how much will be refined into © petroleum gas? © fuel oll? © petra? asphalt? ‘kerosene? © other products? © petrodiesel? The refinery 43 I 9h Checklist Accece your prograst in this unit. Tick (/) the statements which are true, I can talk about an oil refinery Iran use the Pascive I can explain a process {can talk about temperature | can understand fractional distillation SEE Key words Nouns asphalt boil bulk tanker degrees Celsius (°C) fractional diztillation fuel oi! furnace ges kerosene liquid petroleum gas (LPG) petrodiese! Adjective solid Verbe eattlt melt refine Look back through this unit. Find five more words or expressions that you think are usetul.