Asynchronous

1. Cite an example of various conscience

ANTECENDENT CONSCIENCE is the judgment of a person deciding on a moral matter prior to

acting on it. Antecedent conscience either commands or forbids, counsels or permits the
performance of an act.

Example: command, permits, forbid, beyond your control

CONSEQUENT CONSCIENCE is the judgment of the mind on the morality of an action already
performed. The conscience either approves what has been done, giving peace to the mind and
spiritual joy, or disapproves of what was done, thus causing remorse and a sense of guilt.

Judgement on the action that was already made.

Example: approval, excuses, accuses, that is already consequent.

LAX CONSCIENCE - An erroneous conscience when the mind decides on insufficient grounds
that a sinful act is permissible or that something gravely wrong is not serious

You are thinking no evil even when there is evil

Example: Drugs, Vises, Casual sex, Plagiarism, Affairs even though its wrong, you think it is still
okay.

SCRUPULOUS CONSCIENCE is an erroneous conscience when the mind is unduly swayed by fear
and judges that something is wrong that in fact is lawful.

Thinking evil when there’s no evil. At the back of your mind parang nakagawa ka ng mali, guilt
feeling kahit na wala kang ginagawa.

Example: Perfectionist, eating lots of food

PERPLEXED CONSCIENCE is an erroneous conscience when the mind sees sin both in the
performance and in the omission of some human act to be done here and now.

Complicated, mapapa decide ka kung san sa dalawa kasi feeling na nag choose ka sa isa is
parang nag commit ka pa rin ng sin so it is better to choose lesser evil.

You have to decide, kung sino ang pipiliin ko ba talaga, medyo confuse. Minsan may takot when
it comes to decision making. Anxious, balisa ka. You are confuse, you do not know what to do.

Example:

DOUBTFUL CONSCIENCE - A state of mind when it cannot certainly decide for or against a
course of action and leaves the person unsure about the morality of what one is to do, or what
one may have done. One sign of a doubtful conscience is that it gives rise to a positive judgment
with a prudent fear of being wrong, or more commonly to a negative judgment in which the
person does not know whether an act is lawful or not.

Example:

CERTAIN CONSCIENCE is a state of mind when it has no prudent fear of being wrong about its
judgment on some moral issue and firmly decides that some action is right or wrong.

Example:

ERRONEOUS CONSCIENCE - is when a person knowingly, or unknowingly, makes a mistake in

judgement by doing the wrong thing which they, consciously, believed was the right thing to
do.

Example:

RIGHT AND GOOD CONSCIENCE -

Example:
 1. What is sin?

 Sin is rebellion against God, be it in words, deeds, or desires. It destroys relationship

between God and humans and also has disastrous consequences for people’s
relationship with each other and with their natural environment.
 Adam and Eve were the first humans who fell into sin, but they were not the only ones.
All of their descendants have inherited their sinful hearts, which means that all humans
are sinful from birth. Sin is like a contagious disease that has infected all of the
humanity.
 We have free will, we have lot of freedom, and therefore a lot of responsibility to make
the right choices. But since our heart are corrupted by sin, we will generally choose sin
over righteousness.
 Pagkamakasarili or self-centeredness is sometimes the reason of broken families,
bullying, abusive name calling, academic dishonesty. etc. We are too tempted to act
selfishly.

Different kinds of sin

 Grave Matter: The act itself is intrinsically evil and immoral. For example, murder, rape,
incest, perjury, adultery, and so on are grave matter.
 Venial Sin: a sin that is relatively slight or that is committed without full reflection or
consent

For example, someone who tells so-called white lies commits venial sin, but if he does it long
enough, it’s much easier for him to be tempted to tell a big lie later on that would in fact be a
mortal sin, such as cheating on a test or on his income tax return.

For example, someone steals a postage stamp, thinking that it’s only worth 50 cents. She knows
that it’s sinful, but if she’s unaware that the stamp is rare and actually worth $1,000, she’s not
guilty of mortal sin but of venial sin.

 Greed - greed is an intense and selfish desire for something especially when it comes to
wealth or power
 Sloth - it’s a reluctance to work or even to just make an effort to do something, in short
‘laziness’
 Gluttony- this is an excessive and ongoing eating of food or drink
 Envy - it is a feeling of discontented or resentful, longing that is brought about by
someone else’s success, possessions qualities and all of that stuff
 Wrath - is extreme anger towards another person
 Lust - is a strong passion or longing especially for sexual gratification
3. What is virtue? Virtue is a good quality that habitually perfects powers, inclining man to do
good.

A. Theological Virtues - The theological virtues are those that have God for their
immediate object and instills the same God in baptism, along with grace: faith, hope and
charity.

 Faith is a supernatural virtue by which we believe the truths that God has revealed and
the Church teaches.
 Hope is a supernatural virtue by which we trust that God will give us glory through his
grace.
 Charity is a supernatural virtue by which we love God above all things and we also love
ourselves and our neighbor for God' love.

B. Moral Virtues- The moral virtues are acquired by practice and habit.

 Man can do good things with natural forces, acquiring virtues. For example: sincerity,
discretion, loyalty ... The main moral virtues are also called cardinal virtues because they
are like the basis of the others: prudence, justice, fortitude and temperance.
 Prudence is the virtue that disposes practical reason to discern our true good, choosing
the right means for achieving it.
 Justice is the virtue which inclines us to give God and neighbor what is due, both
individually and socially.
 Fortitude is the virtue that ensures firmness and perseverance to do good.
 Temperance is the virtue that curbs the appetite of the sensitive pleasures and imposes
restraint in the use of created goods.
 In addition to the cardinal virtues, the man must practice the other moral virtues,
especially religion, humility, obedience, joy, patience, penance and chastity.

4. How would you develop virtues?

Virtues are developed through learning and through practice. As the ancient philosopher
Aristotle suggested, a person can improve his or her character by practicing self-discipline,
while a good character can be corrupted by repeated self-indulgence

5. What are the factors that separate us from God? Why makes your faith lukewarm?

 sin separates us from one another, it also separates us from God.

 The habit of Laziness; failing to do what’s right is just as bad as doing what’s wrong.
 The habit of ignorance; Acting like a Christian is not enough.
  The habit of Irresponsibility; Losing God’s love is Impossible, but Chritsi

Reflection Gospel Reading Luke 24 :46-53 Guide Questions for Reflection

1. What was the promised of Jesus to the Apostles before his Ascension?
2. Why do you think Jesus need to leave his Apostles?
3. How is your relationship to God at this moment? Why does faith should be nurtured and
cultivated always?