1 Module 2 - VOLLEYBALL

2 Module 2 - VOLLEYBALL

LESSON 2
VOLLEYBALL OFFICIALS, OFFICIAL HAND SIGNALS, BASIC VOLLEYBALL RULES, AND THE BASIC
VOLLEYBALL RULE VIOLATIONS

Specific Learning Outcomes

In this lesson, you are expected to:

1. identify the volleyball officials;
2. demonstrate the official hand signals of volleyball; and
3. perform volleyball following the basic volleyball rules and the basic volleyball rule violations.

PRE-ASSESSMENT

Instruction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter of your choice before each number.
1. He has authority over all other members of the officiating crew.
a. First referee b. Second referee c. Scorekeeper d. Assistant scorer
2. He is an assistant to the first referee but also has a range of specific responsibilities.
a. First referee b. Second referee c. Scorekeeper d. Assistant scorer
3. His main job is to make sure the score is correct at all times.
a. First referee b. Second referee c. Scorekeeper d. Assistant scorer
4. Notifies any fault with libero replacements
a. First referee b. Second referee c. Scorekeeper d. Assistant scorer
5. He watches the endline and sideline of their respective corners.
a. Second referee b. Scorekeeper c. Scorekeeper d. Line judges
6. His main responsibility is to make signals to help out the referees in making judgment calls.
a. Second referee b. Scorekeeper c. Scorekeeper d. Line judges
7. Checks the score on the scoreboard with the score on the scoresheet
a. Second referee b. Scorekeeper c. Assistant scorer d. Line judges
8. He should have a talk with the second referee before the match starts discussing issues such as pre-
match protocol and anything that will help the match run more smoothly.
a. First referee b. Second referee c. Scorekeeper d. Assistant scorer
9. Move the hand to indicate the direction of service.
a. Authorization to serve b. Team to serve c. Substitution d. Time-out
10. Circular motion of the forearms around each other
a. Authorization to serve b. Team to serve c. Substitution d. Time-out
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LESSON MAP

VOLLEYBALL

Volleyball Officials

Official Hand Signals

Basic Volleyball Rules and the Basic

Rule Violations

The map above shows the important rules of volleyball officials, official hand signals, and the basic
volleyball rules and the basic rule violations.

CONTENT

ENGAGE

Instruction: Observe this picture and write your observation what this all about.

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EXPLORE

VOLLEYBALL OFFICIALS

Responsibilities of Referees & Work Team

Volleyball officials that make up the officiating crew are first referee, second referee, scorekeeper,
assistant scorer, and line judges.

The first referee is in charge from the beginning of the match until the end.

The first referee has authority over all other members of the officiating crew.

The first referee should talk to all the officiating crew members before the match starts, going over any
questions officials might have about their responsibilities.

The first referee should have a talk with the second referee before the match starts discussing issues such
as pre-match protocol and anything that will help the match run more smoothly.

The second referee should establish a rapport with the scorekeeper and libero tracker. If the scorer and
libero tracker have a problem or don't understand something, they should be comfortable enough to ask the
second referee for help.

The second referee is an assistant to the first referee but also has a range of specific responsibilities. These
duties are carried out standing at the post on the opposite side of the net and facing the first referee.

Scorekeeper

The scorekeeper's main job is to make sure the score is correct at all times. The scorekeeper uses a score
sheet to keep track of the game.

If there is a difference between the score on the score sheet and the visual score (flip score, electronic
scoreboard, etc.) the visual score should be changed to match the score on the scoresheet unless the
mistake on the scoresheet can be determined and corrected.

One of the referees should check the accuracy of the scoresheet at the end of each set.

THE SCOREKEEPER

Pre-match,

• Before the match starts, the scorekeeper should fill in the pre-match info – team names, starting
line ups, etc.
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During the match,

• Records points when they are scored.

• Watches the servers and indicates immediately to the referees when a server has served out of
order. It's also good preventive officiating to watch team’s rotation in case assistance is needed for
the second referee to determine the correct team alignment.
• Records player substitutions and team timeouts
• Records any sanctions
• Records all other events as instructed by the referees
• Records the final result of the set
• In the case of a protest, after the first referee gives authorization, the scorekeeper lets the game
captain write a statement for protest on the scoresheet.

After the match,

• Records the final result of the match

• Signs the scoresheet

Assistant Scorer

The assistant scorer (or libero tracker) sits at the scorer's table next to the scorekeeper.

The assistant scorer's main function is to record libero replacements on to a libero tracking sheet.

THE ASSISTANT SCORER

• Notifies any fault with libero replacements

• Operates the manual scoreboard on the scorer's table
• Checks the score on the scoreboard with the score on the scoresheet

Line Judges

If only two line judges are used, they stand at the corner of the endline that is closest to the right hand of
each referee, diagonally from the corner.

The line judges watch the endline and sideline of their respective corners.

Line judge's main responsibility is to make signals to help out the referees in making judgment calls.

Line judges may be instructed to use flags to make the signals.

THE LINE JUDGES SIGNAL

• Ball "in" and "out" whenever the ball lands near the lines
• Touches of "out" balls by players receiving the ball
• Ball touching the antennae
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• A served ball crossing the net outside the crossing space (the space between the antennae's)
• Any player standing off the court at the moment of service
• Server foot faults

OFFICIAL HAND SIGNALS

2. Extend the arm to the side of the team that will

1. Move the hand to indicate the direction of service
serve

4. Place the palm of one hand over the fingers of the

3. Raise the forearms front and back and twist them other,
around the body held vertically (forming a "T") and then indicate the
requesting team
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6. Show a yellow card for warning. Show a red card

5. Circular motion of the forearms around each other
for penalty

8. Show red and yellow cards separately for

7. Show both cards jointly for expulsion
disqualification
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9. Cross the forearms in front of the chest, hands 10. Life the extended arm, the palm of the hand
open facing upwards

11. Raise eight fingers, spread open 12. Raise both arms vertically, palms forward
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13. Make a circular motion with the forefinger 14. Point the arm and fingers toward the floor

15. Raise the forearms vertically, hands open, palms 16. Slowly lift the forearm, palm of the hand facing
toward the body upwards

17. Raise two fingers, spread open 18. Raise four fingers, spread open
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20. Place a hand above the net, palm facing

19. Indicate the respective side of the net
downwards

21. Make a downward motion with the forearm, hand

22. Point to the center line or to the respective line
open
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24. Brush with the palm of one hand the fingers of

the other, held
23. Raise both thumbs vertically vertically. USAV: Brush fingers of opposite hand
once over palm of
vertical hand

25. Cover the wrist with a yellow card (warning) and

26. Place hands together (palms facing each other)
with a red
overhead
card (penalty)

Lines 1. Point down with flag Lines 2. Raise flag vertically

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Lines 4. Wave flag over the head and point to the

Lines 3. Raise flag and touch the top with the palm of
antenna or the
the free hand
respective line

Lines 5. Raise and cross both arms and hands in

front of the chest

Basic Volleyball Rules

• 6 players on the floor at any one time - 3 in the front row and 3 in the back row
• Maximum of 3 hits per side
• Points are made on every serve for winning team of rally (rally-point scoring).
• Player may not hit the ball twice in succession. (A block is not considered a hit.)
• Ball may be played off the net during a volley and on a serve.
• A ball hitting a boundary line is in.
• A ball is out if it hits an antennae, the floor completely outside the court, any of the net or cables outside
the antennae, the referee stand or pole, the ceiling above a non-playable area.
• It is legal to contact the ball with any part of a player’s body.
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• It is illegal to catch, hold or throw the ball.

• A player cannot block or attack a serve from on or inside the 10-foot line.
• After the serve, front-line players may switch positions at the net.
• Matches are made up of sets; the number depends on level of play. 3-set matches are 2 sets to 25 points
and a third set to 15. Each set must be won by two points. The winner is the first team to win 2 sets. 5-set
matches are 4 sets to 25 points and fifth set to 15. The team must win by 2 unless tournament rules
dictate otherwise. The winner is the first team to win three sets.
Basic Volleyball Rule Violations

Rule violations that result in a point for the opponent:

• When serving, the player steps on or across the service line as while making contact with the ball.
• Failure to serve the ball over the net successfully.
• Ball-handling errors. Contacting the ball illegally (double touching, lifting, carrying, throwing, etc.)
• Touching the net with any part of the body while the ball is in play.
• When blocking a ball coming from the opponent’s court, it’s illegal to contact the ball when reaching over
the net if both your opponent has not used 3 contacts AND they have a player there to make a play on the
ball.
• When attacking a ball coming from the opponent’s court, contacting the ball when reaching over the net is
a violation if the ball has not yet broken the vertical plane of the net.
• Crossing the court centerline with any part of your body is a violation. Exception: if it is the hand or foot. In
this case, the entire hand or entire foot must cross for it to be a violation.
• Serving out of rotation/order.
• Back-row player blocking (deflecting a ball coming from the opponent) when, at the moment of contact, the
back-row player is near the net and has part of his/her body above the top of the net. This is an illegal
block.
Back-row player attacking a ball inside the front zone (the area inside the 3M/10-foot line) when, at the
moment of contact, the ball is completely above the net. This is an illegal attack.

EXPLAIN

Instruction: Answer the following questions below.

1. What are the duties and responsibilities of the first referee?
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2. How important the duties of the scorekeeper?
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3. How helpful the duties of the line judges to the referees?
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4. What are the duties of assistant scorer?
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5. What are the duties and responsibilities of the second referee?
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6. How important the basic volleyball rules and the basic volleyball rule violations in playing volleyball?
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TOPIC SUMMARY

• Volleyball officials are the first referee, second referee, scorekeeper, assistant scorer, and line judges
have their own duties and responsibilities respectively.
• Official hand signals are the following Authorization to serve, Team to Serve, Change of Courts,
Time-out, Substitution, Misconduct Warning/Penalty, Expulsion, Disqualification, End of Set or match,
Ball not tossed or Released at the service Hit, Delay in Service, Blocking Fault or Screening,
Positional or Rotation Fault, Ball “in”, Ball “out”, Catch, Double Contact, Four Hits, Net Touched by
Player/Served Ball Fails to Pass to the Opponent through Crossing Space, Reaching Beyond the Net,
Attack Hit Fault, Penetration, into the Opponent Court, Ball Crossing the Lower Space or The Server
Touches the Court (end line) or the Player Steps Outside Hitter Court at the Moment of the Service
Hit, Double Fault and Replay, Ball Touched, Delay warning/ Delay penalty, and Substitution.
• Basic volleyball rules and the basic volleyball rule violations must know in playing volleyball.
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REFERENCES

BOOKS:
• Doris D. Tulio, Ph.D., Ma. Liza A. Bueta, D.P.A., Estelita F. Sarmiento, M.A., Josephine B. Battung,
M.A., Team Sports (P.E.4), Copyright by Katha Publishing Co., Inc.
• Doris D. Tulio, Physical Education 4 for College, Published by National Book Store, Philippines
• Edgar C. Jimena, Ball Sports for Fitness, Philippines Copyright 2006 by rex Book Store, Inc.

ONLINE SOURCE
• 2012-2015 NFHS volleyball Signals for Referee (R1) produces by Zoni – You Tube. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xdGyAvtqE-w Retrieved 16 March 2021.
• The Art of Coaching, LL. Retrieved on August 12, 2020 at
https://www.theartofcoachingvolleyball.com/basic-volleyball-rules-and-terminology/
• Strength and Power for Volleyball. Retrieved on August 14, 20202 at https://www.strength-and-
power-for-volleyball.com/volleyball-
officials.html#:~:text=Volleyball%20officials%20that%20make%20up,members%20of%20the%20offici
ating%20crew.
• United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee. Retrieved on August 14, 2020 at
https://www.teamusa.org/USA-Volleyball/SportKit/Players/Guide-to-volleyball-basics/Official-Hand-
Signals