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    7 views14 pages

    Parar Timata

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    Menelaos

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 14
    TIAPAPTHMATA ETOPIKO ¥) HE KAT ANATNOPIZHE XAAYBON ONAIZMOY EKYPOAEMATOX A Einevon Kar avayvpron qu) fov. Méyp1 10 1969 nov exBdOnKs 10 Euponaix6 Tpéruno BU 80-69 spay oF tox orm nope pas ot Biaskkers tov Kavoviopoo ov 1954 "Tia my Madémy xat Bexddeaw Onobopnny Epyov e& Gxdopévov Exvpodénacos’, nov Sootelnes oro DEK 160A, 1954. Ms Bion avtés 1c Kavovioinés Starékaxs fray Suvari n RapayoryA Kat xpfion Aelaw paf\bav Karmroplas St J, Aeiaw fj veupdoeig eammyopiag St Ilka kat St IVa kar povo pe vevpdooers kar roptsv St IN xax St IVP (vex 1), Zens Biardgers vov Kavoriopod woo 1954 Sev vniipzs apOPAsyn ria Buixpion TOY StapopenKdy KarMyOpIAY ywhsfov oxhioHod oxvpobéuaros (K.0.E) je veupooeis pe Aion my Btiraky tay vevpdceay, xu Snag xpoavagépOnke Frey Buvari Kat m muperyori Kat zpHon StapopenKdy Katyopuby Aelov xadiPov. ‘Me tiv supénion tov Hporixov BU 80-69 ra xpimm gopé napovorderar kat xaduepdverat 0 tpomos ciavens Kat avaqvipions Tov Siapoperixdy Kamyopioy X.OE., te xopas xm me jovébag xapayortic tovs. Me cay Snapén eviaxppevey veuphoosa pe Buapopennc SiiraEn, Gnas gaiverm ora Pyfqara.1 at 2, yverat m Sxéxpron cay Sragopeninxy _xarmyoptby Kat raved xpove vRodSvera Kay Evapén averHopions MIS ZbpAs KAI Ts Novas ROpEYOTHS. H avayndpion me tavrbentig 100s rivera iow evbs ovorhatas KavonIKSY xhéyoY vevpioeo aviye9E oF enorEveS mAéyes veopdaers nov ouiifohiZovy 560 apo; excvaAapfiavopevous Ké8e 1,0m nepixov, ov pia. ceips tov RapEAAT OV ‘veupdoeav ms pEBSov. O npdros aprOyds werakS 1 xat 4 Bifave ty xtpa nopayaric, ev © Bettepos apOnss, Sfove ™ povésa nopayeriic. Zrov Tivaxa 2 avagéperat 0 api®bc tov veupdaeay. nov cvpohiter en xhpa mapararg He Ps tO ‘BU 80-69. Me ta pla Nouéy Stagoperict neBla. veupdrodav aviqiecs. ae evioxupéves (neBia A, B, C) vaiioxs n SréKpion Kamyopiag Kai 1 évape ams orplavons axd to ReBlo A, n averrupton ms ZopaG Rapaywr"ic axd to nebfo B xm 1 ‘evaywipion tov napayoy06 and to neSlo C. Enncxbverat 6x to'ev Abyeo Tipérono avageporav as xshoBes ovyKOIAoyons ‘uné npotmoféaats Kai Sey efys Kavéva neplopiond ory AUN} Shot Tov ApdT6vrOG. Tapspoto *pbxo ofjwavons mE poviibas xm mg xOpag napayamis KuPSptie Kut 10 npérvno DIN 488/72. To 1985 exbiBera v0 Tipéroxo EU 80-85, ro onolo aveixodioré 10 EU 80-69. To véo Tipéruno avapéperat povo os avproddrjoions xéhufes, xamoplas FeB400 xat FeBS00. Or S60 avibs xammyoptes zahifiov averrapltora and to Buapopenikd rp6no BidraEns av Veopeas.ov, Gag gatveran kat'ovo Fafa 3. Exot kadepdverat RAEDY 0 spbnog SxéKprons ‘mug Rammropias va yiverar ax6 7 SiagoperiK SuivaEN tov vevpGoea Kat Op axb vo neblo A, vo onofo Braver THY EvapEN “mg ofwuavons Kat 1a ng 660 xarryfoples, Zam ves avef &xBoon tov BU 80-85 avagéperaa whéoy Kut o KeobrKbs apiOpds 8 71a ‘ayy EAba pak ys my Toopxta BAéxs Ivan 3). _Aiyovs wives pty efye avadempnQei xax v0 DIN 488/84 10 onolo exion avapépera cs cuyxcthijoqiong xtcoBes Kemyopiag BSt 420s xan BSt 500s us nupdpoto spdno Bisping tov S60 Kammyopidy (BARE Ly, 4). Ayo apy6repa, to 1987, xapovondCovem xMéov Kat 1a Go EXAnvit npérona EAOT 959 kat EAOT 971 ex rov onoiey ro nev mpdro aveitera. we to BU 80-69 ag npos nig kummroples vov gGASPov (S220, $400, $500) nat avapéperat o& X.0.Z. UpKoAsjomiovg ind RpotRoBéox, vo Be Beitepo we to BU 80-85 nov avapéperat ois KarAPOplas ovyKOAAoHaY XO, ‘8400s Katt $5006. Avorugsc, Kat ora 560 EXavieé Lpérona, ev yiverar avapopé omy vroypéaon Tov napayay08 us Sragoperind tpéxo fyiavons tov xampoptdy X.0.E. Sev xadopiCerat 0 18 mm. Milvaxas? Tavronoinen x6pe5 napeyoriig o6ppava ne EU 80-69. “Api pic Kavovixdy veophoeoy peraks apis XOPA Kat exdpeyns evrozopémns vebpooys Tepnavia 1 Béimno, AovkeupoOpro, OMhavbta. z Tenia 3 Toone, 4 Tiivoxas3 Tavtonoten xopuc mapayeryis o6npava pe EU 80-85. Xara ‘ApiOyds Kavorindw veupdacoy wevdeD opatig aut exdyevm eviozonemys vetipoon Tepper a 1 Bano, AovéeuBobpyo, ONAavela. 2 Tate 3 Tata 4 HEB, Iphaveia 3 Aavig, whavdia, NopBrryia, Eounsia 6 TloproraAa, Tonavie. 7 EiAdba, (Toupeta) 8 Tivaxas-4 Tums zainncts ovvOéserc, spinor xuparerrig xox neplosor zpijons Suégopay KarayopiGy X.0.2, A Teptobos Karnyopla Torch nice o6rOcon, ‘Tobxos aeiions ad C% Mn% | Site Ve mupayorris | (Aexueries) St14s220 | 008-012 | -050 ‘| -0.10 - £00"6 Sem¥s400_| 030.040 | 080-10 | 020.030 2 160 éor."90) Su $4005 |. 0.15 | 0,60-1,00 | 0,15-030 : sorts 90 Sul dw/Goc | 010-015 |_-050_ | =0.10 . 160 & "70 Stivisso0_| 035-040 | 100-120 | 020.030 | 0,b2-0.03 seoic'90 SIV 58500 | 040-045 | =1,20_ | 020-030 2 sont "90 SHIV 4S 500s | 0,18-020 | 1,00.1.20 |_ 020.030 | 0.04-0,09 ssorc'90 StIV4S 500s | 0,15-020 | 0,60-1,00 | 0,15.0.30 < sorts 90 Bayt: OB-X. Cappy Chay O.E-0, Gepit aon we ev ip Bepjt xaopyaota WK(PK, AKL) Yoxpi karepyaota (ye oxi us oxpéym) 34 TiivaxasS Keodncot aprOnot ofnavons ENavexé war Sever Bropnronrey. ela | Kodwot XGpa Bropaygavia, Thaparnpiioess apidnot_| _napayoric Ty) 8-6 Ga KAAYBOWPTIEH 2 8-14 EMaba ‘EIAENOP -| a | 8 Baia EAAINIKH RAAYBOVPTIA 7 ee Baa XAAYBOVITIA OBEEAAIAE ran er Baba SIAENOP COVED) : 7 | 86 Wiis HBTAAAOYPIIKEXAAYY ev waple ev TY] 4s Tea TERALPLSIDERURGICA + | 47 Teale FERRIERE NORD 7, 49 Tale OFFICINE ETON. GALTAROSSA 0 | 4-15 Teale TRALTLUIGE it [4-36 Fale ‘ALFA ACGIAL |) 5-4 | WBaoties. “ALPHA STEEL oe Peppa as ie | 8:7 Toop TODAS is = “Toop COLAROGLU om 16 5 Foopida TAS TciR* 7 5 Toop HABAS We ie | 8-7 “Toopta | EKINCILER DEMIR VE CBLIK SANAYT B : Mosapia 7 MOLDOVA* Bo [1-1 | Ovepavia KRIVOROZIISTAL +" Yriproy avephuga wa ovonela avrd xtiva om pap. ++ Avel pa enogopévec rhicnes venpdaets undipzovv KouKiBes névo oe KavOVIEO 55 6 méxous veuphoes, ETT Ephwal XGupac xurnyoptas FeB4O EU 80-69 ZEqhwa2 Xevpas earmyoplas FeBSO EU 80-69" — —> come —> : TIL IZIZTAZ AAAS WAAAY WAAAY Ni Eada 3 Xéansipes kaniyoplas FeB400 xa FeBSO0 ofypove ne EU 80-85 : Lo — — —_. —> \VAPAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVA) AAA A\AN WAAAY Zafina 4 Xédvfies warmtoplas BSt420s Kar BSt 500s Kavé DIN 486-84 Linas Enpdvoers xédvPa kacnyoplas $ 400 ¥ SHITE 56 Dpina 6 Edrwoxédopiag Kaenroptas S 400 ¥ StI 4 ne TSS SSS- i TIFFF}- ena Cypwdvors xeovpa S $00 4 St1V Epinas Lipavon x6dvpa s 400s Lysine 9 LapGvorrs x6dvpa xarnyoptag S 500s H St1V st TAPAPTHMA 2 (Tinpogoptax6) : XHMIKA ETOIXEIA TOY AEEMEYOYN TO. AZOTO FT gipTe rérowe avin oyeuxt ye ty vroonutoon va’ aprOysy 1 20v Mvaxa 35.1-1 Aev Simoagnvieran exaxpipiog 1 berm exrperdyomxeprexxexSmyra.aGérov Suey cvvundipyovy atoxela nov 10 Beojcbovy xe ple, Ber avigépervat te Fores or. H épeve set Gokba 6m xa oxoysa nov Seoyebowy xo Gato, xéo0 kant my ybrewH bo xen kasd my OepHt Son cov shisha, svar ta ororeia tov opdav IVA (Vi, Zs, HD, VA (V, Nb, Ta), xa II (B, Al) rov Tlepodead ZoprilaeoG rab ering xat co W. Elva exions qwact® 6x vo exinbo SahvrSryras tov aLBrov otoy ype qinBi. sokines, Son augive:n avyRévipwcn roy ev Royo ovo. To xoooaté rov BeaevOperoD at Srov ox6 xa crane att Zong we zo prEN10080-199 to uéyoro rehind ros0ots roo alfrov gape ry Umupey oxorslaw novo Bosjebeee oan AN 8 140 pom. Tipopavis ro nénoro avs6 novoots uZérou ynnpei vu Pploxera oe Buihvon orovs xéexOvg ToD 74400 ‘opis neparctpo xpopikjpava ons pgavixtstBibmqres Tov xpolbvtoG. Diaperro vnchorltovra o nénotes nepexxaciryos s0 afrov orev yéAvBa, Becpevpvou nap, yu ve xAEoy enact Sr 0s Al (oprOuo 5 chouxine), B (Bépx), ¥ (Bavédio), Nb (rf) sa Th (eee). To Zr (pono) evrph Cahoronol rier ee Uae eopeirera: ext napovnie utcepa mpofnata omy zirevon wv gEdopa. Or PaateraHol rove jam. pon mis exavaEpnavons tov yyerrGy, SyAabh sIV @ctencoroiton, waNpvovelduon Kat Seon Gacy, Zax Geppoxpactas aves (1127°C F400 K reptxov) xa yerSpeva SudrSmyeas orov oavevien ¢-Gon) elite [AN (%N}=1,0 104 - 12-1) be xpotby to AIN, eat ya evBecruc tf m7, 0,040% Alm toopponta dive xeplnov 25 ppm. [BBIISNI=1810° (2-2) ‘ne mpoliv to BN, xat ia evBeneri yx, 20 ppm B n rooppontaBiver 90 ppm N. [&VIIGN]=23.107 (2-3) {He mpolby to VN, ear yt evBeura} ryt 7, 0,10% V 9 opponiaSivet neptnov 230 pjma N. {®TI(%N]=1,310% 2-4) enpotby r0 TIN, rat ya evBexsruc ei x:¢ 0,03 % Tin soopponta Svat noptnow 0,5 ppmN. [aNd] mN]=35 10% 12-5) He mpoiby to NON, xat y1a, evSenceect Th 0,05 % Nb 1 woopponia Stvei nepinov 70 ppm N. [oN] [%C}"" [HN]**=2,3 10° 12-6) prego 7 NOG) Hs crop oborton NOC: Nas, Kat Tu ovBeuccn i m7. 005 % Nb rwopponia Btveneptrow BiSixbrepa: (Mb a cronsonstple ms ardlipuon; exraxpiysnons tov AIN quiver én 1 KéGe 001% Al-oroy Fe Fp tnRovet neptzov 0.0052 % N ¥ 52 ppmN, xen ov optov tay 0,04 % Al Beojebovra zepteov 208 ppm, Ponodlrovras Ge xa xa 140 ppm N tov exspénoveas va undipzou aBEoysote ovov 48d0a Tepls spOPNIen one Imisvants BiSrnres, oupepatveras 6x to Gero yixopal va gOGoct ta enieBa tov 0,0348%4 348 pom Nnaxors whee, pOIGY 7 0.04% Al max. * Otoiag aide ppm B Scouser nepinoo 1,3 ppm N, onée ra wéypt 29 ppm B max vo foro prope va g0doet x8 eniba ‘a 0,0165% N ¥ 165 ppm N (254140 ppm N), : * rpsaraxmmuvice neptzov 29 ppm N ru wide 0.01% Ti. Env api n Séanevan tv affnow anb 0 to ye fy Exon ard m orc mie xtevons sov sivfa pe oxorthoonn to Al va ‘malgel neploostepo Toy pore tou arotesbenco6 aapk ms Béqucvons rov atorov. Tw bra xoaoars 0.03% Tin ovyevepaon wo» aborov cho select ‘mpotbv juxopet va pOdcet ca 0,023% N 1} 230 ppm N. * Trspnttucpnyet 27,5 ppm N yt xis 0,019; xa exp cov exaxéBon ro 0,1%V popotv vu Seopeutoby péype xan sre RAN H wopponta Suns, aGuocva we my eEzaan (2-3) Segre Sun karaxpiien VN clvatrpancé abivey ODT OTe: N Erunovpria VN yiverax ovsagrm oe aarpStepes Oephoxpaales, qAabH orev ee, Frovs TOO°C (073K), mea véa ovv0}n toopporiag we obugava pe tov ron: 58 {4} [@N]=8,1 107 (n12-7) + Brot ria wa enineba next tov 0,1%V eAéysora ppm N yixopoty va untipowy Btahopéva. Kar’ aviby oY xpéno, 7a repuexnxdmyres Bavabion ory nepiog vey 0,1% V 4 xepiercxdmyra of N inopel va. elvan yéypt Kat 0,042% Ni 420 ppmN. Tia to Nb (Mic), 9 KasaKpfnvion vupibioy tov evar axéyn mio xohimAoKy KaOSoov empeliveras Kot and mY ‘eaTaxpfinnioy oiverav Hopgdv xapBovrspibiay NU(C.N). H xaraxpruvion riverat o« vynAorepes DeppoKpaciec ovoY coreviey, Tevint Spars gatveran éui.ria nopuecuixéemtes 0,05%Nb epinov, xo aro juropel va Bploxetat ova exineba, ‘ro 0,022% N 220 ppm. Ot avorépa SepHoduvayuKot rexnpiopoi emPeBaxdvovrar kat axb ahevpl avquunig. Fa xa. oxorsia ext6s tov favablov o oxnHaMOHds vUpIBlaY copaivEL.cto¥ aorevim as vyTAstépes UeppoKpooies. H raxtimyta GiézvoNs TaY eToYEOV ave KM ‘Tov atorov oToY 1-Fo eivato pryaviontc nov eAéyyet THY avElBpaon, O ouvEEAseric Suxzbaeas 190 abfnov ovOV 7-Fe GvOUs 150°C (1323 K) civar D= 2,12 10" miisec. Axéyn xat ia peyGAoug Kxkovs @orevim, me thems tov 300 jm, 0 anattobpevos xpSvog 7a mH SiéxvoN tov abdtov and to KEvipO evs KOKKOD ota Spd tov diveTat aKS TY RpogErOTIKA oxgon: r= E10). 2-8) ‘at soosrat xpos 4,5 min, xpbvog enupaiis 1a va copfet to gawSyEv0 ovo gobpve evarvpaxrdouNs. . Tua 10 Bavédio, n xuraxpiyevion yiverat ovov a-Fe sn ore ms Oepptg EAaong Kikvo and rovg 700°C (973 K), Grav quarks Exar iiin Ber xdipa n exdérrovon KbRKay Royo ung yLawurig KasaASMONE Tov VAIKOD ad mm HeyEAN yeKoon THE BeTOHs Sault meyer emery nace ee tena ere ee hen pine D2 a AKOyM KaL 116. neyovg KoKKovs yeppim, ms Tike Tov 50 ym (qu peKpoKpapaTIOREVOUS 9 anartobpevos xpSv05, “purty bcv0n w00alorov ond to Kevepoevbe KSxOU ova GptétoO ov Slesot and my npooeryichoyéon (12-8) woeret pos 655 see, apdovos as na va cup To PaAvoLEvo KaTt mn SudpKeUs THe Bepyig Raion. Bipizorpagla 1, D.B.Bvans-R.DPeblke, Trans. TMS-AIME, 1964, vol. 230, ocA. 1651-1662, nat 1965, vol. 233, och, 1620-1624. 2. ZMorita-T-Tanska-T.Yanai, ‘Equilibria of Nitride Forming Reactions in Liquid Iron Alloys', Met. Trans. B, vol. 18B, 1987, ced. 195-202, : ‘PD.Deeley, K.A. Kundig, H.R. SpendelowJr., ‘Fecroalloys & Alloying Additives Handbook’, ShieldAlloy-Metallurg. Alloy Corp. New York, 1981. 4. elie, ‘Phypicil Cheinistry of Liguid Steet’, in Blecttic Furnace’ Steelmaking, Ed. C.R. Taylor, ISS-AIME, 1985, cei. 15." i . : 5. M.Vergauwens, Nitrogen in Steel’ Heracus Elocto-Nite, 1996. 6." Reed il, Physical Metalhingy Principles’, 2d Ba, D,Van Nostrand, oc 346, 7, Bit:Turkdogan,'Causes and Bffects of Nitridé and Carbonitride precipitation in HSLA steels in relation to continuous ‘casting’, Steelmaking Conf, Proceedings, ISS, 1987, vol. 70, ch. 399-416. MEAshty ~D.RiiJones, “Enginoering Matetals, 2nd B4,, Butterworth-Heinemain, vol. 1, 1996, oA. 184. 9. Smithells Metals Reference Book, 6th Ed., Butterworths, 1983, o€2. 12-14 éimg 12-16. 10, Guy Hien, “Elements of Physical Metallurgy’, Addison Wesley, 3rd Bd, 1974, oe. 454. 11. MGunziger-P-Wile, “The Production of High Quality Reinforcing Bar Steels at Fesrowolen AG/Switzerland’, Union ‘Carbide Deutchland GmbH, Dusieldorf, Germany. 59 APAPTHMA 3 (Inpooopiax6) : PAATENEPTEIA 1 Toroptns Onag sivar yvaors, n xprion ms pabievépyeras a6 nohés epappoyés (epavrmrikéc, Siayvooriktc, Oepansvikés, teqvonoyiKés, oxpauionncée) Set avkdet ie oAnariderg prdpods nant cic ceheveatec, 560 Soxares. H xpnoworolyon texymndy padevepyioy vkiKdy Kadtarer ofytepa oxEd5v Shoug sovg rojieic ms avOphmvng SpaotpOmtac-and THY Rupayaryi| mMAaxepinris. evépyeiag (RupnyiKot oruQHol), my Stéyvoon Kas Oepaxcia aoDeverd (moprvext taxprKi), Tc. epapHoyés oY feo sat Rojayeva ufo. evdbvons ea aapexmirayod vhs, ws explians oerwase Wepre) és Ko ‘Rparcuxts epappoyés THs KaOnLEpIis Coric (avrxveutts KaxvOb), H evpbrary zpqsyoroijon tov tepmréoy padtevepydy ukiKGy extds and ty Oerixérar oUpPohs tous omHY sEEMER tov ToxviKod ROAITIGHOS, size, dna elvan yaoT, TOAAEs apyanIKEs enueTaex; oTOY topEa Ts avOpdmINns VYEIaG, RPoEpLOHEVES uve ax oop, asap a pep pops fn, 4 xa ans ave BEF HG 2x6 ros spies ped my Min ng asroupis x00G. Tlapé ca AapBavspeva. pérpa ond tovg eOvikods gopels céyzov tow pabtevepyav myay, elvat dvaxdpevKm 1 abuvayia. ‘sins deren ms ops Basin, ans ra axippyis ow eaoroan ein a eval zp Neyo ‘tov paySalev kowavcorohinny @XAayGV ous xtpos ms avaTehatis Bypdmne, evs 7 xpogatn Suprig enxeipia uxtBexke Rees, mies teppei ote cre Goapciyces opus ited Sabon eneu (HULA Bpeara, POA, ‘Yrokoriteras ém nepioossepes axd 2.000.000 pubieveprés amrés roneyoronivea opera yao So wor wlan, E6ppeva pe pespradels exryt}oers eovdéqorov 40 - 50 mnyéc xkvovea nie zp6vo Te mst gow pur oro cat a opto CD, (U), pbi0 (Ra), Q6pro (Th) Kar Kédv0 (K), evd ova Raowxérepa, ‘pts posed rosa oped éqora a tlan (c) wee (Co epepiva (AnD, pire) ea opr ($0). % HW pabevépyed orm Propnzavia xérvBa Hoavetthercm andppiyn padievepyov mydy i/Kas axofkijrov Sxusovpyet kari ta teAeveaia 10 Em mpoiAtwara otis Prourmaviss xéAvpa xar iialtepa on. awwBoupries avaxthaong rchatonbiipon (eAvBoupties nov zpnSIHoFOWOY Bekins rupvons sf) ‘To xpoBAnua evronivera omy mOavimyta, Core Kat nipa ROAD prKph, dmapins pubtevepyoy roy nadarooiinpo, ye mBavé exaxéhovla may éxeon tov epyatopevay oe KivBuve, Kaiis Ka THY mopOvO‘G puberiproas me ole ieee eee wy Eas Ta xpdiea xeproranné avigrevons pabievépretas o¢ xuhmociinpo ejpaviemsay oto xéhos mg Somsriug two ‘80 o aetspoupring var HvoyEvay Hokey wat, BovBlg, ea ayopobonrpadivepr apne ab ey npey Eat - Evan. 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