SETTING oor SIMPLE CIARcvULAR CURVES —S Settiey out ao curve meang locating Narioug, Pointe at capt Of Convirient distances oliog the fengen OF the curve. %* The distance between two any Successive Prnts i colled Peg wrterval Simple uurves * The method of Setting out are bro, clossifed o& i) Lene methods a) hstvumental methede. oF Arg ulor methods iit) ‘ G) Linear methods :- Im the Wneor methods , oly a chan o¢ ‘tope i@ used * Livear methods ave used When hgh dag of ocewracy ‘& oot veal or when the Curve ig Short Folioong ave the Method of the Linear metho! for Setting out Simple bereuilee carves @) ey offsets or ordinates Hom the ong chord (i) y perpendiculor offsets fem tangenty¢ (ti) Radial offaete fem the tangents Ww) ey Guccessne bvigecton of orce W) By céfsete fem chords produced or deflecton distonce method Ci) Trgirumentel methods or Angolor mettods % Ip the method, A ‘Mstrument Guch os the -heodolitte i& used with or usthout a chain or tape ORDINATES FROM LONG CHoRD OR OFFSETS FRom LONG CHORO@ © rffed Ordinate Ae Log Cherd = Q uch AB cad BC he dwo tan vente melfng al a ferro, wth @ deflection “4 b. The Fellewing put que Curve.— dela or Calealate few aaling 1 he —feamgent leat y Caltalated aceerelong to the Aernla . TLE R tor gh Des em goints T) fT ot maker, a. “Tang f Cure — CLE aR” 2, “a 150° 4: mt chaiaage T & Ts or sfound ot - B Lenglh she "4 Choed CL) ey 2 aR Aaiod : = b+ Here, He | bed mm Auvidef tate hve ral bolves oe lett half & +r right aff Hehe athe — Caruet green ig Chath te. WAS - \Let @- Rade of the Curve Q = mid ordinate Ox + Ordinate ot distance x fem th frid. poiert of the chord Ti and y= ent pots he ayer d i- Is chord. octal Measured By the Ffovrd Bisect the tong crenk ot point “P’ fem the trorgle ON*D (or. )* = Gol, wot 2 RO: (4)* + ( - oo)" APs (Et (B- o)? (R-oo) = (RB) - (4)° RO = Tay ay Q- R- Tere %* Ty order 40 calculate the ordinates ‘ox! to ony Point "E', Draw the bine EE’ parallel 1 tthe erg chord “Tit, Tein ‘eo! to wt log chord act 'G* * Then o, = EF - E'oOx - Eo — 00 = J (Eoy- (Ge )* - Go-co) (By - (x - (R-o%) © Set out the Simple Creve by ordinates fom tre Long chowd joke the feng of the tong et ” S terval. howd bos 80 ordinotes at Pa intervals, of mM and Versed Sine of 4m. x %° ®- [ar (eye ‘Ato. “28 Ley ry torent TT Dy (Bay = Br 40% On Oe On eA OM. att 4*—a(ad(s) = R407 P+ 1G- BR = B- \e00 BR = 1600 +1C BR = 14616 On = JA GY -(R- 0.) =} Gor = GoY- (203 - 4 ) - Yaosos— 99 - 1983 “A pee The Cay unc gg esclinades, long Chor anced: J d ‘J Maal mee @eeb AB & BC be wo 7 nt aie | pest ‘Beith effector @ the “Tan ent Jegth % ote Bren tha usu) PobhnDa , ond prints GE ane marked | edhe ercund with — pey>* | Cy “he BP te [ep chor TTs t& Cakuleof fe ot 3 fren . The fen Chee 7 acl Porat nf. he Canwd/ will be ams —Cl on both siefes of ‘m" G @ The onclinafes ant cape ated Pee the left half of come nagufar ee pears bth ane masked wi rey afeng the 1% ched J aSt, Aadiond’s Oh, 05,0, @re Caloulaf ? Prom the ] wesc femula - perpentealians ane xef bad of peials 1,2, +» The Cafeulated oredinades OD], Orr O3 ielend ried afong “these popeanentes SF OnE mmaaked cirth and poorl® Pu Pot ts . Psy 6: To the te rf] half, ‘Peiails ee) ond he Corxespenting. evdmales 1 aw reaqakedf tod y ane ef out to enok the points Te qe AN Frege por Roe b one. goned oer wr fread te Ahow He “thape Bf tha (Cure alleng fhe alygomect- wf Pe peopeats @&) offset For cheed| Parducee t~ ted, de sree Tenget Ty 2 first wh pent fi 6 pvey port ra) Curve: TIC a TPF ps miet’s boy 2 vive cheval « Ce =) F Lise offee| - Ze T ?, o (er rsadian) <7, 08 = ax (is radian)r © the ondianfes dev jhe rlght happP anc Sinton ' ynese obtarned for re Y pot} half. get e -Te0 Ty ens AB & Be jatensect at a pormt at Chainagel tee om, Cofcalate ale the mene data fre vedi per a crvenlare Carton of readies Jeo def fechos) agile Bo a” meted cf effects Fem ‘a Chere). ® 30 i ALL. sl / 1% Og Op 0 O \ KF { x sas Here p= 230, Reloom. Om ed Hengtne ain & : joo X -fan [h> eH chaos’ of Te | TERE BE ras @ one 7 - 2 sh Bem © Login of oF cher 21 = an smd £ a lwo x Sm 20 oeoy The Le Chord) ny divided? joe “He Cqunt holfs - Foch half - 3% a ee ea ©) mid esdioate «= Q -Ro- (Ey ‘ joo —y) joo" (235 3. Y4)m- Hee groinapes, ene Cafeatafed of 5) ~then sm raterwed gland farm Is. Centre Powrrels The left f. aa tes Os Via PH ) = fan 8 - (la 3-41) > 3mOx - Eo — 00 = J (Eoy- (Ge )* - Go-co) (By - (x - (R-o%) © Set out the Simple Creve by ordinates fom tre Long chowd joke the feng of the tong et ” S terval. howd bos 80 ordinotes at Pa intervals, of mM and Versed Sine of 4m. x %° ®- [ar (eye ‘Ato. “28 Ley ry torent TT Dy (Bay = Br 40% On Oe On eA OM. att 4*—a(ad(s) = R407 P+ 1G- BR = B- \e00 BR = 1600 +1C BR = 14616 On = JA GY -(R- 0.) =} Gor = GoY- (203 - 4 ) - Yaosos— 99 - 198= aoirsa- 98 0, = 3752 m Qo = 201-90-198 = 207 O30 = 1, 15q Mm Ao t Ow Og + 371SaMm On = ZOOT -m Gy Setirg out Simple circuler GAVE OY the methd of oftects fom F ynethod OR deflecten diatanee v= aoirsa- 98 0, = 3752 m Qo = 201-90-198 = 207 O30 = 1, 15q Mm Ao t Ow Og + 371SaMm On = ZOOT -m Gy Setirg out Simple circuler GAVE OY the methd of oftects fom F ynethod OR deflecten diatanee vTS Method i “yy much useful for bong Curves and ig gent used on highooy Guvves then the theddpute iS not avoiloble, * bet TA, * TA 2, initial Sub chord =c, €,B,0 ave the points, on the Curve % Then PB= Second chord = G3, BO=Cg * TIN = Renae tangent x ATA = S = deflecken onge of Frat chord * AA = 0, = Fiat offset By B= 0, = Second offset TO = 0, + Thed offset * Now ore A879 = TAS ——O Bince TV iS the tangent at the circle at 7, [mon = a LATA =.26 TA = BIS S = TA Sube ttutng the \ialua of ‘s wn en om get Are AA = 0, = TAS = TA TO rR « &ay 2RTo order to oletan the Valus of Seumd offiy Os for arting the pont @ gn the wHrVe drow o tongent AG, 4 the une ot A 49 cst the veor torgent ot a’. Tin TA ard Prolong oto pint By Such that AB, = AB -Cy . Then OF GG Ae frem the algove eqpakion (o- s . the offset 6,5 fem the tongent fe, 8S ae a 78 Ayrin lear, = La'an, [ opposite ovale] Bree 7,0’ ond AM an both forgets, ty Oe ep pol wn langth. ‘ Are 88, = ABLxXS = As Gulosttuting the Vola of § fem e"@ weyBie = aS 7a Ta 2A Bs, = Sas Pry ove BS = BB, + BB = Gc, 5 TY ue oF e (e+es) ae 0008 gang Sienilorly the third offtet Oo Oa = & (crea) * The last or n™ offset ie ge “4 On = Se (eon >) 18t chord 18 a Sub chord, * Generally we ert of length “eo” and the intermetiote ase. vorrmal chords , Sy of ao sthe formula chorda that case the akove MO xa 18 reduced ~ «ot hs Bc) bw Z Cave) : S O% = ay +0) n= £ (Cc) © wo ‘tangents wwtersect at a choinoge SIV +@, +the deflecton angle boeing S030’, Colewlati the Recessary date Rr Settog ou O Gurye OF SF chains radius {D0 Connect the two tongenti if it i@ intended to Set out the tune & offecte fiom the chowd s Produced. “Take peq interval = 100 Gabe, hore Of the chan beng som = (00 Unk. ° oy Given». Chainogs of PT = 5q sco Deflecton ore (A) = soa! R-is chane = isx 99 = 200 ra Fntervals = 100 like = 20% Length of the chain = 20m =100 Unks@ ald procedure toe sling affeed Se Q Suppose An and BE Gre Te te 4s, cod" due pemt ef jalersection Cri lous). @ % cae fia fengend Lengthy , pomtst, © Ta, ore nase] Ho gromdeesth P. @ the cove length in Cal eslajed, and then He Chamege of y qs T, ore fron]. oul: © the len His af the anifial ans finaf hubeherdy and +e 7 of felt cherels ore elefer aed - © -the affsets fe fre Drh'al Lubelord , full chrd, Geano| final “gub-cherd ore Caleulaled. @ -The distane T)Q % enarrleed along -}ta year ent AG co that TO A equal ten Hee Driefiel sub-ched- @ the Bro end of feo Lape held att cane} of acorns T4 draws frm Hae ouk Carve 4 mPa on AoC Git | a distance Cf, coef off as te fied- offset (0))- aye extended by G distene @ -the Lae THR % PCa, woich A the Seemed ch Chl)Oter sthe veo cod of sa dope TF Hel CH Py and an arc of rsacflous Fey vs evan Ber -lre orc, «alt stance (Pp pe Cut off ax ite cocend wpfsel (Op). © -rsp press ee Comfimpued —eanfatt the cerent -langent pom “T; yp reached , © he | ast al chedel Gmiadee with ae 7 f vt foes mot | he aqrmount of exvor 7 ou] , of fre emer lage , tee entire ele “phot be wep .ot hs Bc) bw Z Cave) : S O% = ay +0) n= £ (Cc) © wo ‘tangents wwtersect at a choinoge SIV +@, +the deflecton angle boeing S030’, Colewlati the Recessary date Rr Settog ou O Gurye OF SF chains radius {D0 Connect the two tongenti if it i@ intended to Set out the tune & offecte fiom the chowd s Produced. “Take peq interval = 100 Gabe, hore Of the chan beng som = (00 Unk. ° oy Given». Chainogs of PT = 5q sco Deflecton ore (A) = soa! R-is chane = isx 99 = 200 ra Fntervals = 100 like = 20% Length of the chain = 20m =100 UnksTTogent Length G) = B ton (4 Hk = Seton (= 30 ) 4,0 74.chaing x20 zr T= JALAS DO Leng th of the wrve UL) = TRA (so a 1 Bla x \G % Sd 30 igo ams charnege of PT = 34 +60 2 (saxa0 )+ Goro.) = yar Deduct the Tangent lergth (7) Wan - 1A. AB \oso, sa cheinage of PC = 105052 Aad \ergth of uarve () = 264.42 * Cheimege = 105052 + 26449 oF PT 314.94“The crninage of each Peg wilh be maltole of 290 G6s74 The lengin of the rst Sub chord = 1060 - \950.59 Lene of lagt Sub chord (£) c 131493 -\300 T F ois 9% 9 No of fui chords © 1300 —1060 20 Total number of chords \+ie+1 = 14 Lecgih oF ret ofteet 2 Be = q = TOUT (a4) — = 0.149 ® 2x 300 Lecgi of Second offeet mie (eee) = 20 ( . - Se [sas a0} 0.992 ©% = ce _ 207 ° 1a 2x 300 Gy = O6F 2 M+ J = SF B = Gey 300 = 33 0 Oy “ae Gee) On Cas maa) 2x 200 Oy O.8t ® Two ehciatite AB and Bc iwrtersecte at a aiadia of 4243 The on of Intergection 1% 140° tt iB weguihed, ~to Set out 5° curve 1 Connect the Shoignts , tebeulots AU the data necessor Curve bs +o Set out the the method of offsets tom the chord produced . Gwen the ra interval of am,ef) Successive Bisceten of tees — We) | exk af Bp’ {he deffeclion angle Gein q: she Vangel Jeng ih - Colelate4 “Vand fandl A peigts a erarked om -the a ue dh aa ~ Ir Aw ¢ RC Ge to den 0 of ee_|on chore| , which | pisecle| at ‘py. VAR perpenelteatlors 4 sof oak at Sp pemt ane} a diclace DP, Y Gt aff which, 2% equal to Hae verses ame of tty “eve. DD, = verse Sine of He Curve im RCs 2. m tv ferdis Td) * TD, pel senses log fe tro Cllves bel? T, 2 D, aul Tard DY» a. TB re len Chee 4. “the distancea TD, € TLD, 8 measured and bisee at cat. New, te Aictances CGR ER well be ut fo the verses] Sines of athe cmall curve which ™% given by —CG = EE = RCI-tes © q e the Calealated efi'clances cg > Puy are ciel off along -lho per pendi'ca lores drawsyal c €€ - ‘G (ep press B Cohowel ont lhe tse ef cheds i ot ea" pack prsible- “iver phe poms on the Curve Jo id qe hand + . 6) ise fen Togs +~ cffsct fon fengenls. sag he — Js meat d Rs Perperdrenler.e ted ws fale 4 poral y™ -[he vent anaes 4g such tel ~ \ TDF tel ~~, lee "Ie saclral apPfeet at D! er pert “pp yeone] HR Ate. corre’ ot cD ye Th yadiaf me. Now fers AT) OD - oy t WD = a) ope tee D (atom) = fete 2 [ofr = The Cl elate drstance™, cud off Pie C. aaa tiie * op pg tna fivst pom} of “te cawe” © sacrensmg te. value °F ae D ale. Q Dubbew of lets hese ore ced ofp along the respective eis Line> From fhe Langer! pemt “T, one half xf tie eave Can be gal owl: am furg Cade, He eff halt op te Curve Conte SA oda “? ’ tae half of (2 Cucwe” an Stl ou ‘om Tu of Ppemt “FE 1 “P nat Se ony el) “the other half of ho Cenve Con be set out form diw cocond ~len ent pert mB: led 4 port “>, be faker at 4 ol tae t) bom Tr: “The eeffsed ” ov vp then Calealake Gh 1O,2 Vt 2 the Calculated oltetance 0," % cef off aby tre vadral me “op, to set tee po "Py on de eve + hes Lac re acars value ef vi He rege q pactele Calculated on et off along -\hed-yr wespec ve vata’ mes to jet poms on the Curve fre We ight hol fs. per encfi'ca [er offeed tH GC) Aw 2 Re Le two tangents outny ad a pomt The “tengen| fengty Cleala ond He ten jen! peMds Ta T€ : oe “DB laken along the rear fangoul- fy * fe oe “a doom Ty LeV “Ox be He Meade offcet BED. te me EPx 3 dzaun parallel toT,D. elferce « CE =ROe OER, EHX: Fo AOEPL ; Bp, ERD + pe 2 > wea +(R-&) 7 ° “oy i ct ale © a essively saeco fto value af “a Q Ryular cemec Lf 7 A Sens ef offee Is Or oe Jed ned} thee Ge sel ouf alm dis dive poms perpencticuler ols ay cfyaergh <[he respec thas te left tal ef fra Grove rH sel onl foo 7 “p bb + tHe apex f. F) The etter half of te Cavey spl , ha ‘ Coenlertong che offset ‘o eer @ seyHength of Semnd offset - = c£+c Os = ie C j Fo Cane + a0) 2.x 200 0, = O.12 © Os. %- Oo. . a = (av) 2090 = 1,33 0 ¢ 2 5 = fesed 2R = 1042 ® [a0 + wars) 26300 Qa = BSO80 wm RANKINES METHOD OF TANGENTIAL ANGLES OB DEFLECT oN ANGLES ——____peflecten age ot ony pont on the turve is angie ot PC wetween the wack tongent ond ape chord Pe to that point. % Bonkine’s method %% bosed on the prneiph trot tne deflecten arate to ony port oma cwoslor Curve 1S mmeagured one helf the rem PC +0 Ang Substended by the ove thot point % Tt 1S asaumed thot the engi of the are \s opprossmotely epual to ite chordh. Tino tangents intersect at o choinage AQ+ +0 , the deflechen orgie bang 42° 40! coloutstr the necessary dota for an IS choms todus to Connect the method, offset “Toke. Pg yater val = loo outa cwuwe of tne 00 torgents “Y oy chords produced : Unks, Length of the chon eeng 20 Mm = (00 Gnks - o = chamage of P.I= 4Q+40 1 ao Deflection angie Ca) = 4 R= 15 chonsLex , The TWN = Rear tangent T, = Powt oF curve (Ac) §, $1,483 —= Targentiol ongie of angle with each of Successive chords T, A 8S, BC Mokes the respected rogers +o the curve ot T, 8, O--- 4, Ba D3__ . Totol fongental ongies of = *he deflection angles +o +the powts P,O,C--- @,,Ca, Ca = Lengths of chords 7,8, AB, BC Aa = Toogent 40 the curve at A From the property of crcle, NTA % + [ToaTOR So" ——— c. ~ WR on = ag, = yes wR S, = Qoc, sagrass TR S, - Qox Goc, —— Ss minute me ~ Vne9 a primes Sienslorty . Sa = TBS = parputen Sy: \neq <= minutter i In general A = eq where | c1m the length of the Chord, For the Firat’ chord Typ, the deflectien ongle - mts Hinges angle A, =8, For +he Secord powt @, Let the dleflecton avgle be A,Brce Sy = “aspects ongte for the chovd Ag [Pe = 2g [ATS = olf the ange Sulotended by AG ot the centte = Sy = 2& | Now, Ag = Whe jase + (ane Ds = §& +& As = 4, * 8 veniles ° “4 ds = 8 + Sy + Sg As- Ag, + Sy An = 6,484 -.. Sh be = dy. 4 So] Herse the deticcken ongle fr any chord 1S equal to the deflector a le fr the Previous chovch + “gett angle for thot chord . Sheets The deflect on angle of the long chord Van 2 tet & > where § \2 intersection orate or the external deClection angle for the cue.Bus of all the wdividual def lechoo Deg I eual tn hol? the deflector eH of 4he uurve. vit = As 7 4 Field notes :- The record of deflector o7 below format. les for Voriows Point iS Stoo in the [ es Two tangents ntergect ot a chanag2 IDO mM, Actual © the deflecten ang Theodotit: Remorks = boeing 18 calostate the necescary data +o $3 bop set curate Sipe ge oS ai Gavue of radius i ee oo “| 1 280m Rankine i matted: and “outst et he rentts pea vitervah 9D Least Lount of theodolib I < a0" | i v ongie Cs) 3 o { { chord | Targental 1 len. « Rant che |wo Teld_preefone =f Renkine metiod : @ cA /-Vhe 2|ncodeL te ~ «| He pal > Curove ty 71) @ Ap and pe On we eget inl seeking at Be The at Jength 2 Curtwe \enq My th ce Calutaled Goa dps’ poems TN 4 Tz, me ‘Tied. tne. reetial aad final ubcherela @ ~ the leihe of ane tte 0° of fall cherds Gre astevtoxnecl KS deflection angle a phe cherds Ort Calealated aad verified ty Bilin 7 ociady och alte YE prepeeds epentng Lois 1h 4 dns treodaliter SFr selma euf least Coort™ oem He Nangles to be se}? Eve 4 a dhe angles colon sou be taken. “the dteodoléte centeraeel ores T, aa . 4 soper! Jeelled » “HO vernier A gel to 0 7 [ wth scale THE “PP clamp & fixed. ~he foner clamp % releases] and Whe vanq? ee Ch pe cajevsecten pom B ip perfeclt bisedted exth te help of cer lower ent shrew: The tower clamp tp OH tighter « () “the pier clamp eeclease] Oud Fret dclleesie : So vernier A. the Jef escope omgle 8° ap Set oe % dicedef uy (me “HE. Now the 2 en rf -the Lape % tel ad an] distene TP measeyned 2pualtsI fenqth of Dahial: Sub: Cherd eh aw -{ ha 4 ry angry veel at * p ye alte bisected jhe Aclescepe Th y “ite oe dis ba ef or) wel peal. sot 4 Porm on tha tow which if masked by a mai] Cory Grow. @) The next def feetien ea gl{_62) ww sehen - Cennice *A\) Gnd por ty TR So marked rat ie if Dh degree. joer | eT BX tee sages grag ak Changge |250%, Tht am | nfevse fiery Va - Culeulale a | lata neces og ie selmg eut a inte of igre apn i deflection le meted. the fp alerval “ff be etn a. Here a sein leat when Ar (eat Qounk of He vender op ae .Glunk He ofata for freld checking. Po Given oada, - Dud wd Ration = asom: deffestien Angle = 160 ~ 180 = = 20° Cet af anfevsech'en per = [,2s0m. anterval = a of males 0" @ TL = site So . CL = ER REY = 1B 1 cena 1 frst Tasgel— poral = = {asv° ro boo = ZOOM. “Hy 180 20" (2889 eq.GF chaonage of sctend “Thy ty = eae] oy) © fenalh > aitiaf seh ~ 1313-899- © a “f Chor agen trae 9H. © No: ay ful Cher ( ae) sf Chamage Covered = 1190-4 (69) ~ loco. © Jength ef fna| Sub cher qf —= | 313+ 84 -|ajo-s0 _ : 289m. @© peflection fe fr Pmfial Subcherd — 2 &- de tw ame - oP ygl a! aso @ pehecko Angle te fall chore — a Vy e+ A 73 A 6, i 7 _ PHe-1X B84 Pal sector, Be -\0 as! us() Asithee tical oheak — we ) An 2 84 4x6 The = 82m. BY Vensed Sime of fo OS) 7 98°( cs a. = O4t talfe 3— ot daiage Sh Sys Tilo hs = TT — |1@3r0 71 ton — 04ee” —orle ~ Galo" porh P— igo — a nistt-3s.at- Sstyh Crewe Fm 1a tala » able use ee i a yy rea read nen -~—- " 7 goed’ — T5e0" ; tp — tae — '- (fissa reps) Re a wae me I wee My glad P = a0 a ay t _—— i] S44 —B aes! —its] qe aor ghee