I.

Introduction

1.1 Background
Animal welfare is the status of the individual in relation to its attempts to cope with its
surroundings. Welfare refers to all coping systems which includes physiology, behaviour,
emotions, and pathological reactions. (Broom 2011) Animal welfare encompasses all
creatures that interact with humans. Fraser (2008) in Nurhayati et al. (2018) stated that
animal welfare could be categorize into five aspect which is a) freedom from hunger and
thirst, b) freedom from discomfort, c) freedom from pain, wound and diseases, d) freedom
from fear and e) freedom for expressing normal behaviour.
The application of animal welfare is not being prioritize in some dairy farms specifically in
across region of Europe and Italy. Dairy cattle isolated in a poor hygiene farm, being injured,
dying of thirst and hunger and not being able to express their normal behaviour. Dairy cows
are farms animal that need intensive treatment in order to produce milk that has stable
quality and quantity. (Padaga et al. 2019) The animal welfare has raised a concern to the
society because it indirectly affects human welfare. Dairy farm should develop a better
environment and treatment for dairy cattle in order to provide better quality product and
suppress public critics.
1.2 Aim
This report aims to identify animal welfare condition in dairy farms with five freedom aspect
through analyzing and evaluate the result of observation on the factors that affect animal
welfare as well as providing solutions.