ARTFORM OVERVIEW

PAINTING
Painting is the expression of ideas and emotions, with the creation of certain
aesthetic qualities, in a two-dimensional visual language. It started way back the
Romanesque Period in 1000-1300 AD where people share information through art. The
history of painting run through the Renaissance, Baroque, Realism, Expressionism, and
Abstract Expressionism, up to the Modern Art or Neo-Expressionism.
Painting comes in different types which include Allegory, Bodegon, Figure,
Illustration, Landscape, Portrait, Still Life, and Veduta. Some of the earliest known
paintings were made by prehistoric humans at the caves of Lascaux. Many of today’s
artist or even before, paint as a passion and hobby rather than a salable skill.

SCULPTURE
Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions.
Sculpture started from Paleolithic Period (30000 BCE-10000 BCE) where mainly of
figurines, beads, and some decorative utilitarian objects constructed with stone, bone,
ivory, clay, and wood. The Paleolithic Period is then followed by the Egyptian Period (5000
BCE to 300 BCE), Middle Ages (476 AD), Classical Age (500 BC to around 200 AD),
Baroque Age (1590- 1720), and the Contemporary Period (during or after 1945).
There are three main types of classical sculpture, defined by the materials an artist
chooses to use. The three traditional materials for created a sculpture were stone carving,
bronze casting, and wood carving. The Great Sphinx in Egypt is one of the most famous
sculpture and Michelangelo is one of the most famous sculptor.

LITERATURE
Literature broadly is any collection of written work, but it is also used more narrowly
for writings specifically considered to be an art form, especially prose fiction, drama, and
poetry. In recent centuries, the definition has expanded to include oral literature, much of
which has been transcribed. Literature started in the Classical Period (1200-455 BCE),
followed by the Medieval Period (455 CE-1485 CE), Renaissance Period (1485-1660
CE), Enlightenment Period (1660-1790 CE), Romantic Period (1790-1830), Victorian
Period (1832-1901 CE), Modern Period (1914-1945), and the Postmodern Period that
started in 1945 up to now.
Types of literature includes Prose, Poetry, Drama, and Folktale. The purpose of
literature is to inform, persuade, instruct, and entertain. It also comes with different genre.
Non-fiction, fiction, romance, horror, comedy, tragedy, and fantasy.
ARCHITECTURE
Architecture is both the process and the product of planning, designing, and
constructing buildings or other structures. Architectural works, in the material form of
buildings, are often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art. Architecture started
in Ancient Greece where Greeks built most of their temples and government building
using three styles namely Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. It is followed by the Roman Empire
where they started to use concrete. Middle Ages, Renaissance, Baroque, Romanticism,
and Modern are the timeline of how architecture evolve through time.
Three famous artist in architecture includes Pablo Sebrero Antonio, Sr. who is a
pioneer of modern Philippine architecture famous with the construction of White Cross
Orphanage. Phidias, the ruler of Athens who established the general conceptions of Zeus
and Athena’s appearances. Alexandre Gustave Eiffel, a French civil engineer who is best
known for the world-famous Eiffel Tower.

CINEMA
Cinema is from the French cinématographe which comes in part from the Greek
kinema, meaning movement. So cinema is really just another word meaning moving
picture. It also has come to mean more generally the process of film-making and also the
building where films are shown. Cinema started in 1816 where the creation of the first
camera happened. The year 1915 to 1930 give rise to the studio system. Golden Age of
Hollywood happened during the year 1930 to 1945. The foreign wave and new Hollywood
then followed. Then comes the contemporary cinema which started year 1999 up to the
present with digital cinema and ever famous Netflix and Virtual Reality.
Types of cinema includes silent film where there is no dialogue present. Historical
film that shows events that are set within the historical period. Lastly, science fiction which
is a genre based on science. Top five film industries of today are Hollywood, Bollywood,
and cinema in China, United Kingdom, and cinema of Japan.

THEATER
Theatre or theater is a collaborative form of performing art that uses live
performers, usually actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined
event before a live audience in a specific place, often a stage. Theaters started in Ancient
Greek. Most plays in ancient Greece were based on myths and legends. There is also a
so called Kabuki Theater in Japan famous for its elaborate costumes and make-up which
is present since 1600 up to today.
 There are quite a few types of theater arts which includes musical theater,
melodrama, farce, tragedy, immersive theater, comedy, historic plays, and pantomimes.
There are different types of theaters, but they all have three major parts in common.
Theaters are divided into two main sections, the house and the stage; there is also a
backstage area in many theaters. Theater art encompasses more than just acting; it also
includes musical, comedy, tragedy, melodrama, and other forms.

MUSIC
Music is an art of sound in time that expresses ideas and emotions in significant
forms through the elements of rhythm, melody, harmony, and color. It all started in the
Medieval Period back in 500 to 1400 AD. Later on, Renaissance followed where artist
started playing Woodwind and Percussion. The 21st century of music is more on
Impressionism, Expressionism, Modern, and Contemporary, Whole tone scale, Reject
tradition, Individualism, and Free Reign.
Music is an outlet for expression. Students are known to study with background
music, workers have their work songs, and dancers and actors base their movements on
the rhythm, beat, and melody of the music. These are all known to have some connection
with music to increase their productivity. Music aspires to inspire. Music sometimes is a
way back or an escape from reality. As of today, prestigious awards for great music are
the Grammys award, World Music award, and MTV video music award.