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    Inka Storage Systems in The Imperial Hea

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    Eric Dubourg

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    of 14
    Storage in Ancient Complex Societies ‘Adminstration, Organization and Control Linda R. Manzanila and Mitchell § Rothman BR reutecar, by tami ny Roe Pat Sur lon ack gon Ox OXI 6S eae npn of te Ter Pans Secmealigacndonetton? ns May Don ‘Ah er eo i ok ny be pint repro ed Iavenie ag pesca ng inoeton rae or ‘orm whet ero ing Ft bse arf Cares align Pann Daa ‘ype ion HILUUIHTMTETLIAHILLIE conve rs unui Lis Fguresand Tables 7 Prefice / 13, nda Marcia ‘Sul Cutral vlaon 7 19 Mic §Rtman ‘Tue ANCIENT NEAR East 2 ‘ering Roe of org: Examples rom rhino Ancet Mesoptamin 139 ‘Mic Rthan and Bia Fade ‘On Some Poni inplaon ofa Newly Disord Ey Brnae Age Large Seale Si Complex t Arai Nahal Lach ae / 6 un Merah, Elo ro, Doi erga Yigal ral ‘rain, Storage nd Ste Making Mesopotamia (320-2000 96) 1 85 ‘Tie AnDeax Reaton s New Wo Breuray at 1500 8: dnc fam the Casa Valley Peru. 111 Thomas Poor and Siler Soreroms, Token an Adinsatve Devices ‘An Andean Case Sy 1 138, eb Topi Inka Storage Sytem inthe peri Harland (ance Pera Rik Managersent conic Growth. and Poi Eanomy 1 167 Alon Cn Kye Que and Caterin FC UITUETEULUIUIELLL1 etaeren seven {11 (11111101111 INKA STORAGE SYSTEMS IN THE IMPERIAL HEARTLAND (CUZCO, PERU): RISK MANAGEMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, AND POLITICAL ECONOMY ‘Alan Covey, vie E. Quove, and Catherine E, Covey’ Introduction isk pervade alforms of human sobistence, and fais Kn group, an ii otis purse states at diferent soci scales to aol darations totelfooe spp (eg, Halstead and OSes 1989), Surpaepoditon represent ne sraegy to mitigate is of fod nec, and not Always compatible with other skreduction stele ee Were, {i and Taker 1958). Surplus can const of extra food produced cl lecied and sored agnat predictable (and nsatipated) actions i {ood supply aswell other cexouce (2g domentiated animals ca goes money), neve bor slgatons. hslogatsFequerly downplay the ole of sips produtn in domestic eonomier and across ko networks and corms to frmphasbe principles of domestic etificing and self-drpening soil ‘mechanism (egs Salis 1973 Dow 1961). Food-prodacing hose ols abo rice anticipated ned, and thote that amplify podon tend o do ony for shor time before depersng accumulated su pluses (Rapaport 1968), Whether or nt compeiveFastig eee and ecprociy-onented git networks keep surpluses fam accumulating i single housthol they increase he iho thst someone i sway Be trating sur. The quet fo prestige can cet temporary fod pee that bene peopl soe 9 somaya ogo wleeshange end ‘arog reioshipe cas # me of cal blgtons tht ca gate local od ear Surplassypel assoc more intitle with soil power incom lex sce, and partial in tes. Urban populations requ sed pss pdced primary in rural contets which can be oganied ‘semble nd rebut by public or pve ees. Although ae lesttutions gure promioety i clscusins of surplus prodcton and Storage, note indus or fies hold dproportonate econsme ower that canal or apposimate spoil economy ander eatin Sicumeans (ce Manzanila on aeiphoorood center this Yom) [Nobles an representatives of stat ntutions might coerce subjects e ihe ts tribute, ot labor fr thelr raknangement strain ut thy Pgh abc ate olntary investment or these. As they roid pools [abo formating elite and stat projects, peasant howe le work ‘fo manage the risks that they pert i thelr own domestic economies (see Hirt 996), Foma isk management perspective, pest economies bur against more proximate and predictable rik, wheres noble and pial economies ciming to protect sce again! Ire et {topes deat uneven dw of good and labor Ancient ate soul no be conepitaized as insurance corporations patton was obliguory Premiums coud ot be banked indie pd the sated ot vay Gino Soci debt towards subject, ven when able dos Site rie management strates unl wihin » broader soctpol cal conte, and scolar shold consider the psc of ellosting nds {rede apd Ibor from loel networks the dyamice of supe growth tnd resparce preservation that sat sates prescribed: nd practices of ‘rps relist in good and bad times This chapter curses elite lected storage inthe Inka Empire. 140-1530) thelaget indigent ite to develop inthe Ameria (Figre 71). Aer desing colon (Quechoa socabulary fori fod Insc, and story eee nohstoredesenpions of Inka storage sens in provncllrelons and the are sarounding Cuzz the imperil ep Fnaly, we present ar orev af rectal and archaclopeal evidence fr Inka orehouset In the Cinco repo and implications for reconstructing Inks noble and poli anomie ‘Andean Conceptualizations of Risk and Uncertainty sty Quechua dictionaries reveal Andean views regarding rik and food ‘esecuy inthe generations Flowing the Spanish conquest although ‘ch sure are at direct windows ito prehipanc conditions, and ne {a0 dlctonary of Domingo de Santo Toms (931 (360) includes tees for neces and ac. Fo example, py connetes a shor of ‘thie nesded or desired bsedon innfceat weight or ensure 1 fi Ue wing to wastage leakage, of some other ls In cone cay rot have hal enced! but lo connotes the experince of punish ‘ment nbs early seventeenth century lencon Diego Gonzle Holla (1989 {Lt inks mchayto Gods punishment ofsn. Wheres mucky eommuniates suering a consequence of one niu, wana ha ‘eatedbu postive meaning is asociated with both necesity and ih An Coey Hole. Qave and Catherine Covey 16% ‘are? Sopot Epi 170 tots Surae Senta he lnperi Henan (Cas, Pe Correcting one wey and making amends, epeclly for inl Behavior For loka noble storage might ref fire to fll iperal labor demands, but lcs farmers might describe shor in the reciprocity bated lnguage of er kin and iaboraeworks, concepuaiongsfering in supernatural terms as consequence of insfilent revere t loc sheers and seed entities Enty dictionaries define resource shortages and Gonz Holguin ‘ery or sterile yer” (muchuy pacha o iy wat) sugges il on ions cosa rego o foram extended perio. Enis or hunger ange Inintensy rom want of od yega) to death by starvation (tymante anuy) The diensrie define the at of iflting povery on others (ago. a5 wl as enrichment o nese ap tay) ~nch dine. ‘ons suggest une ditbutionaf source tha would bescetuned a times of food shrges Poesy anak fay ae concep inked, ‘oggsting that kin networks of rik management were considered dint ftom mechani employe by nobles or site netiutons te ese that eran people wer ays fd Inks interventions inal crm ‘requenty drape sol and economic network 0 the po that op intervention was needed nts noteworthy thatthe emperorand i wie both edhe royale magchahpag Compassionate oud the poor) And reportely provided for widows and cepa ‘Storage termincogy is common inthe early Quechun dictionaries. rough (hy wat) epee» period of rik and food uncertain) but ying fod inthe ar sun (masa) to store in fe pice (hay) adresses seasonal and anneal imate tations, Several dome fe lures could hold are, inlading elevated lator for maze (maka), lorage bis of various frm (pra ram, tage way, and belowground pls tubers (ate) (eg Arign 1999 1651} chap. 2 Betapaos 199 [15%5-part chap. 17; Gari de a Vega 965 (160) ‘iS chp. 5). Thing thing out orga) fr dition cores socal rare Gontles Holguin etry for "wo pense Vamachga ‘manta hargpay 0 take ost fom that which is sdminiteed). Santo ‘Tomislss spec structure for kepig stored ods (chara mat, walla dove cal sae earning in Sopensing tors (he ‘kay Kamayag. Te sevententh century indigenous chron of Felipe Gunman Boma de Ayal (180 [161] Inks ths kindof storage wit the soya plc, which contained strctre for eying food (sina me ftading stored things (chuana as) and brewing mize beer (age two). Such Dlldgs rec the cole of noble and sate intone in Provisioning ceran individual an housenos and are consistent with $nble oka economy hats idenfabe in part of hereon suru Ing Cuno, the perl epital R.AlnCove Kl E Quien Catherine oney 178 DEPOCITODELIVGA OME NAM hi NATO (De Nc (i Prepaotse Sy eae f VN aD iu ETN iio Mei) A Fue 22 igs Guan Pa de al preation os gl compe wh A second type of storage fcity typical inked to he Inka poll ‘conomy athe ols whic Sento Tomis defines ata tvehouse organ tesa o wine A few chronic mention the olga te coon OF surpluses called for provincial administration (egy Cusman Para de ‘Aya 1960 [161] (Figure 72), bt mow sources deere torehoures in Spansh without diinguishing whether they wee gle or another kind Inks Expansion and Political Economy Inks imperial conquests ater AD 1400 annexed vast and diverse new terres chartered by aiferetpre-Inka pate of surplus produc tin nd dstbution (Covey 200) Fee highland aren a that ime show tvidnce of acral ntnieation or strap outside of howe options in intermontane valleys an high sleaton pasture rear fen sellin aes ofering defense and Toc acess to dere apf-prstorl resources In conas any cout teas were economically cetrazed tnd vpecialasd. with ostentatious nable sata and well developed sate Institions faded by arate agrclkare pa fate fine popu tins (eq Mares 2008, Moore and Mackey 208). Coastal tates ested heavily in spelled ca adions and monumental constructions that one surpluses of fod ad nor nto esgic statements suppor Ingeatentitions and the alg ete Inka conquest of decentralized ron ed (10 varying degre) fo the escllchment ofan imperil pot economy, The alnsatie ror ‘aan of provincial popultons extracel sigifcant poole of labor for ttepojecte that could ede food iaecury rks: New rigaton canals dg errace crested ands that were les usceptleo Sought io, and erp election and ferlizer amped ares on et nds Storhouse contraction supported the calletion, movement, and eit bution of ttesurplass Anmproved road network expended he eional Scope of staple cones (DAloy 1992) and erry orpnied camels ering otensfe high lerason grating. providing eat of burden a8 freer ores production, Staple surpluses fund lol ainsi. serena the means of producing wean gods shied othe cpt ein, ‘her they supported personal connections between the aka ler athe obs and oles wh safle the imperl pital bierrchy (DAroy td Ere 1985). ‘Archaeological the study of Inka provincl storage emphases gol lag eractres distributed slong the Imperial highway and near bighland stinnisrative centers ad sate ams eg. LeVine 992-coasal trae 5 Tard to ey ade octet tha perl ples (ee Sead 1982. ary chonicesasocite provincial sorehoues wih sate inf _eacure dentiyng tei role in transporting raw materials and sple ‘goo 10 ky loctons in the impeval ecwark(Betanos 1989 [1555 Por chap 22 Clea de Lei 1988 fen 1550s 16, 8-20; ier Alan Covey ye uveand Cherne ECavey 7 ‘San Miguel 164 [1567]; Oni de Ztign 1967 (1562), 172 (1562) teaver incudng soldiers) and Inka governors mataned age sores af maize, posts and other salsa sdmintrative emer (Admini trator sent rw rater for high satura praction to Gane, where fran erated wealth pode that could be dirbte ap frm the Inka ord tat subjects) Imperial fica used sored staple ods > feed laborers on ste projets and o fond periods estas at punts sted he provincial lendar When tae ancbons in agen ese dat ot exhaust the supplies, ofa srbuted them tthe poor” wid to orphans.hedsblea and people withourkn Local communis also provided labor ov spec elo suppor these individuals. Cera de Las (0988. 1580) nts that provincia communities might eee od st from sate tres bad times, Jan tht ba fo beep Tributary bores were ewe working on state projets bu hey ad no soit pt othe surpse tha their work generate Moe provinel storehouse are groups of sal crcl or rectangle structure the gs of which comprise hundreds or thousaads of struc tures (eg, Stead 199), Some scholars associate round uldngs with Inuze storage se rectanglar ones with tuber, ahough dosmentary dkscriptionssndexcevaton evidence inet tht a broader et of sree ould be placed in ether ype of building (eg, Betanos 199 (15804 Part, chap 22; DAloy and Hastor 1988). storage areietre apr incl centrs ed aber key sites warked in tandem wit up (kt Sing) records (rss 1967) ant i ik that specie aminrative Units ansporte goods from agen rource and pice them na ee grated bung (et. Betanos 1999 [15805 part, cap. 2). side omplers were sible onthe landscape asa mnemonic ost record Storage and the Noble and Political Economy of the Inka Heartland Storage the Inka npr hes difeed rom highland provincia atlas one espe the capil recived precious metal she opel Bie feathers, and ler row materials hat were worked intact goes Ejeminesses desibe Cuzco as place where get weath mason spy, but ic went out the provinces only as gs fom the Inka eer (Covey 2008), Some mara ad products were ep inspec ities, incl. lng ales, temple complenen and the “Yrres” of Sageywaran (see Bauer 203). Dee the emphasis on wealth storage in ear cronies, 174 eka Stag Spem ih imperial sand (Cate Ps) theres evidence tht he production nd storage of staple supe was of Reptng domestic storage, he nly chronice an de Betanao fers 4 dete account of hw Inka sate growth ive the development | ewe storage faites. Betanaos (1999 [103 atl chap. 9) sates ths before heist Inka imperil conquests lel bouche mainte their ‘wn Hors of ood and lot tring aie in in ale ron (pa ‘hap. 17) As Inka dominion spreads inka Yapanque (Pchacue) sued ‘ecees reusing storage and establishing Cues polite econ. The fs of these equed suet poplalons to prodsce sup tpl ood and tango them to Canc, Over five-year periods Inks Yopanqve ‘tered the constuction of sarhoutes (depen) onthe hile so rounding Cunco and desigated them forthe forage of ed and eth fiz, chi pepper beans dred potntoes, ino, died met nd cher foods (Betanzos 1999 [1580s par chap 12). These supple fed ‘workers ime in Sat construction projects, and the lords ancien ‘oF Cuzco aso ected provisions a sugmen tre that hey pode 0 ‘Support her cns Roubehols and vert After securing the urban od up kt Ypangue ordered ew tore houses for etl, both hgh satus arent and rough buy doth wed In sate work pecs (Betanos 1999 50s party chap. 19. Once the fur contol mas sures af staple and era goods be provisioned new housed, though ales wert expected to poduce ther ows Surplse and tre them athome Thee were food ditto in Caco very four month ana an anna exe dtu If ate gven ces vere accidentally stove they were replaced rom the tte storehouses 5 tht misfortune would not leave anone in need. Thi sate dicated Insurance program reportedly broadened ste org ciegore nce all domestic gods even eabya shoes for lamas to wear Tok Yopangue fave staple good othe people of Cuno, but he sso conBcated wealth brovghtto the ety pevatey which went int sae srehowes (Betaneoe 1999 Ss0 pare chap. 2. ay rchial records mention storage completes in Cxco and in the

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