RIGHT-HAN.....

DEVELOPMEN

::::.::

:z~t.,
::\~i:~ . ';
' ".•f.:••

BY RENARD D. HOOVER
 PREFACE

The material contained in this book is the result of countless hours of playing, observation,
and teaching. The concept evolved while studying classical gu1tar and I began to realize that
the immense musical and technical demands placed on the right hand in classic guitar were,
generally, ignored in modern methods for pick-style guitar These modern methods assume
the right hand will automatically follow the left in the curse of its development Many of my own
students' musical and technical problems were directly related to the inability to execute the
right hand properly.

This right-hand tecnhique began as an attempt to correct these dificiencies, and resulted in a
marked and rapid improvement in my students' playing. On this basis, it is my contention that
the right hand in pick-style deserves the same attention that our classical colleagues spend
time developing with Paparraro, Pujol, and Giuliani. Practicing with these studies will improve
clarity in single-line improvisation, reading, musical phrasing, and chord melody playing. In
short, the overall quality of musicianship will be raised.

The arrangement of this book assumes the level of beginner. Advanced players may find the
latter exercises more appropriate to their immediate needs. However. I cannot stress too
strongly, the need to practice this book from the beginning. The right hand must be allowed
time to adapt to the appropriate moves required in each set of exerc1ses.

It is my hope that this book provides a means for all serious students of this beautiful
instrument towards attainment of self-expression-regardless of style or idiom.
 THE BASIS

Why study the right-hand of pick-style guitar, independently from the left hand? Namely, it is
important to develop a technique (always with a view to a musical statement), which will allow
modern guitarists to play all types and styles of music. It becomes necessary to focus on the
right hand because this is where the instrument's sound is initiated. Some of the requirements
placed on the right hand are: dynamics, differences in texture, repeated notes, rapid scalar
and arpeggiated figures, wide leaps between strings. The hand must be trained to respond
accurately and quickly, according to a wide variety of musical demands.

The following method is one of several methods for right hand and right arm movement. Some
players advocate playing with the arm and wrist locked, with motion occurring only at the
elbow. Still others advocate all three possible motions, fingers, wrist and arm.

These studies fall under the last category. Approximately 90% of the motion comes from the
fingers and wrist (depending on whether one is playing chords or single lines). This technique
provides for the most efficiency and its usage is widespread amongst prominent guitarists
today.

STARTING POINTS

Two fundamental axioms must be remembered in regards to right hand movement:

1. The pick moves flat across the picked string (no slicing).
2. The shorter the stroke (distance) the pick travels, the better.
In the first instance, this insures good tone production. The latter is a necessity for eventually
attaining a rapid picking technique.

Further, there exists a plethora of pick gauges and shapes. It is recommended the student
use a heavy gauge, jazz-style pick. The heavy gauge will allow the guitarist to vary the
hardness or softness of the attack. The jazz-style pick will enable the player to maintain better
control of it.
 HOLDING THE PICK

The hand should be suspended above the guitar. with no anchoring of the second, third, or
fourth fingers on the pick guard or guitar body. The pick is held between the thumb and side of
the forefinger. See Photos A and B.

The thumb and forefinger work together as a single unit. For single line playing, the arm and
the wrist remain relatively stationary, with the movement coming only from these two fingers.
 PICKING THE STRINGS

Next, initiate the down(~)stroke on the first (or E) string. Position the right hand so that the pick
will move flat across the string and only move a short sidtance. Do not rest the pick on the
string prior to attack. The pick is then pushed across the first string (E) with the collapse of the
thumb knuckle. See Photo C, below.

To initiate the up (V) stroke, the thumb knuckle arches with the forefinger pushing upward; this
moves the pick back up, and across the string. See Photo D, below.

This is a subtle movement, so observe it carefully and diligently in all of its applications.

To initiate pick attacks on the remaining open strings, the hand shifts to the aporopr1ate
position for each string. This assures that all six strings will be picked in the same mannw
assuring continuity of sound and form, as well as accuracy.

In the following exercises, begin practice by setting a slow tempo. Beginnmg and M:e·-
mediate students should use a metronome until an "even" sense of rhythm 1s de.e ::::e:::
Concentrate on all required movements and the two fundamental axioms. When ~h1s ::·:::::ess
becomes accurate and second nature, velocity will come automatically
6

These notes are to be picked as indicated, playing each note as loudly as pos-
sible. Remember the thumb knuckle collapses on 1"1, and arches on V. Don't
reach for the next string with the fingers, shift the hand.

I. 2. 1"1
~ 1"1 1"1 1"1 1"1 1"1 1"1 1"1 1"1 1"1 )"1 "'1 __ 1"1 J 1"1 1"1 1"1 1"1 1"1 1"1 1"1

~ 11, g4 J J r r r J J :fl« r ~ J J gJ J J r
3. 4.
v v v v v v v vr----v v v
'
\
1/ v v v v v v
gJ j ffi:J .=ry J j
r F r ~J • J r
' II: J d J
:
J

5. 6. ...
1"1 v 1"1 v 1"1 v 1"1 v 1"1 v v 1"1 v 1"1 v
J J
j
r F r ~ J J Ul= r J j
r
' II:@ ! • •
4J
--

-#

7.
v 1"1 v 1"1 v 1"1 v 1"1 v 1"1
8.
v , '-·
... ... v 1"1 v 1"1

JJ j j ~
-

J J Ul= F r •
r

J r F r ; J r
'
9.
:i_
II:

1"11"11"11"1 1"11"1 V V
v V V V
10.
1"11"11"1,1"11"11"1V
-#
i
=+
--,
I
4

V
I

V
v V V

~ II: @J J J rr F F R J @111: E F J J J J J J 3 J F F

12
:i_
I I. V V V V V V 1"1 1"1 1"1 1"1 ,,""', .1"1 ' .
o
v •
,,
, v
•
•
'/
"
""'
:1"1 1"1 1"1 1"1 n
'1\1 11, g4 a J r r r r J J 4 g c • ; • ~ gg4 J J r E
13.
.1"1 "'1 1"1 1"1 1"1 v v v v v 14.
- - ... , v v v v v
JJ ~ r F ~ J r J =IIDi - j
gJ J j
r
'
IS.
II=

v v v v
J

v 1"1
16.
v v v
!
I

v v
J

1"1
1"1 1"1 1"1 1"1 1"1 1"1 1"1
gJ
1"1

J ~ r F r J J UR E r=r J J g J j
r
' J
II: -w
 This is the introduction to repeated note picking. Groups of two, three, and
four notes will have an accent placed over the first note of each group.

17. r1
r1 v r1 v r1 v r1 v r1
::> v r1
::> v ::> v r1 v r1 v .~ v
II: ggJ J J j J
CJ r r CJ j J J J J=II -.
' ::>
::>
::>
J ::> ::>
::>
J
::>
1

..
--
:

18.
v r1 v ~ v r1 v ~
v
::> r1
v
::> r1
v
::> ~ v r1 v r1 v r1 v ..
II: g J J j J CJ r r CJ j J J J
J g=llg
' ::>
J J J ::>
::>
::> ::>
::>
::>
::>
=r
-,1

22
" r1 v v r1 v v r1 v v r1 v v I:! v v I:! v v I:! v v
' II: @ @@QJ l f J
::>
d
3 3
£1J r ~ F E ~ E r ~ F
23.
v v r1 v v r1 v v r1
v v r1

' II: dd@@¥J Q~ J £1 J

::> 3
8

::> 3 3

::> 3 3

26
' v v v v v v v v v v v v !vv!vv'ivvv v vvvvvvv
f II= @
::>
JJJJ J 11 J 2i j
3 3
r r r r r3 r r r r ! ~ WQ~JQJJ
3 3 ::> 3

J
E

28.
v rl v rl v rl v rl v rl v rl
etc.

J
JJJ J J J J 1 f
' II=@ @ @J
::>
E
d ::>
::>

This exercise is in preparation for the tremolo. Begin slowly, so you will be
able to play the thirty-second notes in the last measure.

29. v V
rl
r'IV V
rl
rl
V
V
r1
rl
V
V etc.
r1 etc.
rl 'v
V ...,
-
v i
i i v etc.
V r1 etc.
::> ::> ::> ::> ::> ::> ::> ::> ::> ::> ::>

&II= F F F F Ul= E E F F E F E E Jtfiit c E E E F E E E F

3 3 3 3

r1 y r1 y etc. r1 V ~ y - , etc.
V r1 V r1 etc. V i V - v - etc.
i_
II= r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r Ul= j : : : : : cj 6j j rr r j r r r r r rr rr
::> ::> ::> ::> ::> ::> ::> ::>

~
6 6 6 6

- ----
Apply the above formula to .all strings.
-
Here, we encounter cross-string picking involving two adjacent strings. Its mastery is essential. Watch for thE
different demands placed on your hand. The i1 or V can be initiated on the "outside" or on the "inside" of two adjacen·
strings. The latter tends to be more tricky. Note: beginning with No. 30, play each repeat four (4) times, then D.C
and play straight through without repeats. In future, apply this procedure to all similarly notated exercises.

30. .., V., V etc. D c

~ 3 II: EEEc IP' PJJ ~II= JJJJlii]JJJ lll= @J@J lll: JJJJ lll= JJJJ~II: j1]J ~II: t£tf :
31. Vi1 Vi1 etc. c

43 II: 00 jj~· PJJ Jll: jJjJ lll: JJJJ lll: @JJJ 111: JJJJ Jll: jJjJ !II: jJJJ !II= tEtf:
0

33. Vi1 Vi1 etc. Dc

4~ II: fdr JirfflJ lll: JjJj lll: JJlJlll: JJJ@ lll: JJljlll: JjJj lll: 00 lll: ruf =
34. i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.

' B II: F[ F F f ill; j J J Jf J J 111: J J J J J J !II: J J J J J J =

D.C

' II: dJ AJ gJ !II: J J J J J J jll: J J J J J J lll: j J J j j ; '

35. V i1 V i1 V i1 etc.

4~ II: C[ r ( c f iil j J J J J J 111: j J J J j J 111: J J

u.c
4II: @4 @J J J !II: J J J J J J lll: j J J J j J :Ill: .~ • ~~--. .~. .
r
10

36. ~ V ~ V ·1"1 Vetc.

' § II:[ r f [ [ f e~11= J J ±j J J !lid J J J 1 ]!II= J J J J J J

0,(

' II= g @J @4 @ lll= J J 3 J J J 111= J j J J ~ j 111= d J J J J 3

37. V ~ V ~ V ~ etc.

' §II: f r f r[ F~ll J JitfiJ !IH J J j T; In J J J J J

0,(

' II= J J d gJ dlll= J J 3 g J J lll= j £f. T~ll!=-''fJ j~J_..;,iij

39. V ~ V ~etc. 0,(

&II= ff cfiii; J9] 9!II= j J JJ lll= JJJ Jlll: --.. --. lit 2 :J !II: j JJJ ~II: JJJJ
---- --~

40. ~ V ~ V etc. 0,(

&II: fr[ry~·, JJJJlll: J JJ J~II= JJJ~ ll: JdJ@ 911: JJJJ~II: J JJ j 111: JJ9J
41. V ~ V ~ etc. 0,(

&II: Icf r i'li; dJ9Jlll: J j Jj Ul: JJ J) lll' J@J@ 111: JJ JJ Ul: J j Jj ~II: JJ3j
 11

This section combines cross-string with repeated note picking. Play all notes
evenly, as there is a tendency to speed up on the repeated notes, especially
the sixteenth notes. Remember, the shorter the stroke the better.

4 2. ._ V r"'1 V r"'1 V r"'1 V etc.

't II: E:i:f={TI=£ J l J J 3 f 3 f J prO d U

44. r"'1 r"'1 r"'1

> i'1 i'1 i'1 etc.

f II= EiJ >

FJJ >
j
J J J J 3i }=j J fJ 0 d il

46A. i'1 V i'1 V i'1 V etc.

' H I = FE r [ E r·nj: j j J j J J !II: H j j J J ~IH J g J J y41

D.C.

f;ll: J d311 d~II: J=j J J J J]j:j OJ J J ~II: j J J ;l J : I

468. V i'1 V i'1 V i'1 etc.

' HII: [ E r FEr ·up J J j J J lii:J j J J J Hll: J J J : ~ ~ ~

= -a
•3
12

47 A. ~ V ~ V ~ V etc.

' § II: f [ F F[ F11: J J j J J hi j J J J J J 111: J 3 J J 3 J 91

D.C.

f:tVg J gj J g!II: J J J J J J Jll: J J j -r J J lll: J J J J J J ll

47B. V ~ V ~ V ~etc.

&Q 11, Fr r F[ r·n1, J w J J w J u1, a w-+--~ ~ 111, J a 4 a a 411

D.C.

tm 4 J g4 J g111, J aJ a3 4111, a a J J ;-fitrJ J ;,......J~QL~

48A. ~ V ~ V ~ V etc.

' § II: E r r r F r·~ii: j J J j J J nn J-Vri ~wra 3 ~ J J ll

D.C.

i II'@ J J @J J lll: J J J J J J !II: j fiy; J Jll: J J J J J J ll

48B. V ~ V ~ V ~ etc.

&§ 11, cr r r r r"iff, J a a J a a u1, J a a J a a u1, 4 a a 4 a a u

D.C.

~g J J gJ J lll: J 3 J ~ J J 111: J J J J J J !II: j J J j J J ll

 13

49 A. !"1 V !"1 V !"1 V etc.

&§ JfcE F EE (iiH_J_Hd J !II= J J J J J J !II= J J J J J J ll

D.C

~ II=@ @J @@J lll= J J 3 J J 3 lll= j J J j j J lli=J J J J J J ll

498. V !"1 V !"1 V !"1 etc.

&g II= cE f EE FWI: j J J j 3 J lll= J J J J J J lll= J J J J J J ll

D.C.

4II= g@J g@J 111= JJ J JJ J If j j J j j Jlll:d 3 J J J J ll

'
SO. !"1 !"1

8 II= >EU etc.m

V etc.

lll= ~ lll= J j j 111= J mJ

D.C.

JJ lll= J 3@ 911= JJJ lll= J j J lll= ~

5 I. !"1 !"1 V etc. D.C.
'>etc.~ ~
R II= ED lll= ~ lll= J J j lll= JJJ311= J J@lll= j J lll= J J j lll= ~ 11
J
52. !"1 !"1 V etc. D.C.
'
8 II= ill
> etc. Qa
lll= F lll= j J J lll= J3 Ul = J ggJ lll= J 33!II= j J J lll=Fffi dl
53. !"1 !"1 V etc. D.C.
~ etc.m -
? *ttf J!f/ Ul= j JJ lll= JJJ lll= @@J lll= JJ J lll= j j J IU • ~:!1
>

54. !"1 V V etc. :),C.

i_
~ H II= rn 111= m 111= aJJlll= ag J lll= 4gglll= JJJItT~ 2 m._~ F!l
:> etc. ~ _
14

55. ~ V Vetc. D.C.

fjH II= Err ejil: ill !II= J J j ~II= JJJ 111= gJd111= JJJ~II= J J J 111= H'iA!
56. r1 V Vetc. D.C.

' 9 II= Err e~ll= m lll= J J J 111= JJJ lll= I i

----" -# -#
--,j
I lll: I JJ lll= J J J !II=
~
m ll
57. ~ V V etc. D.C.
i_ ~ ~

gdd !II= ~ ~ J !II= j j J !II= ill dl

etc.
~ j II: crJ lll= ill 111= J# lll= JJJ !II=
>

58. V V ~ etc. D.C.

i_
~ R II=
>

EU ~II: m
etc. ~

lll= j n lll= JJJlll= Jgdj)p g J !II= j j

t±j
J J !II= m ll

59. V V ~ etc. D.C.

J
' 9 II= [D e=ifi= ill 111= J J j lll= JJ lll= gg@ lll= J JJlll= J J j !II= ffl l

60. V V ~ etc. D.C.

~ ~ §E
i § II= ill =Ill= W
> etc.
g J lll= JJJ !II= j J J !II= E
lll= j J J lll= JJJ lll= j l

*
±
6 I.

9 II=
V V ~ etc.
> etc. t±j
aJ 111= fu !II= J j J !II= JJ J Ul= g@J lll= JJJ lll= J j J 311= ili l
t±j
D.C.

V r1 ~ etc.
a62. D.C.

JJlll= g@jl' JJJ!II= J j j !II= m

etc.~ ~

m
>

~ II: E& :Ill: lll: J j j 111: J l

63. V r1 ~ etc. D.C.

~ ~ t'±j
d
> etc.
J
~ 9 II= ED 111= ili !II= j J J ~II= J J lll= JJ lll= J J !II= j J Jlll= ili l J
64. \ , , etc. D.C
± etc. ~ ~

~ §-JI ill !II= W ~II= j J JAllq J J JVg gJ !II= J J J lll= JJ J lll= W =I

:>

65. V r1 r"1 etc. D.C

i_ etc. ~ ~

~ ~ II= a:f lll= ili ~II= ] jJ lll= JJJ !II= ggg lll= JJ J lll= ] j J lll= ill l
:>

66. r1 r1 r1 etc. D.C

i_ etc. ~ ~

J J lll= JJJIEJ d@ill= JJJ !II: j J J lll= ~

:>

~ 9 II= EU lll= OJ =Il = j

67. r1 r1 r1 etc. D.C

~ etc. ~ ~

i ~ II= ED lll= m !II= J J J1lf: a JJ !II= 44gJil= J JJ!II= J J Jlll= n.r l

:>

68. r"1 ., r"1 etc. D.C

4~ II= ffi l'~; ffl lll= j JJ ~II= JJ J lll= gJ g 111= JJJ lll= j JJ lll= i"1"b
69. , r1 r1 etc. D.C

'
9 II= ~cd etc. lli l
ill= 2§§ !II= j j J 311= JJJ !II= gj J !II= JJ J lll= j j J ill= ti"=

70. V V Vetc. D.C

-i_ etc. ~ _ ~:- __
Jptfg gpt= JJJ JfJ j j ~II= iy---0
:>

~ 9 II= Ef1 !II= i l i !II= J j j !II= J

71. V V Vetc. D.C

i_
IILJJ g !II= JJJ lll= J J j lll~ • • -.
:> etc. ~ -_
~ ~ II= ffi 311= ili lll= J J JIQ4j
16

72. V V V etc. D.C.

~ §E ["E
9 II• tif !II= Fll= j J J 111] J ylt JgJI>J J J !II: j J J lll: F
> etc,
ll

73.
~>etc.~
V V Vetc.

9 II: c::cJ lll• F

m D.C.

lll= j j J lll: JJ J lll= g@ J lll: JJ J 911= j J J Ul: P: ~I

r-, V r-, V etc.

74. V r-, V r-, etc. D.C.

&II: [ rcr iii; JJJJlll: Jj ] JI= JJJJI' J@@@ 18JJJ 111: J j Jj 111: J] ] Jll
r-, V r-, V etc.
75. V r-, V r-, etc. D.C.

gII: C[ [ f iii; JJ33lll~ j JJJjll: JJJ]'I @JJJ lll= JJJJlll= j J J J=Ill: JJJJ ll
r-, Vr-, V etc
76. V r-, V r-, etc: D.C.

4II: f[[fill; dJJJlll: JJJ Jlll: J5Jj lll= JJJ@ jll: JJJJ 111= JJJj !II: J53 3ll
r-, V r-, V etc.
77 • V r-, V r-, etc. D.C.

' II: Cr r f jij; JJJ3lll: JJj Jlll= JJJ JDEgggJ lll: JJJ J111: Jj j J Ul= JJJ3~I

r-, V r-, V etc.

78 · V r-, V r-, etc. D.C.

' II= f r r f jjj; JJJ3!II= J j JJI= UJJ JII= d@@JAI' ~JJ J311: JJJJ~II= JJJJ 91

V r-, V etc.
1"1
79. V ~ V r-, etc. D.C.

f I = [ Hf jjj; j JJ Jlll= JjJ Jlll= JJJJ lll= @JJ@ lll= JJJJ !II= JjJ Jlll= j J5 J!I
 This section involves an awkward configuration between cross-string and repeated note pickings.

BOA. r1 V r"1 V r"1 V etc.

~ ~ II= f r f f r (iii= J J J J 3 J lli=J J J J j J =Ill= J J J J J J

D.

' II= J @J J @J =Ill= J J J J J J ~II:J j J J j J ~II= j J J J J ~

808. V r"1 V r1 V r"1 etc.

' ~ II= f r f f r f .iii= j 3 J J J J !II= J J J J J J =Ill= J J 3 ~ J 3 •

D.1

' II= J J g J @g =Ill= J J J J J J =Ill= J J J J j J =Ill= J ] J J ] J •

81 A. r1 V r1 V r"1 V etc.

' § II= f f r f [ r ·,jij,J J J j J J=Ill= j J J j J J=Ill= J 3 J J J j

D.(

' II=@ J @@J d:ill= J J J J 3 J =Ill= j J j j J j =Ill: J J JJ J W·

81 B. V r1 - V V r1 etc.

rr r r[ e{IH J J j J J
r"1

' ~ II= f :Ill: J J J J J J lll= J 3 J J ; •

D.C

4 II=@ J @@g @ ~II= J J J J J J =Ill: J J j J J j =Ill= J j J 2 j ~.

1"

:2. ~ V V r1 V V etc.

~ ft I{- r r f E(ifi:d 1 J J J J llid J J J J J =Ill= J J J J J J :1

D.C.

-$: jj: J dJ J gJ =Ill= J J J J J J IT j j Jj J J =Ill= J B J J J J.=I

83. ,r-, V V r1 V V etc.

f£; § II= r f r r [ r =il = g 3 2 i 3 ; If~~-=~- :- ~
> > etc. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~· . - ··.. .
~ =Ill= J J J J J g~1
-

D.C.

~ II= @J ggJ g=lli= J J J j J rtn .r J J i J =ili=J J J J J l <I

84. i1 :"1 V i1 i1 V etc.

~ II= f E f f E (lii=J J 3 J J J ~II= f]f1 £j a =IF J J J J J J ill

D.C.

tJ!tJ @J J @J =111=-J J J J J j =il = J-jiLftlJ J :J J J :J =II

85. , i1 V i1 i1 V etc.

~ If II= Cf r C f relii=J 3 J J J 3=Ill= j J J J J J=lll=g J J J J g=ll

D.C.

~ lf.=J J JdJ g =Ill= J J J J J J =il = j OJ j j J J =il = J J 3 J J J =II

86. V !"1 !"1 V ,-, ,-, etc.

~ § 11} r f Fr (lli= J J J J J J =lii:J J J J J J =IIH 4 • • • ~ _:

o.c

.•_;-_.:~-~
' II=
3 3g 3 3J =Il = J J J J J J =Il = J J J J J J =Il = J 3 h-

87. V !"1 ,-, V !"1 !"1 etc.

' § II: r r r E[ r ~ifl; j--J~j j 3 J=Ill: J J J J J j!ll: J J J J .; • :

88. V V ,-, V V !"1 etc.

' § f
II= f r F r (iii= J 3 J J J J =llld £3 oJ j J =Il = J J J ~ • -.._
u.~

' II= 3 3g J 3g =Il = J J J J j J =Il = J J J J J J lll= ££ r .-_. .-~ _ i

89. V V !"1 V V ,-, etc.

' § r Er r e:lii: j J J j J J =Il = J J J j j J II: ... •.··.•.... .... ~ .: ;

II: E[
- - ""
-'· ~

' II= gJ @dJ @ ~II= J J J J J J lll= j J j j J E~J •· ~ ~ • ~ ,

20

90. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ etc.

' § II: Fr f Fr re:ili: J J J J J J :Ill: j aj j J J :Ill: J J J J J J :II

D.C.

' I = g @g g @g !II= J J J J J J 'Ill: J J J J a J :Ill: J J J J ~ J •II

9 I. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ etc.

' a II: EF r EF reili: j-J-J j £] :Ill: j Jj j ~ J:Ill: J J J J J J :II

D.C.

&II:@ J @@J @=Ill] J J J J J 111: j Jj J-f3 :lll:d J J J a J :II

92. V V V V V V etc.

' ~ II: FE f FE (ili:J J J J J J 911:J J J J J J :Ill: J J J J J J •II

D.C.

' II: g gJ g gg :Ill' J J J J J J •Ill• J j J J j :J :Ill: J J J J J J :II

93. V V V V V V etc.

~ § II: E[ r EF re:lii: j J J j J J :Ill: J J J J J J'IQ J J J J J 11

D.C.

twg g @@g @ :Ill: J J J J J J :Ill: j J j j :J j :Ill: J J 3 J 3 3 11

 21

This section involves the problem of the preceding one while adding a new one:
skipping across the middle string in groups of three adjacent strings. This
must be done cleanly. Postion the hand so that the reach of the fingers is
equally distributed in each direction. Do not move the hand.

r-, V r-, V r-, V etc.

94. V r-, V r-, V r-, etc. D.C.

~ § II: WtrJ~i~"iNtP=III: WJDJJ:III: JQHJflll: WJDJllll: ffiffi=ll

,., V ,., V ,., V etc.

V r-, Vr-, Vr-, etc.
95.
:9: m rn D.C.

I = ffi ffi =Il = A h =Il = JJjj Jj'lll= QJ@Q JQ'II= J2JJ Jj'lll= A A =II
> > etc. ~ ~
~ ~

r-, V V r-, V V etc.

96.
-± > > etc. rn ~ ~ ~
D.C.

%~ I = WW=III= $$=111= WJDJlill= JQJJJJ=III= JjJJJlill= $$ •II

97. r-, V V r-, V V etc. D.C.

rn m m
~
~ ~ I= ffi ffi =Il = M A =Il = JWJJ Jj'lll= JJ@@ Jg'lll= J2JJ Jj'lll= AM =II
> > etc. ~

98. r-, r-, V r-, r-, V etc. D.C.

i 9 II= EfJEfJ~iHffi ffi=lll= WJBjJ:ill= JQJJQJ'III= WJDJHI= flJ ip =II

r-, r-, V r-, r-, V etc.
99.
rn D.C.
~
i
> > etc. ~
J
~ I = Ef! E£(111= A h=III'J JjjJj'lll= J@@Jg'lll= J2JJWJIII= j¥j ri =II
~ ~

1;. ~,., ,.,~,.,,., :!~: ~ m ~ ~c.

i B I = W W =Il = f f =Il = WJ JWJ J=Il = JQ JWJ J=Il = WJ JWJ J=Il = f $ •II
22

I 0 I. V r1 r1 V r1 r1 etc. D.C
-i_ etc. ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ I = ffj Cf1 =Il = fj h =Il = JWJj WJIII= J3JJ JQ'III= JWJJ WJIII= h
> >

fJ =I

102. V V r'1 V V r'1 etc. D.C

' ~ I = EfJEfJ=Ii~·ffiffl=lll= JjJJJllll= WJJJJJ=III= JjJJjJ=III= ffiffi =I

103. V V r'1 V V r1 etc.

etc. rn rn
D.C
i > > ~ ~
~ ~ II= ffj ffj =Il = fj h =Il = JWJJ WJIII= JUJJ Jg'lll= JWJJ WJIII= ri ri l

I 04. r1 r1 r1 r1 r1 r1 etc. D.C

E etc. ~ ~ ~ ~
~§ I = WW=III= fif=lll= JjJJjJ:III= JQJJQJ=III= JjJJjJ=III= ¥¥ l
> >

IOS. r1 r1 r1 r1 r1 r1 etc.
-i > > etc. rn ~ ~ ~
D.C

~ § I = ffjffj=lll= hfJ=III=J'lJJWJIII=JJJJWg'lll=jJJJWJII= hri =I

';_6. ~ v v~ v v=~~: ~ ~ ~ ~.c

~ MI = WW =Il = ¥ 9 =Il = Jj JWJ J=Il = JQ dJ@ J=Il = WJ JWJ J=Il = Ff ¥ =I

I 07. V V V V V V etc. D.C

i rn
~ g I= Eff Cf1 =Il = h h =Il = J2JJ Jj=lll= JWJJ JQIKJ WJJ JJIII= h h
> > etc. ~ ~ ~
=I
 This is a variation of No. 29; quintuplets and septuplets are introduced. Play
all accents as shown. Again, concentrate first on accuracy.

~ v ~ v ~
v v ~
v v ~ v ~~ v ~ V etc.
108. v ~ v ~ ~ ~ v ~ v ~ v ~etc.
> > > > > >

6 l ltL( r €8 r =Ill= f r r f r r
3 3
=Ill= f f rrf F rr
'
~
v v ~
v v ~ v ~ v ~ v v ~v v ~v v
~ ~ ~ V etc.
~ ~ v ~ v ~ v ~ ~etc.
> > > >

6 II= f F F F
5
f f r f
5
r r liF f c F F F
6
f f f f
6
F f r
v ~v v ~v v ~v v ~v v ~v v ~v v ~v v ~v v ~v v ~v v ~v etc.
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ etc.
D.<
> > > >

II= C r r TJf r r f :1: f f f f f f f r f f r r r r f

' f f f f f f !

7 7

Apply the above formula to the following sets of adjacent strings.

109. 110. Ill. 112.

I~ v ~ v ~ v ~ v ~ v ~ V ~ Vetc.
113. v ~ v ~ v .~ v ~ v ~ v ~ V ·~etc.
> > > > > >

6i r r r f ~- r-c~t
• •
II= ( j
E J =Ill= f [ 7f
3
r [ f =Ill=

v ~v V V Vetc.
~ ~ ~ ~
V ~ V ~ V ~ etc.
> > > >

F f f f t f Ef 5::! c C:E f F[ [ f[ ~
'
II= F f =Ill=
5 5 6 6

·.
~ v ~ v ~ v ~ v ~ v ~ v ~ v ~ V ~ V ~ V ~ V etc.
v ~ v ~ v ~ v ~ v ~ v ~ v ~ V ~ V ~ V ~ V ~ etc. 0.1

6II: [ [ f[ [ [
7
frffff[f
7
=Ill= 5f F F f F f f r f f f f f [ F
>

Apply the above formula to the following sets of adjacent strings.

114. liS. 116.

&a fJ fJ
.... II 6~fJjJII 4~JOjJ II
24

v v ~ v
v v v ~v v
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ V etc.
118. v ~ v ~ v ~ v ~ v ~ ~ etc.

~~ ~ =Ill~ f
>
j ~
> >
~-·
~ ~ ~
p

6a c
..

-11= ~
j >
=liFT? r r > 3 F F r >
=II
3

v ~v v ~v v
~ ~ ~ V etc.
~etc.
>

=Ill= [ r ~ ~ r j J J J J ]
--------
5
>

~
5

V ~ V ~ V
6
'
~ V ~ V ~ V 1"'1 V etc.
> 6
=II

V ~ V ~ V ~ V ~ V ~ V ~ V :-,etc. D.C.

@.· >
~ J ~ il J J =Il = Fr , rrrrI' E5555555 =II
--
7
7

Apply the above formula to the following sets of adjacent strings.

119. 120.

6~BjJII ' ~ J J :f11

122.
1"'1
v v
~
~
v ~
v ~
v v
~
~
v v
1"'1
~
v v
~ --
~

v
I v
\
v etc.
:-,etc.

t
> > > > > >

* ~ II: [ __,
J Er :Ill:
E
3
r t E
3
r :Ill: ~ r : r t F F r :II
~ v 1"'1v v ~v v 1"'1 v ~ v v ~v v ~v v
~ 1"'1 :-, y etc.
v ~ ~ 1"'1 v 1"'1 v 1"'1 ; etc.
> > > >

~ ~ r r r r ~ ~ ~ ~
-·
:II
II=
~ ~ ~ r =Ill=
~ ~
•
E: j f f r
5 5 6 6

~
v ~v v ~v ~v ~v ~v ~v ~v ~v ~v ~v ~v ~v
~ ~ ,, ,
...
v ~v v v v .,v
I
~

\
I
v etc.
- etc.
> > > > D.C.
--

II: ~ rrr Fr F~ FF FFF

* 7 7
F =Ill= 6F F 5 FFFr i c c c cc F r =II
Apply the above formula to the following sets of strings.
123. 124. 125.

6a ~ ~ II 6a J J J J II 6a J Q J Q I
 ri v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l V etc.
126. v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l etc.
> > > > > >
• •
a II= C J E =Ill= r ~ f ~ f Ul= r ttfrttf
I
' i"'l
v
>
v
i"'l
i"'l
v
v
~
i"'l
v
:f
v
i"'l
>
i"'l
v
v
i"'l
3

i"'l
v i"'l
v
c 3

i"'l
V i"'l
V i"'l
V
V
i"'l
i"'l
V
Vetc.
i"'l etc.

II= r iii fFiiif

J
' i"'l
v
>
v
i"'l
i"'l
v
5

v
i"'l
i"'l
v
v i"'lv v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v
i"'l i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l
>
5 6

i"'l V i"'l V i"'l V i"'l V etc.

V i"'l V i"'l V i"'l V i"'l etc.
> >
6

D.1

r i i i i i f ~ i i i i i F =Ill= c§i i i i i f r i i i i i i F
' II=
7

Apply the above formula to the following sets of strings.

7

127. 128. 129.

PDQ I 6lJWJ211 6~ a'"J a~ J I

i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v i"'lv V etc.
130. v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l i"'l etc.

ir
>
~
> >

e r r ~ ~ ~ =Ill= j J •--J
F"

a II= f -
~

J
' =Ill= r r
~
j > > 3 >
3

v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v v i"'lv v i"'lv v

v i"'lv v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l v i"'l
i"'l i"'l .i"'l i"'l i"'l V etc.
i"'l etc.

i i r r r r r a 33J3•
> >

j j J J J
' II=

i"'l
v
r r r r
5
> 5
=Ill=

i"'l
6

V i"'l V i"'l V i"'l Vetc.

V i"'l V i"'l V i"'l V i"'l etc.
> 6

D.<

6 II= [ FFFFFr
7
2 7
-

=Ill= f 5 5 5 5 r qr Q3 3 3 3 3 2 2

Apply the above formula to the following sets of strings.

n1a 'j
131. 132.

'~ 1 J fO I J
26
These exercises are closely related to studies for right-hand in classical guitar literature. All possible
picking patterns are not given. The student, along with the guidance of a qualified teacher, will have to
determine those other poss ib iIi ties.
r-, V r-, V etc.
133. ~ ~ ~ Qetc. r"l r"l r"l V r"l r"l r"l ~ r"l V V V r"l V V V r"l V V VD.C.

& II= JJ j
>
j =Ill=~ j J a =IIEJfE
> >
=Ill= j J J J JJ J ]
>
=Ill=
>
=Ill= dJ ~ J =II
>
r-,
V r-, V etc.
V r-, V r-, etc.
V V V r-, V V V r-, V V V r-, V r-, r-, ,., V i1 r-, r-, V r-, i1 r-, D.C.

'
134.

II= : J J] =Ill= :1 j]
~

lll=
-

jij j rill=
1J1 jj
-

]] =Ill=
f=
911= :~J
-
j
===-J =II

r-, V r-, V etc.

135. V r-, V r-, etc.

' II= F f f J 911= J ~ J l J 1 J ~ J 1J j J j =Ill=

>
91

!
&II= J J 1J ) J J J =Ill= J > @
r--r--r-.,.-.,_,..-r-..,.....,r--T"'-r--r--r--r--r-~....;D.C.
J ~ J 1J 1J j J J J j J 1J 1J !
~ > >
=II
> >
136. r-, V ,., V etc.
-:i_ V r-, V ., etc.

i II=@ @ Q JE
2 =Ill= J Q @ Q 8 2 =Ill= J @ J J j Q =II

' II= JI J1Jl J~ J: JJffJ I J~ J~ J~ J1J1Jf~i

., V r-, V etc.
911=
137. V ., V ., etc.

#
~>
II= J J j
>
J 911=
>
J J j J >
>
j J =Ill= J ~ · j J ~j J ~
> >
>
J =II
>
r--r-,-..,.-~.....,....-,.......,._,...-,--~__,...""~""-~D.C.

4II=! J 1J ) J j J §J J 111= ~ J 1J1J j : J@ J j J 1J l J ~ J li

> > >
> >
138. ., V ., V etc.
v n v r-, etc.

&II= Q J 2 J =Ill= @ J Q J 2 @ JE =Ilk i Q Q J1 91

4 1j Jj ij ~ j ~ J J Jli i j ~ ij ~ J~ j JJ1j j i·~j

II= =Ill=
139. ii IV ii y etc.
v ii v ii etc.

JJ J J J J J J =Ill= JJ j
J j j j j =Ill=
~ J J J j J JJ

' II=
::>
::>
etc.

D.C

r[ ~ F F F F =Ill= a J J J J J J ~II=
j
JJ j JJJJj .

' 140.
II= (

v iiv v
ii
::>
ii
~

V etc.
ii etc.

dJ~ j J J J J
&II= [ ~ ~ f
j j j j =Ill=
::> etc.
=Ill=
J
J J J JJ
J J
'
II= j J JJ @@@g=lli=J J ~ j g J J J =liP ; j ; J S S S
A A D.C
=

These sextuplets should also be played as follows:

a. b.
BBB1JJJJJJ
::> ::> ::> ::> ::>

v r,v v ~v iiv
ii .~ V etc.
141. ii etc.

&II= J ~ Jj ~ J
j J 9 j
JJ J 6
j
J
j
JJJJ 6
=Ill=~ J J
6
J 6
=I

::> >- etc.

D.C.
~ ~ :j ~ J ~ ~ ~ lll= J J J J J J
~ J=a J II=
6
J 6 6
J Jj 3~ ~
6
:J

v iiv iiv iiv iiv

ii
Vetc.
142. iietc.!!!!;
I JJ .r j J J J J =Ill= J J ~
6 II= ::>
6
Ja3 >- etc.
6
6
JJJ J
J ~ J
6
J 2 :j

J ~ Jj J
JJJ J J JJ JJJ J
--
j
II= J J JJJJ =Ill= j

' 6
6 6 6
=
28

~ Vetc.
V ~etc.

J J Jj J j J J 111= Ji l "1 j
6 6
j JJJa JJ6
=II
>-etc.

D.C.

~ I= j j J J J J j J J J a J J =II
6 6

v ~v ~v ~v ~
~
Vetc.
144. v ~etcJ

~ II=
JJ
>-
JJ JJ
6
>- etc.
j J J J J =Ill= d J J
6 J JJd Ja 5 J j u
6
6

D.C.

~ II:J J J ; JJ J J( J J J ~1P J ]) ] J d j ] J ] J =II

6
6

145. ~V ~ ~V ~ ~ yetc.
v ~etC.

J J =Il = J S J J ; Jf!d
I I I I

' II= JJ J J J J J ; ; ~ 6 6
j ~ il
6 >- etc. 6

D.C.
j ] JJjJJll
~ II= j JJj
6
6

146 ~ V ~ V ~ Vetc.
ci' V ~ ; ~ ,.V ~etc:P:::::;J==;:J=J=!==J~J
~ II= f f ~ ~
>-
r: -~ _ ~ ~
J etc. 6
~ ~ =Ill= ; F I7
6
JJ1 l l ~
~ ~
J J =II
6 6

D.C.

~HI:W J j J j
6
J JJ J J J ~II= J #1 9 j a J j ( J j ]21
OJ
6
6
 Alternate accented rhythmic patterns for this group:
b.

>
IJ
>
Jfi=
These two variations are applicable to previous and future three-note figures.

r1 V r1 V r1 V etc.
147 V r1 V r1 V r1 etc.
iJ :J [
• r1 r1 V r1 r1 '/ etc.

' II= :jJ 3 j J :ill: fJ 3 j E

>
j
> >
d
>
f3; 'll¥1[f3 Jj J frl=d
>
~

> > >

~

>
r1 V r1 V r1 V etc.
~ r1 V V V r1 etc.
148. ~v r1 ~v r1 etc. ~ - - - - - - c
fJi=; >
JJ J J] =Il = Lffl I]]
> > >
{j] =III=J ]] 1 JD Jj] Jijj
> > > > >

r1 V r1{V VV) etc.

149. V r1 V (r1
r1r1V
r1) etc.
r1r1
V r1 ,., v r1 r1 v v v r1 v v r1 v v ..
0
> >

r1 V r1 0L r1 V) etc
150. V r1 VV (T"1 V r"1) etc: r1 V r1 r1 V r1 r1 V ,., r1 V ,., r1 V D
-i_ ,., ::"l ::"l ,, , '
f 3~ ~II= E E:f !II= f3 ~ =Il = Jj J 111= f d :
r1 r1 >

11\1 II= JJ 3 :lll'f j HII=

> >

r1 V r1 (V r1 V)etc.
V r1 V (M V r1)etc, D
151. vvn vVn v v ,., v v r1 ,., ,., v ,., r1 v
..
>
- --~=

r1 V r1 {V r1 V) etc.
V r1 V (r1 V r1 etc. D
152. 1.. v ,., v- v r1 v v r1 v v r1 v v ,., v- v ,., ';! \ ..
' II= cf:j :Ill=~ JJ :Ill= 2J gu1: t g !II=! J glll= tJ Jlll=
3 cr_·
,., v r1 v ,., v
r1 etc.
153. v r1 v r1 v ,r-1 etc. ,., r1 ,., v
v v v r1 r1 r1 v v v r1 r1 '
J ~ j 3 J ~ t .J J t
~ t r J =Ill=~ J j
1
'
II= 911= ~

> > etc.

v v ,., ,., ,., r1 r1 ,., v v v v v v - --,
u

J J J j =Ill= J J
~ J ill J J J J ;
'
II= F =Ill= F
d ~
I
-....,- -#
30

Play as written.
The four sixteenth notes should also be played as eighth notes and accented as follows:
a. b. c.
I

II J J J J II J J J J II J
:> :>- :> :> :>
J J -j
~
:>
II

n v n v etc.
154. V n V n etc. D.C.

$ II= ( E [jell= i 3 J :J 111'J J J J =Ill= JJJ 5 ~II= j J J J ~ll=i J J:lu]

n v n v etc.
155. v n v n etc.
~ ~
II= F [ Ef
etc
=Iii= J ~ Jj =Ill= JJj J =Ill= J J J@=Ill= J J J J =Ill= I

J J
A
~ J =II
D.C.

n v n v etc.
156. V n V n etc. D.C.

$ II= ( r (J e'=lil= £J J S =Ill= J j j J =Ill= JJj J

J =Ill= j j J =Ill= £J J) =II

n v n v etc.
157. V n V n etc. DC

J =Ill= J JJ-.j . =ll o J J J =Ill= J J J j

>- etc. . .

~ II= EG r r =Ill= J ~ J j =Ill= JJJ =II

n v n v etc.
158. V n V n etc. D.C.

~ II= ( r cJ e;lil= £] J J =Ill= JJ j J =Ill= Jj j : =Ill= JJ j J =Ill= f] ; J511

n v n v etc.
159. v n v n etc.
~ ~
J J =llld J JJ =Ill= JJJg=llld j JJ=liP q j
etc. 1 q D.C.

II= CG rr
w
=liP j
--,j
=II
 These quintuplets should be played as written in addition to the following accented rhythmic patterns:

a.) b.) c.) d.)r-3--, e.) r-3--, f.) r-3-

& JJDJiJH¥fflJTIJt£JJJJiJJ.rJJUJJJ.
>- >- >- >- >- >- >- >- > >->- >- >-

This sequence of patterns applies to all future groups of quintuplets.

i1 V il V i1 (V i1 V i1 V)etc.
160. V i1 V i1 V (i1 V i1 V i1)etc. D.

& II: ( Ff [J =Ill: f J J J J =Ill: Jj J J J :Ill: JJ J J] :Ill: JJ J J J :Ill= ~ J J: -

i1 V i1 V i1 (V ~ V V) t
161. V i1 V i1 V (~_ y ~ 9~):t~: _ D.

& II: ([ ru :Ill: n a JJ:Ill= aJ w Jg:Ill: w a J JJ =Ill: w J w JJ=Ill: n J A

162.
i1 vi1 i1
V i1 V i1 V
v (V ~ V ~ V) etc. D
>- (M V ~ V~)etc. _ ·

&II: cr r u :Ill: DaJJ :Ill= fJ J J3 :Ill= p 4go:Ill= 41 u p =Ill: fJ n--

i1V i1V i1V i1V i1V (V M V ~ V) etc.

163. (~ V ~ V M)etc. D.

&I = Ec c u =Ill: fffl J:ill: J J J ag :Ill= JgJg :Ill= 11 J p :liKJ J ~ ;;i w

164.
i1 v
i1 i1
V i1 V i1 V
v (V ~ V ~ V) etc.
>- (~ v ~ V ~)etc. _D.

&I = cr Ed =Il = fJ J J1 :Ill= jJ J j J =Il = fj JJJ=Il = J1 JJJ :Ill= fJ ;-- ~ _

165 VV i1V V i1V (V ~ V ~ V) etc.
• >- i1 i1 (M__ V ~ v ~)etc. _ D.

&II: [ Fc N' :Ill= JBJ ] ] J:Ill: i] JJJ:Ill: JJJJ g=Ill: £j Jj 2:11: • .. ; ~l

- ~ ------
32

This group is to be played as indicated. In addition, apply the following patterns:

a.) 3 3 b.) 6

II J J J J J J II J J J J J J II
:::> :::> :::>

r'1 V r'1 V r'1 V etc.

166.

~ II: aE! Er ~lil fJ n

V r'1 V r'1 V r'1 etc.

Jj :Ill: Fn n :Ill: :p fj fj :Ill: Fh h :Ill: p.a n :II

D.C.

r'1 V r'1 V r'1 V etc.

V r'1 V r'1 V r'1 etc.

ir
167. D.C.

~ II: E£ Ef ~Iii; H h lj :Ill: h h Jj :Ill: fj J5Jg :Ill: h rl JJ :Ill: h h fJ :II

r'1 V r'1 V r'1 V etc.

168.

~ II: aff ir ~ifl; pE

V r'1 V r'1 Vr'1 etc.

]1 :Ill' fl Jj 0P :Ill: jJJlP :Ill: Jd Jj p :Ill: fl E S :II

D.C.

r'1V r'1 V r'1 V etc.

169. V r'1 V r'1 V r'1 etc. D.C.

f 1 Et Uif ~jj; 13 .a lJ :Ill: tj jj 1j :Ill: Jj4Jd] :llf!j J1 1J :11P'l£1IJ I -,j

r'1 V r'1 V r'1 V etc.

170. V r'1 V r'1 V r'1 etc. D.C.

~·· II: ; Uif ~jl fJ jj J) :Ill: jjj # :Ill: ~g;Jg~fO :Ill: JQJj p :Ill: 1J ~ n :II
r'1 V i1 V i1 V etc.
I 7 I. V i1 V i1 V i1 etc. D.C.

~ lJi Er;; Qt ~jf:· JJ fi fJ :Ill: !lJJ=jJ :Ill: JJj'1@ :Ill: ljiJJ_jJ :Ill: Jj J1J3=l
 33

i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.
172.

' II: ad Er ~lil np

V i1 V i1 V i1 etc.

Jj :Ill:
D.C.

Fp:a :Ill: J:J'F n:Ill: _;p # n :Ill: p tl n :II

i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.
173. V i1 V i1 V i1 etc. D.C.

' II: ij b~ ~lil lh91J :Ill: n Jj jj :Ill: th'Jij :Ill: h lJ jj :Ill: n AtJ tll

i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.
174. V i1 V i1 V i1 etc. D.C.

' II: it ff if ~jfi; JJ nil :Ill= j fJ P :Ill: ~gg:p :Ill: j fJ )] :Ill: E:0 li 1

i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.
175. V 11 V i1 V i1 etc. D.C.

' II: Qit~ ~ifl; Jj E fl :Ill= !j j'j:jj :Ill: !J:fi~llll: ij jjj :Ill: ffiJ !JBII

i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.

i II: it aEf ~jfi; nJJ n :Ill: JJJJ n :Ill: 1¥ n :Ill: JlfJ h :Ill: E~ /:jl
176. V i1 V i1 V i1 etc. D.C.

i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.
177. V i1 V i1 V i1 etc. D.C.

' I = (if~ ~jfi; n fJ fl :Ill: h JJJJ :Ill: ngg=Jg :Ill: h dJfl :Ill: l#J ft-1
34
Use the following additional accented patterns for this group:
a. 3 3 3 b. 3 c. 3 d. 3 e. 3

ij--JJJ JIJ JJJ I JJJ JJ !J JJ II £9-JJJ JJJJII JJJJiJJ JJ I JJ 1t.Q JJJ

::> ::> ::> :> ::> ::> .> ::> ::> ::> > ::> > > ::> > ::> > ::>
r1V r1 V r1 V r1 V r1 etc.
178. V r1 V r1 V r1 V r1 V etc.
~ ::> ::> ::> ::> ::> etc. =4 ::)

\'\ElRc r r EE f ff:f9lllq J J J f*=t ~ ~ =Ill= J J J4 J fi ±±j

4 II= @JJ JJ J J J J =Ill= JJ J J J J J J =Ill= f J m J J nffij OJ

r1 v r1 v r1 v r, v li. etc.
179. V r1 V r1 V r1 V r1 V etc.
-j:. >- > > > > etc. ~

~ rr E f rr f Pill= J J J J J 3 J J = =Ill= J Jj J J J J B
II= L =I,

$-411= fJ JJ JJJ J J =Ill= gJ J J J J J J Hlf J J J J J J 3 J t·~:

r1V r1 V r1 V r1 V r1 etc.
180. V r1 V r1 V r1 V r1 V etc.
~ = ~
u r cf f F =Ill= fJ J j J J J ~ : =Ill= J J JJ J J :J J J ~
> > > > >etc.
II= c E

~ II= j gggJJ J J J =lll=g JJ J J J :JJ J =Ill= J J J J J J¥F11

r1V r1 V r1 V r1 V r1 etc.
181. V r1 V r1 V r1 V r1 V etc.

~ II: E rE[ Er FcJ eli!: j J J J J J J J 3 =Ill: J J j J J J J JJ =II

~ II: j J J J J J 1 33=III:J J j J j J J J g .J- i J J J J Jj JD.~i
r1 V r1 V r1 V r1 V r1 etc.
182. V r1 V r1 V r1 V r1 V etc.
-p_ > > > > > etc. ___t::::]
~ II= C f r r L E r EJ =Ill= 7J J J J J J J G· ItT; J J J J JJ gt1
-j. r~ o.c.
~ II= J J J JJJ JJ3=Ill= J J J J J J JJ3 =Ill= r J J J J j J J =I
r1 V r1 V r1 V r1 V r1 etc.
183. V r1 V r1 V r1 V ii V etc.
-i: > > > > > etc. _r ~

~ II= F F [ r [ t r CJ =Ill= JC ~ J J 3 j j J J =Ill= J J J J J J JJ g5!1

ft II= J J JJJ@gg3=Ill= J J J J J JJJ J =Ill= f J J 3 J j J J Jjj
 - -- ---------~~~~~~

35

Practice using previous accented patterns for five note groups.

V r1 V r1 etc.
184• V r1 V r1 V etc.

$HI: f J ] :l J
:::=- etc.
•lttf j 3 J J illfJ4 J J t!f£ WJ jj
V r1 etc.
185 .
r1 ~ V r1 V etc.
v )
4±m j :::=- etc.
JJJ :ill: Jj 3 J 9= :Ill: JJ J J l :Ill: j ji~
V r1 V r, etc.
186 r1 r1 V r1V etc.
. VF J
~ II: }.L_J 7J :J = "
:Ill: fJ=d J J :Ill: j J J J J :Ill: j j J J= -J AI
= D.C.

r1 V r1 V r1 etc.
187. V r1 V r1 V etc. D

J.
~ II: j J J J :Ill: j J j J 3 :Ill: ;f J J J J :Ill: f j j J 3 ·j

r1
V v
r1
r1
V v r1 etc.
189 • - r1 V etc

~ II: F J J J J :ill: i J J j
:::=- etc.
J :llld J J J g :III:J J J tJF~

190.
r1
V
v
r1
r1
V
v
""" r1 etc.
1 1
Vetc.

t II: : et~. J J ] =Il = J J ] J J :III:J j J J g :Ill: J J ] j Jf1

191
. rv r1
V r1
r1
V
v r1 etc.

J =llld j J J § :Ill: J J ] Jiii

r1 v etc.
~ I = ~ et:. j ] J :III:J J]j
36
Utilize the following accented patterns:
a. s b. 3 c. 3

J JJ J J J J I FJ J J J Fl IJ J J J J JJ
'
192.
:::>

V i1
:::>

V i1 y i1 V i1 etc.
1

y i1 V i1 V etc.
:::> :::> :::> :::> :::> :::> :::>

D.C.

&I = j J J J J J J =Il = J] J J J J J =Il = JJ J J J J J =Il = f] J J ffi :fl

:::> :::> :::> :::> etc.

V V i1 V i1 etc.
193. V i1 V i1 V i1 V etc. D.C.

&II: f J QJ ~ J : ~l~~ J ]J J J 3J :Ill= JJ JJ J j J :Ill= :fJ j J J J BJ

V i1 y i1 etc.
194. V ~ V i1 V i1 V etc. D.C.

&II: fJ Q] l J : ~ ~!~ fl j ] ] J J :Ill: JJJJJ ]J :Ill= ~1 J ] ] J 3 =II

V V i1 V i1 etc.
195 V i1 V i1 V i1 V etc. D.C.

&. II: j j l ]~ J : ~\tj JJj J J 3=Ill: JJJJ j J J :Ill: JJJ]J J L1

i1 ~ i1 V i1 V i1 etc.
196. V V i1 V i1 V etc. D.C.

&II: J J J JJ J ] :Ill: d J J J 3 ] J=Il = J J J J J JJ =I m ~ 3 J J=II

:::> :::> :::> ::>e~ ~

i1 V i1 V i1 V i1 etc.
197. V i1 V i1 V i1 V etc. D.C.

$ I = J J J J J J] :Ill= J J J 3 j j J:Ill: J ] J"'! ~~:Ill= J J J J ] J j :II

:::> :::> :::> :::> etc. _.. _.. 7

i1
V i1
v i1 v
i1 i1
v
i1 etc.
198. V V i1 V etc. D.C.

$ II,J J ] J J j }Ill: JJ ]] j JJ:lll= ifjj

:::> :::> :::> :::>~.
· illll= Jj ] j j J]'ll
..~ . . ~

V~ i1 V i1 V i1 etc.
199. V i1 V i1 V etc. D.C.

~ II:: J ~ J 1]]1!t. J J J JJJJ:Ill: J J J JJJg=Ill: J J J JJJ J:II

 37
Use these additional accented patterns:

& JJJJJJJJJJPJJJEJJJJ I BJJJJJJJJj

a. 3 3 b. 3 3 c. 3 3

> >>> > >> > > > > >> > >

V r1 V r1 V r1 V etc.
200. r1V ~
JJ etc.
Q1'1 V 1'1 V ~x5
.. DC

& "' D >

JJJJJ etc.:Ill:
> > > >
JJJ3JJJJJJ=Ill= JJJ J
JJJaaJJ :Ill= JJJJ;m JB311
V r1 V r1 V r1 V etc.
20 I r1 V r1 r1 V r1 V r1 V r1 etc.
· V VJ
t 11! I
r"1 D.C.

II: J J~ J~ et~~~~: JJ JJJj j JjJ :Ill: JJJJJ JJJJJ:Ill: JJ ]]]j ~ j jJ =II

202. 5etc.
Q~ Q1'1 Q1'1
V V r1 y r1 V etc.
V 1'1 V D.C.

J:
&II= lJ1Jl J1 et~~l= j]J JJJJJJJ =Ill= JJJJJJJ j J J=lll=jj]]]] Jfl;u
V r1 V r1 V etc.
v
203
"'1 V ~ V r1V ~ v r"1 r1 etc.
~ JJJ . ~ n· .
D c

&II= fJ
• v r1 v r1
1)! Ji ~ et~~l= J]JJ j JJJJi =Ill= JJQJJ j JJJJ=Ill= JJJJ JJJJC111
D.C.
•.t~

4~ > > > > > • etc. • • =i • ••

r1Vr1Vr1V V
V r1 Vr1 Vr1 r1 r1 V etc.
205. ~ V r1 V r1 etc. D.C.

ffl! J~ j l J1J~~~: i] Jj ] ] JJJJ =Ill= W JJJJJJJQ@ =Ill= JJJJJj ] ]JJ J

206.
r1Vr1Vr1V
V r"1 V r1 V r1
JJ y~ r1V Vr1 etc.
etc.
_ D c

& II=~ ~ JdJlJlJ ;~J~ nJJJJJJJJ =Ill= aaJJJJJJJQ =Ill= nJJJJJJJ] ~

r1Vr1Vr1V
V r1 V r1 V r"1 r1 V r1 V etc.
207. -. V r1 V r1 etc

> > etc.

g4·
&II= : J: J~ Jj j j}Jk B JJJj JJJJ =Ill= JJJj j JJQQQ =Ill= JJJJ3] JJ.=
38

Practice this group of eighth notes, accenting the first of two,

then as sixteenth notes.

208 i1 V i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.
. v i1 v i1 v i1 v rl etc.

i-Jtg J @J J J 1J e;~I'J J J J j ¥ J =Ill= ffj Lld J 3 =II

~ D.C.

it 11=-er E r r r r1 • J J J 3 £H = =Ill= i 1J J J J J iHI

i1 V i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.
209. V i1 V i1 V i1 V i1 etc.
~ > > > > etc. --1 J
~ II= Gift r F E r: r =liP J W W ] j J =Ill= f J J j J J J J =II

D.C.

~¥1 J J J j J @J@ =I lid J j j J J J j :IJP oJ J J 3 j J JJ1

2 I 0. i1 V i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.
V i1 V i1 V i1 V i1 etc.

@Ig gJ=J J J 1 J =Ill: J J J J J J J 3 =Ill: f j J 3 t=tJ hJI

~ > > ek.
>

~ :] D.C.
~ lf: : EFr f fi :Ill' j J J 3 J J J~ =Ill] J J J J J J FJ
 39

~ V ~ V ~ V ~ V etc.
21 1. V ~ V ~ V ~ V ~ etc.

' 11=1 F [ E FE ~ ret~ill: Ffij 3 J J 3 =llld J J J J J J fDll

212
.
~ V ~ V ~ V ~ V etc.
v ~ ~v ~ etc. ua
v v §=
f=:tJnJ J Jfi =Il= J#] J J J: =Ill= fHz= =Ill= Jj Jj Hbl
~ ~
~ D.C.

~ >- >- >- etc.

>-

VV ~ V ~ V ~ V etc.
213. ~ V ~ V ~ y ~ etc - D.C.

f ->- >-
=IIi= fJ
II= J J 13 J JJ@ etc. >- >-
±J ] j j J=l!d j j Jj JJ¥ =Ill= R J J ] j JJ8!1
-:J

214 ~ V ~ V ~ V ~ V etc.
V ~ V ~ V ~ V ~ etc. ~ ~ ~ J~
J D.C.

j- II= JJJTI J JF:lll= [ J j j J J J:: =Ill= fJ d J ; ; J

•

>- >- etc. -.

=Ill= j JP W L =ll
::::>
>-

~
y
v ~V v v
~ ~
P"!
1 1 ~ y etc.
215. V ~ V ~etc. - D.C.

' II= J J J J JJ J etc.

>-
=II PO
>- ..:>- >-
J llfftJ =Ill= J J JJJJJj =Ill= £J j 3] j j JZ:!I
-#

216.
~
v
V ~ V i'1 V ~ V etc.
r1 v r1 v r1 v 1'1 etc. ~ ~ J a ..
DC

' II=JJ@Ji j QJ J!!=JJ J] J J 3J =lll=lfH j;; =lll=:f# j j WJ= iJ1

>-

V~ V V ~ V ~ y etc.
217. ~ V ~ V ~etc. - D.C.

' II= : J~ Jl J 1]j!!= j J J ] ] ]JJ=Ill= J J j JJJJJ=Il= fj J ] ] jJ}1

40

The studies should be played first as eighth notes, then sixteenth

notes with appropriate accent placement. Two more challenging
patterns can be applied to these, as well as all previous
four-note groups.
a. 3 b. 3
tl J J J J II J J J J II
> > > >

i1 V i1 V etc.
218. V i1 V i1 etc. D.C

'f IF ~ [ f; ·;~1: j a J J :ill: J J j j :Ill: J 3J J :IIF JJ j j :ill: j J J b

___,

i1 V i1 V etc.
219. V i1 V i1etc. D.C

' II: ; f [; ·:fil: j JJ 3 :Ill: J JJ j J J

:Ill: J J J :Ill: J Jj :Ill: jJ Jj :1

i1 V i1 V etc.
220. V i1 V i1 etc. D.C

' II: [ r fJ ·;fiF j ] J J :ill: JJJ j :Ill: JJJJ :Ill: JJJ j :Ill: j ] ~ J :1

i1 V i1 V etc.
221. V i1 V i1 etc. D.C

' II: [ r f=r ·;Iii: J J J ] :Ill: j J J J :Ill: J j

- -#-#
; J:Ill: j J JJ :Ill: J J Jb
i1 V i1 V etc.

c[&:ill: n
222. V i1 V i1 etc.
etc. D.C

& 11, w aa J :Ill: J a aJ :Ill: 4J J J:Ill: w a aJ :Ill: w a a

i1 V i1 V etc.

cr r1 ·:llF
223. V i1 V i1 etc. D.C

, 11, j a J J :I IF J a J3:Ill] JaJ:Ill: J aJ3:Ill: j J J J :1

 41

Apply all previous five note accented patterns.

r1 y r1 y r1 etc.
224. V r1 V r1 V etc. D.C.

' II= ( f f u ~1il j JJ J J =Ill= JJ j j J=Ill= JJJJ3•Ill= JJj j j =Ill= j J J J J 'II

r1 V r1 y r1 etc.
225. V r1 V r1 V etc. D.C.

' II= ([ [ fJ ~j~ j J J J J=Ill= JJ J J j =Ill: JJJ JJ=Ill: JJ J J j =Ill: j J J J J:II

r1y r1 y r1 etc.
226. V r1 V r1 V etc. D.C.

' IF ( r r [1 ~lil J] ] J J:Ill: JJJJ J:Ill: JJJJ3•Ill: JJJJJ=Ill= J] ] J J =II

r1y r1 y r1 etc.
227. V r1 V r1 V etc. D.C.

&II= ( r r fr ~Iii; J J J J ] :Ill: j Jj JJ=II~ JJJ JQ:Ill= j J j Jj :Ill= j fiJTI

r1V r1 V r1 etc.
228. V r1 V r1 V etc. D.C.

&II= f f [ f1 ~~~; J J J J ] :Ill= j J J JJ=Ill= J J J JJ:Ill= j J J JJ=Ill= J J J J $:~

r1 V r1 V r1 etc.
229. y r'1 y r1 y etc. D.C.

&II= E[ r 0 ~{fl; J 2J ] J :Ill= J JJJJ:!IF JJgJJ:IIF j JJJJ:Ill= J J ~ ~ ·J1

42

Apply all previous six-note accented patterns.

V r"' V r"' Vetc.
r"'
230. V r1 V r1 V r1 etc. D.C.

&II= ff fEff l1; JJJJ JJ =Ill= jJ JJ JJ =Ill= JUJJJflll= JJJJ JJ =Ill= JJJJ JJ =II

r"' V r"' V r"' V etc.

231. V r"' V r"\ V r"' etc. D.C.

t II: 2r fEEr :ifl; JJJJJJ=Ill: JJJJJJ=Ill: JJJJJJ =Ill: JJJJJJ=Ill: JJJJJJ =II
r"'V r"' V r"' Vetc.
232. V r"' V r"' V r"' etc. D.C.

&I = ff frEf ~ifl; J]] JJ3=Ill= JJJJ Jj =Ill= -JJJJ JJ =Ill= JJJJ Jj =Il = j]]] JJ31

r"'V r"' V r"' Vetc.

233. V r1 V r1 V r"\ etc. D.C.

&II= Er FrFr ~iii= JJ JJ aJ=Ill= JJ JJ WJIII=JJJJ urlll= JJ JJ WJIII= JJ JJ aJ =II

r"' V r"' V r"' Vetc.

234. V r1 V r"\ V r~etc. D.C.

& II= (g [ [[r ~iii= JJJJJJ=Il = j JJJJj =Ill= JJ2JWJ =Ill= JJJJJj =Il = JJ.J JJ)ll

r"' V r"' V r"' Vetc.

235. V r"\ V r1 V r"!etc. D.C.

~4= Ef;r(r ~if~ JJ]]]] =Ill= j WJJJJ =III=JUJJJJ =Ill= j 2JJJJ =Ill= JJj j j j =II
 43

Apply all previous six-note accented patterns.

v nv
i1 r1 V i1 etc.
V i1 V etc.
236.

II' j
J
j J J etj~l: j J ] J j :Ill: JJ J j j :III:J J j J J
D.C.
:I
'
237.
:::>

v i1v
i1 i1
V
V
i1
i1 etc.
V etc.

¥11: j :::>
J
J J Jj_ll: j 3 JJJ :Ill: J J J J J :Ill: J J J J JD.~i
v i1v v i1v v etc.
i1 i1 i1 etc.
238. D.C.
~ ~
I= j J J :Ill: j J J J J :Ill= J J J J J =Il= j J J J J :I
'
239.
:::>

v i1v v i1v
i1 i1
etc.

i1 etc.
V etc.
D.C.
~
I= j J J J :Ill= j J J J J =Il = J J J J J :Ill: j 3J J f±11
'
240.
:::>

v i1v v i1v
i1 i1
etc.

i1 etc.
V etc.
D.C.
JJJJ j j JJ J
J j J J ~J j JJ J
J Jfl
' II= =Ill= =Ill= =Ill=
:::> etc.

v i1v v i1v
i1 i1 i1 etc.
241. V etc.
D.C.
JJJ ~
j J J J J j J J J
J J JJ J J
J ]I

' II= :::> =Ill= =Ill= =Ill=

etc.

v i1v v i1v
i1 i1 i1 etc.
V etc.
242.
D.C.
~ ~
JJ j dJ J J J J J J J j JJ J f]J
'
II=
:::>
=Ill=
etc.
=Ill=
J =Ill=
....

v i1v v i1v
i1 i1 i1 etc.
243. V etc.
D.C.
~
JJ j j =Ill= J J J
JJ J JJ JJ J PJ tll
'
II= :::>
etc.
=Ill=
JJ =Ill=
44

Apply all previous six note accented patterns.

1"'1 V 1"'1 V 1"'1 V etc.
V 1"'1 V 1"'1 V 1"'1 etc.
4

, • II: J I J J J Llll:
>- etc.
J >-
J J J J J :Ill: J J J J J J :Ill: j J J J J t
1"'1 V 1"'1 V 1"'1 V etc.
V V V etc.

i
1"'1 1"'1 1"'1
245. D,

&II: Jj 1j JJJ!: j J ] ] ] J :Ill: JJ JJJJ :Ill: j J ] ] ] J ;

1"'1 V 1"'1 V 1"'1 V etc.
V 1"'1 V 1"'1 V etc.
1"'1
246

'. II: J J J : J J :Ill: J J J J J :Ill: J J J 3J :Ill: j J J J

>- etc.
J J J JD.:
1"'1 V 1"'1 V 1"'1 V etc.
V 1"'1 V 1"'1 V etc.
1"'1
247. D.(

&II: 1j j : J j J!!: j jj J J J :Ill: Jj j J J j :Ill: j j j J ] J :

1"'1 V 1"'1 V 1"'1 V etc.

J J J:lli:J J 3 ] J r
248 • V i"1 V 1"'1 V etc.
1"'1 D<

&II: J J J j J j :lll:d
>- >- etc.
3 3 ] J j :Ill: j j J
1"'1 V 1"'1 V i"1 V etc.
V V

f
V 1"'1 1"'1 etc.
1"'1

'. II:~ l J j :Ill: J J ] ] J J:Ill: J J J J J

2 9

JJ etc.
@:Ill: J ]]]J
1"'1 V 1"'1 V 1"'1 V etc.
V 1"'1 V 1"'1 V etc •
1"'1
. 250. D <

&II:~ J J : J j •llld etc.

J
] J J J j :Ill: J J J J :lll:d } J J J J j":
1"'1 V 1"'1 V 1"'1 V etc.
V i"1 V 1"'1 V etc.
1"'1
25 I. D.C

' II: ~ J J 1j j.:l~l: j ] J j j j :Ill: J JJ j @J:Ill: J ] J j j j :1

 Apply all previous seven note accented patterns.
i1 V i1 V i1 V i1 etc.
V i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.

&II=) J 1j ~ j ~=Ill= j J ] J J J J=Ill= JJ J j j j j =Ill= j J ] J J J J A

252. D.C.

etc.

i1 V i1 V i1 V i1 etc.
V i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.
253. D.C.

&II= j J 1J1J ~=Ill= j J ] ] ] ] J =Ill= JJJJJJ]:ill= j J ] ] ] j bH

~ etc.

i1 V i1 V i1 V i1 etc.
V i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.
254. D.C.

&II= j J :
~
J: J ~=Ill= j
etc.
JJJJ] J
J =Ill= J J J J J]=Ill= j J J J J ] J :JI
i1 V i1 V i1 V i1 etc.
V i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.
255. D.C.

&II= 1J1J: J ~ ~~~: j j JJJ ] J =Ill= JJJJJJ]=Ill= j JJJJ ] J =II

i1 V i1 V i1 V i1 etc.
• V i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.
256

&II= ~ J ~ J 1J j =Ill= J J J J ] J j =Ill= j j j j J J J=Ill= J J J J ] b]

~ek. •

i1 V i1 V i1 V i1 etc.
V i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.
257. D.C.

& II= i j 1j 1J L(~1~ J ] j ] j J j =Ill= j JJJJJ J =Ill= J j j j j l }4

i1 V i1 V i1 V i1 etc.
V i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.
D.C.

J JJ J J JJ=Ill= J j J J l ; ._?il
258.

& If~ J: j
J : J =Ill= J j
~~.
JJJJ =Ill= j
i1 V i1 V i1 V i1 etc.
• V i1 V i1 V i1 V etc.
259

& II=~ j ~ j J j j =Ill= J ] J JJJj =Ill= j J JJJJJ=Ill= J ] J~ 1- t·~

~ ~etc. • • • •
46

Apply all previous six note accented patterns.

ri V ri V ri V etc. riV ri V ri V etc.

V ri V ri V ri etc.

tJ jd 1J
260. D.C. 26 I. V ri V ri V ri etc. DC

&II= >
:Ill=
etc.
j Jj J ] ] =II &II: j J) J~ J=llr. j Jj J J ] ·=I
> > etc.

riV ri V ri V etc. ri V ri V ri V etc.

V ri V ri V 11 etc. V ri V ri V ri etc.

!
262. D.C. 263. DC

&II: J 1j ~ J:!!~ jJj j J]

J :II &II: j J: j J :Ill= JJ Jj J ] ·=I
> etc.

ri V ri V ri V etc. ri V ri V ri V etc.
V ri V ri V 11 etc. V ri V ri V ri etc.

1j : j ~ J.1!~' jJJj J j 4 II= 1j ~ j :J =Ill= j ] Jj JJ.:1

264. D.C. 265. DC

&II= =II
etc.

ri V ri V ri V etc. ri V ri V ri V etc.
V ri V ri V ri etc. V ri V ri V ri etc.
266. D.C. 267. D.C

&1d j j j Jj=lll= j JJ j JJ=II

tJ > > > &II= 1J1J:J=111= Pjj JJ=I
etc.
etc.

11 V ri V ri V etc. ri V ri V ~ V etc.
V ri V ri V ri etc. v r; v ri v ,i etc.

f 1J1Jj j
2

j JJf~
268. D.C.

1
&II: J1J : j =Ill= j Jj n
etc.
J =II II=
>
=Ill= J J
etc.
 47

Apply all previous seven note accented patterns.

r-, V r-, V r-, V r-, etc. r-, V r-, V r-, V r-, etc.
V r-, V r-, V r-, V etc. V r-, V r-, V r-, V etc.

,o. II: j J j Ji Ji :Ill: j J~ ~ ~ ~ ~-~j

271. D.C.

~ etc.
&If jJ1j !J1:Ill: j JJ~ ~ ~ ]31
~ etc.
~

r-, V r-, V r-, V r-, etc. r-, V r-, V r-, V r-, etc.
V r-, V r-, V r-, V etc. V r-, V r-, V r-, V etc.
272.

& II: yj ]j JJ:111:j Jjjj ~ J

~
~ ~ etc.
D.C.

:II ,J. IF jJ: J] J1:ill:.JJJJJJT~

~
~ etc

r-, V r-, V r-, V r-, etc.

V r-, V r-, V r-, V etc. DC

111j
275 ..

' . II: J J J :Ill: j ] ] J J :II

~ etc.
JJ

r-, V r-, V r-, V r-, etc.

V r-, V r-, V r-, V etc. DC

t II:1J1j1JJ :ill: j ~jjj JJ~

277

~etc. -_.

r-, V r-, V r-, V r-, etc.

V r-, V r-, V r-, V etc. DC

1 JJJJ :Ill= j Jj... •. . J

9

, • II: Jj
~ ---
~ ~ etc. -,-, -,