VOICE RECOGNITION ROBOTIC

CAR

Group Members

MUHAMMAD USAMA AFZAL 180638

UMAR FAROOQ 180646
MUHAMMAD WAQAR 180652)

BE ELECTRICAL (2017-2021)

Project Supervisor
ENGR AKRAM RASHID
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
AIR UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD

1
 Approval of submission

It is to certify that the project titled

”VOICE RECOGNITION ROBOTIC CAR”
has met the required standard of submission
in partial fulfillment of the requirement
for the award of degree of
Bachelor of Electrical Engineering
at Air University ,Islamabad

Project Supervisor
ENGR AKRAM RASHID
Assistant Professor

Head Of Department
DR.SHERYAR SALEEM

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

2
VOICE RECOGNITION ROBOTIC
CAR
Submitted by:

MUHAMMAD USAMA AFZAL 180638

UMAR FAROOQ 180646
MUHAMMAD WAQAR 180652

Project Supervisor

Name of Project Supervisor

Designation of Project Supervisor

Head of Department

Name of HOD

Designation

3
 Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful for the support granted by Air University for working on this
project and in conducting research on this project.And also thankful to supervisor (Sir
Akram Rashid) for step by step guiding in conducting this reserch and in compiling this
report.

iii
4
 Abstract
Language is the main means of communication, The expression of opinions, and is the
most important resource. In the human-machine interface, the speech signal is converted
to analog and digital wave forms, which can be understood by the machine. These
technologies are used a lot, and have an unlimited number of uses. These technologies
enable machines to respond correctly and reliably to human voices, providing a useful
and valuable service.The main idea of this project was to develop a voice recognition
system, which recognizes the 5 ’ commands for controlling the robots, which are in a
car. The main focus is on the recognition, speech recognition systems. The goal of the
system is to recognize a sentence, and then to show that the action of a robotic car. This
makes it possible for users to send voice commands through a microphone, in order to
control the movement of the vehicle. The command will be spread out over the phone
to a microphone for the Bluetooth module is connected to the robot car is to match the
signal to the audio signal stored in the database. The robot is used for the control of the
five basic voice commands: stop, forward,backward, to the left and to the right, due to
the inclusion of the source code in MATLAB, with a micro-controller. Voice or speaker
recognition is the ability of a machine or program to receive and interpret dictation, or to
understand and carry out all the tasks. Speech recognition has gained alot of popularity
in the development of intelligence, and intelligent assistants such as Amazon’s Alexa,
Apple’s Siri and Microsoft’s Cortana. Voice-recognition systems allow users to interact
with technology simply by talking to it. In the previous work, it was not possible to
control our cars with the help of voice commands, or with help of it technology. So,
this project also provides an analysis of the implementation in order to help people who
are disabled and are not able to drive their own car. The micro-controller works in
conjunction with the Bluetooth module, you must have a channel of communication
with the device is that it sends a voice command. For the circuits, a built-in micro-
controller that provides the control of the motors, which can be used to get the car to
start.

iv
5
 Table of Contents
Acknowledgement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

Chapter 1: Voice Recognition Robotic Car . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Chapter 2: Literature View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2.1 LITERATURE VIEW: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2 Types of Speech Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2.1 Isolated Words: ........................ . 5
2.2.2 Connected Words: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2.3 Continuous Speech: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2.4 Spontaneous Speech: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.3 Types of Speaker Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.3.1 Speaker Dependent Model: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.3.2 Speaker Independent Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.4 Types of vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.5 Techniques In Speech Recognition Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.5.1 Speech Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.5.2 segmentation analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.5.3 Sub-segmental Analysis: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.5.4 Supra-segmental Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.6 Speech Feature Extraction 8
Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter 3: Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

v
 3.1 Methodology........................................................................................... 10
3.2 Voice recognization Process....................................................................10
3.3 Signal to noise ratio(SNR) comparison...................................................11
3.4 Interaction between user and robotic vehicle..........................................12
3.4.1 Transmitter end:.......................................................................12
3.4.2 Receiver end............................................................................ 13
3.4.3 Mic-Bluetooth module.............................................................13
3.4.4 Mic wifi module...................................................................... 13
3.5 Problem Statement……………………………………………………….15
3.6 Working Mechanism............................................................................... 15
3.7 Sample circuit..........................................................................................16
3.8Components..............................................................................................17
3.8.1 AT89S52 Microcontroller....................................................... 17
3.8.2 Voltage Regulator....................................................................18
3.8.3 Motor Driver............................................................................19
3.8.4 DC Motors...............................................................................19
3.8.5 ESP32 WI-FI Module..............................................................19

Chapter 4: Results......................................................................................................19

4.1 Deliverables…………………………………………………………....19
4.2 Work Done …………………………………………………………………....19
4.2.1 Circuit Design ……………..……………………………………....19
4.3 Proteus Simulations ………………..………………………………………....19
4.2.1 Both Sensor Zero ……..………………………………………....19
4.2.1 Left Sensor On …….……………………..……..………………....19
4.2.1 Right Sensor On ……...…………………..………..……………....19
4.2.1 Both Sensor On …………………………..………..……………....19

Chapter 5: Conclusion............................................................................................... 20

vi
References................................................................................................................... 21

vii
 List of Figures
Figure 3.1 algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Figure 3.2 algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Figure 3.3 component . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 3.4 Wifi module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 3.5 flow chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 3.6 flow chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 3.7 Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

vii
 Chapter 1
Voice Recognition Robotic Car

1.1 Introduction

Currently, the vehicles are in need of day-to-day operations, and improving the quality
of life. Most of the cars don’t seem to be very friendly for physically damaged or people
with disabilities. In addition, in some activities, such as the police, military, rescue, and
we want to see that it is an unmanned vehicle because it is very dangerous and is usually
not accessible to the people. These are high-risk activities will require a system that can
be controlled remotely, such as a speech recognition system, instead of manually, so as
not to endanger a person’s life.
Living in this century, as a development of the world economy, the military, industry,
medical care, recreation, and transportation, have turned to advanced technology, which
is present in all human beings. With today’s technology, there are other ways to control
the devices and appliances, but without going to the dominant one-click other devices,
such as remote control. One of the best ways to manage your devices, and it is the use
of speech recognition technology. When it comes to the control of the voice, the first
words to think about it is, say the word. definition of the term ”voice recognition” is
used to refer to the voice recognition, where the voice recognition system to learn a
specific user, therefore, there is a recognition element, which is trying to identify the
speaker, or the recognition of what is being said. However, there are some differences
between the speech and voice recognition. Voice recognition is a system that has been
associated with the recognition of the voice of a user, on the basis of their unique sound
to his voice. Speech, on the other hand, it can recognize almost all of the words in the
right way, then turn them into machine-readable language.
The performance of the control with the voice of a robot, the machine, with the help of
 Voice Recognition Robotic Car

a micro-controller, in which the user lays out a number of voice commands to operate
on a Android application will be installed on your smartphone. On the right side of the
Bluetooth wireless transceiver module receives commands and sends them to the testing
of automated cars. The micro-controller that controls the robot’s movements, according
to the received commands. As the robot moves, backwards, to the left and to the right,
and stops, according to the voice prompts, forward, backward, turn left, turn right, and
stop, respectively. To create a machine that is able to communicate with the person,
especially to respond to the spoken language, has always been an interest in engineers
and scientists for centuries. In a speech recognition System (VRS), also known as Auto-
matic speech recognition (AVR) or computer-based voice-recognition, that is, it is in the
process of converting a voice signal into a sequence of words, by means of an algorithm
implemented as a computer program. It has the potential to become a major means of
communication between people and computers.Today’s voice-enabled applications are
commercially available, for a limited number, but an effective range of tasks.A very
useful and valuable services that are provided by this technology, is on the machines
properly and safely, and to respond to the human voice. In order to be closer to
the ”Holy Grail” of the machines that recognize and understand and in a quite voice
vote, and there are a lot of important scientific and technological progress, but we are
still a long way off, a car that looks like it’s a human behavior. Voice recognition
technology has become a topic of great interest to the general public
Today, many organizations around the world are taking an interest in the development of
the car, which can lead people with disabilities to enjoy a higher quality of life, and to be
able to operate in a rather limited space. In Europe, it is estimated that there are at least
30 million people suffer from defects. The challenges of a deaf person, a blind person
or a person with a disability faces and the work can sometimes prove to be insurmount-
able. Sadly, it is to produce resources that are accessible to people with disabilities in
the workplace, it is often very difficult or very expensive.Thanks to the latest techno-
logical developments, and people with disabilities to be able to take the position, and
refine their professional skills. The electronic systems to support the independence of

2
 VOICE RECOGNITION ROBOTIC CAR

people with disabilities at every stage of its development, it should not be considered to
be a luxury, but a need.The robot-vehicle-in this article, it is aimed to meet the needs of
those with limited movement capability of the device will not be able to operate the car’s
manual. It is therefore an electronic system has been developed in order to compensate
for this; the mechanical structure, however, it is by default.
The roots and the foundations of what is happening, go back to the mid-1950s, more
than 60 years have passed since then, and on the robotics revolution that is second to
none. Today is the day we can feel the presence of robots, robots everywhere and in
every field, be it medicine, the military, education, business, and more. Robotics is here
to lend a helping hand to the people; and they will make our lives easier, better and more
efficient. In robotics, it is good for the human race as the robots offer alternatives that
it has a world-class support for people living with a disability.This proposal will focus
on the challenges faced by specially trained people, who want to drive their vehicle to
be independent of each other, but they are not in a position to do that for the natural
reasons for this. The proposed project will focus on the control of the voice of the robot
in automatic braking, slow speed, and the avoidance of obstacles, either manually or
automatically (using your voice).In this model, we make use of the topass the Android
application to send commands to the micro controller with the help of the Bluetooth
module.

3
 Chapter 2
Literature View

2.1 LITERATURE VIEW:

Speech is the main source of communication between humans and machines. Voice
recognition technology allows for a change in the interaction between man and machine
in the future. With this technology, it will continue to evolve, and scientists are still
working hard to learn how to deal with these limitations. At present, this technology
has been implemented in a number of key areas. There are 2 categories of speech that
are speaker-dependent and speaker-independent. A speaker dependent is a system which
is trained by the user. This method is extremely accurate the user has to learn the sys-
tem. The advantage of using a speaker-dependent system, it is the execution of a greater
number of operations and have a higher accuracy than that of a speaker-independent
system.On the other hand speaker independent system, it is a separate system that is re-
sponding to the word, it doesn’t matter who the speaker is.Therefore, the system needs
to respond to different types of speech patterns, intonation, and pronunciation of the
target word.The number of operations in the system in the vicinity of the speaker, it is
likely to be less than the speaker dependent systems, depending on the speaker, but the
accuracy can be retained in the service area..It is a common practice in the industry to
ensure that a speaker-independent speech system is compared with that of a speaker-
dependent, because it is the voice of a much larger number of people can be found in the
position of having to reduce it to those of you who have been taught to the system. The
most common style of the speech will be made by the analysis of the functions, which
can sometimes end up with a ”speaker-independent speech recognition. This method
support voice input, and then use the fourier transform method, it is trying to achieve
with the characteristic similarity between the expected input for the benefit of from the
voice input. This the agreements have been in the future for the different speakers,
 VOICE RECOGNITION ROBOTIC CAR

that is, the system does not need to learn any of the new user. This method will not
waste time searching for a match to a particular voice input, and in a previous answer,
in anticipation of the call is a voice sample. speaker freelance technique is an influence
on the form of a speech, but could not cope with the matching of patterns by people
who are from different countries with different accent , which, are from many different
countries, and, therefore, variable-pitch, rate, volume, pitch, and tone of voice. A lot
of robotics projects that are made In the Air University, such as a line-following robot,
a maze-solving robot, sensor, robot, but none of them is used to address the control of
the robot. The previous projects have been carried out with the help of an Arduino, this
project makes use of a micro-controller.

2.2 Types of Speech Signal

In Speech Recognition System the ability to recognize the speech signal can be subdi-
vided into different classes,

2.2.1 Isolated Words:

In this type, system accepts single utterance at a time. And usually requires each utter-
ance to have quiet on both side of sample window and require a speaker to wait between
words. Its response will be better for single word but give poor result for multiple words
input.

2.2.2 Connected Words:

In this type, multiple words given to the system which runs separately as isolated words
and having small duration of time between them.

5
 Literature View

2.2.3 Continuous Speech:

In this type, natural speech is spoken by the user that is detectable by the machine.
Continuous speech recognition is difficult to create because they utilize special method
for implementation.

2.2.4 Spontaneous Speech:

In this type natural and spontaneous word has the ability to handle a variety of natural
features such as words run together including mispronunciations, non-words and false
statements, which are difficult to read.

2.3Types of Speaker Model

Every speaker has unique properties which affects the voice. On the basis of these
properties system is divided into two main classes.

2.3.1 Speaker Dependent Model:

Speaker dependent model depends on specific speaker. These models are easier to im-
plement and less expensive. It gives more accurate result for specific speaker and less
accurate result for other speakers.

2.3.2 Speaker Independent Model

Speaker independent models depend upon many speakers. These models are difficult
to implement and more expensive. It gives more accurate result for many speakers and
less accurate result for specific speaker

2.4 Types of vocabulary

The accuracy, complexity and processing requirements of the system depend upon the
vocabulary size of speech recognition system. Some applications require a few words,

6
 VOICE RECOGNITION ROBOTIC CAR

others requires huge vocabulary. The types of vocabularies can be classified as follows.

• Small size vocabulary includes tens of words.

• Medium size vocabulary includes hundreds of words.

• Large vocabulary size includes thousands of words.

• Very large size vocabulary includes tens of thousands of words

• Out of size vocabulary includes mapping a word from the vocabulary into the
unknown word.

2.5 Techniques In Speech Recognition Systems

The task of speech recognition is for the machine to ”hear” it, ”to understand”, and ”im-
pact” of the information. The first attempts at creation of a voice-recognition systems,
which have been made in the early to mid-1950s at Bell Laboratories. Davis, Biddulf,
and Balashek have also developed a system of digital identification for a single speaker.
The speaker recognition system can be considered as a four-step activity

2.5.1 Speech Analysis

In the art of speech and expression analysis, the expressions can contain different types
of information, that is, it reveals the speaker’s personality. It provides you with de-
tailed information about the speaker, which is the source of the arousal, and behavioral
characteristics. The physical structure and size of the vocal tract, as well as the source
of excitation is unique for each and every speaker. Speech analysis consists of several
stages, with the right frame size for the segmentation of the speech signal for further
analysis, and selection. The speech analysis is done by using the following three meth-
ods.

7
 Literature View

2.5.2 segmentation analysis

In this case, the speech has been analyzed with the aid of a frame and the offset is in
the range of 10 to 30 ms for the information to be extracted from the background. A
study has been carried out on the use of the segment analysis is to obtain the details of
the voice recognition system path.

2.5.3 Sub-segmental Analysis:

Speech is analyzed using the frame size and shift in range 3-5 ms is known as Sub seg-
mental analysis. This technique is used mainly to analyze and extract the characteristic
of the excitation state. The excitation source information is relatively fast varying com-
pared to vocal tract information, so small frame size and shift are required to best capture
the speaker-specific information.

2.5.4 Supra-segmental Analysis

In this case, the speech has been analyzed on the basis of the size of the frame and the
offset of 100-300 ms for speaker, charging information, and this speech has been ana-
lyzed on the basis of the size of the frame. This technique is mainly used for the analysis
and characterization, taking into account the conduct and character of the speaker. It is
the length of the words, tone of voice, speech rate, accent, and so on.

2.6 Speech Feature Extraction Techniques

In this case, the speech has been analyzed on the basis of the size of the frame and the
offset of 100-300 ms for speaker, charging information, and this is mainly due to the
code of conduct-intestinal tract, and this speech has been analyzed on the basis of the
size of the frame. This technique is mainly used for the analysis and characterization,
taking into account the conduct and character of the speaker. It is the length of the words,
tone of voice, speech rate, accent, and so on.

• Easy to measure extracted speech features

8
 VOICE RECOGNITION ROBOTIC CAR

• It should not be susceptible to mimicry

• It should show little fluctuation from one speaking environment to another

• It should be stable over time It should occur frequently and naturally in speech

9
 Chapter 3
Methodology

3.1 Methodology

Training and testing are part of the primary structure of the system. First, we’ll record 5
command speech in (.Wav) format. Because MATLAB will be limited to this format.
The period of time from any of the recognized speech will be set up on a continuous
basis, for example, three seconds), and for the improvement of the efficiency of the
process of comparing the distance of voice recognition. Later on, the signals of the
voice will be translated to MATLAB for feature extraction. With the help of the vector,
a method of distribution, we find that the average value of the sound, the sound
insulation in the vector form. After a mean value has been set, it will be used to
compare the mean values of the speech signal from the microphone.
In this project, we are tending to use the hidden mathematician model (HMM)and well
Mel-Frequency Cepstrum for feature extraction.HMM, this technique has been used for
speech recognition. During the PHASE-based speech recognition, the audio signal can
be considered as a piecewise stationary signal. This means that we are able to believe
that speech is a stationary method for a short period of time. By the way, it can be
thought of as a mathematical model for the various states.

3.1.1 Voice recognization Process

• Feature Extraction

• Frame blocking and windowing

• Fast fourier transform

• Mel frequency wrapping

 VOICE RECOGNITION ROBOTIC CAR

• Discrete cosine transform

• Feature Matching

• LBG Algorithm

3.2 Signal to noise ratio(SNR) comparison

SNR for each speech signal stored in database will be obtained using MATLAB. SNR
before processed with Mel-wrapping filter bank will obtain and record in a table for each
command. After the signal processed with Mel-space filter bank, SNR of each signal
will obtain again and record in the same table.

Figure 3.1: algorithm

11
 Methodology

3.3Interaction between user and robotic vehicle

The interaction between user and robotic vehicle is divided into two main parts.

3.3.1 Transmitter end:

For the voice commands, the easiest to use and most cost-effective way to use your
smartphone. Smartphones are powerful devices that can perform several functions, such
as personal computers. On its own, regardless of the operating system, and the access to
the Internet is increasingly being used in a wide range of applications. One of the most
important features that we are going to use the built-in Bluetooth wireless technology.
This will allow you to use your phone to communicate with the robot. Various operating
systems can be used on smartphones, but it often is part of the Android operating system
developed by Google, Inc. The flexibility and ease of operation make it an ideal interface
for automated applications. This is the Android - based systems have been very effective
in the development of applications all over the world. The Android operating system,
provides a fun and interactive graphical user interface that allows the user to easily
control the car. The transmitter makes use of the Android app will be required for the
transfer of your data. An Android application is a software that was developed in the
computer-programming language that runs on the Android platform. With this app, the
user sends a voice message to the robots in the car, and the car is going to work, like
this one.

Figure 3.2: algorithm

12
 VOICE RECOGNITION ROBOTIC CAR

3.2.1 Receiver end

There can be multiple techniques to receive the voice data from user. Some of these
techniques are mentioned below.

Mic-Bluetooth module

In this technique user’s voice commands are detected by the microphone present in the
phone. Commands are processed, and sent to the receiver side via Bluetooth module
attached with robotic car. The HC-05 is a Bluetooth SPP (Serial Port Protocol) module
that is designed for direct wireless serial connection setup and can be used in a Slave or
Master configuration, giving it an outstanding solution for wireless transmission. This
serial port Bluetooth module is entirely adequate Bluetooth V2.0 + EDR (Enhanced Data
Rate) 3 Mbps Modulation with complete 2.4 GHz radio transceiver and baseband. It has
a total number of six pins; an ENABLE pin to toggle between the Data Mode and AT
command mode, a VCC pin for providing voltage, a Ground pin for grounding, a TX-
Transmitter for transmitting serial data, a RX-Receiver for receiving the serial data, and
a State pin (to check if Bluetooth is working correctly or paired/unpaired). Its input volt-
age is 3.3–5 V and can transmit up to 90 m Data received via Bluetooth is forwarded to
microcontroller. Microcontroller checks the text received and, if it is a matching string,
it controls the movements of the robot accordingly. Bluetooth technology exchanges
data over a short range but is very proficient way of communicating between two de-
vices such as microcontroller and a smart phone. Data packages are sent and received
through shortwave radio signals. It is essential for robots to take commands without any
delay.

Mic wifi module

In this method, the user’s voice commands are detected by the microphone of the phone.
Orders will be processed and sent to the host page via a Wi-Fi module is connected to
the robotic vehicle. The ESP8266 WiFi module is a stand-alone SOC with an integrated

13
 Methodology

Figure 3.3: component

TCP/IP protocol stack that can provide access to a micro-controller to have access to a
Wi-Fi access is available. The ESP8266 is capable of both hosting a software applica-
tion or to offload all Wi-Fi network from any other processor in its applications. The
data that may be received by the Wi-Fi module, you will be transferred to the micro-
controller. The micro-controller checks whether the text is correct, and if the string
to match, controlling the robot’s movements accordingly. With this module, it is very
simple to use, efficient, low cost, flexibility of design, improved function, and offers
practical applications.

Figure 3.4: Wifi module

14
 VOICE RECOGNITION ROBOTIC CAR

3.4 PROBLEM STATEMENT

We aim to develop a Robotic Car which can be controlled by 5 basic commands
Forward, Reverse, Left, Right and Stop by using voice commands.

3.5Working Mechanism

Figure 3.5: flow chart

Figure 3.6: flow chart

15
 Methodology

The above illustrations describe full working mechanism of this project .User will give
voice commands through mobile phone app. The robot will receive the commands in
text form. This is done by the connected Bluetooth receiver at the robot end. Initially
the robot will wait for an incoming connection. When available, the text will be passed
character by character to the robot. The microcontroller will then build the characters
into a single word. A small delay of milliseconds will implemented in building the
word, so as to prevent overwriting or loss of any character. Once the command has
been received the microcontroller, by voice processing and conditioning, it compares
the text to the preprogrammed instruction that are already saved.. If it is a matching
string, microcontroller controls the movements of the robot accordingly. In this way
robotic car will move.

3.6Sample circuit

A project similar to the one we are working on was build with the following specifica-
tions. We will use a Microcontroller AT89C51 instead of Arduino and we will make a
WiFi module by ourselves.

Figure 3.7: Circuit

16
 VOICE RECOGNITION ROBOTIC CAR

3.7Components

3.7.1 AT89S52 Microcontroller:

It is a typical 8051 microcontroller manufactured by Atmel. The AT89S52 is a low-power,
high performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 8k bytes of in system programmable ash
memory.The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with
8K bytes of in-system programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured using
Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry
standard 80C51 instruction set and pin out. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory
to be reprogrammed in-system or by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By
combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with in-system programmable Flash on a monolithic chip,
the Atmel AT89S52 is a powerful microcontroller which provides a highly-flexible and
cost-effective solution to many embedded control applications. The AT89S52 provides the
following standard features: 8K bytes of Flash, 256 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, Watchdog
timer, two data pointers, three 16-bit timer/counters, a six-vector two-level interrupt
architecture, a full duplex serial port, on chip oscillator, and clock circuitry. In addition, the
AT89S52 is designed with static logic for operation down to zero frequency and supports
two software selectable power saving modes. The Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing
the RAM, timer/counters, serial port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. The
Power down mode saves the RAM contents but freezes the oscillator, disabling all other chip
functions until the next interrupt or hardware reset.

17
 VOICE RECOGNITION ROBOTIC CAR

3.7.2 VOLTAGE REGULATOR

The LM78XX/LM78XXA series of three-terminal positive regulators are available in the
TO-220/D-PAK package and with several fixed output voltages, making them useful in a
Wide range of applications. Each type employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown
and safe operating area protection, making it essentially indestructible. If adequate heat
sinking is provided, they can deliver over 1A output Current. Although designed primarily
as fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain
adjustable voltages and currents.

3.7.3 MOTOR DRIVER

L293D is a dual H-bridge motor driver integrated circuit (IC). Motor drivers act as current

18
 VOICE RECOGNITION ROBOTIC CAR
amplifiers since they take a low current control signal and provide a higher current signal.
This higher current signal is used to drive the motors. L293D contains two inbuilt H-bridge
driver circuits. In its common mode of operation, two DC motors can be driven
simultaneously, both in forward and reverse direction. The
motor operations of two motors can be controlled by input logic at pins 2 & 7 and 10 & 15.
Input logic 00 or 11 will stop the corresponding motor. Logic 01 and 10 will rotate it in
clockwise and anticlockwise directions, respectively. Enable pins 1 and 9 (corresponding to
the two motors) must be high for motors to start operating. When an enable input is high, the
associated driver gets enabled. As a result, the outputs become active and work in phase with
their inputs. Similarly, when the enable input is low, that driver is disabled, and their outputs
are off and in the high impedance state.

3.7.4 DC MOTORS
A DC motor is an electric motor that runs on direct current (DC) electricity. In any electric
motor, operation is based on simple electromagnetism. A current-carrying conductor
generates a magnetic field; when this is then placed in an external magnetic field, it will
experience a force proportional to the current in the conductor, and to the strength of the
external magnetic field. As you are well aware of from playing with magnets as a kid,
opposite (North and South) polarities attract, while like polarities (North and North, South
and South) repel. The internal configuration of a DC motor is designed to harness the
magnetic interaction between a current-carrying conductor and an external magnetic field to
generate rotational motion.

3.7.5 ESP32 WIFI MODULE

ESP32 is a series of low cost, low power system on chip microcontrollers with integrated
WiFi and Bluetooth. We are using WiFi to connect our robot with cellphone this module
would be helpful. Also it can be used as a microcontroller we can replace our controller
8051 with this one. ESP32 is created and developed by Espressif systems, a Shangai based
Chinese company.

19
VOICE RECOGNITION ROBOTIC CAR

20
 Results
4.1 DELIVERABLES

• Robotic Car Sized 1ft x 1ft

• Software (Proteus and Controller Code)
• Microcontroller AT89C51
• Motor Driver
• Wifi Module
4.2 WORK DONE
We have designed the circuit and coding for the movement of Robotic car. Coding and
circuit design for voice input is yet to be implemented.
4.2.1 CIRCUIT DESIGN:

CODE:
#include<reg51.h>
sbit mot1=P2^0;
sbit mot2=P2^1;
sbit mot3=P2^2;

21
sbit mot4=P2^3;
sbits_left=P2^6;
sbits_right=P2^7;
void forward(void)
{
mot1=1;
mot2=0;
mot3=1;
mot4=0;
}
void backward(void)
{
mot1=0;
mot2=1;
mot3=0;
mot4=1;
}
void left(void)
{
mot1=0;
mot2=1;
mot3=0;
mot4=0;
}
void right(void)
{
mot1=0;
mot2=0;
mot3=1;
mot4=0;

22
}
void main(void)
{
s_left=1;
s_right=1;
while(1)
{
if(s_left==0 &&s_right==0)
{
forward();
}
else if(s_left==1 &&s_right==1)
{
backward();
}
else if(s_left==0 &&s_right==1)
{
left();
}
else if(s_left==1 &&s_right==0)
{
right();
}
}
}

4.3 PROTEUS SIMULATIONS:

4.3.1 BOTH SENSORS ZERO(FORWARD):

23
4.3.2 LEFT SENSOR ONE:

4.3.3 RIGHT SENSOR ONE:

24
4.3.4 BOTH SENSORS ONE(BACKWARD):

25
HARDWARE:

26
 Chapter 5
Conclusion
In conclusion, the MIC-WiFi technique could be a straightforward and simple for un-
derstanding and conjointly acknowledging a voice command. The system is aimed to
produce high repetitive ability recognition. An attainable error like the auditory com-
munication of words is resolved by exploiting the various commands with a similar
intending to avoid the uncertainties in recognizing every command. This technique can
facilitate peoples to use speech to manage the automobile. it might cut back the human
effort in several fields of life like it helps in things inaccessible by humans like mili-
tary police operations. It will cut back errors and increase potency at the geographical
point. A similar idea might be accustomed create robots for disabled individuals. In fu-
ture work, improvements can be made by implementing the Artificial Neural Network
(ANN) technique into the voice recognition system. The advantage of exploitation ANN
is that this system will handle low-quality, creaking knowledge by coaching and testing
the network a few times. It will handle caliber or high noise power-knowledge, the fil-
tering technique can be removed from the source code of the system to forestall code re-
dundancy. However, this recommendation is optional and desires to base onobjectives
set for a project. The “Voice Controlled Robotic Vehicle” project has many applications
and in present and future. The project can be made more effective by adding features
to it in the future. The project has applications in wide variety of areas such as military,
home security, rescue missions, industries, medical assistance etc. We were successful
in implementing a simple model of voice controlled robotic vehicle using the available
resources. The implementation of this project is easy, so this robot is beneficial for hu-
man life. The Voice Control Robot is useful for disable people and monitoring purpose.
It works on simple voice command, so it is easy to use. It is useful for those areas where
humans can’t reach. The size of this robot is small, so we can use this robot for spying
purpose. It can be used for surveillance. We can implement web cam in this robot for
 Conclusion

security purpose. The voice recognition software has an accuracy and for identifying a
voice command and it is also highly sensitive to the surrounding noise. One can infer
from the study that the proposed technical approach can deal with the common problems
of the drivers, whether they are fully fit or specially able Use of the proposed technology
would reduce the accidents. Young or inexperienced drivers would not face the problem
of changing the lanes frequently. However, this technology can only be applicable on
the roads having vehicles of the similar technology running on it. This can be assumed
as the limitation of the proposed model. The use of DTMF module, in addition to all the
components, could control our vehicle from a place distant away from the access area
like Google AI project for driver less car, but it would be cheaper and within the reach
of the small companies also One can infer from the study that the proposed technical
approach can deal with the common problems of the drivers, whether they are fully fit
or specially able. Use of the proposed technology would reduce the accidents. Young
or inexperienced drivers would not face the problem of changing the lanes frequently.
However, this technology can only be applicable on the roads having vehicles of the
similar technology running on it. This can be assumed as the limitation of the proposed
model. The use of DTMF module, in addition to all the components, could control ve-
hicle from a place distant away from the access area like Google AI project for driver
less car, but it would be cheaper and within the reach of the small companies also.

20
 References
[1] Pantech, “User Huang Shan Voice recognition systems in the telecom pre- paid
business applications Development Kit,” May 2020, library Catalog:
www.pantechsolutions.net. [Online]. Available: https://www.pantechsolutions.net/
blog/user-manual-for-pic-16f-18f-advanced-development-kit/

[2] “Ren tianping. application of speech recognition technology [j]. henan science
and technology, 2005. Microcontroller | PIC Controllers,” library Catalog:
www.electronicwings.com. [Online]. Available: https://www.electronicwings.
com/pic/introduction-to-pic-microcontroller

[3] “J. l. plaza-aguilar, d. baez-lopez, l. guerrero-ojeda and j. r.

asomoza, ”a voice recognition system for speech impaired people,” 14th
international conference on electronics, communications and computers, 2004.
conielecomp 2004., 2004, pp. 162-167,” Jun. 2012, library Catalog:
www.element14.com. [Online]. Available:
https://www.element14.com/community/docs/DOC-46550/l/
microchip-8-bit-mcu-family-overview

[1] [2] [3]