4. THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE 4.1, THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE - FORMS have not writ- | have I/you written?| have I/you not writ- ten? haven't I/you writ- ten? He/she/| has written —_| has not written| has he/she/it writ- | has he/she/it not written? hasn’t he/she/it written? have not writ- | have we/you/they | have we/you/they written? not written? haven't we/you/they writ- ten? 4.2, THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE - USE 1. Recently completed actions: We've just finished lunch. I’m afraid the boss has just gone out. The show has already begun. 2. Past actions completed in an unspecified time. I’ve seen that film but I don't mind watching it again. He has written ten novels and I’ve read all of them. I think he is great. We've met, haven't we? 3. With time expressions: I’ve phoned her six times this morning. Thaven't seen her for ages! I've worked in a bank since we moved to Boston. for years; for two/three/four ...years; for months; for two / three / four ... weeks; for ages; for (such) a long time; since last week / 1988/ I was born; lately; recently; now; before; always; never; ever; today; this morning / afternoon / evening / week / month / year ...; so far; yet; already 38 Scanned with CamScanner4. Askin, gif an action has been completed: , 7 oe at 2° Have you finished your dinner yet No, [haven't finished yet. But I’ve finished my soup already. 5. Future actions (in time clauses): You can go out as soon as you've had your lunch. I'l give you a call when the meeting has ended. Don't answer any question until you've read the whole questionniin, i when, until, before, as soon as, after, now that, the moment that, by the time that : Exercises L Respond to the following commands and suggestions in the Present Pert, as shown in the examples: Open the door! I’ve just opened the door. Why don’t you type it? I’ve just typed it. Don’t do that!_ I’ve never done that in my life. or: Thaven’t done that for ages. 1. Call the police! 2. Finish your dinner! 3. Don’t kill animals! 4. Shave FL 5. Why don’t you invite 6. Don’t wash the curtains! 7. 9. Why don you tke a shower 10. Have a cigarette! 12, Why dons ue aslanat 7 lon’t you lend hi 13. Sell your cart | “"™ him some money? 14. Pay for it! 15. Don’t push him! 16. Why don’t you talk to the 17. Switch the light of *® boss? 36 Scanned with CamScanner18. Don’t teach them bad words! 19. Why don’t you dance with her? 20. Find a new servant! 21. Lock the door! Why don’t you play some English songs? Don’t gamble! Don’t park your car in my driveway again! Don't steal anything from the shops! Why don’t you hire a van? Bring some more wood! Why don’t you forget about it? Correct your mistakes! Read that book! Why don’t you lay the table? Don’t tease your sister! Why don’t you tell me the whole truth? Don’t curse. 7 Why don’t you mend my sweater? Catch the robbers! Don’t work hard! Don’t beat that dog! Why don’t you dye your hair? Don’t you wear my jeans again! IL Make your own dialogues following the example given: Mike / paint the kitchen / sleep Is Mike painting the kitchen now? No, he’s already painted the kitchen. He's sleeping now. 1. mother /wash the dishes /dry them 2. the secretary / type those letters / drink tea , the children / do their homework / play in the garden SSESKRASSSSSLRBRRRRER 3, 4. the guests / eat the sandwiches / have coffee 5. grandmother / mend the dresses /knit a pullover 6. Linda / wash her hair / put her makeup on : 7. the'customs man / check your suitcase / look into your bag 8. Sally / peel the potatoes / fry them 9. the mechanic / fix the engine / replace the battery 10. Mr. Coles / read that article / solve a crossword puzzle 11. the cooks / roast the beef / boil the eggs 12. the barber / shave Mr. Jefferson / cut his hair 13. the Apaches / chop wood / make a fire : 37 Scanned with CamScanner14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. YENaneepe » Ask questions about the underlined . They’ve been married / weed the flowers a Ce eke the beds / hoover the floor the waiters / lay the tables / bring the drinks the gitl /feed the chickens /feed the pipe the architect / draw the plan / design the int ae Mrs. Austin / teach the boys good manners / tea them to ey French . pear aa] leave high school / study at Princeton Make your own dialogues following the example given: You / play bridge / years Can you play bridge? . Yes, I suppose I can, but I haven’t played it for years, major Shane / fly a helicopter / he came back from Vietnam you / ride a bike / 13 years old your girlfriend / skate / five years Jim / take a good picture / he bought a Polaroid camera your husband / mend a fuse / we moved to this house you / killa fish / last Christmas they / play golf / they left America you / stand on your head / years your grandfather / sleep in the tent / he left Boy Scouts Martha / ski / moved to Bangkok - Tim / paint a portrait / his college days his grandfather / speak Japanese / the last war . his wife / make good coffee / as as I can remember i Your uncle / shoot an clephent hea from Africa . lesign a country house / his first kyscray § bui . you /drive a big truck / Tleft the army. ae she / bake a chocolate cake / twent Jeremy / wash the dishes / he got Honiea . you /row a boat / ages you / dive / many years Parts of the following sentences: I've never flown in an aii Scanned with CamScanner7. I've borrowed my brother's car. 8. She has dyed her hair. 9. We've lived here all our lives. 10. I’ve saved only $50 this month. 11. The curtains have shrunk. 12. I've telephoned her at east 10 times this morning. 13. The children have broken the window. 4. The secretary has typed five letters so far. 45. The children have never seen a real tiger. 16. [haven't finished yet. 17. The race hasn’t started yet because of the rain. 18. The baby has torn your newspaper. 19. They have accused him of murder. 20. He has dedicated this book to his mother. V. Put the verbs in parentheses into the Present Perfect Tense: You ever (eat) a frog? Where you (be)? I never (speak) to him since we quarrelled. You ever (ride) a Honda motorbike? How long you (know) your boyfriend? The show just (begin). We (miss) the last train. What shall we do? . How much money you (spend) so far? . Your boyfriend (phone) yet? 10. The boy is weeping. His father just (beat) him again. 11. It mot rain) here for three years. 12. Why you (not bring) your sister with you? 13. I (study) your plan carefully and I think it’s unrealistic. 14. My dog never (bite) anyone. 15. Come to my office when you (have) your lunch. 16. People always (admire) her talent. 17. Now that you (leave) school you should find a good job. 18. She never (keep) a promise in her life. 19. You (read) any thrillers recently? 20. You (hurt) your leg? yenag rene ‘ ‘ VI. Rephrase the following sentences in the Present Perfect Tense using the words given so that the original sense is preserved: 1. It’s five years since I had a cigarette. Thaven’t : 39 Scanned with CamScanner