Name of Subject:- Electrical Distribution System (EDS)

UNIT 1
Q1. What is the main type of distribution system in India?
a. Radial
b. Parallel
c. Network
d. Both (b) and (c)
ANSWER: a. Radial

Q2. Which component connects the substation to the area where power is to be
distributed?
a. Distributors
b. Service mains
c. Feeders
d. All of these
ANSWER: c. Feeders

Q3. The cost of material used in a distribution circuit per kVA of the distributed power
varies as
a. Square of linear dimensions of supply area.
b. Directly according to (supply area)2
c. Cube of linear dimensions of supply area.
d. None of these
ANSWER: b. Directly according to (supply area) 2

Q4. Name the cable which connects the distributor to the consumer terminals.
a. Distributors
b. Service mains
c. Feeders
d. All of these
ANSWER: b. Service mains

Q5. What is the permissible limit of voltage variations allowed in the distribution
systems?

a. ± 2 %
b. ± 5 %
c. ± 10 %
d. ± 6 %
ANSWER: d. ± 6 %

Q6. Where the radial systems are generally employed?

a. Where power is generated at low voltage.
b. Where power is generated at high voltage.
c. Where power is generated at low voltage and substation is located at the centre of the load.
d. Where power is generated at high voltage and substation is located at the centre of the load.
ANSWER: c. Where power is generated at low voltage and substation is located at the
centre of the load.

Q7. What is the main advantage of ring main system over radial system?
i. Voltage drop in the feeder is less.
ii. Power factor is higher.
iii. Supply is more reliable.
Which among the above statements are correct?
a. i and ii only.
b. ii and iii only.
c. i and iii only.
d. i, ii and iii.
ANSWER: c. i and iii only.

Q8. Where the null point of a uniformly loaded distributor feed at equal voltage at both
ends lies at?
a. Mid point
b. Either end
c. Two third distance from one end
d. One fourth distance from one end
ANSWER: a. Mid point

Q9. In a distribution system, which of the following items shares the major cost?

a. Conductors
b. Earthing systems
c. Distribution transformer
d. Insulators
ANSWER: c. Distribution transformer
Q10. Which type of distribution is preferred in residential areas?
a. Single phase, two wire.
b. Three phase, three wire
c. Three phase, four wire
d. Two phase, four wire
ANSWER: c. Three phase, four wire

Q11. In a dc 3 wire distributor using having unequal loads on the two sides.
a. Both balancers operate as generators.
b. Both balancers operate as motors.
c. Balancers connected to the lightly loaded sides operate as a generator.
d. Balancers connected to the heavily loaded sides operate as a generator.
ANSWER: d. Balancers connected to the heavily loaded sides operate as a generator.

Q12. Why are the balancers fields cross connected in a three wire distribution system?
a. Equalise voltage on positive and negative outer
b. Boost the generated voltage.
c. Make both machines operate as unloaded motors.
d. All of these.
ANSWER: a. Equalise voltage on positive and negative outer

Q13. Which distribution system is energised by two or more generating stations or

substations?
a. Radial systems.
b. Interconnected systems.
c. Ring main systems.
d. All of these.
ANSWER: b. Interconnected systems.

Q14. A three wire dc distribution makes available how many voltages?

a. One
b. Two
c. Three
d. Both (a) and (b)
ANSWER: c. Three
Q15. If the voltage of the system is about 230 V, then what would be the highest and the
lowest permissible voltage?
a. 242 and 214 V
b. 240 and 210 V
c. 244 and 216 V
d. 244 and 212 V
ANSWER: c. 244 and 216 V

UNIT 2

Q1. What will be the pd at point B if a pd of 300 V is maintained at a point A, for a 2 wire
dc distributor cable AB if 2 km long and supplies loads of 100A, 150A, 200A, and 50A
suited at 500m, 1000m, 1600m, and 2000m from the feeding point A. Each conductor has
a resistance of 0.01 Ω per 1000 m.

a. 288 V
b. 287.6 V
c. 295.36 V
d. 291.2 V
ANSWER: b. 287.6 V

Q2. What is the loss factor in a distribution system?

a. 0.3 * load factor + 0.7 (load factor)2
b. 0.5 * (load factor)
c. Load factor
d. 0.7 * load factor + 0.3 (load factor)2
ANSWER: a. 0.3 * load factor + 0.7 (load factor) 2

Q3. A 2 wire dc street mains AB, 600 m long is fed from both ends at 220 V. Loads of 20
A, 40 A, 50 A and 30 A are tapped at distances 100m, 250m, 400m and 500m from the end
A. If the area of cross section of distributor is 1 cm2, what will be the minimum consumer
voltage? If ? = 1.7 * 10-6 Ω cm.

a. 220 V
b. 215.69 V
c. 218.36 V
d. 222.58 V
ANSWER: b. 215.69 V

Q4. A distribution system is shown in figure with load currents as marked. The two ends
of the feeder are fed by voltage sources such that Vp = Vq = 3 V, the value of the voltage
Vp for a minimum voltage of 220 V at any point along the feeder is

a. 225.89 V
b. 222.89 V
c. 220.0 V
d. 228.58 V
ANSWER: a. 225.89 V
Q5. A uniformly loaded dc distributor is fed at both ends with equal voltages. In
comparison to a similar distributor fed at one end only, what will be the maximum
voltage drop?
a. One fourth
b. Half
c. One third
d. One sixth
ANSWER: a. One fourth

Q6. A uniformly loaded dc distributor is fed at both ends with equal voltages. In
comparison to a similar distributor fed at one end only, what will be the drop at the
midpoint be?
a. One fourth
b. Half
c. One third
d. One sixth
ANSWER: c. One third

Q7. Installation of capacitors at suitable locations and of optimum size in a distribution

system results in
i. Improved voltage regulation.
ii. Reduction in distribution power losses.
iii. Reduction of kVA rating of distribution transformers.

Which among the following is/are the correct codes?

a. i only
b. i and ii only
c. all of these
d. iii only
ANSWER: c. all of these

Q8. What are boosters?

a. Is a high voltage and low circuit machine.
b. Is a series wound dc generator driven by dc shunt motor
c. Is a low voltage and high current generator operating on straight or linear portion of its
voltage current characteristics
d. Both (b) and (c).
ANSWER: d. Both (b) and (c)

Q9. Why are the boosters inserted in the circuit?

a. Reduce current.
b. Increase current.
c. Reduce voltage drop.
d. Compensate for voltage drop.
ANSWER: d. Compensate for voltage drop.

Q10. Why are the floating neutral in a three phase supply considered undesirable?
a. High voltage across the load.
b. Low voltage across the load.
c. Unequal line voltages across the load.
d. None of above
ANSWER: c. Unequal line voltages across the load.

Q11. A 300m ring distributor has loads as shown in the fig. The distances are in metres.
The resistance of each conductor is 0.2 W per 1000 metres and loads are tapped off at B,
C, D. If the distributor is fed at A at 240 V, what will be the voltage at B?

a. 220.6 V
b. 236.9 V
c. 240.6 V
d. 235.97 V
ANSWER: b. 236.9 V
Q12. For purely domestic loads which type of distribution is employed?
a. Single phase two wire.
b. 3 phase 3 wire
c. 3 phase 4 wire
d. None of these
ANSWER: a. Single phase two wire.

Q13. Which type of loads use 3 phase 4 wire ac system of distribution?

a. Balanced
b. Unbalanced
c. Both (a) and (b)
d. None of these.
ANSWER: b. Unbalanced

Q14. In a balanced 3 phase, 4 wire ac system the phase sequence is RYB. If the voltage of
R phase = 230 ∠ 0° volts, then what will be the B phase?
a. 230 ∠ - 120°
b. 230 ∠ - 90°
c. 230 ∠ - 90°
d. 230 ∠ - 120°
ANSWER: d. 230∠ - 120°

Q15. What are ground detectors?

a. Used for detecting earth faults for all cables.
b. Used for detecting ground faults for underground cables.
c. Used for detecting all types of fault in a underground cables.
d. None of these.
ANSWER: b. Used for detecting ground faults for underground cables.

Q16. A single phase AC distributor supplies two single phase loads as shown. What is the
voltage drop from A to C?
a. 4.5 V
b. 30 V
c. 31.5 V
d. 20 V
ANSWER: c. 31.5 V

Q17. An industrial consumer has a load pattern of 2000 kW, 0.8 lag for 12 hours and 1000
kW UPF for 12 hours. What is its load factor?
a. 10.5
b. 0.75
c. 0.6
d. 2.0
ANSWER: b. 0.75

UNIT 3
Q1. The generating voltage and frequency in India is about?
a. 11 kV and 60 Hz
b. 11 kV and 50 Hz
c. 220 kV and 60 Hz
d. 220 kV and 50 Hz
ANSWER: b. 11 kV and 50 Hz

Q2. Which type of system is generally adopted for the generation and transmission of
electrical power?
a. 3 phase 4 wire
b. 2 phase 3 wire
c. 3 phase 3 wire
d. None of these
ANSWER: c. 3 phase 3 wire
Q3. The rated voltage of a 3 phase power system is given by
a. rms peak voltage
b. Peak phase voltage.
c. rms line to line voltage
d. Peak line to line voltage.
ANSWER: c. rms line to line voltage

Q4. Which of these systems uses the 3 phase 4 wire system?

a. Primary distribution
b. Secondary distribution
c. Primary transmission.
d. Secondary transmission.
ANSWER: b. Secondary distribution

Q5. With the same maximum voltage to earth, which among the following ac systems with
0.8 pf will need more copper compared to 2 wire system?
a. Single phase, 2 wire
b. Single phase, 3 wire
c. Three phase, 3 wire
d. Three phase, 4 wire
ANSWER: d. Three phase, 4 wire

Q6. Assertion (A): 3 wire dc distribution system is preferred over 2 wire dc distribution
system.
Reason (R): the 3 wire dc system of distribution is more safe.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true and R is not the explanation of A
c. A is true but R is false
d. A is false but R is true.
ANSWER: A is true but R is false

Q7. Assertion (A): Transmission of electrical power by dc is economical than that with ac.
Reason (R): In case of dc transmission, there is no charging current which contributes to
the continuous load, even on no load.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true and R is not the explanation of A
c. A is true but R is false
d. A is false but R is true.
ANSWER: b. Both A and R are true and R is not the explanation of A

Q8. In transmission system, the weight of copper used is proportional to

a. Square of voltage
b. Voltage.
c. 1/ (square of voltage)
d. 1/ voltage
ANSWER: c. 1/ (square of voltage)

Q9. Greater the power factor the is the volume of copper required.
a. Greater
b. Smaller
c. Both are equal.
d. Depending of the level of transmission.
ANSWER: b. Smaller

Q10. Line efficiency increases for transmission voltages.

a. Higher.
b. Lower.
c. Both (a) and (b)
d. None of these.
ANSWER: a. Higher.

Q11. The most important disadvantage of using the high voltage for transmission is
a. The increased cost of insulating the conductors.
b. The increased cost of transformers, switchgear and the other terminal apparatus.
c. Both (a) and (b).
d. There is a reduction in the corona loss.
ANSWER: c. Both (a) and (b).

Q12. The most suitable practical value of primary distribution is?

a. 66 kV
b. 6.6 kV
c. 230 V/ 400 V
d. 22 kV
ANSWER: b. 6.6 kV

Q13. What is the main drawback of overhead system over underground system?
a. Surge problem
b. High initial cost.
c. Higher charging current.
d. Underground system is more flexible than overhead system.
ANSWER: a. Surge problem

Q14. For the same conductor length, same amount of power, same losses and maximum
voltage to earth, which system requires minimum conductor area?

a. 3 wire ac b. 2 wire ac. c. 2 wire dc. d. Single phase.

ANSWER: a. 3 wire ac
UNIT 4
Q1. Which among these is not the component of over head transmission lines?
a. Conductors
b. Cross arms
c. Danger plates
d. Transformers
ANSWER: d. Transformers
Q2. Which among these properties is not suited for the conductor material?
a. High electrical conductivity.
b. High specific gravity.
c. Lower cost.
d. High tensile strength.
ANSWER: b. High specific gravity.

Q3. What is the empirical formula to calculate the number of strands?

a. 3n (n+2n) + 2
b. 3n (n+1) + 2
c. 3n (n+1) + 1
d. 3n (3+ 3n) + 1
ANSWER: c. 3n (n+1) + 1

Q4. The most ideal material for the over head conductor is copper. What are the
advantages of this?
a. Smaller cross sectional area.
b. Area offered by the wind loads is reduced.
c. The price of copper is less.
d. Both (a) and (b).
ANSWER: d. Both (a) and (b).
Q5. Which among the following properties has got a higher value for aluminium in
comparison to that of copper?

a. Electrical resistivity.
b. Melting point.
c. Thermal conductivity.
d. Specific gravity.
ANSWER: a. Electrical resistivity.
Q6. Why are galvanised steel conductors not suitable for transmitting large power over
long distance?
a. Poor conductivity.
b. High resistance of steel.
c. More power loss.
d. Both (a) and (b).
ANSWER: d. Both (a) and (b).

Q7. Why are the conductors used for higher voltage transmission stranded?
a. Ease of handling.
b. Cheaper cost.
c. Reduced resistivity.
d. Increase in tensile strength.
ANSWER: a. Ease of handling.

Q8. Which material is used for the manufacture of ground wire?

a. Aluminium.
b. Galvanised steel.
c. Cast iron.
d. Stainless steel.
ANSWER: b. Galvanised steel.

Q9. The following materials of line conductor are given.

i. Hard drawn copper.
ii. Cadmium copper.
iii. Aluminium.
iv. Galvanised steel.

What is the correct series in descending order of their electrical conductivities?

a. i, ii, iv, iii.
b. ii, i, iv, iii.
c. ii, i, iii, iv.
d. i, ii, iii, iv.
ANSWER: d. i, ii, iii, iv.
Q10. When steel is reinforced what happens to the composite conductor?
a. 35 % more compared with equivalent weight of copper.
b. 25 % more compared with equivalent weight of copper.
c. 25 % less compared with equivalent weight of copper.
d. 35 % less compared with equivalent weight of copper.
ANSWER: c. 25 % less compared with equivalent weight of copper.

Q11. Why is A.C.S.R conductor used as the replacement or substitute for copper?
a. Higher current carrying capacity.
b. Economy.
c. Being less weight.
d. Higher tensile strength.
ANSWER: b. Economy.

Q12. What is the function of steel wire in A.C.S.R conductors?

a. Compensate for skin effect.
b. Takes care of surges.
c. Reduced capacitance and inductance.
d. Provide additional mechanical strength.
ANSWER: d. Provide additional mechanical strength.

Q13. Why grease is put between steel and aluminium conductors?

a. To reduce the corrosion by electrolytic action.
b. To reduce friction between the strand.
c. To eliminate the air gaps.
d. To reduce the leakage of current.
ANSWER: a. To reduce the corrosion by electrolytic action.

Q14. What is the general ratio of the cross sectional area of the two metals used in the
A.C.S.R conductors?
a. 1 : 8
b. 1 : 4
c. 4 : 3
d. 2 : 1
ANSWER: b. 1 : 4

Q15. Assertion (A): The maximum operating temperature of overhead line conductors
made of aluminium or copper is restricted to 75 °C.
Reason (R): conductors beyond this limit may shatter the insulator.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true and R is not the explanation of A
c. A is true but R is false
d. A is false but R is true.
ANSWER: c. A is true but R is false

UNIT 5
1. Stones are provided in the substation to:
a) To avoid fire accident by draining oil from transformer if leaks
b) To avoid growing of weeds and plants
c) To provide insulation
d) All the above
Ans: All the above

2. In order to improve the power factor device is employed in the substation

a) Synchronous condenser
b) Synchronous reactor
c) Series Capacitors
d) None of the above
Ans: Synchronous condenser

3. What is the minimum phase to phase clearance required for 400kV conductors in
substation:
a) 3500 mm
b) 4200 mm
c) 5000 mm
d) 4500 mm
Ans: 4200 mm

4. In substation which of the device is a carrier communication device:

a) CVT
b) Earth conductor
c) Wave trap
d) Lightning arrestor
Ans:Wavetrap

5. Which of the device is employed in substation to limit the short circuit current in the
power system:
a) Shunt condenser
b) Reactor
c) Series capacitor
d) Shunt capacitor
Ans:Reactor

6. Which of the following busbar arrangement is generally employed in distribution

system:
a) One-and-half breaker arrangement
b) Main and transfer arrangement
c) Ring main distribution system
d) Single busbar arrangement system
Ans: Ring main distribution system

7. Earthing conductivity is affected by:

a) Moisture content in the soil
b) Chemical composition
c) Concentration of salts in the soil
d) All the above
Ans: All the above

8. Emulsifier protection is associated with:

a) Grounding protection
b) Dielectric strength protection of cables and conductors
c) Lightning protection
d) Fire protection
Ans: Fire protection

9. The size of Gas Insulated Substation is significantly small compared to conventional

substation because:
a) High electronegative property of SF6 gas
b) High dielectric property of SF6 gas
c) High Insulation property of SF6 gas
d) All the above
Ans: All the above
10. What is Marshalling Kiosk in power transformer:
a) It provides alarms, trips, controls and indications from main transformer
b) It is the base on which transformer rail is provided to pull and push transformer
c) It is the pressure device ruptures when temperature inside transformer increases
d) None of the above
Ans: It provides alarms, trips, controls and indications from main transformer

11. The size of the earth or ground wire is based on the:

a) maximum fault current carrying through the ground wire
b) rated current carrying capacity of the service line
c) depends on the soil resistance
d) both (a) and (c)
Ans: both (a) and (c)

12. Earth wire or ground wire is made of:

a) copper
b) aluminium
c) iron
d) galvanized steel
Ans: galvanized steel

13. Average resistance of human body is:

a) 500 ohms
b) 1000 ohms
c) 1500 ohms
d) 2000 ohms
Ans:1000ohms

14. Generally grounding is provided for:

a) only for the safety of the equipment
b) only for the safety of the operating personnel
c) both (a) and (b)
d) none of the above
Ans:both(a)and(b)

15. Ground resistance should be designed such that:

a) grounding resistance should be as low as possible
b) grounding resistance should be as high as possible
c) grounding resistance should be always zero
d) none of the above
Ans: grounding resistance should be as low as possible

UNIT 6
1. Which is the first equipment seen in the substation while coming from transmission
system:
a) Circuit breaker
b) Lightning arrester
c) Current transformer
d) Transformer
Ans: Lightning arrester

2. Gas Insulated Substation is employed where:

a) Where there is less space available
b) For high altitude substations
c) In terrain region
d) All the above
Ans: Where there is less space available

3. A bus coupler circuit breaker is utilized in a substation for:

a) Joining the transmission line with station bus-bar
b) Joining main and transfer bus in a substation
c) Joining the generator with transfer
d) Joining the neutral of the generator with earth
Ans: Joining main and transfer bus in a substation

4. Which of the gas is used in gas insulated substation:

a) Nitrogen + SF6
b) Hydrogen + SF6
c) SF6
d) None of the above
Ans: SF6

5. Which of the following bus-bars arrangement is more reliable and flexible:

a) Main and transfer bus scheme
b) One-and-half breaker scheme
c) Double main busbar scheme
d) Single busbar scheme
Ans:One-and-halfbreakerscheme
6. What is the maximum transmission voltage substation in India:
a) 400 kV
b) 500 kV
c) 750 kV
d) 1000 kV
Ans: 750 kV

7. A busbar is rated by:

a) Current only
b) Voltage only
c) Current, voltage and frequency
d) Current, voltage, frequency and short circuit current
Ans: Current, voltage, frequency and short circuit current

8. In a substation current transformers are used to:

a) Measuring purpose
b) Protection purpose connecting to relays
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of the above
Ans:Both(a)and(b)

9. Step potential and Touch potential is associated with:

a) High voltage transmission
b) Earthing of the substation
c) Voltage rise in the substation
d) Communication systems
Ans: Earthing of the substation

10. It is the minimum clearance required between the live conductors and maintenance
operators limit:
a) Ground clearance
b) Phase cearance
c) Sectional clearance
d) None of the above
Ans:Sectionalclearance

11. Bundled Conductors are used for EHV transmission lines primarily for reducing
a) Corona Loss
b) Surge Impedance of the line
c) Voltage drop across the line
d) I2R loss
AnS: Corona Loss

12. If the traveling wave which is traveling along the loss free line which doesnot
undergone any reflection after it reached the end, then the end of the line is:
a) Short circuited
b) Open Circuited
c) Terminated with inductor
d) Terminated in to a resistance which is equal to the Surge Impedance of the line
Ans: Terminated with inductor