Socmed

Social Media has been part of each and everyone’s life. Almost all of us from all ages use social
media to either communicate or to have means of entertainment. Social media platforms allow us to
have conversations with other people, share information and create web content. It is indeed beneficial
in such a way that it serve as medium or way for us to easily communicate with people who are living
far from us. People also use this in terms of online businesses like online selling. And in this time of
pandemic, social media become one of the sources of information. It is also being used for educational
purposes as we are engaging in a new learning system. But despite all of this, social media also has
drawbacks or disadvantages. This type of platform is very prone to fake news. And because people
nowadays tend to believe what they see online, it sometimes causes conflicts. Social media also
contains pornographic and violent images that are not suitable for young audiences. There are also
instances of cyber bullying or cyber libel wherein people are posting or commenting negatively about a
person online. As we always hear, “Lahat ng sobra ay nakasasama”. The overuse and even misuse of
social media will only lead to awful situations.
writing mechanics are the conventions governing the technical aspects of writing,
including spelling, punctuation, capitalization, and abbreviations. Getting your main
points together can be a challenge, and one solution is to put together a draft of main
ideas before writing. Some writing textbooks also include issues related
to usage and organization under the broad heading of mechanics. Here are the basics of
writing mechanics for students and writers. 9

The Mechanism of Writing relates with essential components of scholarly writing.

1.2.  Spelling  Punctuation  Italics  Numbers  Names of Persons  Titles of works in the research paper 
Quotations  Capitalization and Personal names

2.3. 1.1. SPELLING 1.1.1. Consistency Spelling, including hyphenation, should be consistent throughout the
research paper—except in quotation, which must retain the spelling of the original, whether correct or

incorrect.

3.4. 1.1.2. Words Division  Turn off the automatic-hyphenation option in our word processor.  Dividing words at
the ends of lines is unnecessary and it has disadvantages. 1.1.3. Plurals  The plurals of English words are formed

by addition of the suffix –s or –es (laws, taxes), with several exceptions (e.g., children, women).

4.5. 1.1.4. Foreign Words  For quoting material in a foreign language, must reproduce all accents and other marks
exactly as they appear in the original. Eg. école, pietà, tête, leçon, Fähre

5.6. 2.1. PUNCTUATION Punctuation clarifies sentence structure, separating some words and grouping others. It
adds meaning to written words. 2.1.1. Commas  Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction (and, but, for,

nor, or, so) joining independent clauses in sentences. E.g.- Congress passed the bill, but the president rejected it.

6.7.  Use commas to separate words, phrases and clauses in a series. WORDS— E.g. - Baccaccio’s tales have
inspired, plays, films, operas, and paintings. PHRASES— E.g. - Alfred the Great established a system of fortified

town, reorganized the military forces, and built a fleet of worships. CLAUSES— E.g. - In the Great Depression,

millions lost their jobs, businesses failed, and Charitable institutions closed their doors.

7.8.  Use commas between coordinate adjectives – that is, adjectives that separately modify the same noun. E.g.
Critics praise the novel’s unaffected, unadorned style.  Use commas to set off a nonrestrictive modifier – that is, a

modifier that is not essential to the meaning of the sentences. NONRESTRICTIVE— E.g. Isabel Allende, the Chilean

novelist, will appear at the art forum tonight. RESTRICTIVE – E.g. The Chilean novelist Isabel Allende will appear at

the art forum tonight.

8.9.  Use a comma after a long introductory phrases or clause. E.g. - After years of anxiety over the family’s
finances, Linda Loman looks forward to the day mortgage will be paid off.

9.10. 2.1.2. Semicolons  Use a semicolon between independent clauses not linked by a conjunction. E.g. The coat
is tattered beyond repair; still, Ajay hopes the tailor can mend it.  Use semicolon between items in a series when

the items contain commas. E.g. Present at the symposium were Henri Guillaume, the art critic; Sam Brown, the

Daily Tribune reporter; and Maria Rosa, the conceptual artist.

10.11. 2.1.3. Colons  The colon is used between two parts of a sentence when the first part creates a sense of
anticipation about what follows in the second.  Type one space after a colon.  Use a colon to introduce a list, an

elaboration of what was just said, or the formal expressions of a rule or principle. LIST – The reading list includes

three Latin American novels: The Death of Artemio Cruz, One Hundred Years of Solitude, and The Green House.

ELABORATION – The plot is founded on deception: the three main characters have secret identities.

11.12.  Use a colon to introduce a quotation that is independent from the structure of the main sentence. In The
Awakening, Mme Ratignolle exhorts Robert Lebrun to stop flirting with Edna: “She is not one of us; she is not like

us.”  A colon is used after a verb of saying, however, if the verb introduces certain kinds of formal literary

quotations, such as long quotations set off from the main text

12.13. 2.1.4. Dashes and Parentheses Dashes make a sharper break in the continuity of the sentence than commas
do, and parentheses make a still sharper one. To indicate it type two hyphens, without space, word processor

convert into a dash.  Use dashes or parentheses to enclose a sentence element that interrupts the train of

thought. The “hero” of the play (the townspeople see him as heroic, but he is the focus of the author’s satire)

introduced himself as a veteran of the war.  Use dashes or parentheses to set off a parenthetical element that

contains a comma and that might be misread if set off with commas. The colors of the costume—blue, scarlet, and

yellow—acquire symbolic meaning in the story.

13.14.  Use a dash to introduce words that summarize a preceding series. Ruthlessness and acute sensitivity,
greed and compassion—the main character’s contradictory qualities prevent any simple interpretation of the film.

14.15. 2.1.5. Hyphens Compound words of all types—nouns, verbs, adjectives, and so on—are written as separate
words with hyphens like `hard-and-fast’, ‘hard-boiled’ etc.  Use a hyphen in a compound adjective beginning

with an adverb such as better, best, ill, lower, little, or well when the adjective precedes a noun. better-prepared

ambassador best-known work ill-informed reporter lower-priced tickets well-dressed act

15.16.  Do not use a hyphen when the compound adjective comes after the nous it modifies. The ambassador
was better prepared than the other delegates.  Do not use a hyphen in a compound adjective beginning with an

adverb ending in—ly or with too, very, or much. thoughtfully presented thesis too tasty lunch very contrived plot 
Use a hyphen in a compound adjective ending with the present participle (e.g. loving) or the past participle (e.g.

inspired) of a verb when the adjective precedes a noun. sports-loving people fear-inspired loyalty

16.17.  Use hyphen in other compound adjective before nouns to prevent misreading. Portuguese-language
students.  Do not use a hyphen in a familiar unhyphenated compound terms, such as social security, high school,

liberal arts and show business, when they appear before nouns as modifiers. social security tax high school

building  Use a hyphen to join coequal nouns. scholar-athlete writer-critic author-chef

17.18.  Do not use a hyphen in a pair of nouns in which the first noun modifies the second. opera lover father
figure  In general do not Use a hyphen after prefixes (e.g. anti-, over-, multi-, post-, semi-, sub-, under- etc.).

antiwar, underground, multicolored, semicircle etc. But some time a hyphen is called for after a prefix. post-

Victorian (use hyphen before a capital letter) anti-icing (without the hyphen double vowel would make the term

hard to recognize.)

18.19.  Do not use a hyphen in a pair of nouns in which the first noun modifies the second. opera lover father
figure  In general do not Use a hyphen after prefixes (e.g. anti-, over-, multi-, post-, semi-, sub-, under- etc.).

antiwar, underground, multicolored, semicircle etc. But some time a hyphen is called for after a prefix. post-

Victorian (use hyphen before a capital letter) anti-icing (without the hyphen double vowel would make the term

hard to recognize.)

19.20. 2.1.6. Apostrophes A principal function of apostrophes is to indicate possession. They are also used in
contractions like can’t, wouldn’t which is rarely acceptable in research papers.  To form the possessive of a

singular noun, add an apostrophe and an ‘s’. a poem’s meter  To form the possessive of a plural noun ending in

‘s’, add only an apostrophe. firefighters’ trucks  To form the possessive of nouns in a series, add a single

apostrophe and an ‘s’ if the ownership is shared. Palmer and Colton’s book on European history.

20.21.  To form the possessive of any singular proper noun, add an apostrophe and an ‘s’. Venus’s beauty,
Wordsworth’s reputation  To form the possessive of a plural proper noun, add only an apostrophe. the Dickenses’

economic woe.  Do not use an apostrophe to form the plural of an abbreviation of a number. PhDs 1990s MAs

fours TVs

21.22. 2.1.7. Quotation Marks  Place quotation marks around a word or phrase given in someone else’s sense or
in a special sense or purposefully misused. Their “friend” brought about their downfall.  Quotation marks are not

needed after ‘so-called’. Their so-called friend brought about their downfall.  Use quotation marks for a

translation of a foreign word or phrase. The first idiomatic Spanish expression I learned was irse todo en humo (“to

go up in smoke”).

22.23. 2.1.8. Square Brackets  Use square brackets around a parenthesis within parenthesis, so that the levels of
subordination can be easily distinguished. The sect known as the Jansenists (after Cornelius Jansen [1585- 1638])
faced opposition from both the king and the pope. 2.1.9. Slashes The slash, or diagonal, is rarely necessary in

formal prose. In quotations of poetry the slash has a place mainly between two terms paired as opposites or

alternatives and used together as a noun. The writer discussed how fundamental oppositions like good/evil,

East/West, and aged/young affect the way cultures view historical events.

MECHANICS - set of conventions on how to spell, abbreviate, punctuate, and capitalize 

*In composition, the conventions governing the technical aspects of writing, including spelling, punctuation,
capitalization, and abbreviations. *"Capitalization and punctuation are the mechanics of writing. They are not simply
rules that we must memorize and follow; they are specific signals to the reader. These mechanics are used to
determine meaning and to clarify intent. It is possible to change the connotation of a sentence by altering punctuation
and/or capitalization." (Maureen Lindner, English Language and Composition. Career Press, 2005) *"Mechanics, in
theory, includes matters such as usage and spelling, as well as hyphenation and the use of italics. Essentially,
mechanics refers to a set of conventions--how to abbreviate and when to capitalize, for example." (Robert DiYanni
and Pat C. Hoy II, The Scribner Handbook for Writers, 3rd ed. Allyn and Bacon, 2001)

1.3. *Capitalization *The chief reason to capitalize a word is that the word is proper, not because the word has
greater status than other words. *A proper noun identifies a specific member of a class. * A common noun, on the

other hand, denotes either the whole class or any random member of the class. Example: King Henry VIII (a

particular member of a class) was a king of England (the class itself). Notice the difference between the following

sentences: *Use a text editor to change the information in your file. *Use Text Editor to change the information in

your file. * In the first sentence, the article “a” makes clear that the writer is not pointing to a particular member of

the group of text editors. Therefore, “text editor” is a common noun. But in the second sentence, the absence of an

article or limiting word helps to clarify that the writer is pointing to only one member of the group. In that case,

capitalize the proper noun “Text Editor.”

2.4. What to Capitalize Capitalize the following items: *■ Proper nouns *■ The letters of many abbreviations and
acronyms *■ The first letter of the first word in numbered or bulleted lists * ■ The first letter of the first word in

figure callouts

3.5. *Contractions *can potentially cause confusion for localization or nonnative English speakers. When using
contractions, follow these guidelines: ■ Never use a contraction when you want to emphasize the negative.

Incorrect: Don’t press the Escape key. Correct: Do not press the Escape key. ■ Avoid obscure contractions,

nonstandard usage, and regionalisms such as “mustn’t,” “mightn’t,” ”you’d best,” “shan’t,” “ain’t,” or “don’t” to

mean “does not.” ■ Never create your own contractions ■ Avoid adding “’s” for “is” or “has” to form a contraction

(for example, “that’s”).

4.6. This construction can be confused with possessive constructions. ■ Use “it’s” and “its” correctly. “Its” is the
possessive of “it.” “It’s” is the contraction of “it is.” If you must use these constructions, make sure that the
antecedent is clear. Its features include expanding and contracting list items. It’s the correct contraction to use.

The following contractions are not usually a problem for translators: “can’t,” “isn’t,” and “don’t” (for “do not”).

5.7. *Pronouns *Follow these guidelines for the use of pronouns: *■ Avoid the indefinite pronoun or indefinite
possessive pronoun, especially at the beginning of a sentence, unless the noun to which the pronoun or

possessive pronoun refers is clear. *A pronoun that forces a reader to search for an antecedent can frustrate or

mislead the reader. *Pronouns that typically cause this type of confusion include “it,” “they,” “its,” “theirs,” “this,”

“these,” “that,” and “those.” Incorrect: It also describes how to install the software. Correct: This chapter also

describes how to install the software. Incorrect: You can use these either individually or together. Correct: You can

use these two options either individually or together.

6.8. *Do not use first person pronouns. Incorrect: We recommend that you install the custom components only on
large systems. Correct: Install the custom components only on large systems.

7.9. * *This section reviews basic punctuation rules and guidelines for American English, notes exceptions, and
suggests alternatives. The section is organized alphabetically

8.10. *Apostrophe *Use an apostrophe in the following situations: *■ In contractions. *Use an apostrophe to

replace letters that are omitted in a contraction. can’t isn’t * ■ In place of numerals. *Use an apostrophe to replace

omitted numerals. Use this informal construction sparingly. Class of ’66 Technology of the ’90s *■ For possessives.

*Use an apostrophe to denote the possessive case of a noun. Add an apostrophe and an “s” to most indefinite

pronouns, singular nouns (including collective nouns), and plural nouns that do not end in “s.” the manager’s

responsibilities someone’s system the group’s privileges people’s rights

9.11. *Comma *The following sections describe appropriate use of a comma. When to Use a Comma *Use a
comma in the following situations: *■ In a series. Use commas to separate the items in a series of three or more

words, phrases, or clauses. *Among your hidden files are .cshrc, .defaults, .login, and .mailrc. * Using a comma

before the conjunction that joins the last two items in a series prevents confusion regarding whether the last two

items in a series are related *To separate independent clauses in a sentence. *Use a comma to separate

independent clauses that are joined by the coordinating conjunctions “and,” “but,” “yet,” “for,” “nor,” and “or.”

Place the comma before the conjunction.

10.12. *Period *Use a period in the following situations: *■ To end a sentence. *Use a period to end a declarative
or imperative sentence. Computer documentation is always grammatically precise. * ■ In file and directory

names. *Use a period as part of a file name to separate the file name from a file extension. When used in technical

terms, a period is called a “dot.” *■ With abbreviations. *A period is used with some abbreviations, and always

with those abbreviations that would look like a word otherwise. *a.m. *U.S. * ■ In lists. *In a bulleted list, you can
use a period to separate an introductory word or phrase from its explanation. If the text following the introductory

word or phrase is brief, use an en dash instead of a period.

Writing mechanics are the established rules that should be followed when writing sentences.
They go hand in hand with grammar as the standards to follow when writing and are an
important way to effectively communicate ideas.

By consensus, the rules on grammar and writing mechanics have become the

official standard. They aren’t set in stone though but using them as a guide is
still a good idea.

#1: Parts of speech

The classifications of parts of speech such as nouns, verbs, and adjectives

among others is one of the most important things to know if you’re a writer.
Knowing the difference between a verb and an adverb, or a preposition from a
conjunction, plays a big part in being able to communicate effectively. It’s not
really necessary to be familiar with the definitions of each, but knowing how to
use them properly is.

Parts of Speech.

#2: Parts of sentences

There are no hard and fast rules about making sentences.

This is actually a good thing, as it allows you a lot of leeway to exercise your
creativity. Knowing the parts of sentences such as subjects, objects, phrases,
and clauses helps to give your sentences cohesion.
Being able to observe harmony while being creative with sentence structure is
the sign of a good writer.

#3: Sentence errors

Sometimes, even sentences that seem to be correct may still not follow proper
writing mechanics.

Run-on sentences, dangling participles, and faulty parallelism among others,

are easy to miss if you aren’t familiar with them. The only way to actually spot
these errors is to know what to look for. Ultimately, you should be aware of
these types of sentence errors to avoid committing them yourself.

At our content marketing agency, our writers use Grammarly to follow the

appropriate writing mechanics.

#4: Subject-Verb agreement

Subject-verb agreement is easy to miss, especially for novice writers. Knowing

the proper or singular forms of verbs and then matching them to the subject
as is required makes your sentences easier to understand.

Subject-verb agreement also makes your work more enjoyable to read.

Incorrect subject-verb agreement can be grating to a reader, especially if
committed often in a single work.
#5: Capitalization

Improper capitalization may not exactly affect the meaning behind the words
that you use, but it does help keep your sentences organized. Capitalization
signals to a reader the important details in a sentence.

Screenshot of capitalisation rules.

People, places, and ideas that are capitalized give them a hint as to the
significance of that word. Capitalization also helps your sentences and
paragraphs flow better as it signals the beginning of each sentence that you
use.

#6: Punctuation

There’s a joke that can easily convey the importance of proper punctuation.
The difference between ‘Let’s eat, Fred,’ and ‘Let’s eat Fred’ is a simple comma,
but it changes the meaning significantly. One is a dinner invitation, the other is
cannibalism!

UFsing the correct punctuation gives you the ability to convey your ideas to the
reader exactly as you intended. Punctuation may be a small part of the
sentence as a whole, but it definitely has a big impact.
#7: Spelling

No one really wants to see bad spelling, certainly not a discerning reader.
Improper spelling takes away from your work and gives a reader fewer reasons
to finish it.D

Fortunately, most modern text programs have spell checkers that can identifyD
errors. You really shouldn’t be too complacent though. Even spell checkers can
miss words that are spelled correctly but used improperly.

#8: Abbreviations

Never use abbreviations that aren’t familiar to your readers unless you’re
trying to hide the meaning intentionally. The best practice would be to use the
full title first, followed immediately by the abbreviation.

Once this is done, you could use the abbreviation instead. Familiarize your
reader with the abbreviations that you use, don’t let them have to wonder what
they actually mean.

#9: Homonyms, homographs and homophones

This is a part of English speech that can easily confuse a novice writer. A lot of
words in the English language sound alike or are spelled alike but have
different meanings. The words ‘ there,’ ‘their,’ and ‘they’re,’ or ‘you’re’ and ‘your’
come easily to mind. They sound the same but are significantly different.
Concepts in Semantics.

Words like leaves can have different meanings depending on the context. It
may be the singular present tense of leave, or the plural of leaf. Be sure to
familiarize yourself with the difference.

#10: Eliminating redundancy

Using synonyms, and antonyms of words reduces redundancy in sentences. It’s

not a thing that would really affect the ideas that you want to convey, but it can
be off-putting to a reader. Try to limit using similar words, at least in the same
sentence or paragraph.

If you must repeat words, try to space them out so that they don’t seem too
jarring. If you run out of synonyms, you could always use the negative of an
antonym to convey the same idea.

The Proper Mechanics of Writing: A Summary

Let’s go over some of the most important mechanics of writing that you need
to be familiar with before you get started on your masterpiece.

•Mastering the proper usage of quotation marks.

•Ensuring that both grammar and spelling are correct. Knowing grammar rules

is extremely vital.
•Mastering punctuation.

•Knowing how, where, and when to use apostrophes.

•Creating a concise topic sentence or thesis.

•Being able to form coherent sentence structures and avoiding sentence

fragments.

•Ensuring that capitalization is used properly.

•Having a mastery of the English vocabulary.

•Knowing how to formulate concise paragraphs that are not too wordy.
Wrap Up

Hopefully, this article has enlightened you on the proper use of grammar and
writing mechanics to improve your overall writing skills.

Effectively conveying your thoughts on paper is admittedly much easier when

both the writer and the reader understand each other. If you still have
questions about the topic, feel free to contact us for more advice or
information.
The goal of the mechanics of writing is to make the writing precise and gramatically correct.it is
directed to make the writing systematic and being concerned about how to be correct in spelling
punctuation, italics, and so on. The mechanics of writing are the rules that must be followed while
preparing research paper so that the research strategies and the format becomes systematic and
consistent in all academic sectors. If one does not follow or if there are no such rules of writing then the
writing would be certainly very difficult.

Author – Information on the internet with a listed author is one indication of a credible site. The fact that the
author is willing to stand behind the information presented (and in some cases, include his or her contact infor

mation) is a good indication that the information is reliable.

 
Date – The date of any research information is important, including information found on the Internet. By
including a date, the website allows readers to make decisions about whether that information is recent enough
for their purposes.

 
Sources – Credible websites, like books and scholarly articles, should cite the source of the information
presented.

 
Domain – Some domains such as .com, .org, and .net can be purchased and used by any individual.
However, the domain .edu is reserved for colleges and universities, while .gov denotes a government website.
These two are usually credible sources for information (though occasionally a university will assign a .edu
address to each of its students for personal use, in which case use caution when citing). Be careful with the
domain .org, because .org is usually used by non-profit organizations which may have an agenda of persuasion
rather than education.

 
Site Design – This can be very subjective, but a well-designed site can be an indication of more reliable
information. Good design helps make information more easily accessible.

 
Writing Style – Poor spelling and grammar are an indication that the site may not be credible. In an effort to
make the information presented easy to understand, credible sites watch writing style closely.