[ee 6a test cove 01207020 | i FORM TP 2022002 JANUARY 2022 CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL CARIBBEAN SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE® r EXAMINATION BIOLOGY Paper 02 — General Proficiency 2 hours 30 minutes READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. | 1. This paper consists of SIX questions in two sections. Answer ALL questions. 2. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet. 3. DO NOT write in the margins. 4. Where appropriate, answers should be illustrated by diagrams, 5. If you need to rewrite any answer and there is not enough space to do so on the original page, you must use the extra lined page(s) provided at the back of this booklet. Remember to draw a line through your original answer. 6. Ifyou use the extra page(s), you MUST write the question number clearly in the box provided at the top of the extra page(s) and, where relevant, include the question part beside the answer. “DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. i SEES ae ae ESE EPO eres ereeroereerererzzreeeeccereremmescree Copyright © 2020 Caribbean Examinations Council Alll rights reservedae SECTION A Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet. L the investigation are shown in Table | below. Sarah investigated the variation in hair length for 16 girls in her class. The data obtained from TABLE 1: VARIATION IN HAIR LENGTH OF GIRLS IN A CLASS ee Hair Length (inches) Number of Students 2 1 4 4 5 2 7 8 10 1 eee [eee eee seta eee (a) On the grid provided on page 8, use appropriate scales and axes to draw a graph of the results obtained in Table 1. Provide an appropriate title for your graph and place hair length on the x-axis, (S marks) (6) State TWO precautions which should have been taken during this investigation. 01207020//CSEC 2022 “8000 mn a a EE (2 marks) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE= & GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE ee smash oan LL NEEL, La ON OG aay Suni Ni aia LON Od © VAY SUT NTE TON DG” 01207020/1/CSEC 2022[ a eG: oF (© i) _ Define the following terms: Continuous variation Discontinuous variation (marks) (fi) Sarah conducted a second experiment to determine the number of students in the class who are right-handed or lefi-handed. Suggest the type of variation which was investigated in this experiment, (i mark) Identify the type of graph that would be suitable for representing the data from the second experiment. “mark) (4) Abiologist conducted an experiment in a garden near his home. The results revealed that there were moths of the same species which had different colour wings. He noted that the moths either had a wing colour similar to the colour of the tree bark (brown wings) or they had a different colour from the tree bark (white wings). He concluded that there was genetic variation in the wing colour of the moths in his area. (@ Suggest ONE way in which this genetic variation may have arisen in the moth population, mark) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207020//CSEC 2022 ‘no aIT WRITE IN THIS ARIA WEIN THES. }AREA ae _ ponorweiren IN THIS AREA DONO! | DONOT WRITE IN: (ii) Suggest ONE reason why genetic variation would be important to the moths. (mark) ii) The inheritance of wing colour is a dominant trait. With the use of a genetic diagram, explain the results of a cross between a moth with brown wings and a ‘moth with white wings that produces all offspring with brown wings. (6 marks) (iv) Amoth of brown wing colour was crossed with a moth of white wing colour and only some of the offspring had a brown wing colour. Suggest the genotype of the arent with brown wings. (mark) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207020/1/CSEC 2022a ll (©) The diamond back moth isa huge pest. Researchers recently created a strain of the diamond back moth which could reduce the pest population, ‘Suggest how the creation of the new type of diamond back moth differs from the formation of moths with a different wing colour, (@ marks) (D (The researcher wishes to capture one of the moths for a follow-up experiment. te device which can be used to capture the moth Name an appropy Gi) State how the moth is captured using the device named in (1) (i). (mark) Gi) State ONE precaution that should be taken forthe follow-up experiment in () (i) mark) Total 25 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207020/VCSEC 2022 ! QUO Ab Any ee ne 1r 2. (a) _ State ONE function of EACH of the following areas of the human brain: @ — Cerebrum Gi) Cerebellum Gil) Medulta (3 marks) (b) Philip suffered severe brain damage and is now unable to see. Explain how Philip’s brain damage may have resulted in his loss of sight even though the physical structures of his eyes remain intact. NTS Aes” NOT WRITE TN DO. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207020//CSEC 2022r “8. 7 (©) Anna is a teenager who abuses diet pills body weight. As her friend, you tell her th pills and maintain a balanced diet. She continues to use the pills to maintain her at she should immediately stop using the diet (State TWO reasons why a balanced diet is important. (2 marks) Gi) State the names of TWO other substances which are commonly abused by persons. @ marks) (@) Discuss THREE different effects of drug abuse. The effects may be physiological, social or economic. (6 marks) ‘Total 15 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE | : Oe Iee PONOT WRITE IN LTE IN TEKS PIN THIS. | Donor wire TEIN TIS ARE DONOTWRITEIN 7 5 + (@) Define the term ‘movement’, ) animals. a ) Complete the table below to outline TWO distinctions between movement in plants and Movement in Plants ‘Movement in Animals 01207020/3/CSEC 2022 (4 marks) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE.©) (d) -12- | List THREE major functions of the human skeleton, other than locomotion, and name ONE bone that is responsible for EACH function listed. Funetion 1 Bone responsible: Function 2: Bone responsible: ... Function 3: Bone responsible: : (6 marks) There are some animals that are completely immobile for example, corals. Complete the table below to outline TWO disadvantages of complete immobility in living organisms and state ONE consequence of EACH. [Disadvantage of complete immobility ‘Consequence (4 marks) Total 15 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEcanara SAREA || : z E : = g 4 4 i | rHIS ARICA RIEINTHIS AREA" DONT WRITE TN DONOT WRITE. 7 » 7 SECTION B Answer ALL questions, Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet. (@) Figure | shows a diagram of a flower. Figure 1. Diagram of a flower (Name the reproductive structures labelled A, B, C and D. ic: D.. : er (4 marks) (ii) State how the flower in Figure 1 is pollinated. (mark) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207020/1/CSEC 202214s (iii) Give ONE reason for the method of pollination stated in (a) (ii. (1 mark) (b) Complete the table below to state THREE ways in which pollination differs from fertilization. Pollination Fertilization 01207020//CSEC 2022 (6 marks) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEi: “ a (© @_ Sugar ane was once a plant of great economic importance in the Caribbean. Name the process of cell division which leads to the cultivation of sugar cane. L (1 mark) (ii) Provide TWO reasons to explain how the process named in (c) (i) leads to the propagation of sugar cane. WRITE IN Thiis _DONOT 4 “@ marks) 5 z z z d ‘DONOT 2 " oe AREA, Le EIN THIS, GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207020/1/CSEC 2022r v6 7 (@) Using TWO examples, define the term ‘species’ (6) @_ State TWO ways by which speciation oceurs. (2 marks) (ii) Explain how EACH of the TWO ways stated in (b) (i) leads to speciation, (marks) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGI 01207020/5/CSEC 2022ip -" 7 (©) Natural selection assists in the process of speciation. Outline THREE advantages and TWO disadvantages of natural selection. TEIN TRIS AREA | BONOT wer THISARES RITE IN eee Total 15 marks : GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE (01207020//CSEC 2022 'f -18- ee] 6 (a) __Define the term ‘abiotic factor’. (b) State TWO examples of abiotic factors. (2 marks) (© List THREE human activities that may disrupt the abiotic factors in an ecosystem. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207020//CSEC 2022A PONOT WRITE IN Tins anva IN THIS ARES DONOT WRITE. TE IN THISAREL DONOT WRIT] @ 19. et] Pandemics are large-scale outbreaks of diseases that impact human populations. A new ‘animal pathogen was detected in a rainforest area and believed to be the reason for a significant decline in the human population, after an outbreak. Figure 2 shows the impact of the pathogen on the human population in that country. see: Number of cases (thousands) 3 > 0 30 100 150 ‘Time (weeks) Figure 2. The impact of the pathogen on the human population (For Figure 2, describe the shape of the graph in the regions labelled A, B and C. “G marks) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207020:1/CSEC 2022: -»- | (ii) Discuss THREE ways in which human activities may have contributed to the spread of the animal pathogen. eG marks) Total 15 marks END OF TEST IF ¥OU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST. 01207020//CSEC 2022